Browsing by Subject "Reconciliation"
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Item Grassroots peacemaking : the paradox of “reconciliation” in El Salvador(2011-05) Velásquez Estrada, R. Elizabeth; Speed, Shannon, 1964-; Hale, Charles R.This paper examines how ex-combatants of El Salvador’s 1980-1992 civil war view post-war processes of reconciliation. I demonstrate that contrary to dominant understandings of ongoing political polarization in El Salvador, perpetuated by Salvadoran political parties, many former army and guerrilla combatants are coexisting in the same communities and working together in various ways. I show how the Salvadoran Peace Accords and the apparent political polarization has opened a space for the recreation of social networks and the creation of communities in post-war societies. I call this process “grassroots peacemaking,”emphasizing the everyday negotiations of remembering and creating new social relations in a nation torn apart by war and violence.Item Pathways of reconciliation : evaluating Arab-Jewish Youth Encounter Programs in Israel in an age of political gridlock(2020-05-08) Hecht, Clara; Suri, JeremiEfforts working toward a “peace process” in the Arab-Israeli conflict have become increasingly fruitless, continually resulting in political gridlock and doing little to heal a deeply conflicted and divided society. This report demonstrates the necessity of promoting a process of reconciliation rather than focusing on a top-down political resolution in order to address social and psychological barriers to coexistence that exist among Jews and Arabs living in Israel. The first half of this report discusses intergroup contact theory as a means to conflict reconciliation, which acts as the theoretical foundation for encounter organizations. The second half provides an in-depth analysis of two unique present-day encounter organizations in Israel: Hand in Hand, a network of schools seeking to foster Arab-Jewish relations through shared, bilingual education, and Sadaka-Reut, an Arab-Jewish youth partnership organization working toward a binational society. Both organizations are evaluated based on the extent to which they meet five conditions associated with productive encounters. Recommendations for organizational improvement are made based on each case study’s evaluation.