Variable Sodium Absorption In A Low-Extinction Type Ia Supernova

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dc.contributor.utaustinauthorWheeler, J. Craigen_US
dc.creatorSimon, Joshua D.en_US
dc.creatorGal-Yam, Avishayen_US
dc.creatorGnat, Orlyen_US
dc.creatorQuimby, Robert M.en_US
dc.creatorGaneshalingam, Mohanen_US
dc.creatorSilverman, Jeffrey M.en_US
dc.creatorBlondin, Stephaneen_US
dc.creatorLi, Weidong D.en_US
dc.creatorFilippenko, Alexei V.en_US
dc.creatorWheeler, J. Craigen_US
dc.creatorKirshner, Robert P.en_US
dc.creatorPatat, Ferdinandoen_US
dc.creatorNugent, Peteren_US
dc.creatorFoley, Ryan J.en_US
dc.creatorVogt, Steven S.en_US
dc.creatorButler, R. Paulen_US
dc.creatorPeek, Kathryn M. G.en_US
dc.creatorRosolowsky, Eriken_US
dc.creatorHerczeg, Gregory J.en_US
dc.creatorSauer, Daniel N.en_US
dc.creatorMazzali, Paolo A.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2016-04-28T19:31:59Z
dc.date.available2016-04-28T19:31:59Z
dc.date.issued2009-09en
dc.description.abstractRecent observations have revealed that some Type Ia supernovae exhibit narrow, time-variable Na I D absorption features. The origin of the absorbing material is controversial, but it may suggest the presence of circumstellar gas in the progenitor system prior to the explosion, with significant implications for the nature of the supernova (SN) progenitors. We present the third detection of such variable absorption, based on six epochs of high-resolution spectroscopy of the Type Ia supernova SN 2007le from the Keck I Telescope and the Hobby - Eberly Telescope. The data span a time frame of approximately three months, from 5 days before maximum light to 90 days after maximum. We find that one component of the Na I D absorption lines strengthened significantly with time, indicating a total column density increase of similar to 2.5 x 10(12) cm(-2). The data limit the typical timescale for the variability to be more than 2 days but less than 10 days. The changes appear to be most prominent after maximum light rather than at earlier times when the ultraviolet flux from the SN peaks. As with SN 2006X, we detect no change in the Ca II H and K absorption lines over the same time period, rendering line-of-sight effects improbable and suggesting a circumstellar origin for the absorbing material. Unlike the previous two supernovae exhibiting variable absorption, SN 2007le is not highly reddened (EB-V = 0.27 mag), also pointing toward circumstellar rather than interstellar absorption. Photoionization calculations show that the data are consistent with a dense (10(7) cm(-3)) cloud or clouds of gas located similar to 0.1 pc (3 x 10(17) cm) from the explosion. These results broadly support the single-degenerate scenario previously proposed to explain the variable absorption, with mass loss from a nondegenerate companion star responsible for providing the circumstellar gas. We also present possible evidence for narrow Ha emission associated with the SN, which will require deep imaging and spectroscopy at late times to confirm.en_US
dc.description.departmentAstronomyen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipCarnegie Institution of Washingtonen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipIsraeli Science Foundationen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipEU Seventh Framework Programme Marie Curie IRG fellowshipen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipMinistry of Science, Culture Sport, Israelen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipMinistry of Research, Franceen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipNSF AST-0707769, AST-0607485, AST 0606772en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipUS Department of Energy DE-FG02-08ER41563en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipTABASGO Foundationen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipSun Microsystems, Incen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipHewlett-Packard Companyen_US
dc.identifierdoi:10.15781/T2HF87
dc.identifier.Filename2009_09_variablesodium.pdfen_US
dc.identifier.citationSimon, Joshua D., Avishay Gal-Yam, Orly Gnat, Robert M. Quimby, Mohan Ganeshalingam, Jeffrey M. Silverman, Stephane Blondin et al. "Variable sodium absorption in a low-extinction type Ia supernova." The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 702, No. 2 (Sep., 2009): 1157.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1088/0004-637x/702/2/1157en_US
dc.identifier.issn0004-637Xen_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2152/34660
dc.language.isoEnglishen_US
dc.relation.ispartofen_US
dc.relation.ispartofserialAstrophysical Journalen_US
dc.rightsAdministrative deposit of works to Texas ScholarWorks: This works author(s) is or was a University faculty member, student or staff member; this article is already available through open access or the publisher allows a PDF version of the article to be freely posted online. The library makes the deposit as a matter of fair use (for scholarly, educational, and research purposes), and to preserve the work and further secure public access to the works of the University.en_US
dc.rights.restrictionOpenen_US
dc.subjectcircumstellar matteren_US
dc.subjectsupernovae: generalen_US
dc.subjectsupernovae: individual (snen_US
dc.subject1999cl, sn 2006x, sn 2007le)en_US
dc.subjectswift ultraviolet/optical telescopeen_US
dc.subjecthigh-velocity featuresen_US
dc.subjectbrahes 1572en_US
dc.subjectsupernovaen_US
dc.subjectstandard type iaen_US
dc.subjectdark energyen_US
dc.subjectsecondary staren_US
dc.subjectlight-echoen_US
dc.subjectcircumstellar interactionen_US
dc.subjectinterstellar absorptionen_US
dc.subjectspectrum synthesisen_US
dc.subjectastronomy & astrophysicsen_US
dc.titleVariable Sodium Absorption In A Low-Extinction Type Ia Supernovaen_US
dc.typeReviewen_US

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