Browsing by Subject "strategy"
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Item Certification Strategy for Additively Manufactured Structural Fittings(University of Texas at Austin, 2016) Taylor, Robert M.; Manzo, Joe; Flansburg, LoriWhile many opportunities exist to leverage additive manufacturing technology for design improvement, structural component fabrication with additive technologies must demonstrate reliability and integrity sufficient to satisfy certification authorities in order to open the door for use on flight vehicles. This certification challenge is formidable given the large number of process parameters, the magnitude of process variability, and the sensitivity of mechanical properties to these process variables. Historical precedent in certification of other materials and processes, such as composites, castings, and welded joints that exhibit sensitivity to parameters, geometry, and operator skill provides a guide to certification of additive structures. This paper discusses certification processes for these components and applies lessons and methods from them to develop a strategy to certify an additively manufactured structural fitting component.Item Director Reputation, Ceo-Board Power, And The Dynamics Of Board Interlocks(1996-09) Zajac, E. J.; Westphal, J. D.; Westphal, James D.This study advances research on CEO-board relationships, interlocking directorates, and director reputation by examining how contests for intraorganizational power can affect interorganizational ties. We propose that powerful top managers seek to maintain their control by selecting and retaining board members with experience on other, passive boards and excluding individuals with experience on more active boards. We also propose that powerful boards similarly seek to maintain their control by favoring directors with a reputation for more actively monitoring management and avoiding directors with experience on passive boards. Hypotheses are tested longitudinally using CEO-board data taken from 491 of the largest U.S. corporations over a recent seven-year period. The findings suggest that variation in CEO-board power relationships across organizations has contributed to a segmentation of the corporate director network. We discuss how our perspective can reconcile contrary views and debates on whether increased board control has diffused across large U.S. corporations.(.)Item The Effect Of Travel Loss On Evolutionarily Stable Distributions Of Populations In Space(2011-07) DeAngelis, Donald L.; Wolkowicz, Gail S. K.; Lou, Yuan; Jiang, Yuexin X.; Novak, Mark; Svanback, Richard; Araujo, Márcio S.; Jo, YoungSeung; Cleary, Erin A.; Jiang, Yuexin X.A key assumption of the ideal free distribution (IFD) is that there are no costs in moving between habitat patches. However, because many populations exhibit more or less continuous population movement between patches and traveling cost is a frequent factor, it is important to determine the effects of costs on expected population movement patterns and spatial distributions. We consider a food chain (tritrophic or bitrophic) in which one species moves between patches, with energy cost or mortality risk in movement. In the two-patch case, assuming forced movement in one direction, an evolutionarily stable strategy requires bidirectional movement, even if costs during movement are high. In the N-patch case, assuming that at least one patch is linked bidirectionally to all other patches, optimal movement rates can lead to source-sink dynamics where patches with negative growth rates are maintained by other patches with positive growth rates. As well, dispersal between patches is not balanced (even in the two-patch case), leading to a deviation from the IFD. Our results indicate that cost-associated forced movement can have important consequences for spatial metapopulation dynamics. Relevance to marine reserve design and the study of stream communities subject to drift is discussed.Item The Meaning of Strategy: Part I: The Origin Story (November 2017)(Texas National Security Review, 2017-11) Freedman, LawrenceItem The Meaning of Strategy: Part II: The Objectives (February 2018)(Texas National Security Review, 2018-02) Freedman, LawrenceItem Rethinking Supply Chains as Neighborhoods(Journal of Intercultural Management and Ethics, 2020) Kammer-Kerwick, Matt; Takasaki, Kara; Kellison, Bruce; Pogue, Gregory P.; Markman, Arthur B.This paper explores the implication of a neighborhood model for interfirm interactions that explicitly tries to create an equality matching relationship among firms in an industry. The aim is to examine what would happen if these firms worked to gain trust with each other with an eye toward maximizing the value of the collaboration across projects rather than just maximizing revenues in individual projects. A review of extant literature and an analysis of in-depth interviews yielded three actionable strategies that support the creation of a sustainable neighborhood in the construction industry: 1) Hub Strategy, 2) Trust Exercise Strategy, and 3) Sustainable Neighborhood Strategy. As envisioned in this study, the hub is a concentrated, inter-organizational structure for supply chain participants in large, complex projects. Importantly, hub members engage in a variety of technical activities that infuse ongoing and future projects with innovation, scope optimization, and operational efficiencies. Additionally, other activities within the hub are designed to purposefully allow participants to develop trust through collaboration before or outside of their primary contractual engagements. At present, this model has been examined for construction megaprojects, but the general neighborhood concept could be applied to many different industries and settings including manufacturing supply chains and collaborations among communities engaging in economic development. Future work will explore whether mechanisms like the hub and trust exercises can be applied in these other settings as well.Item Rising Conflicts: An Analysis Of Cold War Proxy Wars And Their Modern Application(2019-05-01) Venkatraj, Karna; MacMillan, DouglandSince the end of World War II, regional and super powers alike have increasingly engaged in proxy conflicts. The Cold War represented a period of conflict characterized by a bipolar world and stark ideological differences. This environment resulted in ubiquitous proxy conflicts across the world. With the costs of direct warfare increasing because of economic interdependence and the rise of regional powers, the United States, once again, faces an environment conducive to the spread of proxy conflicts. This thesis aims to case study the Greek Civil War and The Congo Crisis to understand the strategic objectives of proxy wars and derive historical strategic lessons. Then, with those strategic considerations in mind, the thesis will propose a prescriptive matrix based on how the United States has engaged in previous proxy wars and future strategic objectives. Finally, the thesis will apply this matrix to current proxy war in Yemen to assess the utility of a catch-all strategic matrix. The aim of the thesis lies in whether or not proxy conflicts can have a normalized, streamlined response from the United States.Item Selection-Based Learning: The Coevolution Of Internal And External Selection In High-Velocity Environments(2004-03) Henderson, A. D.; Stern, I.; Henderson, Andrew D.; Stern, IthaiTo understand the effects of selection on firm-level learning, this study synthesizes two contrasting views of evolution. Internal selection theorists view managers in multiproduct firms as the primary agents of evolutionary change because they decide whether individual products and technologies are retained or eliminated. In contrast, external selection theorists contend that the environment drives evolution because it determines whether entire firms live or die. Though these theories differ, they describe tightly interwoven processes. In assessing the coevolution of internal and external selection among personal computer manufacturers across a 20-year period, we found that (1) firms learned cumulatively and adaptively from internal and partial external selection, the latter occurring when the environment killed part but not all of a firm; (2) internal and partial external selection coevolved, as each affected the other's future rate and the odds of firm failure; (3) partial external selection had a greater effect on future outcomes than internal selection; and (4) the lessons gleaned from prior selection were reflected in a firm's ability to develop new products, making that an important mediator between past and future selection events.Item Trump's National Security Strategy: A Critics Dream (February 2018)(Texas National Security Review, 2018-02) Ashford, Emma; Itzkowitz Shifrinson, Joshua R.