5/9/W-No,6 NOTNORPUBLICATION,BROADCASTORUSEONCLUBTAPES UNTIL0030B.S.T.ONTHURSDAY,4THSEPTEMBER. A.R.P.PROTECTIVECLOTHING Employerscannswobtainwithoutthesurrenderpfcoupons(andfree ofquotarestrictions)theA.R.P.clothingneededbythestafftheyare requiredtoequipundertheCivilDefenceAct.Inordertoobtainthe clothingemployersmustsendtheirsuppliersacertificatesignedbythe authorityresponsibleforsupervisingA.R.P.arrangementsundertheAct, Certificateformsspecifyingtheclothingcoveredbytheschemewill shortlybeobtainablefromthevariousA.R.P.supervisoryauthorities. Thoseemploying30oremployeeswhohavevoluntarilycarried less intoeffectA.R.P.measuresparalleltothoseimposedbytheAct,mayalso obtainsuppliesagainstsignedcertificatesobtainedfromthe coupon-free samesource. Thesecertificatesmaybeusedinsteadofcouponsbyretailerswhen orderingfromtheirsuppliers,Suppliersmaysupplyagainstthe and certificatestheequivalentamountofrationedgoodsexquotafreeef coupons» DIRECTORATEOPCIVILIANCLOTHING •-*MW*•MB MMF-M••»»M--•MMMB 3Z?alNo-.7. - - ■'lssuedinconnectionwithconferencetoddy-addressedtheMinistry'at ofInformation"byJudgeWilliamClark,UnitedStates.FederalJudgeof Appeal. '■ ’••'■• " A BIOGRAPf-Tf•■■■■■ •■■••• '■;\ Bornin'NewJerseyfiftyyearsago.Graduatedfrom'HarvardCollege .andHarvardLawSchoolvri.th’honors.;PractisedlawinNewark;'appointedto theHighCourtoftheState-ofNew'Jersey,hytheGovernor;'to'theUnited StatesDistrict'CourthytheRepublicanPrebidentCoolidge,andtothe■ StatesCourt'ofAppeal's''-(correspondstoaLordjusticeofAppeal) Theseappointmentsmadeat hytheDemocraticPresidentRoosevelt.werea recordearlyagesohehashecnontheBencheighteenyears.Among..thewell- . knowncasesinhisCourtishisdecisiondeclaringtheProhibitionamendment unconstitutional- adecisionwhichresultedinitsrepeal,hytheConvention MethodsuggestedhyJudgeClark,theParkerkidnappingcaseandthecase knownastheCivilLihertiescase,againsttheMayorof Jersey-Cityforthe latter’s■refusaltoallowfred;'speechand■freeassembly.•H. JudgeClarkservedinthelast-'arasaCaptainofLightField■■■ Artilleryandwasdecoratedforgallantryinaction.Hehastriedto re-enlisthutsofarhasbeenrejectedforLastsummerhehelped' ago.- • toorganiseandserveinanolderman’strainingbattalioninthehopeof settinganexample.Inhisuniformas;trainee-,he,withColonelDonovan, . wasaprincipalwitnessbeforeCongressinfavour'of.the-.AmericanConscription Aoi.;.■r:. * ■ . MISSION ThoseintheUnitedStateswhoopposeadeclaredorshootingwar.give threeprincipalreasonsfortheirposition.Theyseemtoprefertohave otherpeopledotheirdyingforthem.Theymakeacuriousclaimthatone ofthepartners,theUnitedStates,wouldkeepallthepartnershipassets' -- ofwarmaterialstoitself;whereasacreditorUnitedStateswould /lend-lcase -2- lend-leasefreely.Thesetwogroundsaremattersofethicsandofopinion. Theirthirdargumentismatteroffact,anditisthatfactIamheretoprove ordisprove.TheU.S.IsolationistssaythatwarinevitablydestroysDemocracy andsoleavesatweedledumandtweedledeechoicebetweenwarandHitler.Ihope, therefore,tostudytheeffectofthiswarontheGovernmentalinstitutionsof theBritishIsles.Ishallexaminetheoperationsofthatcornerstoneofafree Government-itsCourt.IshallattendsessionsofParliament.Ishallsit withvariousCityandCountyCouncilsandIshallenquireintotheworkingof theExecutiveDepartments.Ialsohopetotall:withtheleadingconstitutional lawyersofthecountry,IshallbehereuntilmyownCourtopensattheendof October.TheministryofInformationhavealreadymadeeffectivearrangements andIhavehadaveryfriendlyletterfromtheLordChancellor. TheAtlanticCrossing. .IcameoverinaFerryCommandBomber.Boththecrewandpassengersore The aninterestingrefutationrfthetheoryofIsolation.CaptainPilotwasa jhitchman.HehadflownfortheK.L.jAHevansinHollandwhentheNazis .’protected*'thatcountry;After.fighting,with.hisDeserveRegimentheescaped andwalkedthroughPrancetothecoast,andthencrossedtoEngland.He offeredhisservicestothe-BritishGovernment.Hetold.methathiswifeand childrenarestillinHollandbuttheyandhefeltthatmustdosomethingto 1 bringabouttheendofhis.countrysenslavement.TheCo-pilotwasaCanadian, agraduate.oftheirAirTrainingPlan.TheFlight-EngineerwasanAmericanwho hadservedinourNavyAirForce.TheRadioOperatorwasanIrishmanwhohad been1939>has beencompiledforinformationandisofferedtothepressforsuchuseas theycaretomakeofit:- AXISR.AtF. OverandroundGtoBritain193923 19403038847 194156837 Atseasa«««•o•••*•193961 19402736 1*517 WesternFrontcampaign«». 193914-5 194094-3374 Scandinaviancampaign•.»19405655 Germanyandoccupied territoryo®a*.♦•<•19392026 194045349 1941623959 •MiddleEasto<.c♦.e«..194042178 194d1666305 ByRoyalNavy&9619393 1940241 1941319- GRZiNDTOTALS00203089 Russia(about)4000- AIR 3/3/-No.13< OFFICIALADMIRALTYCOMMUNIQUE Anenemyconvoyhasbeenfollowedandsuccessfullyattacked byoneofoursubmarinesintheMediterranean,Thisconvoywas proceedingdowntheLibyancoasttoBenghaziandwascloseinshore. Twolargeschoonersweresunkoutofthisconvoy. Enemysupplyshippingwasalsoattackednorth-westof Sicilyanditispossiblethatoneshipwassunk.Shippinghasalso beenattackedbyoursubmarinesintheapproachestotheharbourof Benghazi. ——-»—o0o» ADMIRALTY, S.W.I. 3/9/41~No*14. ECONOI.110WARFARE:THESECONDYEAR ThefollowingsummaryofthesecondofEconomic yeor Warfarewasissuedinconnection'withtoday*spressconference attheMinistryofEconomicWarfare. ThefollowingmaterialisissuedforsuchuseasthePress maycaretomakeofit. 1.Developmentsoftechnique. i.ThefallofFranceinJuneandthedefectionoftheFrench 1940,navy, meantthattheblockadeofEuropebymeansofnaval,patrolsalonewasim- practicable.Controlofcommoditiesatsourcebecamethefundamentalprinciple ofeconomicwar.Thecompulsorynavicertsystem,introducedattheendof July1940,wasdesignedtopreventcargoeslikelytohelptheenemy’swareffort eversailingtoEurope.Theship*rfwarrantschemeestablishedatthesametime, ensuredthatonlythoseship-ownerswhoguaranteedtocarrynavicertedcargo shouldenjoyBritishfacilitiessuchasbunkering,insuranceetc.Atthepresent time,about7Q/oftheworld’stonnageofmerchantshipping(includingBritishbut excludingAxisshipping)isentitledtotheprivilegesconferredbythescheme. Inthepastthesystemofcontrolatsourcehasbeentriedoutfully, andhasnotbeenfoundThenavicerthasbeenreducedbytheGerman wanting.area occupationorvirtualoccupationoftheBalkansandFinland.Butbonafide neutraltradehasnotbeenreducedunderthecompulsorynavicertsystem.Eire, IraqandIran,forinstance,havebeenaddedtothelistofcountriesforwhich navicertsareavailable.68,500applicationsfornavicertshavebeenreceived sinceAugust1940,ofwhichabouttwo-thirdsweregranted,3535shipssailed withships’navicerts(coveringthewholecargo)andonly48withoutthemin circumstanceswheretheywererequired;ofthese30sailedinAugust1940when itmaywellhavebeenthatthethennewregulations'werenotfullyunderstood. Theissueof"certificatesoforigin"forgoodsshippedfromEuropeoverseashas greatlyhamperedGermany’seffortstogainforeignexchangebyexportingthrough neutralcountries. Atthesametime,theRoyalNavyhaseffectivelyremindedGermanythat thenavicert systemisultimatelybackedbynavalpower.Inthelastfourmonths, severalGermanshipshavebeeninterceptedinanattempttoruntheblockade (includingtheLech,Hermes,Frankfurt,ErlangenandNorderney).Various seizuresofshipsandgoodshavealsobeenmadebyorderoftheContraband Committee;sincethe thegoodsseizedamount t0'62,498tons,andtotalseizures beginningofthewararenowabout800,000tons.shipstotalling143,543 39 G.R.T.havealsobeenseizedinthelastyear.Itshouldhoweveragainbe emphasisedthatinterceptionsandseizuresarea veryinadequatemeasureofthe successofourcontrol,whosemainobjectistomakesuchincidentsunnecessary. ii.Thecompulsorynavicertandship-warrantsystemsarenottheonlymachinery ofeconomicwar.Theywerebackedoriginallybytheexportlicensingsystemsof theBritishandAlliedEmpires,byourblack-listingpolicywhichendeavouredto