Browsing by Subject "fitness"
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Item Compensatory Evolution for a Gene Deletion is Not Limited to its Immediate Functional Network(2009-05) Harcombe, W. R.; Springman, R.; Bull, J. J.; Harcombe, W. R.; Springman, R.; Bull, J. J.Genetic disruption of an important phenotype should favor compensatory mutations that restore the phenotype. If the genetic basis of the phenotype is modular, with a network of interacting genes whose functions are specific to that phenotype, compensatory mutations are expected among the genes of the affected network. This perspective was tested in the bacteriophage T3 using a genome deleted of its DNA ligase gene, disrupting DNA metabolism. Results: In two replicate, long-term adaptations, phage compensatory evolution accommodated the low ligase level provided by the host without reinventing its own ligase. In both lines, fitness increased substantially but remained well below that of the intact genome. Each line accumulated over a dozen compensating mutations during long-term adaptation, and as expected, many of the compensatory changes were within the DNA metabolism network. However, several compensatory changes were outside the network and defy any role in DNA metabolism or biochemical connection to the disruption. In one line, these extra-network changes were essential to the recovery. The genes experiencing compensatory changes were moderately conserved between T3 and its relative T7 (25% diverged), but the involvement of extra-network changes was greater in T3. Conclusion: Compensatory evolution was only partly limited to the known functionally interacting partners of the deleted gene. Thus gene interactions contributing to fitness were more extensive than suggested by the functional properties currently ascribed to the genes. Compensatory evolution offers an easy method of discovering genome interactions among specific elements that does not rest on an a priori knowledge of those elements or their interactions.Item ENLACE: Adult Consent Forms(2023) Latino Research InstituteThis record includes IRB-approved ENLACE adult consent forms, both in English and Spanish.Item ENLACE: Community Asset Mapping to Inform Physical Activity and Health and Safety Promotion Interventions in Lower Rio Grande Colonias(2024-02-01) Latino Research InstituteENLACE is a community-based participatory research project designed to enhance Latina’s engagement in physical activity and promote social support and collective efficacy through access to culturally appropriate, economical physical activity resources in Lower Rio Grande Valley colonias. The multi-level approach to promoting physical activity among this underserved Latina population involves attention to environmental and socio-cultural factors as well as individual attitudes and skills. To assess local residents’ perspectives of their residential environs, we conducted a series of two-part Community Asset Mapping (CAM) sessions in 8 colonias. Promotoras in each community invited women to participate and conducted the CAM sessions. Participants (n=89) ranged from 20 to 60 years of age. In the first session, promotoras guided participants through the process of identifying health and safety concerns, enumerating local assets and resources to address each concern, and locating community resources and assets on a map. In the subsequent session, participants actually visited specific local sites to assess public safety, security and suitability for engaging in physical activity. The major physical and mental health concerns residents identified included obesity, hypertension, asthma, diabetes, stress, depression, feelings of alienation and lack of medical personnel and facilities. Findings from the participatory environmental scans indicated concerns related to lack of green spaces, trash, industrial pollution, and violence. Major assets across the eight colonias were the services and staff of local Community Resource Centers and religious organizations. Findings informed the development of the promotora-delivered physical activity and community health and safety intervention of the study.Item ENLACE: Community Health & Safety (CHS) Group Maintenance Program(2024-02-01) Latino Research InstituteThis record includes the protocol for the delivery of the maintenance program for ENLACE participants randomized into the Community Health and Safety(CHS) group. This manual has three sections: (1) CHS Maintenance Protocol; (2) Participant Starter Pack; and (3) CHS Visit and Telephone Contact Materials.Item ENLACE: Community Health & Safety Group (CHS) Intervention Program(2024-02-01) Latino Research InstituteThis record includes the curriculum guide and presentation for the intervention delivery for ENLACE