Flagella and Pili-Mediated Near-Surface Single-Cell Motility Mechanisms in P. aeruginosa

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dc.creatorConrad, Jacinta C.en
dc.creatorGibiansky, Maxsim L.en
dc.creatorJin, Fanen
dc.creatorGordon, Vernita D.en
dc.creatorMotto, Dominick A.en
dc.date.accessioned2014-09-26T19:26:09Zen
dc.date.available2014-09-26T19:26:09Zen
dc.date.issued2011-04en
dc.description.abstractBacterial biofilms are structured multicellular communities that are responsible for a broad range of infections. Knowing how free-swimming bacteria adapt their motility mechanisms near a surface is crucial for understanding the transition from the planktonic to the biofilm phenotype. By translating microscopy movies into searchable databases of bacterial behavior and developing image-based search engines, we were able to identify fundamental appendage-specific mechanisms for the surface motility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Type IV pili mediate two surface motility mechanisms: horizontally oriented crawling, by which the bacterium moves lengthwise with high directional persistence, and vertically oriented walking, by which the bacterium moves with low directional persistence and high instantaneous velocity, allowing it to rapidly explore microenvironments. The flagellum mediates two additional motility mechanisms: near-surface swimming and surface-anchored spinning, which often precedes detachment from a surface. Flagella and pili interact cooperatively in a launch sequence whereby bacteria change orientation from horizontal to vertical and then detach. Vertical orientation facilitates detachment from surfaces and thereby influences biofilm morphology.en
dc.description.departmentPhysicsen
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2152/26156en
dc.language.isoengen
dc.subjectflagellaen
dc.subjectP. aeruginosaen
dc.subjectBacterial biofilmsen
dc.subjectmulticellular communitiesen
dc.subjectinfectionen
dc.subjectbacterial behavioren
dc.subjectimage-based search enginesen
dc.subjectPseudomonas aeruginosaen
dc.subjectbiofilm morphologyen
dc.titleFlagella and Pili-Mediated Near-Surface Single-Cell Motility Mechanisms in P. aeruginosaen
dc.typeArticleen

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