putAxisfirmsabroadout ofbusiness,byactiontakentoimmobiliseenemyfunds abroad,andbypre-emptivebuyingofgoodswantedbytheenemy.Inallthese spheres,wehavebeengreatlyhelpedduringthelastyearbytheU.S.Administration TheirpolicyofEconomicDefencehasoftenservedthesameobjectsasourown economicwar.U.S,exportlicensingwherebymaterialsareconservedforthe Thus U.S.Defenceprogrammehasbeenextendedtocovernearlyallmaterialsimportant totheAxis wareffortandsimilarsystemshavebeenadoptedbysomecountriesin LatinAmerica;theassetsofAxisnationalshavebeenfrozenintheU.S.to preventthefinancingofpropagandaandsabotage,anda"ProclaimedList’”giving thenamesoffirmsinLatinAmericawhowillbetreatedasAxisnationalshasvery stronglyreinforcedourBlackListpolicy.Lastly,theU.S.Defenceprogramme hasdemandedextensivepurchasesofrawmaterialsinLatinAmerica.Far-reaching agreementshavebeenconcludedwithMexicoandBrazil,whosemostimportantraw materialswillinfuturenotbeavailabletoAxisbuyers. /iii.The -2- iij.Thesecondyearoftheeconomicwarhasalsoseenthedevelopmentand intensificationoftheairoffensiveagainstindustrialtargetsandcentresofvzar industryinGermany,Italyandtheoccupiedcountries- themostdirectformof economicwarfare.Inthecourseofthepastyearattackshavebeendeliveredin growingstrengthagainstarmamentsworksandthefactoriessupplyingthemwithraw material,shipyards,syntheticoilplants,refineriesandstorageinstallationsand thepowersystem- culminatingintherecentdaylightattackontheColognepower stations,themostconsiderablesourceofelectricpowerfortheindustriesofthe RuhrandRhineland, Itisdifficulttogiveaconcreteestimateoftheeffectsoftheseraidson theproductionof industries,especially vzarasmuchoftheeffectisachieved indirectly.Inthisconnectiontherepeatedattacksontheprincipalcommunication centresofWesternGermany-suchasCologne,Duisburg,MannheimandHammhave- provedimportant.Nolessimportanthasbeentheheavytollwhichhasbeentaken, offthecoastsofFrance,Belgium,Holland,NorwayandGermanyitself,ofthe shippingwherebytheGermanshopedtorelievethepressureoninlandtransportin occupiedEurope.'DespitefeverisheffortstobuildupwarindustryintheSouth andEast,WesternGermanyremainstheprincipalarsenaloftheenany’swareffort, andtheR.A.F.'ssunmeroffensiveonthecentresofvzarindustrytherehasbrought powerfulassistancetoourRussianalliesbysappingthesupplylinesofthe Easternfront,andhasatthesametimebroughthometothefront-lineworkersof Germany’swarindustrytherealitiesofawarontwofronts.Theincreasingly of defensivetonepropaganda,alternatingwithhystericaloutburstsby German publicofficials;thespecialissuesofextrarationsandcomfortsinbombedtowns; andthestrenuousthoughbelatedeffortstoimprovetheinadequateshelter accommodationareallsymptomaticoftheanxietywithwhichtheeffectsofR.A.F. bombingproduction onwarandonthewill-to-winofGermanwarworkersareregarded, andoftheforebodingwithwhichWesternGermanylooksforwardtoawinterof mountingattacks. 2.Theeffectofmilitarydevelopmentsontheeconomicwar. Intheyearunderreviewtherewerenochangessostartlingasthecampaign whichputGermanyincontrolofWesternEuropeanditseconomicresources,andat thetimeputmostofundertheblockade.TheBalkancampaignsof sameEurope April1941carriedtheprocessfurther;theyeasedGermany’seconomicpositionin somerespects,sincetheGermansobtainedcompletecontrolofYugoslavia’scopper, leadandchrome,andGreece’schromeproduction.TheGermanswerealsoableto instituteaunifiedcontrolofallBalkanrailwaytraffic.TheoccupationofGreece andCretewasofparticularimportanceinfacilitatingenemysea-trafficinthe EasternMediterranean.But campaignstheandtheirattendantdestructioncaused considerableiftemporarydislocationtorailwayandrivertransportfromEastern EuropetoGermanyandtheWest,andbroughtunderGermancontrolcountrieswith muchthesameeconomicdeficienciesasGermanyitself, Theenemydidnotgivehimselftimetoexploitanyeconomicadvantagesofhis springcampaigns.TheattackonRussiahassincethenfundamentallyaffectedthe conditionsinwhicheconomicwarfareoperates.TheGermansthemselveshadalways mademuchoftheimportswhichtheygotfromRussiaitself(oil,grain,manganese, phosphates,cottonetc.,)andfromtheParEastacrosstheTrans-Siberianrailvzay (vegetableoils,silk,rubber,tungsten,etc.).Thelargestgapintheblockade wasthusautomaticallystopped22nd onJune,andatthesametimetheGermansfor thefirsttimeembarkedreckless onaexpenditureofaccumulatedmaterial,which willbehardtoreplace.Thewholesaledestructionofcropsandmachinerycarried outbytheretreatingRussiansensuresthattheGermans’immediategainsinthe economicfieldaresmall. TheclosureoftheRussiangapemphasisestheimportanceoftheremaining importantgapintheblockade- theMarseillesleak.Thereisnodoubtthatthe GermansaretryingtoincreasetrafficbetweenNorthandWestAfricaand Marseilles,andthatitisdifficultinviewofthemanycallsonournavytostop thistrafficentirely.Butinvarietyandimportanceitcannotcompensatefor whatGermanyisatpresentlosingeconomicallybytheRussiancampaign. /3.Effects - 3- Qp'fa.softheeqonomicyraronGermany, AnaccuratemeasureoftheMinistryofEconomicWarfare’staskwas providedbyDr,Goebbelson20th Augustlast.Hesaidinaninterviewthat Germanyhadforeightyearsbeenpreparingforeconomicwar,andthatshehad nowmobilisedtheeconomicassistanceofoccupiedandunoccupiedEurope. UndoubtedlytheGermanshavedonetheirutmosttoprepareagainstblockade, andthereforethelastplacetolookfortheeffectsofeconomicwarisin theactivitiesoftheGermanarmedforces.Theciviliansandnon-essential industriesofoccupiedcountriesandofGermanyitselfwillfeelthepinch longbefore,andarebynowfeelingitacutely.Itisprobablethat politicalandeconomicconsiderationswillmakeitdifficultfortheGerman leaderstoreducemuchfurthertheamountoffoodandrawmaterialsavailable eithertotheirownciviliansandconsumerindustries,ortothoseofthe occupiedcountries,extremelythoroughlootingofthesecountriesin The 1940-1941makesitnecessaryfortheGermansnowtosupplytheminmanycases withfoodandrawmaterials.TheGermanmilitaryrequirements(e.g,labour indefenceworks)havealsoinsomecasesconflictedwitheconomicrequirements (e.g,agriculturallabour)intheoccupiedcountries.ThewholeGerman machineryofexploitationisweakenedfurtherbyactiveorpassiveresistance inWesternEurope,fosteredbytheknowledgeofGermany’sEasternpre-occupations. Inthemeantime,oil,rubber,textiles,someferro-alloysandnon-ferrous metals,andvegetableoilsareEuropean,notonlyGerman,deficiencies;no amountofpreparationoringenuitygetcanroundthatfact,thoughinsomecases theGermanscanincreaseEuropeanproductionorsyntheticcapacity,thereby makingproblemsonesoflabourandadministrationasmuchasofsupply. their Inthis connection,too,theRussiancampaignisofgreatimportance,Itis reducingGermanstocksofoil,rubberandotherrawmaterials;itemphasises thedifficultiesoftransportwhichareamongGermany’smostseriousproblems intheeconomicexploitationofblockadedEurope;aboveall,itisdraining Germanman-power,whosefullstrengthisrequirednotonlytomaintainarmies ofoccupationinEurope,butalsoamongstother.thingstogrowthefoodwhich Europecannotimport,andtominethecoaltomakesyntheticoilandrubber, Atpresent,therefore,itisfairtosaythattheeffectsoftheblockade areseenmost clearlyinGermandifficulties regardingman-power,transport andadministration.ButtheseareonlyoutcomesofGermany*ssupplydifficulties, whichwillrapidlyincreaseiftheirpresentrateofmaterialexpenditureis keptup.Themoststrikingevidenceoftheblockade’seffectivenesscomes fromaGermansource, theeconomistJosefWinschuh,whowroteintheDeutsche AllgemeineZeitung,14thMay,1941: ”ourabilitytocontinuethewarliesnotonlyin continentalreservesandin productioncapacitythe ofEurope,butalsoinRussia’snaturalpossibilities ofsupplytous.Atpresentwearealreadyusing ourreservesandwemustseetoitthattheyare replacedandenlarged,everythingmustbedonenot tolosetheadvantagewehadattheoutbreakofwar”. mj.S.TRYOFECONOMICWARFARE 5/9/W- No.15 Air'ministryNewsServiceAirBulletinNo, ministry4947 ITALI/iNCmgCALWORKSBOMBED' Resultsofa.heavydaylightraid,carried,out bybomberseftheRoya.lAir ForceanCotrone,inSouthernItaly,onIstSeptember,showhowwellour aircraftfound,theirobjectives.Ourpilotssawhugesheetsofmulti-coloured flamesrisingfromchemicalworkswhichwerehitseveraltimesbyheavybombs. Cloudsofblueordblacksmokewererisingintotheairwhenthereadersturned forhome.