Browsing by Subject "poverty"
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Item Colonias in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of South Texas: A Summary Report, PRP 18(LBJ School of Public Affairs, 1977) Estes, Mark; Haynes, Kingsley E.; Hazleton, Jared E.Item Developing New Poverty Measures(Salem Center, 2021-04-26) Meyer, BruceCarlos Carvalho sits down with Bruce Meyer to discuss developing new poverty measures for Texas.Item Digital Credit: Closing the Water Financing Gap in Rural Tanzania(2020-05) Patel, NeilThe United Republic of Tanzania explicitly recognizes the human right to water and sanitation in its constitution. However, full implementation of this right has been complicated by Tanzania’s ongoing decentralization process for water governance, which has created a significant public financing gap for cash-strapped rural water schemes. Under the framework of the progressive realization of the human right to water, this thesis examines the potential for digital credit financing to bridge the public financing gap for rural water schemes in Tanzania. The thesis utilizes (1) country-wide data on digital financial inclusion and rural water access and (2) two case studies of digital credit financing in the rural water sector to explore the viability of a digital credit financing model. This thesis challenges sector-wide intuition on a “cost-recovery” model for rural water financing, instead arguing in favor of a “cost-reduction” model that prioritizes the use of debt financing for cost-reducing asset improvements, such as low-maintenance solar pump technology. It further finds that the weak regulation of the digital credit industry creates a major risk of predatory lending toward financially-illiterate consumers and outlines clear delineations of responsibility for various government agencies in regulating lending terms and providing technical assistance for rural water schemes. Finally, the thesis explores opportunities for cross-subsidization to ensure that the improved financial sustainability of water schemes does not come at the cost of equitable access to water for the rural poor.Item Eating Pizza in Brazil: Poverty and Other Social Issues(Teresa Lozano Long Institute of Latin American Studies, 2011) Heron, DanielItem Environmental Suffering, Here and There(Teresa Lozano Long Institute of Latin American Studies, 2011) Auyero, JavierItem Families of America: Variations on a Theme(Hogg Foundation for Mental Health, 1967) Hogg Foundation for Mental Health; Milburn Moore, BerniceItem Girl Branded: Nike, the UN and the Construction of the Entrepreneurial Adolescent Girl Subject(The Bernard and Audre Rapoport Center for Human Rights and Justice, 2015) Hengeveld, MariaWith the rise of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and philanthro-capitalism since the early 2000s, transnational corporations (TNCs) have come to play a prominent role in international policy debates on sustainable development and human rights. A key feature of the growing corporate interest in poverty reduction is its faith in feminist ideas as tools for change. Spearheaded by the ‘Girl Effect’ campaign of athletic apparel giant Nike (since 2008), development institutions and aid agencies have largely embraced the idea that ‘rebranding girls’ in the Global South as untapped market potential and training them as self-confident, entrepreneurial market actors represents the key to solving poverty. In an attempt to gauge the growing influence of TNCs on development policy, this article analyzes the principles and the actual effects of the Girl Effect and compares it with Nike’s own interests as a corporation built on women’s labor. It argues that contrary to freeing girls’ potential, the Girl Effect project capitalizes on patriarchy to depoliticize poverty and inequality. Far from empowering women or supporting the poor, Nike’s rebranding project is an attempt to discipline girls, and the NGOs that represent them, into behaviors that support the status quo, distract from corporations’ misbehavior and expand the power of the market.Item The Impact of Poverty and Discrimination on Child Height in India(University of Texas at Austin Population Research Center, 2019) Coffey, Diane; Deshpande, Ashwini; Hammer, Jeffrey; Spears, DeanItem Legal Empowerment of the Poor: The Re-emergence of a Lost Strand of Human Rights?(The Bernard and Audre Rapoport Center for Human Rights and Justice, 2012-01) von Broembsen, MarleseThis paper considers the contribution of the UNDP’s Legal Empowerment of the Poor (LEP) framework to the rights and poverty reduction discourse. It argues that the value of LEP, as envisaged by its architect, Stephen Golub, is less of a new development paradigm, but rescues one of the strands of the rights-based approaches from a contested discourse, which is being lost to an overly legalistic interpretation. I respond to the critique that the LEP framework lacks conceptual rigour, by initiating a discussion on power and empowerment, the objective of which is to contribute to LEP’s conceptual development. LEP’s focus on power, as opposed to law, critically distinguishes it from the dominant rights-based discourse, yet little attention is paid in LEP literature to constructing a coherent concept of power or empowerment. This paper aims to contribute to the concept of empowerment within the LEP framework. I draw on the work of Lukes and the substantial body of work on empowerment by development scholars.Item The Place of Social Services in Welfare Policy: An Assessment of Federal Policy Changes and Their Impact on Texas, PRP 5(LBJ School of Public Affairs, 1974) Clark, Alexander L.; Feagan, Joe; Schmandt, JurgenItem Poverty, Homelessness, Minimum Wage & Measurement(Salem Center, 2021-05-10) Salem Center for PolicyItem Revitalizing American Cities: Do Community Development Corporations Matter?(RGK Center: Summer Fellowship Program, 0000-00-00) Wright, Nathaniel S.Policy makers have been faced with identifying solutions to address poverty and other social problems facing U.S. cities. Community development corporations have emerged as major players in the rebuilding of cities across America. Research has shown that CDCs have been successful in their quest in the revitalization of neighborhoods and communities (Vidal, 1992). However, little research has focused on the success of their efforts on a city level. This study seeks to address this gap in the literature. Using data collected from the American Community Survey and Guidestar on U.S. cities and CDCs, this paper examines to what extent are CDCs revitalizing U.S. cities by developing three models of city revitalization. The study finds a negative relationship between the amount of monies spent by CDCs on programs and administration, and the amount of people living below poverty. Additionally, a negative relationship is also found between CDC expenditures and the percentage of vacant housing in U.S. cities.Item Using Minimum Wages to Fight Inequality and Poverty(Salem Center, 2021-04-12) Neumark, David