With a time asymmetric theory, in which quantum mechanical time evolution is given by a semigroup of operators rather than by a group, the states of open systems are represented by density operators exhibiting a branching ...

Through-silicon via (TSV) is a critical element connecting stacked dies in three-dimensional (3D) integration. The mismatch of thermal expansion coefficients between the Cu via and Si can generate significant stresses in ...

Previous researchers have demonstrated that the transmission of surface waves is effective to estimate the depth of a surface-breaking crack in solids. However, most of the results were obtained using a well-defined crack ...

We investigate the temperature-dependent resistivity of single-crystalline films of LaxLu1-xAs over the 5-300 K range. The resistivity was separated into lattice, carrier and impurity scattering regions. The effect of ...

The low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) 4U 1822-371 has an accretion disk corona (ADC) that scatters X-ray photons from the inner disk and neutron star out of the line of sight. It has a high orbital inclination and the secondary ...

Using a one-zone model, we study the gravitational fragmentation of baryonic cold streams flowing into a typical first galaxy at high redshift to predict the expected fragmentation mass scale and thus a characteristic mass ...

Using current-sweep measurements, the set process in SiOx-based resistive random access memory (RRAM) has been found to consist of multiple resistance-reduction steps. Variation in set behaviors was observed and attributed ...

Lower Hybrid [LH] ray propagation in toroidal plasma is controlled by a combination of the azimuthal spectrum launched from the antenna, the poloidal variation of the magnetic field, and the scattering of the waves by the ...

Electrons, optical phonons, and acoustic phonons are often driven out of local equilibrium in electronic devices or during laser-material interaction processes. The need for a better understanding of such non-equilibrium ...

DC electrical conductivity, Seebeck and Hall coefficients are measured between 300 and 450 K on single crystals of monoclinic bismuth vanadate that are doped n-type with 0.3% tungsten donors (W:BiVO4). Strongly activated ...