■■ Anenemymerchantvesselofbetweenthreeandfivethousandtonswashit atleasttwobombsandleftThe bywasablaze.gunnersofseveralofthe raidingaircraftsprayedothershippirgintheharbour. Oneofthepilotssaid;”Liyaircraftwasoneoftheearliestonthescene andwecouldseecloudsofdustcausedbytheimpact-ofbombsfromother aircraft.Aswecameback,blue,sulphurousflameswererisingfromthe shatteredbuildings.Wemadeourattackfromalowlevelandtherear-gunner sawallthebombscrashintothebuildings.Thenonebouncedrightoutagain, throughtheroofandlandedinafieldneararoa.d.Anunfortunatehorse sauntereduptothebombandsniffedatit.Justasitturnedawaythebomb exploded.Therewasnosignofthehorseafterthat.” - No.16 AirMinistryNo.4-92j-8 AIRMINISTRYCOMMUNIQUE FrankfurtandBerlinwerethemainobjectivesofR.A.F.bombers laatnight.AtFrankfurtaheavyattackwasmadeonrailway communicationsandindustrialtargets.InBerlin,which-./asattacked byasmallerforce,industrialbuildingswerehitandlargefireswere leftburning. OthertownsinWesternincludingMannheim,also Germany,were attackedaswellastheportsofOstendandDunkirk. Nineofouraircraftaremissingfromtheseoperations. 3/9/- No.17. "GMSHIPPINGGETTINGHITLER*SOV/NPRESCRIPTION” BYSIRARCHIBALDSINCLAIR Followingisthetextofaspeechdeliveredtodayby'■ SirArchibaldSinclair,SecretaryofStateforAir,atthe PublicInterestLuncheonatDorchesterHotel ItisJusta yearsinceIhadthehonourofaddressingthisluncheon. Duringthatyear,we,thepeopleofBritain,theRoyalNavy,theArmyand theRoyalAirForce,theA.R.P.andcivildefenceworkers,themenoftheMerchant Navy,themenandwomen’workinginourfactoriesandontheland,thecitizensof London,Coventry,GlasgowandBelfast,andof.manyothertownsandcities’;we havefoughtfromthevery ourwayupabyssofdisaster,throughdangersandordeals greaterthanourcountryhaseverpreviouslyendured.Ithasnotbeenatriumphal '■ progress./s ' Wehave,sustainedreversesinGreeceandinCrete,we'havesufferedcruel lossesinourownhomes;butthespellofGermaninvincibilitywhichayearago ' paralysed’thewillofhalftheworldisnowbroken.. !TheArmyhasshatteredtheFascistlegionsEmpireinAfrica,andhas and crushedNaziconspiraciesin Syria,Persiaand Iraq.Withafew:strongdecisive strokes,theBritishArmy,inwhichAustralian,NewZealand,SouthAfrican,Indian, PolishandFreeFrenchformationsarefightingsidebysideinhappyandardent comradeship,haveerectedafirmbulwarkagainstGermandesignsinCtentralAsia andopenedupaninvaluablelineofcommunicationwithourbraveRussianAllies. TheRoyalAirForcehasbeenproudtoplayitspartincontributingtothese successesArmy.ofthe Theijischiefmakerswhowouldtrytopersuadeyouthatthe RoyalAirForceistoobusywithitsownaffairstobotherabouttheArmyare wildlywrongheaded.Itistruethatinthepastshortageofaircraftandequip- mentmadeitnecessarytoconcentrateallavailableresourcesonprovidingthe essentialmeansofvictoryinairwarfare.Butwelikeco-operatingwiththe Army.Wearedeterminedtoworkandtrainwiththe.Armysothatmayboth we improvethatco-operation.Nov;that..additionalresourcesareavailable,'Ibelieve thatco-operationbetweentheRoyalAirForceandtheArmyvzillbecomeevercloser andmorefruitful,■.. Hithelastyear,too,theRoyal.NavyhasmetandvanquishedtheGermanand Italiannaviesintheiratta.ckson purcommunicationswiththeoutsideworld. RepeatedlytheRoyalNavyandtheFleetAirArmhaveofferedtheirfieryembraces the tothoseveryshymaidens,shipstheofthesaythaton ItalianNavy.Imust fewoccasionswhentheyhavecaughtthemintheirembracetheyhavehandled,;them prettyroughly. ItunderandtheAtlanticOceanthatthemainbattle is,however,on,over hasbeenfought.InthemcnthofFebruaryMr.Hitlerboasted”Ourstruggleby isbeginning.Theisthatwantedfirstofalltrained seaonlynowreasonwe newcrewsforournewU-boatswhicharegoingtoappearnow.TwohoursagoI receivedthenewsfromtheNavalHighCommandthatduringthelasttwodayssur- andU-boatshavetons.Letthesemenbepreparedfor facevesselssunk215,000 verydifferentthingsinMarchandApril!WhereBritain*sshipsareoutU-boats willbeuntilthedecisivehourarrives.” Sincethenatremendousbattlehasbeenfoughtagainstsubmarines,Focke- Wulfsandotheraircraftandwhatwouldundoubtedly,butforthestrength against andthe vigilanceofRoyalNavyandCoastalCommandoftheRoyalAirForce,have beenthemostdeadlyformofattack,surfaceraiders.Wehavesufferedtheloss ofhundredsofvaluableshipsandthousandsofpreciouslives;buttheGermans havelost,inadditiontomanysubmarinesandirreplaceablecrews,thebattleship BISMARCK,theprideoftheGermanNavy,whilethreeofthemostformidableships thatremainedtothemhavebeenchivviedintotheharbourofBrestwhere,while thebattlehaveremainedinenforcedandignominious ragedoutside,they inactivity. J , /This Thisbattleisnotover.--.ltwillrequire,probablyforsometineto cone,animmense--concentration"ofattentionand”effort'"terfrustratetheseGerman attacks.Thefact,however,thatitis goingbadlyforusisprovedbytwo not things:-first,thatthesinkingsof"British"ships"inthenonthofJulywerethe lowestinanynoiithformorethana yearpast.'‘True",saystheingenious Dr.Goebbels,,"butthatisbecausetherearesofewBritishandAlliedshipswhich daretosailsubmarines,toat."'secondly,thatshoot the'seas.forour.So.Isay, duringthe.lasttenweeksthe.averageweeklyrateofinports'ofmerchandisefrom overseasexceeded850,000tons.SoletBritainsay"Welldone,theRoyalNavy.'" Yes,thebruntofthefightinghasfallenontheRoyalNavy. of...course, hasplayeditspart,andabigparttoo, Hereagain,however,RoyaltheAirForce worthilyplayedastheRoyalNavyitselfhasgenerouslyrecognised.Inthevan ofthebattlewasCoastalitsstrengthdoubled'sincethebeginningofthe Command, war*Inthepastyearalone,theyhaveattacked134U-boatsand,withtheir defensive armament,.theyhaveshotdownmorethan30Germanaircraftandscareda greatmanymoreoff.convoys.. ourWith'theirflyingbasesinIcelandandthelong rangeCataliniaircraftwhich.theyhaverecentlybeenemploying,theyhave effectivelydoggedthewesterlytracksoftheGermansubmarines.Deepintothe 1 enemysterritorybyday,overhisdocksandharboursandfortifiedbases,fly theaircraftoftheCoastalCommandReconnaissanceUnit,No Photographic importantenemymovement•is-hiddenexceptbyexceptionallybadweatherfromtheir WhentheScharnhorstoutof,Brest.weknewwithina.fewhours,and eyes.slipped withintwenty-fourhoursafterthat,CoastalCommandhadlocatedheratLaPallice. ItCoastalCommandofthesefineflyingboatswhichhave wasa Catalina,onenew tofromthewhichfoundthe.Bismarckandtheshipsof comeusUnitedStates,.put theattack RoyalNavyonhertacks.NorareCoastal-Commandlessformidablein thaninreconnaissance. bomb,.;.depthchargeandtorpedotheylevy'aheavytoll With onGermansubmarines,, surfacewar-ships,andmerchantvessels..ThedeadlyBeaufort foundamarkfor onthepocketbattleshipLUTZOWonlyafewweeksago. itstorpedoes So,watchingtheenemy’smovsments,attackinghissubmarinesandsurfacewarships, protectingourconvoys,.CoastalCommandisintheforefrontoftheBattleofthe -Atlantic.r .- ■.... FighterCommand,too,isinthesamebattlelastmonththeyflewover- 5,000sortiesbydayandnight,protectingourconvoysnearourcoasts,andin additiontheyhavebeen,shootingupthesmallcraftoftheenemy. lashedoutdevastatinglyat ■BomberCommandhavebeeninittoo.Theyhave .and. !theshipyards,wheretheGermanstibtiarinesandother,warshipsarebuilt repaired,atthefactorieswherethepartsaremade,andatBrestwhere.for5 monthsatthetheBattleoftheAtlantichaveimmobilisedthreeof heightofthey themostpowerfulunitsintheGermanNavy. Wetaking Butwearenotonlydefending'ourselvesagainstGermanattacks.are ownhandinthegameandBritishsurfacevesselsandaircraftof oursubmarines, theRoyalAirForcearenowinflictingupontheGermansandItaliansgreater shippinglossesthantheyareinflictinguponus.