Browsing by Subject "Romania"
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Item A paradoxical friendship : Romanian-Iranian relations during the Ceausescu era(2023-04-19) Nicolescu, Laura Beatrice; Koyagi, Mikiya; Neuburger, MaryIn a seemingly paradoxical manner, Romania and Iran, two states with staunchly different ideological systems and entrenched in opposing camps, maintained remarkably close cooperation during the height of the Cold War. The level of ties on the economic and diplomatic fronts displayed continuity throughout the era of Romanian leader Nicolae Ceausescu, encompassing a time period from 1965-1989 that saw a changing Iranian political landscape. This thesis argues that the basis of the Romanian-Iranian relationship during the Ceausescu era encapsulated the prioritization of national interest over ideology. Chapter one engages in a comparative study of Romania and Iran’s foreign policy trajectories to outline how their relationship was part of both countries’ general approach of balancing between multiple actors as long as it served national interest. It further covers the mutual benefits Romania and Iran received from the maintenance of robust ties in the economic realm and cooperation on global issues. Chapter two is dedicated to deciphering Ceausescu’s last visit to Iran in 1989, just seven days before he was executed, in the context of Romania and Iran’s international isolation in the 1980s. Primary sources utilized in this project include Romanian national newspapers, interviews and speeches by Ceausescu, and memoirs from former members of the Ceausescu government. Secondary sources featured in this work include scholarship on late Pahlavi Iran and the early revolutionary years, communism under Ceausescu’s rule, and a global history of international relations during the Cold War.Item Fragile mechanics : connecting Holocaust and art education through the creation of a graphic novel(2013-05) Remington, Matthew Spencer; Bolin, Paul Erik, 1954-Through the creation of a graphic novel based on a Romanian Holocaust survivor’s testimony, this study attempts to clarify the role of artistic creation in meaning-making during Holocaust and genocide education. In facilitating empathy and moral education, the creative process encourages a deeper exploration of these troubling topics than is possible within the confines of a traditional academic approach. In order to understand this process, I worked with the testimony of Zoly Zamir, who escaped Bucharest following the Iron Guard Rebellion of 1941. The creation of the graphic novel took me from Austin to Houston and Romania, where I sought to trace the echoes of history in architecture and environment. Translating Zamir’s story into word and image produced an empathetic bond to the narrative and the region, facilitating a deeper understanding of the hows and whys of the Holocaust. That engagement spurred a desire to continue to ask questions, to look beyond a regimented understanding and view the broader implications of the history.Item In Transition: The Climate Case for Eastern Europe(2019-12) Ivanova, ElenaClimate change continues to garner global attention as countries attempt to transition to renewable energy consumption and away from fossil fuel use. This thesis examines the climate change policies that have been enforced in Romania, Moldova, and Ukraine - three ex-communist countries that worked to adopt more stringent greenhouse gas emission standards while simultaneously transforming their economic infrastructure. While these countries are all located in (South) Eastern Europe, they each face unique barriers to meeting global emission targets. These barriers include varying levels of public support, government assistance, resource availability, and renewable energy potential. In this thesis, I examine how international agreements and multilateral cooperation have expedited the implementation of carbon emission reduction measures. These agreements encompass broad pledges of support such as the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Climate Accords, as well as various European Union policies and requirements. Romania, Moldova, and Ukraine have had various levels of success when it comes to securing international support for their climate-related goals, and government corruption and instability have contributed to a diversion of funds dedicated to renewable energy investments. I find that the effects of international factors outweigh those of domestic politics, namely public opinion, on environmental policy.Item Letter from Colin Renfrew to Emmett L. Bennett Jr., November 17, 1966(1966-11-17) Renfrew, ColinItem Letter to Borivoj Zaruba from H.B. Stenzel on 1965-11-11(1965-11-11) Stenzel, Henryk B.Item Letter to H.B. Stenzel from William A. Berggren on 1967-11-13(1967-11-13) Berggren, William A.Item Nae Ionescu's Philosophy of Religion: a translation and commentary(2023-08) Glajar, David Sergio; Arens, Katherine, 1953-; Roberts, Jason EdwardThis thesis is a full translation of one of Romanian philosopher Nae Ionescu’s earliest university courses, The Philosophy of Religion (1925), along with preliminary critical commentaries on the first four chapters (or lecture days), which form the groundwork for the rest of Ionescu’s course. The translation has been performed without the aid of any kind of translation software, AI or otherwise. The four critical commentaries that precede the translation argue that Ionescu is idiosyncratically employing a highly theologized, crypto-ontological Platonic phenomenology in his ostensible philosophy of religion, thereby manipulating a version of phenomenology to his own dubious ends. As such, this piece is meant to help begin a meaningful conversation about Nae Ionescu’s direct and highly problematic influence on the thought of his most famous disciple, Mircea Eliade.Item Planet Texas 2050 Uses Ancient Civilizations to Prepare Texas For the Future(The Alcalde, 2019-11-01) Lopez, DanielleItem Saving political face : the structures of power in Hans von Aachen’s Allegories on the long Turkish war(2011-05) Fetté, Mirka Campbell; Smith, Jeffrey Chipps, 1951-; Waldman, Louis A.; Mulder, Stephennie; Holliday, Joan A.; Guernsey, JuliaHans von Aachen, court artist to the Habsburg Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II in Prague, created a series of small painting called the Allegories on the Long Turkish War. Von Aachen made the Allegories between 1604 and 1606 and Rudolf II kept them bound in a red book in his Kunstkammer. This series selects events and battles from the Long War against the Ottoman Empire, 1593-1606, to create a flattering propagandistic image of the emperor in order to strengthen his support. Rudolf’s brother, Archduke Matthias of Austria, began plotting against the emperor beginning in 1600. By 1606 he was actively usurping Rudolf’s political power. I examine von Aachen’s visual description of imperial power, the alternate history the Allegories present, and the ways they engage with Neo-Platonic theories to convey validity to viewers. In my thesis, I outline the events of the Long War in order to compare them to von Aachen’s portrayals and to understand how he restructures chronological history to convey his message about Rudolf’s rulership. I briefly analyze each painting but I focus primarily on the eighth scene, the Conquest of Székesfehérvár. Sultan Mehmed III sits opposite Rudolf II in dignified defeat in this painting. I investigate the visual treatment of the sultan through the historical interactions between the Ottoman and Holy Roman Empires and propose the political function served by depicting him as a noble enemy. I finally discuss the way von Aachen uses symbols and allegory to convey a potent message and convince the viewer of its validity. Ultimately, these works should be seen as political propaganda used to combat Rudolf’s brother Archduke Matthias’ political takeover and not as Rudolf’s fantastical escapism from his losing battle against his brother.