participants randomized into the Community Health and Safety group. Study materials are available in English and Spanish.Item ENLACE: Community Health & Safety Intervention Training for Promotoras(2024-02-01) Latino Research InstituteThis record includes materials used to train community health workers, or promotoras, in the delivery of the Community Health & Safety group intervention for the ENLACE study. Reference the Community Health & Safety intervention program record for more information about intervention content.Item ENLACE: Community Resource Guides(2024-02-01) Latino Research InstituteThis record includes community resource guides for three different counties in South Texas for ENLACE study participants. Content includes tips to be active, information about city parks, maps, and much more. Booklets are available in English and Spanish.Item ENLACE: Data Collection Visit 1 Forms(2023) Latino Research InstituteEight materials used to collect physical activity data during the first examination visit for participants in the ENLACE study. This includes a consent form, physical activity questionnaire (in English and Spanish), AnthroFitness data sheet, participant contact information sheet, monitor follow-up log (in English and Spanish), and a motion monitor record booklet (in English and Spanish).Item ENLACE: Data Collection Visit 2 Forms(2023) Latino Research InstituteThree materials used to collect physical activity data during the second examination visit for participants in the ENLACE study. This includes a physical activity questionnaire (in English and Spanish) and food frequency questionnaire data sheet.Item ENLACE: Human Subjects Protocol(2023) Latino Research InstituteThis record includes the IRB-approved Human Subjects Protocol used for the ENLACE study.Item ENLACE: In Depth Interview Guides(2024-01-12) Latino Research InstituteThis record includes two in depth interview guides used to assess participant progress in the ENLACE study, including a 16-week post-intervention interview guide and a 40-week post-intervention interview guide. Guides are available in English and Spanish.Item ENLACE: Intervention Mapping(2024-02-01) Latino Research InstituteThis record includes the intervention mapping logic model and behavioral outcome matric for the ENLACE study.Item ENLACE: Media Coverage(2023) Latino Research InstituteThis record includes a press release promoting the ENLACE study by UT Health Science Center at San Antonio.Item ENLACE: Motion Monitor Record Booklet(2024-02-01) Latino Research InstituteThis record includes the Motion Monitor Record Booklet used in the ENLACE study. The booklet provides instructions on how to use the motion monitor, outlines reminders, and has a participant daily log. This material is available in English and Spanish.Item ENLACE: Newsletters (Physical Activity Intervention Maintenance)(2024-01-12) Latino Research InstituteThis record contains five newsletters delivered to participants of the ENLACE study sorted into the physical activity intervention group. Newsletters promote physical activity and exercise, and are available in English and SpanishItem ENLACE: Physical Activity (PA) Group Intervention Program(2024-02-01) Latino Research InstituteThis record includes the curriculum guide and other materials for the intervention delivery for ENLACE participants randomized into the Physical Activity group. This includes a program curriculum, a difficulty scale; yoga flash cards, muscle strengthening flashcards; and a physical activity toolbox. All study materials are available in English and Spanish.Item ENLACE: Physical Activity (PA) Group Maintenance Program(2024-02-01) Latino Research InstituteThis record includes the protocol for the delivery of the maintenance program for ENLACE participants randomized into the Physical Activity (PA) group. This manual has three sections: (1) PA Maintenance Protocol; (2) PA Starter Pack; and (3) PA Visit and Telephone Contact Materials.Item ENLACE: Physical Activity Intervention Training for Promotoras(2024-02-01) Latino Research InstituteThis record includes materials used to train community health workers, or promotoras, in the delivery of the community health & safety group intervention for the ENLACE study. Reference the Physical Activity intervention program record for more information about intervention content.Item ENLACE: Posters and Presentations(2024-01-12) Latino Research InstituteThis record contains materials used to disseminate the findings from the ENLACE study. This includes six poster presentations and five slide deck presentations.Item ENLACE: Promotora Activity Logs(2024-02-01) Latino Research InstituteThis record includes two community health worker, or promotora, activity logs. Logs are available in English and Spanish.