• ItwouldbeAxispowerscanaffordtheselosses. mistake supposethattheto a ThesuccessofBomber.Command*sattacksuponGermanlandcommunicationshasforced the.enemytotryInNorthAfrica andtransportmoreofhisrequirementsbysea. Mediterranean dependuponthecommunicationsacross'the his-landandairforces for.theirtheGermans.Their nourishment.Sonowweareturningthetableson Hitlerprescribedfor ..shippingisgettingadoubledoseofthemedicinewhich'Mr, oursandinJulywedamagedordestroyed'92.AxisshipsintheNorthSea,the Atlanticandtheand52shipsinaddition Mediterranean,amountingto459,000tons, ofunknowntonnage. ' . Remembertheanddevotionofthemenwhosebrilliantachievements courage we.applaud,.-. /They ‘ - 3- Theyrunterrificriskscoollyanddeliberately.Ithinkparticularlyofthose Blenheimmastintotheanti-aircraftfireoftheshipsandtheir flying crewshigh forEachis escorts,payingdayafterdayaheavyforfeittheirgallantry.crew light-heartedlysparebuttheirsacrificeisnotinvain. precious - nonecanwe - TheyaretransformingtheBattleoftheAtlanticfromaGermanattackonBritish shippingintoaBritishattackonGermanshipping,andvictoryinthisbattlewill .beaturningpointtowardsvictoryinthewar. ImentionedtheMediterranean.Thereinthatvastterritory2,000miles whichwevaguelycallthe fromEasttoWestand2,000milesfrom.NorthtoSouth, MiddleEast,thestrengthoftheRoyalAirForceissteadilygrowingandisbeing vigorouslyexerted.FromSyria,EgyptandMalta,RoyalAirForcesquadrons bombedharboursandbasesinItalyandLibyaandharryAxiscommunicationsbetween EuropeandAfrica.Yes,fromMalta,which,beforethewarwasexpectedtobe.>'■ uselessforairoperations.Nofighterdefencewasprovided,andattheoutbreak ofwartheFlyingBoatSquadronwaswithdrawntoAlexandria.NoorganisedR.A.F. unitremained.InSpiteofthat,theAirOfficerCommanding,AirCommodore,now AirdiscoveredfourSeaGladiatorsinpackingHe Vice-Marshal,Maynard,cases. erectedthem,mannedthemwithhisstaffofficers,andbeganshootingdownItalian bombers.- Fromthat,smallbeginning,thedefenceofMaltaagainstnumericallysuperior forcesbothofItaliansandofGermsnshasbuiltupandsustainedwithbrilliant gallantryandskilluntilnowMaltahaspassedfromdefencetoattack,andhas ripenedintoaformidablecentreofoffensiveairoperations. OfthegreatepisodesinourAirWarfaresinceIaddressedyouayearago, thefirstwastheBattleofBritain,thenatitsclimax.InthatbattleFighter CommandmetandvanquishedthewholemightoftheGermanAirForce.Therewereno GermansquadronsintheMediterraneanthen;therewasnootheractivefrontto drawofforcurtainanypartoftheLuftwaffe,Ourfightersquadronshadsuffered cruellossesinFrance,andespeciallyatDunkirk.Thegapsintheirrankshadto befilledbypilotswhohadnotfinishedtheirtraining.Yettheymetandbroke theattackofthegreatestconcentrationofaircraftwhichtheGermanshaveyet~ madeinanyonetheatreofwar.Thatfamousvictorywillrani:amongthedecisive battlesofhistory. SoFighterCommandgainedthemasteryofthedaylightairoverBritain.Then theGermansresortedtopromiscuousnightbombing,butthewavesoftheGerman assaultbrokeonthedefiantandindomitablewill oftheBritishpeople.Fire Fighters,A.R.P.andCivilDefenceWorkers steppedintothebreachwhilethe scientistsandAirStaffplannedthecounterattack.Allthroughtheearlymonths ofthisyearthatcounterattackdevelopedwithincreasingsuccess.Anti-aircraft guns,searchlights,nightfightershaveaddednotcompletebutalargeameasure ofmasteryofthemoonlighttothatofthedaylightairoverBritain. WhentheGermansbrokeoffthenightbombingbattleinMayinorderto concentrateagainstRussia theyhadsustainedcasualtiesamountingonsomenights toover10%oftheattackingforce.Themoraleoftheirbombercrewswassagging- underthestrain.HereisanaccountbyaGermanairgunnerofbombingover Britain:- "Wewereflyingatabout19,000feetwhenIsawashadowbehindusandtothe right,andthoughttomyself:’Imustn’tmakeamistake* youdon’tvranttotell ’ theothersit’sanightfighterwhenitmaynotbeone. "Itookanotherlookandthensawthathewasstillbehindusabout600yards away.Iswitchedontheinter-comm,andannounced’Nightfighterasternandto ’toand starboard.Itoldthepilotheoughtturnofftotheright,thenperhaps thefighterwouldmissusasweturnedintothedarkness. "Themoonwasbrightasday,highupintheshy.Thepilotdidn’tturnoff andthefightercamecloserandcloser.Itonlygaveusafarseconds.Icouldn’t and getmyM.G,readyintime,andbeforeIcouldfireashot,therewasabanga crashintheaircraft,andbitsflewallovertheplace. /"Istill ”Tstillhadeverythingon,oxygenmaskandall,thetrappings*I>lookedout: againforthenightfighterandsawhimbankingaway.I swungthe-M.G.round .him*ThentheLieutenant ' andsentaburstaftersaid;’’Don’t-fire”,andI■ lookedoutandsawflamescomingfrombeneaththeportengine.AtthatIhurried. ’’BeforewestartedonthistripI.hadapresentimentthatthetripwouldbe unlucky;thepilotWasverynervous.,andsaidthatthewholeflightwasalotof bunkum;thatwaswhyhe.vzas'so-v/orlsedup.r: ”1‘alvftiys.knewtherewere,nolaurelstobewoninEngland.-Fewofthe' flyingpersonnelescape.They..eithergetshotdown.ortakenprisoner,” ■' ■'■’■Wemustexpect’'the.Germanattackstoberenewed*Wemuststeel'ourselvesto • endureisolatedifnot.sustained,attacksofgreaterintensitythananywehaveyet suffered.Sheltersmustbeprepared- firefighters-mustbemobilised- every defensiveprecautionmustbemaintainedat.thehighestpitchofefficiency. TheGermanbombingcrews,ontheotherhand,willfindthatwehavenotbeen wastingourtimesinceMay,Sincethenthepowerandgrangeofourcountermeasures haveenormouslyincreased.TheGermanbombercrewswillpay‘dearlyforthe destructionofBritishhomesnext,winter,TheGermanpeoplewill-payevenmore dearly.A.•-.■...--rf./'■-y.w: ... Manyattacksbydayhave.beenmadeagainstindustrialtargetsinNorthern Franceand.inYfe.stemGermany,-whileourfightersintheiroffensivesweepsgive protectiontothebombersandthemselveschallengetheenemytobattle. ExperienceintheBattleofBritainledustoexpectaheavycasualtyrateinour ownfighterforcewhenwe,startedoffensiveoperations,butFighterCommandhave beenabletomaintaintheirsuperiorityoverthe:enemyevenwhen-flyingoverhis territory.‘~. -J•■ ■ ' FromtheIstFebruary,uptoto-daywehavelost352fighters-mostlyover. " enemyterritory,together310pilots.Ofwith enemyourfightershavethe destroyed337inoffensiveoperations.Itshouldnotbesupposedthattheenemy fighteroppositionissmall,Jortheeffectofour.daylightoffensiveisthat -.. theGermanshavetokeepontheWesternfrontlarge-forcesoffighterswhichthey wouldotherwisehavebeenable-tothrowagainstRussia;;-.-A...- . ,ti:•.*(••w; , The.RoyalAirForceisworking-dayandnightin unremittingoffensivetosupport ourally,whoisfightingso.magnificentlyontheenemy’sEasternbattlefront. And‘arenotfighting.Thelosses:ofbombersinthe we gitjjgutsacrifice.-our ' daylight-attacks,drivennomp'vdwcharacteristicdaringarid,determination,must inevitablybehighb'rinproportionthanthoseexperiencedbynight.Theweightof attackbynightis.alsoconstantlyincreasing',<-./(:?.. r .InthefirstthreeweeksofAugust19Mmore'than3timesasmanyton'sof bombsWCredroppedbyBomberCommandaainthefirstthreeWeeksofAugust19A0,.. Targetsin24townsinGermanyand19inoccupiedterritorywereattacked.’ AttacksweremadeonBerlin,Kiel,Hanover,Cologne,FrankfurtandMannheim,and oneofthesereceivedinthreeweeksa^,loadofnearly35'0tonsofbombs,Therecan benodoubtthat,theGermansarefully-awarethat,inthePrimeMniSter’sv/ords: ’’thisisonlythebeginning”,. ■■ ,r r,-,-.'■.r .■...S....--.#*.