Browsing by Subject "model"
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Item 2006 Whole Earth Telescope Observations Of GD358: A New Look At The Prototype DBV(2009-03) Provencal, J. L.; Montgomery, Michael H.; Kanaan, A.; Shipman, H. L.; Childers, D.; Baran, A.; Kepler, S. O.; Reed, M.; Zhou, A.; Eggen, J.; Watson, T. K.; Winget, D. E.; Thompson, Susan E.; Riaz, B.; Nitta, Atsuko; Kleinman, S. J.; Crowe, R.; Slivkoff, J.; Sherard, P.; Purves, N.; Binder, P.; Knight, R.; Kim, S. L.; Chen, W. P.; Yang, M.; Lin, H. C.; Lin, C. C.; Chen, C. W.; Jiang, X. J.; Sergeev, A. V.; Mkrtichian, D.; Andreev, M.; Janulis, R.; Siwak, M.; Zola, S.; Koziel, D.; Stachowski, G.; Paparo, M.; Bognar, Z.; Handler, G.; Lorenz, D.; Steininger, B.; Beck, P.; Nagel, T.; Kusterer, D.; Hoffman, A.; Reiff, E.; Kowalski, R.; Vauclair, G.; Charpinet, S.; Chevreton, M.; Solheim, J. E.; Pakstiene, E.; Fraga, L.; Dalessio, J.; Montgomery, Michael H.; Winget, D. E.We report on the analysis of 436.1 hr of nearly continuous high-speed photometry on the pulsating db white dwarf GD358 acquired with the Whole Earth Telescope (WET) during the 2006 international observing run, designated XCOV25. The Fourier transform (FT) of the light curve contains power between 1000 and 4000 mu Hz, with the dominant peak at 1234 mu Hz. We find 27 independent frequencies distributed in 10 modes, as well as numerous combination frequencies. Our discussion focuses on a new asteroseismological analysis of GD358, incorporating the 2006 data set and drawing on 24 years of archival observations. Our results reveal that, while the general frequency locations of the identified modes are consistent throughout the years, the multiplet structure is complex and cannot be interpreted simply as l = 1 modes in the limit of slow rotation. The high-k multiplets exhibit significant variability in structure, amplitude and frequency. Any identification of the m components for the high-k multiplets is highly suspect. The k = 9 and 8 modes typically do show triplet structure more consistent with theoretical expectations. The frequencies and amplitudes exhibit some variability, but much less than the high-k modes. Analysis of the k = 9 and 8 multiplet splittings from 1990 to 2008 reveal a long-term change in multiplet splittings coinciding with the 1996 sforzando event, where GD358 dramatically altered its pulsation characteristics on a timescale of hours. We explore potential implications, including the possible connections between convection and/or magnetic fields and pulsations. We suggest future investigations, including theoretical investigations of the relationship between magnetic fields, pulsation, growth rates, and convection.Item A Streamline-Concentration Balance Model for In-Situ Uranium Leaching and Site Restoration(University of Texas at Austin, 1981-03) Bommer, P.M.; Schechter, R.S.; Humenick, M.J.Item Alignment of Patient and Primary Care Practice Member Perspectives of Chronic Illness Care: A Cross-Sectional Analysis(2014-03) Noel, Polly H.; Parchman, Michael L.; Palmer, Ray F.; Romero, Raquel L.; Leykum, Luci K.; Lanham, Holly J.; Zeber, John E.; Bowers, Krista W.; Lanham, Holly J.Little is known as to whether primary care teams' perceptions of how well they have implemented the Chronic Care Model (CCM) corresponds with their patients' own experience of chronic illness care. We examined the extent to which practice members' perceptions of how well they organized to deliver care consistent with the CCM were associated with their patients' perceptions of the chronic illness care they have received. Methods: Analysis of baseline measures from a cluster randomized controlled trial testing a practice facilitation intervention to implement the CCM in small, community-based primary care practices. All practice "members" (i.e., physician providers, non-physician providers, and staff) completed the Assessment of Chronic Illness Care(ACIC) survey and adult patients with 1 or more chronic illnesses completed the Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) questionnaire. Results: Two sets of hierarchical linear regression models accounting for nesting of practice members (N = 283) and patients (N = 1,769) within 39 practices assessed the association between practice member perspectives of CCM implementation (ACIC scores) and patients' perspectives of CCM (PACIC). ACIC summary score was not significantly associated with PACIC summary score or most of PACIC subscale scores, but four of the ACIC subscales [Self- management Support (p < 0.05); Community Linkages (p < 0.02), Delivery System Design (p < 0.02), and Organizational Support (p < 0.02)] were consistently associated with PACIC summary score and the majority of PACIC subscale scores after controlling for patient characteristics. The magnitude of the coefficients, however, indicates that the level of association is weak. Conclusions: The ACIC and PACIC scales appear to provide complementary and relatively unique assessments of how well clinical services are aligned with the CCM. Our findings underscore the