Browsing by Subject "Men--Psychology"
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Item The influence of parental bonding, male gender role conflict, and affect regulation on adult attachment avoidance : predictors of men's discomfort with intimacy(2008-08) Land, Lee Nathaniel, 1976-; Rochlen, Aaron B.Past research has indicated that masculine socialization norms contribute to avoidance of intimacy in close relationships, which has been proposed to inhibit men’s psychological adjustment. The goal of the current dissertation was to examine associations among parental bonding, gender role conflict, affect regulation capacity, and adult attachment avoidance to describe the dynamic interaction between psychological and societal influences impacting adult attachment style. The present investigation employed a developmental contextual framework used to examine attachment and psychoanalytic theories describing the evolution of characteristic male interpersonal strategies. In the current study, it was proposed that parental bonding would predict adult attachment avoidance, gender role conflict, and affect regulation capacity. It was also hypothesized that both gender role conflict and three distinct affect regulation variables would predict adult attachment avoidance. Finally, the study aimed to test a model proposing that gender role conflict and affect regulation variables mediate the relationship between parental bonding and avoidance of intimacy in romantic relationships. Two hundred and sixty-six undergraduate men completed a series of online surveys and 10 of these individuals participated in open-ended, follow-up interviews. The relationships between study variables were examined with linear regression and mediational analyses. Qualitative data regarding constructs of interest were elicited from interview respondents and interpreted for themes. Results demonstrated partial support for mediation effects, indicating that gender role conflict, emotion regulation suppression, and emotion regulation reappraisal helped to explain the association between maternal bonding care and adult attachment avoidance. In addition, interview themes related to five content areas were described and integrated with implications for future research directions and clinical applications. Results of this study identified significant mechanisms underlying the development of men’s maladaptive discomfort with intimacy in adulthood. Findings revealed through investigation of male interpersonal connections and the origins of specific emotion regulation strategies will assist researchers and clinicians to further elucidate the construct of masculinity from a developmental contextual perspective. Study outcomes indicated that masculine gender role socialization and capacity to regulate affect should be key points of intervention for therapists working with men presenting with relational difficulties linked to early parental attachments.Item Self-rated health status, self-efficacy, motivation, and selected demographics as determinants of health-promoting lifestyle behavior in men 35 to 64 years old : a nursing investigation(1988) Fehir, John Stephen; Pollock, Susan E.Men’s lifestyle habits are a national major public health problem, cause increased morbidity and mortality rates, and cost billions of dollars annually. Knowledge of a healthy lifestyle’s determinants and their relationships could be used to design and test effective intervention strategies that could change lifestyle behavior and enhance men’s health. Health promotion is a major nursing concern but few studies have been conducted to validate theoretical health-promoting determinants in working men. This study's purpose was to determine the extent to which perceived health status, self-efficacy, motivation, and selected demographic variables were related to health-promoting behavior (H-PB) in men. N.J. Pender’s (1987b) Health Promotion Model (HPM), which was expanded to include intrinsic motivation from Cox’s (1982) Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior, was used as the major framework. This cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational study was conducted on 167 mostly married, White men (education M = 15.9 years, SD = 2.4) (household annual income M = $70,204., SD = $41,593.). Data were collected on self-administered questionnaires which contained the self-rated health subindex of the Multilevel Assessment Instrument, the Self-Efficacy Scale, the Health Self- Determinism Index, demographic information, and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP). Analyses included frequencies, correlations, stepwise multiple regression, and canonical correlation. H-PB variance (42.2%) was predicted by perceived health status, self-efficacy, motivation, and marriage, all of which cross-loaded on three significant canonical variates explaining variance (45.4%) in the HPLP subscores that had a cumulative redundancy index of 29.4%. The results partially supported previous research and the relationships posited in the HPM. Socioeconomic status demographic variables were not directly related to the HPM’s cognitive-perceptual variables. Marriage and motivation were major H-PB explanators and predictors. Results demonstrated that men with moderate to high perceived health status, self-efficacy, and motivation acknowledged spousal input concerning health, partially relied on their spouses for health responsibility, and practiced H-PB more than men with different characteristics. Future research should include qualitatively studying marriage’s effects on men’s motivation to practice H-PB, men’s approach to H-PB, and further HPLP testing and revision for a more culturally and socioeconomically relevant instrument