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    Redescription of teeth and epithelial plates from the platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) : morphological and evolutionary implications

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    LATIMER-THESIS-2014.pdf (33.45Mb)
    Date
    2014-05
    Author
    Latimer, Ashley Emilie
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    Abstract
    The evolutionary history of mammals, when including extinct taxa, is mainly reconstructed using tooth morphology and employs terminology based on non-monotreme mammals. Although adult monotremes are edentulous, juvenile platypuses have teeth that can be compared with extinct monotremes, but terminology can be a barrier to efficient comparison to non-monotreme mammals. Deciduous teeth and thickened epithelial plates of the extant platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus, are sparsely figured in the literature. New imagery of those teeth and plates from high-resolution x-ray computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy contribute to the understanding of mammal evolution and the unique morphology of platypus teeth. The teeth of the juveniles are highly variable, but early-forming features (major cusps and transverse valleys) are stable enough for comparison. Transverse lophs on monotreme teeth contain complexity not reflected in cusps alone, unlike therian mammals. These differences reinforce the need for caution when applying dental terminology that originally was produced for therian mammals. New imagery highlights potential phylogenetically informative morphology in the pulp cavity and roots. As the roots of the juvenile teeth degenerate, the epithelium below the teeth thickens into epithelial plates. Structures in the epithelial plates are broadly similar to those found in the keratin plates. New images of the epithelial plates offer insight into a series of tubes concentrated under the juvenile teeth. The tubes are a continuous conduit to the plate surface and may serve a sensory function or result from the ever-growing nature of the epithelial plate.
    Department
    Geological Sciences
    Description
    text
    Subject
    Platypus
    Ornithorhynchus anatinus
    Teeth
    Epithelial plates
    Morphology
    Evolution
    Monotreme
    Non-monotreme
    Mammals
    Dental terminology
    Cornule
    Keratin plate
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/2152/25675
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    • facebook
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    • CONTACT US
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    © The University of Texas at Austin