Browsing by Subject "High throughput"
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Item Cryptoraptor : high throughput reconfigurable cryptographic processor for symmetric key encryption and cryptographic hash functions(2014-12) Sayilar, Gokhan; Chiou, DerekIn cryptographic processor design, the selection of functional primitives and connection structures between these primitives are extremely crucial to maximize throughput and flexibility. Hence, detailed analysis on the specifications and requirements of existing crypto-systems plays a crucial role in cryptographic processor design. This thesis provides the most comprehensive literature review that we are aware of on the widest range of existing cryptographic algorithms, their specifications, requirements, and hardware structures. In the light of this analysis, it also describes a high performance, low power, and highly flexible cryptographic processor, Cryptoraptor, that is designed to support both today's and tomorrow's encryption standards. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed cryptographic processor supports the widest range of cryptographic algorithms compared to other solutions in the literature and is the only crypto-specific processor targeting the future standards as well. Unlike previous work, we aim for maximum throughput for all known encryption standards, and to support future standards as well. Our 1GHz design achieves a peak throughput of 128Gbps for AES-128 which is competitive with ASIC designs and has 25X and 160X higher throughput per area than CPU and GPU solutions, respectively.Item Design of a micro-scale selective laser sintering system(2018-06-14) Roy, Nilabh Kumar; Cullinan, Michael; Foong, Chee S; Beaman, Joseph J; Bourell, David; Wang, YaguoMicro and nanoscale additive manufacturing methods employing metals and ceramics have many promising applications in the aerospace, medical device, and electronics industries. However, the present state of art metal additive manufacturing tools have feature-size resolutions of greater than 100 μm, which is too large to precisely control the geometrical and dimensional aspects of the parts they produce. The weakness is particularly profound in application of additive manufacturing to the fabrication of fine pitch interconnects in the packaging and assembly of integrated circuits. A new microscale selective laser sintering (μ-SLS) is being developed in this research to improve the minimum feature-size resolution of metal additively manufactured parts by up to two orders of magnitude, while still maintaining the throughput of traditional additive manufacturing processes. This study presents the research towards the development of the μ-SLS system. For use in the μ-SLS system, identification of an appropriate NP source with desirable properties such as uniform shape and size, low degree of agglomeration, low impurities’ levels and low propensity to oxidize is important for achieving good quality sintered parts. An extensive physical, thermal and chemical characterization to identify the NPs to be employed in the system is presented. The study also includes identification of sintering window (fluence/irradiance and exposure duration) for the NPs selected and investigates the effect of bed temperature on the sintering window. The μ-SLS system employs innovative design features such as the use (1) a precision spreader mechanism to spread layers of nanoparticles uniformly and consistently with sub-μm thickness (2) a micro-mirror based optical system to achieve the desired resolution with a large area patterning capability, (3) a 50 mm range high speed precision XY nano-positioner for stepping and patterning with high throughput (4) a heated wafer chuck to allow for elevated sample temperature to minimize residual stresses due to large thermal gradients and (5) a global positioner to shuttle the sample between the coating and sintering stations. Sintering results demonstrating the resolution and large area patterning capability of the system have been included along with future work that can help in optimizing the process parameters for achieving good sintering with the desired throughputItem Dissolving and coated microneedles as useful drug delivery platforms(2022-04-27) Tarbox, Tamara Nina; Williams, Robert O., III, 1956-; Smyth, Hugh D. C.Microneedles are a useful dosage form that combine key advantages of drug delivery by injection with advantages of transdermal drug delivery, while also overcoming some of the most notable limitations of these two therapeutic delivery modalities. Despite the potential utility of microneedles as a therapeutic dosage form, numerous challenges remain in satisfying the regulatory burden required to achieve FDA marketing approval. In Chapter 1, recent improvements in potentially scalable coating and manufacturing procedures for microneedles were reviewed. Advantages and limitations of certain types of microneedles, along with specific examples of manufacturing techniques were discussed, along with further improvements and regulatory considerations. In Chapter 2, an update on clinical development over the last five years including solid, coated, and dissolving microneedles was presented. Progress and results for selected clinical studies were discussed in detail.Item Femtosecond laser nanoaxotomy lab-on-a-chip for in-vivo nerve regeneration studies(2010-12) Guo, Xun, doctor of mechanical engineering; Ben-Yakar, AdelaSurgery of axons in C. elegans using ultrafast laser pulses, and observing their subsequent regrowth opens a new frontier in neuroscience, since such research holds a great potential for the development of novel therapies and cures to neurodegenerative diseases. In order to make the required large-scale genetic screenings in C. elegans possible and thus obtain statistically significant biological data, an automated laser axotomy system needs to be developed. Microfluidic devices hold the promise of improved throughput by integrating different functional modules into a single chip. The first step to developing a microfluidic device for laser axotomy is to devise an on-chip worm trapping method, which maintains a high degree of immobilization to sever axons without using anesthetics. In this thesis, we present a novel method that uses a thin, deflectable PDMS membrane that individually traps worms in a microfluidic device. Axons can successfully be severed with the same accuracy as those using conventional paralyzing techniques. This device also incorporates recovery chambers for housing worms after surgery and for time-lapse imaging of axonal regrowth without the repeated use of anesthetics. Towards accomplishing an automated, high-throughput laser axotomy system, we developed an improved microfluidic design based on the same mechanical immobilization technique. This second generation device allows for serially processing of a large quantity of worms rapidly using a semi-automated system. Integrated to the opto-mechanical platform, a software program utilizing image processing techniques is developed. This semi-automated program can automatically identify the location of worms, their neuronal cell bodies, focus on the axons of interest, and align the laser beam with the axon via a PID based viso-servo feedback algorithm. Statistic data demonstrate that there is no significant difference in axonal reconnection rates between surgeries performed on-chip and using anesthetics. To improve flow control, a three-dimensional novel microfluidic valve structure is designed and fabricated. This novel valve structure allows for a complete sealing of the flow channel, without degrading optical conditions for imaging and laser ablation in the trapping area. Finally, we developed a prototypical microfluidic assembly that will eventually be able to interface a well-plate to automatically deliver population of worms from individual wells to the automated chip for axotomy. This interface consists of a microfluidic multiplexer to significantly reduce the number of solenoid valves needed to individually address each well.