-SW ••::■■I'--■■■■■•■' \/It , - ■ ... ,z ', * * t :>., -5r.... forthe It,willtakealongtimeandaseriesoflongnightswithgoodwpather weightofBomberCommand'sattacktoproduceitsfulleffectonthemindsandwill oftheCemanpeople.Wetooshall'havemuchtoendure,butourwill.towinisfirm andinexorable.Alittlemaninabombedcity,bitterlylamentingthedamage,said tofriendofwhoaskedhimhowhecouldstand"Aweeklongerthan amine,longit, theHunscan." ManyGermansmustbewonderingwhattheendwillbe..likeandhowmanyother townslikeMunsterwill,byth©--Germansthemselves,becalledunhappy,orwillbe devastated,likeAachen. Ourphotographsshowwidespreaddestructionwhereverournewheavybombsfall-- andtheywillgoonfallingmoreandmore,nightafternight,untiltheGerman, people,shatteredanddisillusioned,decideforthesecondtimethatwarisnot worthwhile.•/■ Suchisourplanandthereismomentumbehindtheadvancetowardsachievement. Borsuccesswedemandunremittinglabour,untiringendeavour.Ourtaskistoexpand theForcewhile,atthesametime,employingittothefullin'operations..In J consequencewerequiregreatnumbersofmenandofaircraft. Thefactoriesinthiscountry,in-CanadaandintheUnitedStatesrareworking■■■ magnificently,and,asyouknow,lastweekproducedarecordoutputfromourfactories here.Butrecordsarenotenough.Theworkmenintheaircraftfactoriesandin eqohofthethousandfactoriesthatmakessomepartoftheequipment,howeversmall, thatgoesintotheaeroplane,arefightingtheairwarfortheircountryandfighting itwell.TothemI"Leteachweekberecord.Giverecordofrecords. sayausa Beheartenedbysuccess,Bosupportedbyfailure.Know"thattheAirForcewants everybomber,everyfighter,everytrainerthatyoumake;everygadgetand can instrumentthatyoucanfittogether;everysparepartthatyoucangetoutofyour workshops."Itisastupendoustasktodaybydayoffensivewartosmitethe wage enemyintheWestwhileheisengagedintheEastandwhiledoingallthistobuild upthemightyforcethatwd.llbringusvictory."- Totheemployersandtheworkmeninallthefactoriesonbothsidesofthe AtlanticIsay"TheRoyalAirForcedependsonyou".Foritwouldbea grosserror tosupposethatwecannotmatchaircraftwithcrews. FlyingTrainingCommandwiththeoperationaltrainingunitsunderthe OperationalCommandsandthefar-flungtrainingschoolsoftheEnpireAirTraining Scheme,areproducingaflowofskilledpilotsandcrowsofunparallcdstrengthand quality.Therateofincreaseofpilotproductionduringthepasthasnot year fallenbehindtherateofincreaseofaircraftproduction.Therateofincreasein theproductionofpilotshasbeenmanytimesgreaterduringthepastyearthanthe rateofincreaseinaircraftIthasbeen-ithasbeenmuch production.greater greater, "GivethehereI usaircraft,"I say,"andwewillprovidethecrews."andwould liketopayspecialatributetothosemembersoftheRoyalAirForcewhoareserving inourtrainingstationsoverseas,especiallyinCanada.Theyfeel,quite naturally,thattheyarefar.removedfromthewarandmissingtheirchanceoftaking partinoperationswiththeircolleaguesandtouseagainsttheenemythatskill which,justbedausetheypossessittosohighadegree,hastobeusedforsome.time atleastininstruction. Theofficers,instructorsandgroundstaffsoftheseflyingschoolswhoare playingapartnolessvitalbecauseitisinalessdangerouslocalitymanyofthem,- knowingthattheirwivesandfamiliesareperforceleftbehindinthiscountry, deservethehighestpraise.ThetechnicaltrainingintheAirForceisofthe higheststandard.Ithas-tobeforthesafetyofaircraftandthelivesofmen dependuponit.ThetechnicaldirectionoftheCommandhasbeenexercisedwith skilland economy,asistestifiedbySirWilliamBeveridge’sreportonskilledman- powerintheServices. /Thanks 6- ThankstotheLabour,meh'.continuetobeavailable effortsoftheMinisterof fortraininginlargenumbers,butthehighestendeavours■areneededconstantly toinculcateandtomaintainthestandardofskillrequiredin,theRoyalAirForce, andthereisnodoubtthat,astheexpansionoftheRoyalAir-Forceandoftheother Servicesandofindustryproceeds,difficultiesofaveryacutenature''..-illfaceus. Inparticular,I-wouldrefertotheurgentandmostvitalneedforlarge numbersofskilledradiopersonnel. Thescopeofradioinwarisvast,andIshouldsaythatitsapplicationhas beenincreasedmorewidelyandmorerapidlythantheapplicationofanycorresponding artificeofwar.•..••;.’ RadioisthenervoussystemoftheRoyalAirForce,andIappealtoallwho areorwhomaybeinterestedinradio,whethermenor 'women,andwhohavethe opportunity,tocomeandhelpus. The earliestofalltrainingfortheRoyalAirForceis,ofCourse,givenin theAirTrainingCorps;andIamgladtosaythatthis.Corpsisgoingfromstrength tostrength.AllovertheUnitedKingdom,intownsandcountryside,preliminary trainingisbeinggiventotofitthemtojointheAirForceassoonasthey areold'enough.OneoutofeverysevenboysinthecountryisintheAirTraining Corps..I.hopethatstillmoreboyswillcomeforwardandjointheirfriendsinthe ’•XiiO.;•../-■.,•r-j.. . Noreview,ofthetheairwouldbe warincomplete.withoutsomementionofour ■ airtransport.andferryingservices, ItiswithgriefthatIfeel,boundtorefertothe’.,disasters'■whichhaverecently happenedtothree;ofthegreattransportaircraftemployedonferryingduties. Crewsandallandour-'sympathy passengersweretravellingonwar-servicegoes.out totherelativesandfriendsofthosewhoseliveshavebeenlost.In precious particular,letusrememberwithdeepgratitudefortheir,servicetothecauseof ourtwocountries,thosebraveAmericanairmenwhohaveperishedinthesetragic accidents.Letmeassureyouthatinvestigationintothecausesoftheseaccidents beganatandiswithandTillthat beingpursued onceenergythoroughness. investigationiscompleteitwouldbeimproperformetoexpressanopiniononthe causes.Letme,however,saythis,that moneynooreffortwillbesparedtomake thisroutesafe.Actionisnotwaitinguponinvestigation.Certain arrangementsnew forincreasingsafetybasedofhave onourexperienceoperationalreadybeenmade. Resourceanddeterminationandthemethodsofmodernsciencehave.enabledusto meetthe.challenge-ofA-formidableenemyinbattle.-Inthesamespiritandwiththe samemethods-weare'meetingandopposingthesemisfortunes.'. InWartimeairmustbeentirelyto ourtransportservicesnecessarilyharnessed thewar.machine.Thefarandwidecontributiontoourwareffortwhichhasbeen madeby.BritishOverseasAirwaysCorporation,oftenincircumstancesofextreme difficulty,havebeenofimmensevalue..WiththeirservicesrunningtoLisbon,and thendown,toAfrica.anduptheEastCoastofAfricato'Irak,Indiaandacrossto Singaporeand.Australiavitalaircommunications,.aremaintained. AcrossAfricaavitalmilitaryre-inforcementrouteisrunning.Acrossthe NorthAtlantic,too,aseriesofmostvaluableflightsarebeing'made,In maintainingaircommunications receivinghelpandwearcmayexpectshortlytoreceive morefromthatgreatAmericanorganisation,Pan-AmericanAirways.Inwarno considerationofcommercialadvantageorprestigecanbeconsidered.Thedutyof BritishOverseasAirwaysistoplace’atthedisposalof.thearmedforcesalltheir resourcesofexperienceandequipment,For.thewayin-whichtheyhaverespondedto ' therequirementsof.the. war,theCorporationhasdeserved-wellofthecountry. Soenter we the.third,yearofthe.warwithourhopeshigh,our purposefirm, butwithnoillusionsabouttheformidablepoweroftheenemyorthedangersbywhich wearestillencompassed, Russiais fightingwithmagnificentheroism.Thetoughresistanceofher soldiers,sailors,airmenandtothesavageGermanonslaughtlias guerillafighters warmedtheheartsandearnedtheglowingadmirationoftheBritishpeople. /TheRoyal - 7- effortsacrifice TheRoyalAirForceisnotsparingitselfandgrudgesnoor RussianallieshydamGermanforcesinthe’JestandSouth. tohelpourtying hasteningtothehelpofRussia. InotherdirectionstooAzeare FromahostofotherAlliesAzearegettingsplendidhelp.FromtheUnited moralandincreasingflaz StatesofAmericatoowearegettingstrongsupportan ofinparticular,splendidaircraft.~'ewantmoreof supplies,munitionsand, inwantalltheheavy them,youaircraftworkersin.America,andparticularwe andthesoonersendshallendthe youcansendus,themthequicker ■bomberswe you war. 