Browsing by Subject "depression"
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Item Actigraphy Monitoring of Sleep Disturbance and Physical Activity in Adults with Depressive Symptoms(2018-11-15) Gandy, LauraItem Attention bias modification for adult depression(2022-11-18) Beevers, ChristopherItem Attention bias modification for adult depression(2022-09-07) Beevers, ChristopherConference talk given at eABCT conference in Barcelona, Spain, Sept 7 - 10, 2022.Item Attentional Engagement and Self-Referent Processing in Depressed Adults(2017-04-07) Dainer-Best, JustinItem The Depression of American Farming Interests(University of Texas at Austin, 1982-02) Dabney, Robert L.Item Effects of post-stroke depression on cognitive and linguistic recovery(2010-05) Amoroso, Jill; Harris, Joyce L.; Marquardt, Thomas P.The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between functional recovery from stroke and depression. Stroke leads to depression both directly (through the location of the lesion) and indirectly (through decreased functional status and aphasia secondary to stroke). Consequently, depression may limit functional recovery and recovery from aphasia. The relationship between decreased functional status post-stroke and depression appears to be bidirectional and mutually-reinforcing (decreased functional status leads to depression and depression limits functional recovery). Similarly, the relationship between aphasia recovery and depression is likely bidirectional and mutually reinforcing. Antidepressants may be useful in disrupting these relationships and thereby improving functional recovery from stroke.Item Elevated C-reactive Protein as a Predictive Marker of Clinical Depression and Anxiety(2024) Oloyo, Jeanelle; Jabbi, MbembaPrevious research has documented an association between elevated peripheral blood inflammation and depression diagnosis and symptom severity1. We investigated the association between inflammation and depression as well as anxiety symptom severity and response to treatment by assessing patients reporting depressive and anxiety symptoms for a period of three to six weeks, with quantified anxiety and depressive symptoms being documented weekly. The depressive and anxiety symptom severities were quantified using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), respectively. The sample included 472 patients (55% male, mean age = 27.5 years, mean duration of stay = 69.4 days, mean baseline MADRS score = 26.1, mean baseline HAM-A score = 19.6), of which 195 individuals reported depressive symptoms, while 198 individuals reported anxiety symptoms. Three blood samples per individual were collected and assessed to detect any elevated inflammatory responses as measured with blood serum levels of C-Reactive protein (CRP). The samples from each group of interest underwent a high-sensitivity assay for CRP levels during the pre-treatment and post-treatment periods. The relationship between patients’ baseline CRP levels/inflammatory responses collected at admission was cross-referenced with their response to treatment during the course stay at a psychiatric rehabilitation clinic as measured with reported symptom severity over time to determine if inflammation was a predictive marker of depression and anxiety treatment responses. We found that elevated CRP levels were positively associated with depressive treatment response as measured with ratings of reduction in depression symptom severity levels over time using the MADRS (p=0.004). In contrast, elevated CRP levels were not significantly associated with anxiety treatment response as measured with ratings of anxiety symptom severity levels over time using the HAM-A (p=0.109). Specifically, high CRP levels at admission correlated with less reduction in depressive symptoms over time, as if the effects of mental health rehabilitation treatment for depression were dampened by increased levels of inflammation as measured with CRP levels at the start of treatment. These findings suggest that baseline CRP levels at admission are a predictive marker for lingering depressive symptom severity over time even in people receiving treatment, but less so for anxiety symptom severity. Numerous limitations regarding the sample pool and the type of treatment administered were present in this study, including the lack of inclusion of healthy controls to account for the effects of low to no inflammation. Race and gender, factors that influence baseline inflammatory levels, were not controlled for when measuring CRP levels in the reported findings. Limitations regarding the structure and sensitivity of the outcome measure scales may have also skewed the reported MADRS and HAM-A scores. Future studies need to control for these limitations in order to better understand the association between inflammation and mental disorder treatment response as measured with symptom severity.Item Executive Functions In Children With ADHD Or Internalizing Symptoms(2018-05) Barnes, EmilyChildren with disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety, or depression often struggle academically and face poorer life outcomes. Impaired cognition in children with disorders could be the result of deficits in executive functions (EFs). EFs are attentional processes that coordinate and control other cognitive processes, and support goal directed behaviors. Large behavioral studies have reported four main factors of EF: inhibitory control, switching, working memory, and updating. Literature is mixed as to whether ADHD and internalizing disorders such as anxiety or depression are related to consistent EF difficulties. The strongest evidence is that ADHD may be linked with inhibitory control and working memory deficits, while anxiety and depression may be linked with switching and working memory deficits. This study examined the relationships between three tests of EF ability and symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and internalizing problems in children, using continuous measures of symptom burdens and EF abilities. Response times on the switching task related most strongly to disorder symptom burdens, with faster responses correlated with lower parent rated ADHD symptom burdens and higher self-rated internalizing symptom burdens. However, these scores were not significantly different based on presence or absence of a diagnosis. Our results indicate that continuous measures of symptom burdens across a large sample of children were more sensitive than diagnostic information in identifying relationships between EF abilities and symptoms of ADHD and internalizing disorders. Results are discussed in the context of diagnosis, EF variability, and child-parent scoring consistency.Item The "eyes" have it: Comparing Pupillary Responses to Complex Emotional Stimuli in Depressed and Non-Depressed Individuals(2018-04-07) Stewart, A. RochelleItem The Gender Paradox: Sex-Based Differences in Adolescent Suicidal Behavior(2023-05) Whittlesey, ClaudiaThis