Browsing by Subject "nickel"
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Item Exceptionally Efficient Catalytic Hydrodechlorination of Persistent Organic Pollutants: Application of New Sterically Shielded Palladium Carbene Complexes(2014-10) Saberov, Vagiz Sh.; Evans, Daniel A.; Korotkikh, Nikolai I.; Cowley, Alan H.; Pekhtereva, Tatyana M.; Popov, Anatolii F.; Shvaika, Oles P.; Evans, Daniel A.; Cowley, Alan H.A new sterically shielded carbene with branched aromatic substituents (9a) and two palladium halogenide complexes have been prepared. The single crystal X-ray structures of free carbene 9a and palladium carbene complexes 10b and 11a were determined. Very high catalytic efficiencies were evident for the sterically shielded palladium carbene complexes 10b and 11a,b when the latter complexes were employed as catalysts for hydrodechlorination of the chloroarenes p-dichlorobenzene and hexachlorobenzene. When optimized, the foregoing approach is significantly more effective than those of currently known transition metal carbene complexes. The most active catalysts were found to be the monocarbene complexes of palladium chloride and iodide, both of which feature highly branched aromatic substituents (11a,b).Item Power Systems Study for Two Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket Applications(American Society of Civil Engineers, 2002) Meintanis, E.; Bengtson, R.D.; Hebner, R.E.In this study, we analyze the power storage systems needed for operational tests of a Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket (VASIMR) on the International Space Station (ISS). Two tests are considered: a short-term test of VASIMR operation in a space environment and long term drag compensation operation. Energy storage possibilities examined include nickel hydrogen, nickel cadmium, and lithium-ion batteries and flywheels. For the near-term planned tests, all approaches are technically feasible with Ni-Cd batteries likely least expensive. For use in drag compensation, ten-year operation is beyond the capability of any battery system without battery replacement. For this long-term multi-cycle application the flywheel energy storage costs can be significantly lowerItem Syntheses of Sterically Shielded Stable Carbenes of the 1,2,4-Triazole Series and their Corresponding Palladium Complexes: Efficient Catalysts for Chloroarene Hydrodechlorination(2014-11) Glinyanay, Nataliya V.; Saberov, Vagiz S.; Korotkikh, Nikolai I.; Cowley, Alan H.; Butorac, Rachel R.; Evans, Daniel A.; Pekhtereva, Tatyana M.; Popov, Anatolii F.; Shvaika, Oles P.; Cowley, Alan H.; Butorac, Rachel R.; Evans, Daniel A.The new sterically shielded 1,3,4-trisubstituted 1,2,4-triazol-5-ylidenes 8b-d were synthesized by a three step method starting from 2-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole. The syntheses of palladium complexes 9a-d and 10a-d (including the sterically shielded derivatives 9c,d and 10a-d) were carried out via the reactions of the stable carbenes 8a-d with palladium halogenide salts in THF or toluene solution. Complexes 9c,d and 10a-d were found to be excellent catalysts for the reductive dechlorination (hydrodechlorination) of p-dichlorobenzene. The structures of 8c, 9a,b, and 10a were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.