Browsing by Subject "gardens"
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Item Healing Gardens: Humanizing The Design Of Modern Hospitals(2019-05-01) Quintanilla, Aaron; Speck, LarryIn concert with scientific developments regarding the efficacy of nature as a tool for healing, there has been a shift in how architects are approaching the design of urban hospitals to implement nature into their circuitry. This paper will be divided into three parts and each will contribute towards the main question of the thesis: How has architecture and nature been used in the past and present in health care and are their effects on the patient’s experience significant? The first part will look at the architectural theory, Functionalism, and its role in the humanizing of architecture Secondly, literature that focuses on the restorative effects of gardens and nature on the body and mind will be examined. In the final part, I plan to explore the theoretical framework behind humans’ inclination and responsiveness to nature, patient responsiveness and outcomes from interactions with green space, and lastly, the design features for green spaces which are most conducive for healing. The conclusions reached are that exposure to nature and gardens are highly beneficial to an individual’s health outcomes. The inclusion of healing gardens is a reflection of human-oriented design, a quality of modern functionalism. Architects should place the human at the center of their design objectives and tailor their blueprints to accommodate the individual.Item Metabolism And The Rise Of Fungus Cultivation By Ants(2014-09) Shik, Jonathan Z.; Santos, Juan C.; Seal, Jon N.; Kay, Adam; Mueller, Ulrich G.; Kaspari, Michael; Mueller, Ulrich G.Most ant colonies are comprised of workers that cooperate to harvest resources and feed developing larvae. Around 50 million years ago (MYA), ants of the attine lineage adopted an alternative strategy, harvesting resources used as compost to produce fungal gardens. While fungus cultivation is considered a major breakthrough in ant evolution, the associated ecological consequences remain poorly understood. Here, we compare the energetics of attine colony-farms and ancestral hunter-gatherer colonies using metabolic scaling principles within a phylogenetic context. We find two major energetic transitions. First, the earliest lower-attine farmers transitioned to lower mass-specific metabolic rates while shifting significant fractions of biomass from ant tissue to fungus gardens. Second, a transition 20 MYA to specialized cultivars in the higher-attine clade was associated with increased colony metabolism (without changes in garden fungal content) and with metabolic scaling nearly identical to hypometry observed in hunter-gatherer ants, although only the hunter-gatherer slope was distinguishable from isometry. Based on these evolutionary transitions, we propose that shifting living-tissue storage from ants to fungal mutualists provided energetic storage advantages contributing to attine diversification and outline critical assumptions that, when tested, will help link metabolism, farming efficiency, and colony fitness.