thesis aims to investigate the contributing factors behind the gender paradox in suicidal behavior, specifically in adolescents. This global paradox explains that across all age groups, more cisgender males die by suicide, but cisgender females attempt suicide far more. A literature review was conducted on over one-hundred pieces of scientific literature including systematic reviews, meta-analyses, specific case studies, and more clinical research. Literature was considered that focused on suicide mortality rates, suicide attempt rates, different methods used in suicide attempts and suicides, suicide method accessibility compared to suicide mortality rates, rates of various psychiatric disorders (with potential evidence for underreporting in males), help seeking behaviors, non-suicidal self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (NSSI), and other potential external factors for suicidality and depression. This thesis concluded that although the most widely acknowledged reason behind the gender paradox is the difference in method choice with males choosing more lethal methods, there are many other factors that contribute, and it may be harmfully ignorant to solely account this problem to boys being more likely to pick up guns. These other factors include differences in coping methods and external responses to these behaviors, differences in mental health diagnoses and their symptoms, and differences in impulsivity and help seeking behaviors. Gender-specific help-seeking behavior interventions are ultimately suggested as the most probable way to decrease both male suicide rates and female suicide attempt rates.Item Hogg Foundation News, 2002, Spring, Vol. 36(2002) Hogg Foundation for Mental HealthItem Improving the Measurement of Attention Bias: Assessment of Metrics and New Paradigms(2022-11-20) McNamara, MaryItem The Influence of Video Games on the Mental Health of College Students and Adolescents(2021-05-11) Taylor, Andre; Mackert, MichaelAs video games experience a rise in popularity, the issues of participating in this hobby become more concerning. For mental health, problems with video games can lead to an exacerbating effect on psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression. This thesis gathers sources from across psychology and communication disciplines to determine the effects of video games on the mental health of adolescents and college students. This literature review finds that the effects of video games on the mental health of adolescents and college students are complex. I examined and compared the results of various studies over the last 20 years and offer conclusions and propose solutions to these issues. Using the existing literature, I show that playing video games obsessively can be an issue. However, in the absence of addiction, video games can be used to treat symptoms or aid therapists for mental health issues as they relate to psychiatric disorders. Simply playing video games will generally not affect college students or adolescents negatively. When paired with addiction or obsession, however, video games are correlated with the development of psychiatric disorders. But addiction and obsession are not defined by the amount of time that video games are played. In the case of depression, playing video games through an addiction or obsessively can worsen symptoms or correlate with their development. Some studies show anxiety can be correlated to video game addiction, and others show the opposite result. There is little research in this field of study, and as such, more studies and experiments should investigate this phenomenon. Specifically, research should be done to determine if video game addiction, usage, and psychiatric disorders are correlated and whether video games can be used by health professionals to combat these disorders.Item It's a Gut Feeling: The Gut Microbiome and Depression(2020-05) Islam, RafyaMajor depressive disorder is one of the primary causes of disability worldwide. The disorder involves dysfunction of the brain-gut axis, which refers to the chemical and physical interactions between the brain and the gut. Abnormal gut microbiota composition may cause this dysfunction, in turn causing depression, whereas restoration of such disturbances may alleviate symptoms of the disorder. Current depression research investigates the brain-gut-microbiota axis, and studies indicate that proper functioning of this axis may aid in the prevention and therapy of this disorder.Item Letter to John E. Adams from Mary J Rathbun on 1936-01-07(1936-01-07) Rathbun, Mary JItem Letter to Walter H. Bucher from H.B. Stenzel on 1939-07-19(1939-07-19) Stenzel, Henryk B.Item Mind Over Matter: Application Of The Social-Ecological Model In Understanding Help-Seeking Behavior For Treatment Of Depression And Anxiety In Asian Americans(2019-05-01) Chyu, Joann; Zuniga, JulieThis thesis aims to examine factors that affect help-seeking behavior for the treatment of anxiety and depression among Asian Americans, using the social-ecological model as a framework of analysis. Although Asian Americans have the highest median income and the highest postsecondary graduation rates of all racial groups in the U.S., Asian Americans exhibit lower utilization rates for mental health services than the general U.S. population. Moreover, a significant literature gap exists in the field of Asian American mental health research, highlighting a need to better understand mental health concerns of the Asian American population. A meta-analysis was conducted using the PubMed database. Only English-language studies published in the last 10 years with experimental designs and quantitative results were included. Factors affecting help-seeking behavior were examined across four levels of the social-ecological model: the individual, interpersonal, institutional, and societal levels. On the individual level, etiological beliefs were found to promote help-seeking behavior; on the interpersonal level, peer connection promoted help-seeking attitudes; on the institutional level, financial and language barriers discouraged help-seeking behavior; and on the societal level, stigma and Asian values discouraged help-seeking behavior. Findings were synthesized across multiple levels of the social-ecological model, and compared to those of previous studies on Asian American help-seeking behavior. Lastly, recommendations for reform on each level of the social-ecological model are proposed. Future directions in clinical and research settings are also recommended, in the hopes of improving mental health service utilization among Asian Americans in the future.Item Multifactorial Prediction of Depression(2022-09-10) McNamara, MaryItem Multifactorial Prediction of Depression Diagnosis and Symptom Dimensions(2019-11-23) McNamara, MaryItem Online, Cued Positive Imagery Training Reduces Negatively-Biased Self-Referent Cognition in Depression(2018-05-24) Dainer-Best, Justin