Browsing by Subject "Reaction time"

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Effects of Visual Distraction on Reaction Time in a Simulated Traffic Environment
(Council for Advanced Transportation Studies, 1977-03) Holahan, C. Josh
Existing studies of the relationship between visual distractors and traffic accidents are both limited and contradictory. The present study investigates the effect of: (a) number of distractors, (b) color of distractors, and (c) location of distractors, on the perception of a target stimulus. Reaction time was the response measure. Analysis of variance showed that all three dimensions have a significant effect on reaction time, with location having the greatest effect. Conclusions are that: (1) legal limits be placed on distractors, and (2) engineering decisions be oriented toward counteracting the potential negative effects of the background distractors.
Interactions in short-term implicit memory and inhibition of return
(2006) Feinstein, Tatjana; Gilden, David Loren, 1954
Research presented in this dissertation examines the nature of interactions that arise between visual features in short-term implicit memory. When stimulus features change from trial to trial, repetitions and alternations of each of the component dimensions will interact to influence reaction time. Often, for a stimulus defined by multiple features, when the task-relevant feature repeats from the previous trial responding is fastest when the task-irrelevant features also repeat. When the response feature changes, responses are faster when the task-irrelevant features change as well. Nine experiments were conducted. Experiments 1 through 4 used stimuli defined by two features, using various combinations of Position, Color, Geometric Shape, and Letter Shape, and each feature served as both a task-relevant and task-irrelevant dimension between experiments. These experiments found that different features will influence each other asymmetrically and that influence may be partially determined by how quickly each features is processed. We also examine the duration of interactions through kernel analysis (Maljkovic & Nakayama, 1994; 1996; 2000). By eliminating the need to respond on every trial, Experiments 5 and 6 explore the role that executing a response plays in creating interactions. Interactions still appear between features in a cue-target design, but their strengths are not identical to those that arise in continuous responding tasks. Finally, Experiments 7, 8, and 9 argue that Inhibition of Return (IOR) appears to be a special case of this larger set of interactions that are generic to reaction time sequences where stimulus features change from trial to trial. IOR has been interpreted primarily in terms of mechanisms that prevent the return of attention to locations where it has recently been allocated, however we propose a new account of the classic IOR data pattern that is based on the ways in which object features are integrated in short term implicit memory.
Visual-vocal reaction time : its relation to the reading process
(1929) Duncan, Bertha Kathleen; Not available