Browsing by Subject "argon branching ratios"

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Improved Co I Log(gf) Values and Abundance Determinations in the Photospheres of the Sun and Metal-Poor Star HD 84937
(2015-09) Lawler, James E.; Sneden, Christopher; Cowan, John J.; Sneden, Christopher
New emission branching fraction measurements for 898 lines of the first spectrum of cobalt (Co I) are determined from hollow cathode lamp spectra recorded with the National Solar Observatory 1 m Fourier transform spectrometer on Kitt Peak, AZ and a high-resolution echelle spectrometer. Published radiative lifetimes from laser induced fluorescence measurements are combined with the branching fractions to determine accurate absolute atomic transition probabilities for the 898 lines. Hyperfine structure (hfs) constants for levels of neutral Co in the literature are surveyed and selected values are used to generate complete hfs component patterns for 195 transitions of Co I. These new laboratory data are applied to determine the Co abundance in the Sun and metal-poor star HD 84937, yielding log epsilon(Co) = 4.955 +/- 0.007 (sigma = 0.059) based on 82 Co I lines and log epsilon(Co) = 2.785 +/- 0.008 (sigma = 0.065) based on 66 Co I lines, respectively. A Saha or ionization balance test on the photosphere of HD 84937 is performed using 16 UV lines of Co II, and good agreement is found with the Co I result in this metal-poor ([Fe I/H] = -2.32, [Fe II/H] = -2.32) dwarf star. The resulting value of [Co/Fe]= +0.14 supports a rise of Co/Fe at low metallicity that has been suggested in other studies.
Improved Laboratory Transition Probabilities for Ce II, Application to the Cerium Abundances of the Sun and Five R-Process-Rich, Metal-Poor Stars, and Rare Earth Lab Data Summary
(2009-05) Lawler, James E.; Sneden, Christopher; Cowan, John J.; Ivans,, Inese I.; Den Hartog, E. A.; Sneden, Christopher
Recent radiative lifetime measurements accurate to +/- 5% using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) on 43 even-parity and 15 odd-parity levels of Ce II have been combined with new branching fractions measured using a Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) to determine transition probabilities for 921 lines of Ce II. This improved laboratory data set has been used to determine a new solar photospheric Ce abundance, log epsilon = 1.61 +/- 0.01 (sigma = 0.06 from 45 lines), a value in excellent agreement with the recommended meteoritic abundance, log epsilon = 1.61 +/- 0.02. Revised Ce abundances have also been derived for the r-process-rich metal-poor giant stars BD+17 degrees 3248, CS 22892-052, CS 31082-001, HD 115444, and HD 221170. Between 26 and 40 lines were used for determining the Ce abundance in these five stars, yielding a small statistical uncertainty of +/- 0.01 dex similar to the solar result. The relative abundances in the metal-poor stars of Ce and Eu, a nearly pure r-process element in the Sun, matches r-process-only model predictions for solar system material. This consistent match with small scatter over a wide range of stellar metallicities lends support to these predictions of elemental fractions. A companion paper includes an interpretation of these new precision abundance results for Ce as well as new abundance results and interpretation for Pr, Dy, and Tm.
Improved Laboratory Transition Probabilities for Er II and Application to the Erbium Abundances of the Sun and Five R-Process-Rich, Metal-Poor Stars
(2008-09) Lawler, James E.; Sneden, Christopher; Cowan, John J.; Wyart, J. F.; Ivans,, Inese I.; Sobeck, Jennifer S.; Stockett, M. H.; Den Hartog, E. A.; Sneden, Christopher
Recent radiative lifetime measurements accurate to +/- 5% (Stockett et al. 2007, J. Phys. B 40, 4529) using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) on 7 even-parity and 63 odd-parity levels of Er II have been combined with new branching fractions measured using a Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) to determine transition probabilities for 418 lines of Er II. This work moves Er II onto the growing list of rare-earth spectra with extensive and accurate modern transition probability measurements using LIF plus FTS data. This improved laboratory data set has been used to determine a new solar photospheric Er abundance, log epsilon = 0.96 +/- 0.03 (sigma = 0.06 from 8 lines), a value in excellent agreement with the recommended meteoritic abundance, log epsilon = 0.95 +/- 0.03. Revised Er abundances have also been derived for the r-process-richmetal-poor giant stars CS 22892-052, BD + 17 3248, HD 221170, HD 115444, and CS 31082-001. For these five stars the average Er/Eu abundance ratio, < log epsilon(Er/Eu)> = 0.42, is in very good agreement with the solar-system r-process ratio. This study has further strengthened the finding that r-process nucleosynthesis in the early Galaxy, which enriched these metal-poor stars, yielded a very similar pattern to the r-process, which enriched later stars including the Sun.
Improved Log(gf) Values for Lines of Ti I and Abundance Determinations in the Photospheres of the Sun and Metal-Poor Star HD 84937 (Accurate Transition Probabilities for Ti I)
(2013-04) Lawler, James E.; Guzman, A.; Wood, M. P.; Sneden, Christopher; Cowan, John J.; Sneden, Christopher
New atomic transition probability measurements for 948 lines of Ti I are reported. Branching fractions from Fourier transform spectra and from spectra recorded using a 3 m echelle spectrometer are combined with published radiative lifetimes from laser-induced fluorescence measurements to determine these transition probabilities. Generally good agreement is found in comparisons to the NIST Atomic Spectra Database. The new Ti I data are applied to re-determine the Ti abundance in the photospheres of the Sun and metal-poor star HD 84937 using many lines covering a range of wavelength and excitation potential to explore possible non-local thermal equilibrium effects. The variation of relative Ti/Fe abundance with metallicity in metal-poor stars observed in earlier studies is supported in this study.