importance of assessing both patient and practice member perspectives when evaluating quality of chronic illness care. Trial registration: NCT00482768Item An Evaluation of a Two-Dimensional Model for Transport of a Slug Release in a Meandering Channel(University of Texas at Austin, 1985-10) Bird, S.L.; Holley, E.R.Item An Urban Runoff Model for Tulsa, Oklahoma(University of Texas at Austin, 1978-08) Beard, L.R.Item Anomalous structure and dynamics of the Gaussian-core fluid(2009-04) Krekelberg, William P.; Kumar, Tanuj; Mittal, Jeetain; Errington, Jeffrey R.; Truskett, Thomas M.; Krekelberg, William P.; Kumar, Tanuj; Truskett, Thomas M.It is known that there are thermodynamic states for which the Gaussian-core fluid displays anomalous properties such as expansion upon isobaric cooling (density anomaly) and increased single-particle mobility upon isothermal compression (self-diffusivity anomaly). Here, we investigate how temperature and density affect its short-range translational structural order, as characterized by the two-body excess entropy. We find that there is a wide range of conditions for which the short-range translational order of the Gaussian-core fluid decreases upon isothermal compression (structural order anomaly). As we show, the origin of the structural anomaly is qualitatively similar to that of other anomalous fluids (e.g., water or colloids with short-range attractions) and is connected to how compression affects static correlations at different length scales. Interestingly, we find that the self-diffusivity of the Gaussian-core fluid obeys a scaling relationship with the two-body excess entropy that is very similar to the one observed for a variety of simple liquids. One consequence of this relationship is that the state points for which structural, self-diffusivity, and density anomalies of the Gaussian-core fluid occur appear as cascading regions on the temperature-density plane; a phenomenon observed earlier for models of waterlike fluids. There are, however, key differences between the anomalies of Gaussian-core and waterlike fluids, and we discuss how those can be qualitatively understood by considering the respective interparticle potentials of these models. Finally, we note that the self-diffusivity of the Gaussian-core fluid obeys different scaling laws depending on whether the two-body or total excess entropy is considered. This finding, which deserves more comprehensive future study, appears to underscore the significance of higher-body correlations for the behavior of fluids with bounded interactions.Item Antibody-Independent Isolation of Circulating Tumor Cells by Continuous-Flow Dielectrophoresis(2013-01) Shim, Sangjo; Stemke-Hale, Katherine; Tsimberidou, Apostolia M.; Noshari, Jamileh; Anderson, Thomas E.; Gascoyne, Peter R. C.; Shim, Sangjo; Noshari, Jamileh; Anderson, Thomas E.; Gascoyne, Peter R. C.Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are prognostic markers for the recurrence of cancer and may carry molecular information relevant to cancer diagnosis. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) has been proposed as a molecular marker-independent approach for isolating CTCs from blood and has been shown to be broadly applicable to different types of cancers. However, existing batch-mode microfluidic DEP methods have been unable to process 10 ml clinical blood specimens rapidly enough. To achieve the required processing rates of 106 nucleated cells/min, we describe a continuous flow microfluidic processing chamber into which the peripheral blood mononuclear cell fraction of a clinical specimen is slowly injected, deionized by diffusion, and then subjected to a balance of DEP, sedimentation and hydrodynamic lift forces. These forces cause tumor cells to be transported close to the floor of the chamber, while blood cells are carried about three cell diameters above them. The tumor cells are isolated by skimming them from the bottom of the chamber while the blood cells flow to waste. The principles, design, and modeling of the continuous-flow system are presented. To illustrate operation of the technology, we demonstrate the isolation of circulating colon tumor cells from clinical specimens and verify the tumor origin of these cells by molecular analysis. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4774304]Item The APEX Quantitative Proteomics Tool: Generating Protein Quantitation Estimates from LC-MS/MS Proteomics Results(2008-12) Braisted, John C.; Kuntumalla, Srilatha; Vogel, Christine; Marcotte, Edward M.; Rodrigues, Alan R.; Wang, Rong; Huang, Shih0Ting; Ferlanti, Erik S.; Saeed, Alexander I.; Fleischmann, Robert D.; Peterson, Scott N.; Pieper, Rembert; Vogel, Christine; Marcotte, Edward M.Mass spectrometry (MS) based label-free protein quantitation has mainly focused on analysis of ion peak heights and peptide spectral counts. Most analyses of tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) data begin with an enzymatic digestion of a complex protein mixture to generate smaller peptides that can be separated and identified by an