Browsing by Subject "Social aggression"
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Item Friends and lovers : competition for social partners(2019-09-19) Wyckoff, Joy Plumeri; Markman, Arthur B.; Buss, David M; Cormack, Lawrence K; Hofmann, JohannSocial relationships grant access to a variety of resources relevant to survival and reproduction. Such resources include access to mates, resources that influence one's mate value (e.g., social status), and direct or indirect benefits provided by mates themselves. Similar resources exist for non-mating social domains as well (e.g., friendships, kinships, business relationships). However, given constraints on time, energy, and cognitive resources, people can only hold a finite number of individuals in their social networks. Therefore, we must strategically deploy competitive tactics in order to acquire and maintain cooperative social relationships. The strategies and tactics employed in competing for social relationships are explored here through an evolutionary lens. In Chapter 1, I introduce the topic of competition for mating and non-mating relationships from an evolutionary perspective. In Chapter 2, I present two studies demonstrating that people are motivated to share information about a rival when it has greater potential to thwart their rival’s mating attempts. I argue that this pattern of findings is indicative of psychological mechanisms for derogating mating rivals. In Chapter 3, I provide two studies that examine sex differences in reactions to victimization of online aggression, which we predicted from evolved defenses for competitor derogation for mates. In Chapter 4, I apply theories derived from mate competition to study competition for friends and strategies to defend relationships from third-party interlopers (i.e., friend poachers). I develop and validate measures for friend attraction, retention, and poaching. In doing so, I demonstrate that tactics used in competition for friends overlap with those used for mate competition (e.g., competitor derogation) and highlight tactics unique to friendships (e.g., including an interloper in one’s social network).Item Glossed lips and glossed over : relational aggression in adolescent girls(2011-05) Salas-Tull, Tamara Jean; Bentley, Keisha L.; Sherry, AlissaRelational aggression is an indirect type of aggression used to damage relationships with others. Adolescent girls frequently encounter this issue, and the ubiquity of technology has expanded the ways in which girls can attack one another, i.e. cyber-bullying. The causes of relational aggression are unknown and could involve a combination of factors, including victim and/or bully psycho-social adjustment, social expectations, or the implicit structure of female friendships in adolescence. The effects range from social anxiety to impacted school performance to depression and suicidality. Groups of friends act much like a family for adolescents in terms of support and intimacy. Using Murray Bowen’s family systems theory as a template, an intervention is proposed where girls are taught techniques that will strengthen relationships with others and themselves.Item The relationship between Machiavellianism, social goals and social aggression(2008-08) Griesemer, Sarah Ricord; Carlson, Cindy I., 1949-Social aggression -- the use of covert forms of aggression such as betrayal, gossip, and rumor-spreading -- has only recently been the focus of research and is not yet well understood. This study hypothesizes that the tactics of socially aggressive children are consistent with the social manipulations of Machiavelli. Niccolo Machiaveli wrote extensively on the coercive techniques he used to gain power, achieve his goals, and defend his country (e.g. Machiavelli, 1513/1968). Christie and Geis (1970), inspired by Machiaveli, began researching a form of social manipulation that they term Machiavellianism. While the similarities in characteristics of Machiavellian and socially aggressive children seem to indicate that they may share behavioral strategies and social goals, there is no research to date that compares these children. Additionally, since little research has examined the goals of social aggression in relational conflict situations this study used a quantitative measure of social goals in order to better understand the purpose of a child's behavior.