Browsing by Subject "Behavior change"
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Item To conserve or consume : behavior change in residential solar PV owners(2011-12) McAndrews, Kristine Lee; Rai, Varun; Groat, Charles G.A survey of residential solar photovoltaic (PV) adopters in Texas was administered and the results are presented and discussed. A 40% response rate was achieved and 365 complete responses were received. In addition to demographics, the survey uncovered aspects related to the decision-making process, information search, financial attractiveness of PV, and post-installation experience. Peer-effects did not have a large influence on the adoption of residential PV in Texas, but the potential for increasing the number of communication/information channels to increase the adoption rate of PV exists. Adopters experienced little uncertainty at the time of PV installation because sufficient dependable information was available during the search process. Overall, they are satisfied with PV. Contextual factors, such as income and the ability to purchase a PV system rather than lease one, influence behavior. Those who decreased electricity consumption post-adoption were more motivated to adopt by environmental concern and a general interest in energy than those who increased electricity consumption post-adoption. Those who experienced behavior changes also experienced an increase in awareness of electricity use post-adoption, while those who did not experience a behavior change reported no change in awareness post-adoption. Change in awareness of electricity use is less dependent on the attitudinal and contextual factors, such as environmental concern, motivation for adoption, age, and income, that influence consumption change. The potential for further analysis of the survey results is great and will likely yield additional conclusions about the consequences of the adoption of PV. Coupling the survey results with historical electricity bill data will yield stronger conclusions about behavior change. Surveying geographical areas outside of Texas is recommended.Item User-centered design of nutri, a novel goal setting clinical decision support technology to improve the equity of data-driven dietary behavior change interventions in primary care(2021-08-16) Henning, Jacqueline May; Burgermaster, Marissa; Nordquist, EricInterventions for dietary management of chronic disease increasingly leverage smartphone applications with the promise that data-driven personalization will improve effectiveness. However, since these interventions require users to collect, synthesize, and interpret data, users with more resources are more likely to benefit, thereby exacerbating existing health disparities. Multilevel interventions that distribute responsibility for dietary behavior change between patients and providers may improve equity; however, primary care providers (PCPs) lack time and training to elicit, synthesize, and interpret diet data. We hypothesize these limitations can be overcome with clinical decision support (CDS) technology that captures and synthesizes patient diet data into knowledge for PCPs to engage patients in collaborative diet goal setting, an effective behavior change technique. The aim of this study is to identify system requirements that would motivate providers to use a collaborative diet goal setting CDS and evaluate implementation design choices with the CDS prototype. We performed a 2-phase qualitative study with English and Spanish-speaking adult patients and PCPs from a federally qualified health center and an academic clinic in 30 to 60-minute semi-structured generative and usability interviews. We used an iterative design process involving user-experience designers, software engineers, and providers to develop the final CDS prototype. Using inductive thematic analysis, eight PCP and patient themes emerged. From PCP interviews we identified that: (1) Time constraints and patient characteristics influence if PCPs use personalized or generic goal setting, (2) Subjective and non-standardized processes guide personalized goal setting, (3) PCPs regard patient-generated data as an inaccurate and non-holistic representation of the patient’s diet, (4) Current clinical workflows make diet goal setting and monitoring cumbersome. For patients we found that: (1) PCP is seen as an authority figure, (2) Listening and dialog are facilitators for shared decision-making, (3) patients regard diet data as a source of truth, and (4) Goal achievement is distinct from goal setting. These themes, along with refinements identified in usability interviews, guided the iterative design of “Nutri,” a workflow-compatible CDS that synthesizes patient diet data from 24-hour recalls via a series of computational rules and presents diet goals for PCPs to discuss with patients through collaborative goal setting. The results from this study demonstrate the potential of a data-driven CDS for collaborative diet goal setting in primary care. The 2-phase user-centered iterative design process we used to design Nutri demonstrates how usability interviews can refine the operationalization of insights generated from traditional qualitative approaches. Follow-up studies will test Nutri in a clinic setting.