MS/MS instrument. Peptide spectral counting techniques attempt to quantify protein abundance by counting the number of detected tryptic peptides and their corresponding MS spectra. However, spectral counting is confounded by the fact that peptide physicochemical properties severely affect MS detection resulting in each peptide having a different detection probability. Lu et al. (2007) described a modified spectral counting technique, Absolute Protein Expression (APEX), which improves on basic spectral counting methods by including a correction factor for each protein (called O(i) value) that accounts for variable peptide detection by MS techniques. The technique uses machine learning classification to derive peptide detection probabilities that are used to predict the number of tryptic peptides expected to be detected for one molecule of a particular protein (O(i)). This predicted spectral count is compared to the protein's observed MS total spectral count during APEX computation of protein abundances. Results: The APEX Quantitative Proteomics Tool, introduced here, is a free open source Java application that supports the APEX protein quantitation technique. The APEX tool uses data from standard tandem mass spectrometry proteomics experiments and provides computational support for APEX protein abundance quantitation through a set of graphical user interfaces that partition thparameter controls for the various processing tasks. The tool also provides a Z-score analysis for identification of significant differential protein expression, a utility to assess APEX classifier performance via cross validation, and a utility to merge multiple APEX results into a standardized format in preparation for further statistical analysis. Conclusion: The APEX Quantitative Proteomics Tool provides a simple means to quickly derive hundreds to thousands of protein abundance values from standard liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry proteomics datasets. The APEX tool provides a straightforward intuitive interface design overlaying a highly customizable computational workflow to produce protein abundance values from LC-MS/MS datasets.Item Bayesian Estimation of Intensity Surfaces on the Sphere via Needlet Shrinkage and Selection(2011) Scott, James G.; Scott, James G.This paper describes an approach for Bayesian modeling in spherical datasets. Our method is based upon a recent construction called the needlet, which is a particular form of spherical wavelet with many favorable statistical and computational properties. We perform shrinkage and selection of needlet coefficients, focusing on two main alternatives: empirical-Bayes thresholding, and Bayesian local shrinkage rules. We study the performance of the proposed methodology both on simulated data and on two real data sets: one involving the cosmic microwave background radiation, and one involving the reconstruction of a global news intensity surface inferred from published Reuters articles in August, 1996. The fully Bayesian approach based on robust, sparse shrinkage priors seems to outperform other alternatives.Item Beauty Is In The Eye Of The Beholder: The Impact Of Organizational Identification Identity And Image On The Cooperative Behaviors Of Physicians(2002-09) Dukerich, J. M.; Golden, B. R.; Shortell, S. M.; Dukerich, Janet M.We use an established model of organizational identification to try to understand the voluntary cooperative behavior of professionals in organizations. We examined the relationships among physicians assessments of the attractiveness of a health care system's perceived identity and construed external image, strength of system identification, and cooperative behaviors. We surveyed 1,504 physicians affiliated with three health care systems and collected follow-up data from 285 physicians a year later. Attractiveness of perceived identity and construed external image were positively related to physicians' identification with the system, which in turn was positively related to cooperative behavior. Extensions to the model of organizational identification are suggested.Item Before and After Studies on the Effects of a Power Plant Installation on Lake LBJ: A Numerical Temperature Model for Lake LBJ(University of Texas at Austin, 1971-12) Park, G.G.; Schmidt, P.S.Item Before and After Studies on the Effects of a Power Plant Installation on Lake Lyndon B. Johnson: Before Studies, Volume III - Temperature Modeling(University of Texas at Austin, 1975-06) Fruh, E.G.; Maguire, B. Jr; Schmidt, P.S.; Hubbs, C.Item Capacity Expansion Model of Water Resource Facilities for a Major River System(University of Texas at Austin, 1975-04-15) Himmelblau, D.M.; Lesso, W.G.Item Chemical Similarities Between Galactic Bulge And Local Thick Disk Red Giant Stars(2008-06) Melendez, J.; Asplund, M.; Alves-Brito, A.; Cunha, K.; Barbuy, B.; Bessell, M. S.; Chiappini, C.; Freeman, K. C.; Ramirez, I.; Smith, V. V.; Yong, D.; Ramirez, I.Context. The evolution of the Milky Way bulge and its relationship with the other Galactic populations is still poorly understood. The