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    Two Planets Orbiting The Recently Formed Post-Common Envelope Binary NN Serpentis

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    Date
    2010-10
    Author
    Beuermann, K.
    Hessman, F. V.
    Dreizler, S.
    Marsh, T. R.
    Parsons, S. G.
    Winget, D. E.
    Miller, G. F.
    Schreiber, M. R.
    Kley, W.
    Dhillon, V. S.
    Littlefair, S. P.
    Copperwheat, C. M.
    Hermes, J. J.
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    Abstract
    Planets orbiting post-common envelope binaries provide fundamental information on planet formation and evolution. We searched for such planets in NN Ser ab, an eclipsing short-period binary that shows long-term eclipse time variations. Using published, reanalysed, and new mid-eclipse times of NN Ser ab obtained between 1988 and 2010, we find excellent agreement with the light-travel-time effect produced by two additional bodies superposed on the linear ephemeris of the binary. Our multi-parameter fits accompanied by N-body simulations yield a best fit for the objects NN Ser (ab)c and d locked in the 2:1 mean motion resonance, with orbital periods P-c similar or equal to 15.5 yrs and P-d similar or equal to 7.7 yrs, masses M-c sin i(c) similar or equal to 6.9 M-Jup and M-d sin i(d) similar or equal to 2.2 M-Jup, and eccentricities e(c) similar or equal to 0 and e(d) similar or equal to 0.20. A secondary chi(2) minimum corresponds to an alternative solution with a period ratio of 5:2. We estimate that the progenitor binary consisted of an A star with similar or equal to 2 M-circle dot and the present M dwarf secondary at an orbital separation of similar to 1.5 AU. The survival of two planets through the common-envelope phase that created the present white dwarf requires fine tuning between the gravitational force and the drag force experienced by them in the expanding envelope. The alternative is a second-generation origin in a circumbinary disk created at the end of this phase. In that case, the planets would be extremely young with ages not exceeding the cooling age of the white dwarf of 10(6) yrs.
    Department
    Astronomy
    Subject
    binaries: eclipsing
    planetary systems
    stars: individual: nn ser
    novae
    cataclysmic variables
    planets and satellites: formation
    stars:
    evolution
    white-dwarf
    system
    companion
    mass
    ser
    astronomy & astrophysics
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/2152/34484
    Citation
    Beuermann, Klaus, F. V. Hessman, S. Dreizler, T. R. Marsh, S. G. Parsons, Donald Earl Winget, G. F. Miller et al. >Two planets orbiting the recently formed post-common envelope binary NN Serpentis.> Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 521 (Oct., 2010): L60.
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