Browsing by Subject "Heterophobia"
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Item Construction and validation of a self-report measure of gay male heterophobia(2016-08) Provence, Markus Miller; Rochlen, Aaron B.; Beretvas, Susan N; Schallert, Diane L; Ainslie, Ricardo C; Haldeman, Douglas CResearch has shown that the risk of mental health problems among gay men is disproportionately high, and may be linked to decreased social connectedness. The phenomenon of gay male heterophobia (gay men’s fear and avoidance of heterosexual men), may partially contribute to this social disconnection. The theoretical basis for heterophobia stems from prior research on sexual stigma, minority stress, male gender role socialization, gay identity development, and trauma in gay men. The following study presents initial validation efforts towards a much-needed heterophobia scale. A mixed methodology, including focus groups, pilot tests, and online survey administration, was used to develop a 20-item self-report measure. Using exploratory factor analysis, three factors of heterophobia (disconnectedness, expected rejection, and unease/avoidance) were identified and described. Each of these factors was found to be valid and reliable within accepted ranges. Implications for future research and clinical practice, along with limitations, are provided.Item Gay men’s experiences of heterophobia : a mixed-methods investigation(2018-08) Chester, Matthew Ryan; Rochlen, Aaron B.; McCarthy, Christopher; Schallert, Diane; McCrory, Erin; Whittaker, TiffanyHeterophobia, or gay men’s fear or avoidance of straight men, is an overlooked phenomenon that may contribute to gay men’s social isolation and disconnectedness (Haldeman, 2006; Provence, Parent, Rochlen, & Chester, 2018). The present study explored heterophobia in two distinct phases. Phase one employed structural equation modeling to examine associations between heterophobia and constructs relevant to gay men’s experiences of minority stress in a sample of 356 self-identified gay men. Variables included in the model were age, race, education, developmental experiences of rejection from straight men, degree of outness, number of straight male friends, internalized homonegativity, gay-related rejection sensitivity, conformity to masculine norms, experiences of heterosexist harassment and discrimination, gay group identity, and perceived social support. Phase two of my study used qualitative methodologies to interview 11 gay men who scored highly on a heterophobia measure in phase one. My findings are exploratory in nature and contribute to an emerging body of empirical research that` examines gay men’s concerns, fear, or avoidance of straight men. Findings are discussed in context of existing theory and research on heterophobia.