A considerable amount of literature has been published on the thermal properties of the short carbon fiber reinforced composites (SCFRC). However, no study has focused on the effect of the various matrix materials on the thermal properties of the SCFRC. The aim of this study is to investigate the thermal propertiesof neat and composite PETG, PC/PBT, ABS, and Nylon filled with short carbon fibers. In order to do this, thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of the samples were measured. Thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analyses were performed to study degradation, glass transition temperature, and specific heat value. The findings of the study are essential in reporting the relationships between the SCFRCs and commonly used polymer materials.