bulge has been suggested to be either a merger-driven classical bulge or the product of a dynamical instability of the inner disk. Aims. To probe the star formation history, the initial mass function and stellar nucleosynthesis of the bulge, we performed an elemental abundance analysis of bulge red giant stars. We also completed an identical study of local thin disk, thick disk and halo giants to establish the chemical differences and similarities between the various populations. Methods. High-resolution infrared spectra of 19 bulge giants and 49 comparison giants in the solar neighborhood were acquired with Gemini/Phoenix. All stars have similar stellar parameters but cover a broad range in metallicity. A standard 1D local thermodynamic equilibrium analysis yielded the abundances of C, N, O and Fe. A homogeneous and differential analysis of the bulge, halo, thin disk and thick disk stars ensured that systematic errors were minimized. Results. We confirm the well-established differences for [O/Fe] (at a given metallicity) between the local thin and thick disks. For the elements investigated, we find no chemical distinction between the bulge and the local thick disk, which is in contrast to previous studies relying on literature values for disk dwarf stars in the solar neighborhood. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that the bulge and local thick disk experienced similar, but not necessarily shared, chemical evolution histories. We argue that their formation timescales, star formation rates and initial mass functions were similar.Item A Comparative Astrochemical Study Of The High-Mass Protostellar Objects NGC 7538 IRS 9 And IRS 1(2012-10) Barentine, John C.; Lacy, John H.; Barentine, John C.; Lacy, John H.We report the results of a spectroscopic study of the high-mass protostellar object NGC 7538 IRS 9 and compare our observations to published data on the nearby object NGC 7538 IRS 1. Both objects originated in the same molecular cloud and appear to be at different points in their evolutionary histories, offering an unusual opportunity to study the temporal evolution of envelope chemistry in objects sharing a presumably identical starting composition. Observations were made with the Texas Echelon Cross Echelle Spectrograph, a sensitive, high spectral resolution (R = lambda/Delta lambda similar or equal to 100,000) mid-infrared grating spectrometer. Forty-six individual lines in vibrational modes of the molecules C2H2, CH4, HCN, NH3, and CO were detected, including two isotopologues ((CO)-C-13, (CO)-C-12-O-18) and one combination mode (nu(4) + nu(5) C2H2). Fitting synthetic spectra to the data yielded the Doppler shift, excitation temperature, Doppler b parameter, column density, and covering factor for each molecule observed; we also computed column density upper limits for lines and species not detected, such as HNCO and OCS. We find differences among spectra of the two objects likely attributable to their differing radiation and thermal environments. Temperatures and column densities for the two objects are generally consistent, while the larger line widths toward IRS 9 result in less saturated lines than those toward IRS 1. Finally, we compute an upper limit on the size of the continuum-emitting region (similar to 2000 AU) and use this constraint and our spectroscopy results to construct a schematic model of IRS 9.Item A Conservative Discontinuous Galerkin Scheme With O(N-2) Operations In Computing Boltzmann Collision Weight Matrix(2014-07) Gamba, I. M.; Zhang, C. L.; Gamba, Irene M.; Zhang, ChenglongIn the present work, we propose a deterministic numerical solver for the homogeneous Boltzmann equation based on Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) methods. The weak form of the collision operator is approximated by a quadratic form in linear algebra setting. We employ the property of >shifting symmetry> in the weight matrix to reduce the computing complexity from theoretical O(N-3) down to O(N-2), with N the total number of freedom for d-dimensional velocity space. In addition, the sparsity is also explored to further reduce the storage complexity. To apply lower order polynomials and resolve loss of conserved quantities, we invoke the conservation routine at every time step to enforce the conservation of desired moments (mass, momentum and/or energy), with only linear complexity. Due to the locality of the DG schemes, the whole computing process is well parallelized using hybrid OpetiMP and MPI. The current work only considers integrable angular cross-sections under elastic and/or inelastic interaction laws. Numerical results on 2-D and 3-D problems are shown.Item Contemporary Seismicity in and Around the Yakima Fold-and-Thrust Belt in Eastern Washington(2012-02) Gomberg, J.; Sherrod, B.; Trautman, M.; Burns, E.; Snyder, D.; Trautman, M.We examined characteristics of routinely cataloged seismicity from 1970 to the present in and around the Yakima fold-and-thrust belt (YFTB) in eastern Washington to determine if the characteristics of contemporary seismicity provide clues