'Wherethenisourchiefdanger,Iwilltellyou. isunboundedbutRussiawon’twin OuradmirationforRussia’sdoggedfight - theA/arforus.OurgratitudetotheUnitedStatesforallthattheyhavedone andpromisetodofortheooirmoncauseoffreedomisunbounded-buttheUnited Stateswon’tAzintheAzarforus.Ourchiefdangerisatendencytorelaxour effortsA/henourprospectsimprove-tothinkthatsomebodyelsewillmakethe effortandthesacrificeandwintheA/arforus.ComplacencyisourAzorstdanger today.For-victoryAzemustrelyonourselves. Neverforgetthatwithoutvictorytherecanbenoopportunitynoopportunity- forlife,libertyandthepursuitofhappinessforourselvesandcountlessmillions ofmankind. Mr.Hitler, meetinghisfellowgangster,Mr.Mussolini,offerstheAzorlda neworderunderhis oAznprotection."Hisistheprotection”,toquoteSheridan, "Azhichthevulturegivestothelamb,v/hichcoversvzhileitdevoursitsprey; Azhioh,stretchingitsbalefulpinionsandhoveringinmid-air,dispersesthekites andlesser"birdsof preyandsavestheinnocentandhelplessvictimfromalltalons butitsam.”NovershallMr.HitlerfastenhisAAzeek protectiononus.or twobeforethetwochiefgangstersmet,thereAzasanothermeeting-ameeting betAzeentheloadersofthegreatdonocracies- betAzeenthatgreatprophetof Freedomwhoseutterancesinspirenotonlyhisfellow ovmcountrymenbutfreemen alloverthevzorld- Mr.Roosevelt,andouroAvntrustedindomitablevzarrier PrimeMinister,Mr.Churchill.Theypointedtheway,theyshowedthe usgoal. It’shard,rough,-it’stheAZayofsacrificeandhardvzork. anarrowAzayduty, SoAzeshallattaintovictoryshallgaintheopportunityof vzeestablishing - so freedom,justiceand peace. MINISTRYCFINFORMATION 3/9/2;-1_- N0...18. MEDDLEEAST.VMCOIFENIQUE i ThefollowingcommuniquewasissuedtodayfromBritishG.H.Q., Cairo: * LIBYA AtTOBRUKtheenemyshelledtheharbourareabutnodamage Ourtoharasstheenanyand resuitpH.fightingpatrolscontinue inflictcasualties,s Inthefrontierareaadust-stormrestrictedactivity, MINISTRYOFINFORMATION(MILITARYAFFAIRS) BELGIAI'TDEFJJNCTSONKILLED NewsliasjustbeenreceivedinLondonthatJeanMaxGutt, sonofHons.0.Gutt,BelgianMinisterof Defence,apilotinthe RoyalAirForce,liasbeenkilledinactionduringanightflight. Hewastohavehadhiswingsthisweek. LI.Guttattendedhisson’sfuneralandpinnedtheCroixde Guerreonthetunicofthedeadairman. JeanMaxGutthadbeenaterritorialagentintheBelgian forthreebeforetheHeexemptfrommilitary Congoyearswar.was serviceandfreeofallmilitaryobligations,butassoonashe obtainedleave,hesailedtoGreatBritainandjoinedtheRoyal AirForce. +4*+4*4*4"4-4—l-■?4-+4'4*+ BELGIANPRESSBUREAU 3» ! VOYAGEIN_k_FLOATW,DOCK . NAZIS-ffiSTROYEDBYSTRANGECONVOY > >i—iiteit—-'—r■.»-.■«•W,'-4»—j—.—■■—«•.»• <» II«—IIKI■ FollowingisthetestofabroadcastbyAlanBell, givenasapostscripttothe6o’clocknewsthisevening:- I’mbackashorefroma voyageofseveralhundredmilesinthestrangest craftIeversailedin 17,000tonsAdmiraltyfloating -adock.Itlookedat sealikeatravellingblockofflats;andthishugetarget,guardedbytheNavy andAirForce,hasbeentowedunderthenosesoftheGermansfromoneBritish port,wherethedockhasbeenhighlyuseful,toanotherportwhereitwillbe stillmoreuseful.Ourpassageforsomedayslaywithinrangeofcontinuous bombingattack,ofnightchallengesbyE-boats,and,ofcourse,attemptsby submarines.Butnothinghappened.Thisimmenselyvaluabledock,whichcan berthallbutourveiylatestbattleships,sailedunmolested.IftheGermans didn’t spotus,theyweredeplorablycareless.Iftheydidspotus,theywore unwillingtohaveago. PerhapsitwasourescortthatmadetheNazisturnablindeye.Onthe daywemovedoutofharbour,twodestroyers,flyingthePolishflag,keptstation onourquarter;athirddestroyerwasontheportbeam;ananti-aircraftship accompaniedustostarboard;andM.L.’sdashedjoyfullyontheoutskirtslike dogsnewlyofftheleash.Andoverheadflewkiteballoons,andfighteraircraft sweptroundtheconvoywitharecurringroar.Threeocean-goingtugstowed thedock,andaheadofthempliedminesweepers. Ihadagrandstandviewofthishard-hittinglittlefleetfrommorethan sixtyfeetabovesealevel- fromwhatiscalledthewall-deckofthedock. Youknowwhatthese floatingberthsforshipsarelikeaflatsteeldeck,- opalateitherend,butwithaloftycontainingwalloneachside.Inthe thicknessofthesesidewallsarethestore-roomsandquarters.Wecarried fifty-fourdockyardmen;aboutsixtynavalratings,mostlytoserveourquick- firersandpom-poms;and.threeR.A.F.ladstonursetheballoons. Bythetimenightfell,ourcarefullyblacked-outflotillawaswellinthe areaofdanger.*Thiswasofficiallyexpectedtobea’’sticky"trip,andon thebridgeIpattedmylifebeltandlistenedwithconsiderableattentiontothe argumentsastowhereandwhyweshouldbespotted,andthechancesofbeing dumpedbybombblasteitherintotheseaorontothepontoondeck,which,asI mentioned,wassixtybelow.oddfeetBinocularsmethodicallysearchedthe water,orpointedlikethehigh-angleguns,intothesky,fromwhichsounded theperiodicreassuringrushofournightfighters.Therewasamomentof tensionwhenoneoftheguncrewlookoutsreportedalightmovingthroughthe airastern.That,however,wasjustalittlemisapprehension—itwasthe yellowstarArcturus. NextmorningIsteppedupintothebreezetofindseaandskyalivewith music.Ourack-ackship-theflagshipoftheconvoy-hadclosedintostar- board.Shehadconnectedagramophonetoherloudspeakerequipment,andwas playingatfullblast--"Ohwhatawonderfulnightwe’vehadto-night".The well-chosenmelodyfairlyfilledthehorizon,andthefloatingdock-andI’ve nodoubt,thewholeflotilla-brokeintoauniversalgrin. /The -2-...vrv; ThewihdMil’sand.thetugsplunged,and.rolled.,and.the freshened.;the destroyersshowed,theirthinflanks,butthecumbrousfloatingdockproceeded theshowersandthefootball •withastatelyandmassivesteadiness*Insun, pitchofadeckbelowwouldglistenawhilewithrainandthen,whenitsrusty showlikestretchofdesert*Fromthesternafew surfacedried,a bakinga optimisticdockyardecsputoutlinesandspinnersformackerel. Itwasaholidaytrip-sofar."Asun-tathingcruise”,complaineda Devonpottyofficerwhohasalreadypaidofffourenemybombersandwhowas fidgettingformore.Ithinkitmayhaveboohduetothissingle-minded gunnerthatnextdaythedockwaspermitted apracticeshoot.OurOorlikonguns spittingsixtyshellsaminute,dentstreamsofredballsintothesky.But whattickledmeworetheechoesinthatgreatbiscuittinofadock. ItsoundedasthoughVulcanhadcutloosewithhishammer,andhelped byseveralothergods,wasbashingtheshiptopieces.Buthardlywasthe practiceoverwhentworealtargetspoppedup.Thesignal"Mnesstarboard" brokeoutfromtheflagship,andtotheimmenseregretofmyDevongunner,a destroyerwasdetailedtosinkthem.Sheletfly-withahailofsmall ammunition,andbeforelongbothminesfoundered.Iexpectedafineexplosion; buttheysankwithoutblowingup,andthatIwastold,isusual. Thatwasourmosteventfultwenty-fourhours.Supperwasjustending intheViTardRoomwhenaboom,athud,feltasmuchasheard,sentatremor through. everyoneofthedock’seighty-eightemptytanks.Ihad aglimpseofourhalf-cutloafrollingontotheflooraswebunchedand boltedforthecompanionway.ThroughtheduskIsawthatoneofthedestroyers hadbrokenstation,andwassteaminginasemi-circlewithfoamatherbow. TheBridgehadalreadyreceiveda messagefromherthatshewas"investigating acontact”."That’stheproperway”,saidtheofficerofthewatch,"depth- chargefirst,andinvestigateafter”.Thedestroyerloiteredbehindinthe darkforhourslisteningandsearching,butnothing.morewasheardfrom thesubmarine-ifsubmarineitwas. Almosteacha convoyintoview. daybroughtTheshipssteamedsteadilyover stretchesofwaterwhich Admiraltychartsarethickwiththewreck-marks on theHunsputtherein1917and1918.Ifyouhadbeenstandingtherewith me,Iknowthatyoutoowouldhavepassedasilentandadmiringvoteof thankstoBritain’smerchantseamen, Thelast2AhoursIspentasaguestontheFlagship.Itwasfrom herBridgethatIsawthelandoncemorenarrowingroundmyoldhome,the floatingdock.Theescortships,wangedforotherimmediateduties,slipped awayonebyone.Thethree seatugsthathadhauledthedocksovaliantly handedoverintheestuarytoeightharbourtugs.Theytackledtheirmountainous chargefromallsides,bringingherroundwithblacksmoke.Soinclumsy triumph,the17,000tonsdock,whichforhundredsofmileshadmadeoneof thewar’smosttemptingtargets,glidedunharmedtohernewanchorage. +++++++++++ BRITISHBROADCASTINGCORPORATION MrMinistryNewsServiceAirMinistryBulletinNo.4952 WATCHONENGLISH,CHANNEL BeaufortandBlenheimsquadronsoftheR.A.F,CoastalCommandareplayinga greatpartinthedayandnightattacksonenemyshipping. OneBeaufortmorethan squadronalone,100,000tonsofwhichhasalready,sunk enemyshippinghasrangedfromNrowayall German,Dutch,Belgiananddownthe FrenchcoaststoBordeauxandoutintotheBayofBiscaytodoit.Morerecently, thesquadronhasbeensettokeepwatch,particularlyatnight,ontheEnglish Channel. TheBeaufort,famousasatorpedo-carryingaircraft,caneasilyswitchtobombs ormines.Itisaformiableaircraft.Besidesitstorpedoorbombload,itbristles withalmostasmanygunsasafighter.Thereisnomemberofthecrewwithouta guntofire.Itisalsooneofthefastestbombersintheworld,approaching fighterspeed.ManyatimeaBeaufort,cominginlowoverthesea,hastorpedoed ashipandbeenawayagainbeforethedazedcrewofthevesselhasrealisedwhatwas happening. Oneofthecrewdescribinganoperationaltripsaid"wewerefryinginlbwover thesea.Itwasfadingdaylightaswetookoff,andwhenwereachedthecoastof Franceabright,roundmoonwasrising.Itwasaconvenientmoon,thatlaidapath oflightacrossthesmoothsea,andsweptitforusasefficientlyasasearchlight. "Analmostimperceptiblechangecameoverthecrew.Theobserver,inthe• up front,whohadbeenconcentratingonhischarts,stirredinhisseat,andbeganto toside. gazehardatthesea,hisheadturningslowlyfromsideThepiloteased backinhisseatandsearchedtheshiningwatersthatstretchedbeforehimtoadim horizon. "Hewasasilhouetteofhelmet,profileandhandsonthecontrolcolumn. Besidealsosilhouettedthe him,againstperspexwindowwastheoutstretchedfigure ofthelittleMickeyMousdtoythathecarriedasamascot.Thispilot,aFlight Lieutenant,only21yearsofage,hasmadenearlysixtywarflightsinaBeaufort. Heflewhisaircraftwithanoccasionalglimpseatthefaintlyglowinginstrument panel.Fortherest,hewatchedthestripofmoonlitsea. "Occasionally,thewirelessoperatoremergedfromhisdarkcabin,tohanda scrapofpapertotheobserver. "JustofftheFrenchcoastthegunnersuddenlycalledthroughtheintercommuni- cationtelephone. " ’Nightfighterastern,sir’". "Thepilotdived,untiltheaircraftwasJustskimmingthewaves,turningfromside toside- takingavoidingactionincasetheGermanfighterhadhisgunstrainedon theBeaufort.Scrappingwithanightfighterwasnoneofourbusiness.Itwasthe shippingwewereafter. "Afewmomentslater,thegunnerreportedthathecouldnolongerseethe fighter,andthepilotpickeduphiscourse.Tenminuteslater,thewarningwas renewed,andthepilotagaintookavoidingaction,glancingoverhisshouldertosee ifhecouldmanoeuvreintopositiontoshoot,shoulditbeButthese necessary. encountersarebrief,andwelosttouch,nottoseetheGermanagain. "Duringtherestofthepatrol,theBeauforttraverseditssectionofthe Channelsothoroughly,andthecrewcouldseesoclearlyinthemoonlightthatitwas certainthatnoenemyshipshaddaredtoventureout. " ’Therearesofewtargets',thepilotsighedashesetcourseforhome. "ItisoftenTheGermans don'tseemtofancysendingtheirshipsthrough so. theChannelverynight,andthosethatdoattemptthejourneyrarelyget much,evenat through.Reconnaissanceaircraftspotthem,andthebombersandtorpedo-carrying aircraftattack. "Afterall,itistheENGLISHChannel,andoursisoneofthemany "Squadronsthatiskeepingitso," 3/j/W-No.26 IOISTRYOFFOODANIIOUNCEi.ENTS lIAITEHPRICESFORHOLEGROWAPPLES « TheMinisterofFood,hasmadeanewOrdercontrollingthepricesofhomegrown apples,whichcomesintoforceonMondaynext,SeptemberBth,Thepreviouscontrol Orderisrevoicedfromthatdate. TheOrderclassifies new applesintotwogroups;Group1.consistsofCox’s OrangePippin,Ellison’sOrangeandLaxton’sSuperb;Group2,ofallother varietiesexcluding"smallapples","Smallapples"aredefinedasthoseofless thantwoinchesdiameterandmaybesoldbygrowersorwholesalerstolicensed preserversonly. ThenevzOrderfixesmaximumgrowers’wholesaleandretailprices.Themaximum retailpricesareasfollows:- Group1«Group2• WWrr-»- 2,"WW EnglandandHales,except Northumberland,Cumberland andDurham15.3d.,perlb.9d.perlb. lb. Scotland,Northumberland, CumberlandandDurham.Is.J-gd.do.do. NorthernIrelandIs.2d,do.Bd. 8d«do. do. Growerswhohavemorethanoneacreofapplesmustselltheircroponlyto toprimarywholesa.lersandwhotradingin manufacturers,orsellingagentswere applesonJanuary1,1940*Growerswithanacreorlessofapplesmayselltheir apples(includingsmallapples)towholesalers,retailers,orconsumersatthe appropriatemaximumprices. STOCK-TAKINGINFOODSHOPSINTHE,EVENTOFINVASION Intheeventofthreatofinvasion,itmayprovenecessaryincertainareas tocloseretailfoodshopsandcateringestablishmentsforafewhoursinorder thatareturnofthestocksinhandmaybemadetothelocalrepresentativeof theMinistryofFood. Theshopswillbere-openedasquicklyaspossibleandwillafterwards distributeanddisposeoftheirstocksinaccordancewithinstructionsgivenby theofFood.Thesearrangementsmaylittleinconvenienceat Ministrycausea thetimebutwillbeessentialifafairdistributionofsuppliesinthearea istobeensured, PRIORITYSUPPLIESFORAIR-RAIDSHELTERCANTEENS TheMinistryofFoodannouncesthatcaterersmanagingcanteensinair-raid shelters,whorequiresuppliesofanyofthearticlesdealtwithintheMinistry’s PriorityScheme,mayapplytotheDivisionalFoodOfficerforthenecessaryforms farregistrationaspriorityestablishmentsentitledtoreceivesuppliesofthese goods.Thearticlesinquestionarebakedbeans,biscuits,cakeandflour non-alcoholic confectionery,ooooapowder,coffeeessence,mineralwaters, cordials,herbaland"botanicbeers,fruitjuices,syrupsandsquashes,starchfood powders(cornflour,custardpowderandblancmangepowder). registrationthecanteenmanagerwillreceivefullinstructionshowto on On proceedtoobtainsupplies. - 2- LICENSINGOFTRADHISUNDERTHEFOOD(RESTRICTION "'ONDi^LINGSI^ORDER,1941 TheMnistryofFoodannouncesthattradersshouldapply immediatelyforlicencestotrade,otherwisethanbyretail,in allthefoodslistedinthescheduletotheFood(Restrictionon Dealings)Order,1941,exceptbutter,cheese,baconandfreshfruit andvegetables.Separateannouncementsaboutthesefoodswillbe madelater. Fulldetailsandtheaddressesfromwhichapplicationforms maybeobtainedcanbeascertainedfromTradeAssociationsor fromtheTradePress. 4*+++++++++++++++ MINISTRYOFFOOD . No.,2£. ThefollowingextractsfromDieZeitimg,the anti-NazinewspaperpublishedinEngland,maybe ofinterest Witnessesnotdesired ThePolicePresidentofWilhelmshavenhasissuedadecree whichallowsthelettingofroomsforeigners., toortheir receptionasguests,onlybyspecialpermit.Thedecreeis retrospective. Wilhelmshavenisofthe Possiblereason:afrequenttarget R.A.F. +++++++++++++++++ ForeignExchangethroughPlunder WhentheNazisinNorwaydecreedtheconfiscationofall radiosets,theNorwegiansdeliveredneitherthecasingnorthe loudspeakerbutonlythereceivingsetitself.Thereuponthe Nazisputnewordersinthenewspapersinwhichtheyaskedfor thedeliveryofthecompletesets. TheNorwegianssoonlearnedthereasonsforthisorder: theGermansdespatchedthesesetstoSwitzerlandandsoldthem forgoodSwissfrancs. +++++++++++++++++ Paradise(PureAryan) Dr.Leyisthereagain..Forweekshisvoicehasbeenabsent fromtheair,buttheotherheardagainDeutschlandsender: day/wason "Paradisemaybebeautiful,butitcan’tbemorebeautiful thenGermany,Germanyisthethecreed, contents,theconfession, thetruth,theonlyrealfactwith'whichwecanreckon,Germany onlygivesusallourstrength.Germanybotheconfession(with asobinhisvoice);whatislifewithoutGermany?Ouradversaries donotknowthestrengthwhichisintheGerman.Thesemarvellous peoplehavenotlosttheirconnectionwithstrength.Yea,the kingdomoftheLordisathand,itisinourmidst." -——-oOo—-’-—=•—- * ■ 3*9.41No.28 • ICTISTRYOF10.15COiIIUNIQUE Upto8p.m.therehasbeen,nothingtoreport. +-I-+++++-'-+ ‘ '''• . i 4 UrgentNews.A.11.BulletinN0.4955. RoyalNirForceawardsN0,260. TheKinghasbeengraciouslypleasedtoapprovethe followingawardsinrecognitionofgallantrydisplayedinflying