The diffusion of less restrictive FDL felon disenfranchisement laws in the U.S.

Approximately 6.1 million Americans have currently lost their right to vote due to a felon disenfranchisement law (FDL). Forty-eight states participate in this punitive practice but vary in their level of restriction. This report explores the reasons for this variability by analyzing the diffusion of FDL, its transformation, and the growth of less restrictive versions over time. It uses policy diffusion as a theoretical lens to test for the role of internal determinants and external mechanisms driving the diffusion of less restrictive FDL. To further understand this policy shift, this report also examines the policy history of states with policy reversals and specifically discusses recent policy changes in multiple states. We conclude this report with key findings and the role of public opinion in further research.