Browsing by Subject "boundaries"
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Item Impacts of Extreme Weather and Climate on Terrestrial Biota(2000-03) Parmesan, Camille; Root, Terry L.; Willig, Michael R.; Parmesan, CamilleClimate is a driver of biotic systems. It affects individual fitness, population dynamics, distribution and abundance of species, and ecosystem structure and function. Regional variation in climatic regimes creates selective pressures for the evolution of locally adapted physiologies, morphological adaptations (e.g., color patterns, surface textures, body shapes and sizes), and behavioral adaptations (e.g., foraging strategies and breeding systems). In the absence of humans, broad-scale, long-term consequences of climatic warming on wild organisms are generally predictable. Evidence from Pleistocene glaciations indicates that most species responded ecologically by shifting their ranges poleward and upward in elevation, rather than evolutionary through local adaptation (e.g., morphological changes). But these broad patterns tell us little about the relative importance of gradual climatic trends as compared to extreme weather events in shaping these processes. Here, evidence is brought forward that extreme weather events can be implicated as mechanistic drivers of broad ecological responses to climatic trends. They are, therefore, essential to include in predictive biological models, such as doubled CO2 scenarios.Item Letter to Charles E. Weaver from H.B. Stenzel on 1944-12-06(1944-12-06) Stenzel, Henryk B.Item Letter to H.B. Stenzel from Charles E. Weaver on 1944-12-15(1944-12-15) Weaver, Charles E.Item Letter to H.B. Stenzel from Virgil E. Barnes on 1962-10-24(1962-10-24) Barnes, Virgil E.Item Letter to H.B. Stenzel from W.A. Mendenhall on 1932-08-04(1932-08-04) Mendenhall, W.A.Item Letter to Virgil E. Barnes from R.H. Nanz on 1962-10-23(1962-10-23) Nanz, R.H.