operationsagainsttheenemy:- BartotheDistinguishedFlyingCross. WingCommanderJohnWoodburnGILLEN, D.F.C,,A.P.O.Thisofficer hasledtheWingonnineteenoccasionssinceJuly1941,andhis fineleadershipandcoolcouragehavebeenaninspirationtohis fellowpilotsthroughoutalloperations.Onthreerecentescort missions?WingCommanderGillanhasdisplayedespecialskilland determination.Hehasdestroyedoneanddamagedanotherenemy aircraft. .ActingWingCommanderDouglasRobertStewartBADER,D.S.O.,D.F.C, Thisfearlesspilothasrecentlyaddedafurtherfourenemy aircrafttohisprevioussuccesses;inadditionhehasprobably destroyedanotherfouranddamagedfivehostileaircraft.Byhis fineleadershipandhighcourage.WingCommanderBaderhasinspired theWingoneveryoccasion. ActingSquadronLeaderPeterWilliamOlberMOULD,D.F.C,N0.185 Squadron.Thisofficerhasledthesquadronon62daylightsorties sinceMay1941;inaddition,hehascarriedout7nightsorties. Underhisleadershiptheunithasdestroyedeight,probably destroyedfourteenanddamagedsevenhostileaircraft;Squadron LeaderMouldhasdestroyedoneanddancgcidtwo.Byhis magnificent exampleandcourage,SquadronLoaderMouldhascontributedlargely tothehighstandardofoperationalefficiencyandmoraleofthe Squadron. ActingFlightLieutenantBrendanFINUCANE,D.F.C.N0>452(R.C.A.F.) Squadron.ThisofficerhasledhisFlightwithgreatdash, determinationanddouragointheJuly faceoftheenemy.Since 1941,hehasdestroyedthreeenemyaircraftandassistedinthe destructionofafurthertwo.FlightLieutenantFinucanchas beenlargelyresponsibleforthefinefightingspiritoftheunit. FlyingOfficerAdrianWARBURTON,D.F.O.N0.69Squadron.Thisofficer isamostdeterminedandskilfulpilot.Hehascarriedout125 operationalmissions.FlyingOfficerWarburtonhasneverfailed tocompletethemissionshehasundertaken,and,intheactions fought,hohasdestroyedatleastthreehostileaircraftincombat andanother5ontheground. DistinguishedFlyingCross. ActingFlightLieutenantWilliamPelhamHOPKINN0.602Squadron. FlightTieutenantHopkinhasconstantlybeeninactionsinceJuly 1940,andhasatalltimesshowngreatkeennessanddetermination toengagetheenemy.Duringrecentoperations,hehasproveda capableflightleaderandhasdestroyedatleastfiveenemyaircraft. ActingFlightLieutenantErieRICHARDSON,N0.258Squadron.This officerhasbeenengagedinoperationsagainsttheenemyforover ayearandhasdestroyedtwoanddamagedtwohostileaircraft.He participatedinevacuationpatrolsinFranceinJune1940,and, laterbn,foughtintheBattleofBritain.SinceFebruary1941, FlightLieutenantRichardsonhastakenineleven partbomber escortsandfourchannelHuhas sweeps.displayeddevotionto dutyandhassetanexcellentexamplethroughout. (cont.) 2. FlyingOfficerRos-erkennelsDRID7,N0,39Squadron.InJuly1941, thisofficercarriedoutanattackontheaerodromeatZuara. .aircraftonthegroundworemachinegunned,onebeingdestroyedand othersdamaged.PlyingOfficer-vrewhasalsobeenresponsiblefor thedestructionofthreeItalianflyingboats.Hehascompleted 120operationalflights,.Includinganumberofreconnbinsanees, and,througho-hehasdisplayedskillandenthusiasm. PilotOfficcrJackDUCKIDYRoyalloresVplunteerreserve,Ho. 105Squadron.Innugust1941,thisofficerattackeda9000ton merchantshipoffLampedusaIsland.Destroyers,torpedoboatsand alargenumberoflighterswereremovingacargoofmotortransport atthetimebutlilotOfficerDudleyattackedthroughacurtainof o fireand,although-woundedduringtherun-in,scoredhitssettingthe shiponfire.Subsequentreconnaissancerevealedthata700ton sloopwasalsosunkasaresultoftheattack. PilotOfficerduglaszurizPOX.Jigyal^ir.ForcjLVoluntee.rRescrve, N0.149Souadroa.Onanightinaugust1941,thisofficerwas detailedtoattackatargetatHanover«flyingthroughtwo electricalstorms,hisaircraftwashitbyanti-aircraftfirebut PilotOfficerRonflowon.Hewas,however,unabletolocatehis target,althoughhospentanhourinadeterminedefforttodoso. PilotOfficerFox,therefore,bombedanalternativetargetinthetown ofMindenfromaheightof3000feet,afterwardsflyingoverthetown atrooftopheightusinghismachineguns. Onthereturnjourney,hisaircraftwasattackedbyanenemy fighterandseverelydamaged.PilotOfficerFoxshookoffthe fighterbut,lateron,wasattackedbyanother,whichwasprobably destroyed.PilotOfficerFoxflewhisaircraftbacktothiscountry but,whensomesixmilesfromhisbase.,thefuelwasexhaustedandhe wasforcedtolandhurriedlyfromalowheight. _iSaresult,theaircraftcrashedandPilotOfficerRoxwas trappedinthewreckagefortwoandahalfhours.Thisofficer displayedgrea'determinationandcouragethroughout.Onaprevious PilouOfficerFoxdisplayedsimilarfearlessnesswhen atoacxingHamburg. Distinguishoc.ll.yingaiedxJL’ 74.852.5Sergeant-urthurCharlesLPTOH,Royal„.irForce.Volunteer Reserve,No.oilSquadron.,Thisairmanpilothasdisplayedgreat skillandcourageinoperations,includingfiftysweepsoverenemy territory.SergeantLeighhasdestroyoo.twoMesserschmitt109*s, probablydestroyedanotherfourandassistedinthedestructionofa Dornier17.Hisjudgmentanddeterminationespeciallyinlowflying attacksoverNorthernFrance,havesonanexcellentexample. i.o'lJ-3Oi1CxxP*inns. wingCommanderGillen,D..jCdCf-is34.HewasbornatNainiTai,' India.His,fatherlivesatLdinburgh,HewaseducatedattheImperial ServicesCollege,..‘indsor,andatCranwell.Hewascommissionedin 1927.HewaspromotedSquadronLeaderin1937andWingCommanderin June1940.HewasawardedtheC.asaNewYearHonourin1939 followinghisflightinaHawkerHurricanefromTurnhousetoNortholt atanascertainedspeedof4080 75nnphTheDr.P.O.wasawardedin July1940. 3. WingCommanderBader,D.S.O., D.P'.C.thefamousleglesspilot,nowa prisonerofwarinGermany,wonthe_.S.O.inSeptember1940,the D.P.C.inDecember1940andabartotheu.S.O.inJuly1941.The storyofhiscareer'JastoldinA.LI.BulletinsNo.1784andRo.lBoo whenhowontheD.S.O.andbar. acting;SquadronLeaderl.iould,D.P.C..wasbornatHa11aton, Uppingham,in1917.Heenlistedintheasanaircraft apprenticein1934,wasawardedaCranwellcadetshipin1937,and obtainedhiscommissionin1939.Hishomeisat..aidaVale.He wonthen.P.C.whenapilotofficerinJuly1940. actingPlightLieutenantL'inucane,_D.H.,C.wasbornin1920atDublin. HewaseducatedattheChristianBros.O’ConnellSchools,Lublin. HewascommissionedinAugust1939.HisfatherlivesatRichmond, Surrey.HewasawardedtheD.P.C.,whenPlyingOfficer,inHay a _ 1941.Itwasthenstatedthathehaddestroyedatleastfiveenemy aircraft.BulletinN0.3729). PlyingOfficer./arburton,D.P.C.wasbornatHiddLlesburghin1918. HismotherlivesatAnfield.HewaseducatedatSt.Lidward’sSchool, Oxford,andjoinedtheTerritorialsin1937asaPrivateintheRoyal TankCorps(22ndLondonArmouredCarCoy.),Hewascommissionedin the’R.2-i.P.inJanuary1939.HewontheD.P.C.inPcbruary1941, whenitwasstatedthajjhehadcarriedoutnumerouslongdistance reconnaissanceflightsandhadtakenpartinnightaircombats.In October1940,hedestroyedanenemyaircraftandagaininDecemberhe shotdownan enemybomberinflames(A.Li.BulletinN0.2893).■' // x-ictingPlightLieutenantHopkin,wasbornin1921atBlunham, Bedfordshire,wherehisfatherlives.HewaseducatedatDeanClosd, Cheltenham,andwascommissionedinSeptember1939. ActingPlightLieutenantRichardsonwasasergeantintheH.x..P.Kafore beingcommissionedinLarch1941.HewaspromotedActingPlight LieutenantinJuly1941. PlyingOfficerDrewwasbornin1919at.Brixham,Devon.Hismother livesatCroydon.HewaseducatedatNorburyCollegeandPitman’s College,Croydon.HewascommissionedinOctober1939. PilotOfficerBuckleywasbornin1915atWarganni,'NewZealand,where hisfatherlives.HeenlistedintheinLarch1940,becamea sergeantpilotandwascommissionedinDecember1940. PilotOfficerPoxwasaLeadingaircraftmaninthebefore beingcommissionedinPebruary1941.HisfatherlivesatAberdeen. SergeantLeigh.wasbornin1919atGreenwich.Hisfatherlivesat Cambridge.Hewasashopmanagerbeforeenlistinginthe inJuly1939aspilot. Photographof3cua.dronLeader.' HouldisavailableHl from3121*.» DirectorateofPublicRelations, AirMinistry, KingCharlesStreet, Whitehall,S.W.I. 3rdSepteraber,1941.