about regional-scale active tectonics or about more localized, near-surface processes. We employed new structural and hydrologic models of the Columbia River basalts (CRB) and found that one-third to one-half of the cataloged earthquakes occur within the CRB and that these CRB earthquakes exhibit significantly more clustered, and swarmlike, behavior than those outside. These results and inferences from published studies led us to hypothesize that clustered seismicity is likely associated with hydrologic changes in the CRB, which hosts the regional aquifer system. While some general features of the regional groundwater system support this hypothesis, seismicity patterns and mapped long-term changes in groundwater levels and present-day irrigation neither support nor refute it. Regional tectonic processes and crustal-scale structures likely influence the distribution of earthquakes both outside and within the CRB as well. We based this inference on qualitatively assessed alignments between the dominant northwest trends in the geologic structure and the seismicity generally and between specific faults and characteristics of the 2009 Wooded Island swarm and aseismic slip, which is the only cluster studied in detail and the most vigorous since regional monitoring began.Item Cosmic Microwave Background-Weak Lensing Correlation: Analytical and Numerical Study of Nonlinearity and Implications for Dark Energy(2008-04) Nishizawa, Atushi J.; Komatsu, Eiichiro; Yoshida, Naoki; Takahashi, Ryuichi; Sugiyama, Naoshi; Komatsu, EiichiroEvolution of density fluctuations yields secondary anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background ( CMB), which are correlated with the same density fluctuations that can be measured by weak lensing (WL) surveys. We study the CMB-WL correlation induced by the integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect and its nonlinear extension, the Rees-Sciama (RS) effect, using analytical models as well as N-body simulations. We show that an analytical model based on the time derivative of matter power spectrum agrees with simulations. All-sky cosmic-variance-limited CMB and WL surveys allow us to measure the correlation from the nonlinear RS effect with high significance (50 sigma) for l(max) = 10(4) whereas forthcoming missions such as Planck and LSST are expected to yield 4 l p 10 1.5 sigma detections, on the assumption of that the point-source contributions are negligible. We find that the CMB-WL correlation has a characteristic scale which is sensitive to the nature of dark energy.Item Couldn't or Wouldn't? the Influence of Privacy Concerns and Self-Efficacy in Privacy Management on Privacy Protection(2015-01) Chen, Hsuan-Ting; Chen, Wenhong; Chen, WenhongSampling 515 college students, this study investigates how privacy protection, including profile visibility, self-disclosure, and friending, are influenced by privacy concerns and efficacy regarding one's own ability to manage privacy settings, a factor that researchers have yet to give a great deal of attention to in the context of social networking sites (SNSs). The results of this study indicate an inconsistency in adopting strategies to protect privacy, a disconnect from limiting profile visibility and friending to self-disclosure. More specifically, privacy concerns lead SNS users to limit their profile visibility and discourage them from expanding their network. However, they do not constrain self-disclosure. Similarly, while self-efficacy in privacy management encourages SNS users to limit their profile visibility, it facilitates self-disclosure. This suggests that if users are limiting their profile visibility and constraining their friending behaviors, it does not necessarily mean they will reduce self-disclosure on SNSs because these behaviors are predicted by different factors. In addition, the study finds an interaction effect between privacy concerns and self-efficacy in privacy management on friending. It points to the potential problem of increased risk-taking behaviors resulting from high self-efficacy in privacy management and low privacy concerns.Item A dc arc model for series faults in low voltage microgrids(IEEE, 2012-12) Uriarte, F.M.; Gattozzi, A.L.; Herbst, J.D.; Estes, H.B.; Hotz, T.J.; Kwasinski, A.; Hebner, R.E.This paper presents a dc arc model to simplify the study of a critical issue in dc microgrids: series faults. The model is derived from a hyperbolic approximation of observed arc voltage and current patterns, which permit analyzing the arc in terms of its resistance, power, energy, and quenching condition. Recent faults staged by the authors on a dc microgrid yielded enough data to develop an arc model for three fault types: constant-gap speed, fixed-gap distance, and accelerated gap. The results in this paper compare experimental and simulation results for the three fault types. It is concluded that because the instantaneous voltage, current, power, and energy waveforms produced by the model agree well with experimental results, the model is suitable for transient simulations.