Improved Log(gf) Values of Selected Lines in Mn I and Mn II for Abundance Determinations in FGK Dwarfs and Giants
(2011-06) Den Hartog, E. A.; Lawler, James E.; Sobeck, Jennifer S.; Sneden, Christopher; Cowan, John J.; Sneden, Christopher
The goal of the present work is to produce transition probabilities with very low uncertainties for a selected set of multiplets of Mn I and Mn II. Multiplets are chosen based upon their suitability for stellar abundance analysis. We report on new radiative lifetime measurements for 22 levels of Mn I from the e(8)D, z(6)P, z(6)D, z(4)F, e(8)S, and e(6)S terms and six levels of Mn II from the z(5)P and z(7)P terms using time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence on a slow atom/ion beam. New branching fractions for transitions from these levels, measured using a Fourier-transform spectrometer, are reported. When combined, these measurements yield transition probabilities for 47 transitions of Mn I and 15 transitions of Mn II. Comparisons are made to data from the literature and to Russell-Saunders (LS) theory. In keeping with the goal of producing a set of transition probabilities with the highest possible accuracy and precision, we recommend a weighted mean result incorporating our measurements on Mn I and II as well as independent measurements or calculations that we view as reliable and of a quality similar to ours. In a forthcoming paper, these Mn I/II transition probability data will be utilized to derive the Mn abundance in stars with spectra from both space-based and ground-based facilities over a 4000 angstrom wavelength range. With the employment of a local thermodynamic equilibrium line transfer code, the Mn I/II ionization balance will be determined for stars of different evolutionary states.
Improved Ti II Log(gf) Values and Abundance Determinations in the Photospheres of the Sun and Metal-Poor Star HD 84937
(2013-10) Wood, M. P.; Lawler, James E.; Sneden, Christopher; Cowan, John J.; Sneden, Christopher
Atomic transition probability measurements for 364 lines of Ti II in the UV through near-IR are reported. Branching fractions from data recorded using a Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) and a new echelle spectrometer are combined with published radiative lifetimes to determine these transition probabilities. The new results are in generally good agreement with previously reported FTS measurements. Use of the new echelle spectrometer, independent radiometric calibration methods, and independent data analysis routines enables a reduction of systematic errors and overall improvement in transition probability accuracy over previous measurements. The new Ti II data are applied to high-resolution visible and UV spectra of the Sun and metal-poor star HD 84937 to derive new, more accurate Ti abundances. Lines covering a range of wavelength and excitation potential are used to search for non-LTE effects. The Ti abundances derived using Ti II for these two stars match those derived using Ti I and support the relative Ti/Fe abundance ratio versus metallicity seen in previous studies.
Improved V I Log(gf) Values and Abundance Determinations in the Photospheres of the Sun and Metal-Poor Star HD 84937
(2014-12) Lawler, James E.; Wood, M. P.; Den Hartog, E. A.; Feigenson, T.; Sneden, Christopher; Cowan, John J.; Sneden, Christopher
New emission branching fraction measurements for 836 lines of the first spectrum of vanadium (V I) are determined from hollow cathode lamp spectra recorded with the National Solar Observatory 1 m Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) and a high-resolution echelle spectrometer. The branching fractions are combined with recently published radiative lifetimes from laser-induced fluorescence measurements to determine accurate absolute atomic transition probabilities for the 836 lines. The FTS data are also used to extract new hyperfine structure A coefficients for 26 levels of neutral vanadium. These new laboratory data are applied to determine the V abundance in the Sun and metal-poor star HD 84937, yielding log epsilon(V) = 3.956 +/- 0.004 (sigma = 0.037) based on 93 V I lines and log epsilon(V) = 1.89 +/- 0.03 (sigma = 0.07) based on nine Vi lines, respectively, using the Holweger-Muller 1D model. These new V I abundance values for the Sun and HD 84937 agree well with our earlier determinations based upon V II.
Improved V II Log(gf) Values, Hyperfine Structure Constants, and Abundance Determinations in the Photospheres of the Sun and Metal-Poor Star HD 84937
(2014-10) Wood, M. P.; Lawler, James E.; Den Hartog, E. A.; Sneden, Christopher; Cowan, John J.; Sneden, Christopher
New experimental absolute atomic transition probabilities are reported for 203 lines of VII. Branching fractions are measured from spectra recorded using a Fourier transform spectrometer and an echelle spectrometer. The branching fractions are normalized with radiative lifetime measurements to determine the new transition probabilities. Generally good agreement is found between this work and previously reported VII transition probabilities. Two spectrometers, independent radiometric calibration methods, and independent data analysis routines enable a reduction in systematic uncertainties, in particular those due to optical depth errors. In addition, new hyperfine structure constants are measured for selected levels by least squares fitting line profiles in the FTS spectra. The new VII data are applied to high resolution visible and UV spectra of the Sun and metal-poor star HD 84937 to determine new, more accurate V abundances. Lines covering a range of wavelength and excitation potential are used to search for non-LTE effects. Very good agreement is found between our new solar photospheric V abundance, log epsilon(V) = 3.95 from 15 VII lines, and the solar-system meteoritic value. In HD 84937, we derive [V/H]= -2.08 from 68 lines, leading to a value of [V/Fe] = 0.24.