Browsing by Subject "Libya"

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Let them eat war : the effect of the Libyan Arab Spring on Texas' oil field economy
(2012-05) Badlissi, Frederick Joseph; Todd, Russell G.; Alves, Rosental C.
At the beginning of 2011, independence movements arose across the Middle East and stoked the fires of revolution in nations like Libya, Egypt and Syria. Colloquially known as “The Arab Spring,” the movement toppled dictatorships that had existed for decades. Those dictatorships also provided stability for foreign business conducted in their countries, including Texan oil field companies. But as civil unrest persists and the political story unfolds, Texan oil field companies continue to do business in the region, largely unabated. This report addresses the effects of the Arab Spring on the performance of select Texan oil field companies operating in Libya.
Letter to H.B. Stenzel from M.J. Meijer on 1964-10-26
(1964-10-26) Meijer, M.J.
Letter to H.B. Stenzel from M.J. Meijer on 1964-11-17
(1964-11-17) Meijer, M.J.
Letter to H.B. Stenzel from Max Meijer on 1963-11-26
(1963-11-26) Meijer, Max
Letter to H.B. Stenzel from William A. Berggren on 1963-01-22
(1963-01-22) Berggren, William A.
Letter to H.B. Stenzel from William A. Berggren on 1966-03-31
(1966-03-31) Berggren, William A.
Letter to L.R. Cox from H.B. Stenzel on 1964-01-03
(1964-01-03) Stenzel, Henryk B.
Letter to M. J. Meijer from H.B. Stenzel on 1964-01-07
(1964-01-07) Stenzel, H.B.
Letter to M. J. Meijer from H.B. Stenzel on 1965-01-15
(1965-01-15) Stenzel, H.B.
Letter to William A. Berggren from J.H. Pittinger on 1962-10-10
(1962-10-10) Pittinger, J.H.
“Only God Knows” : the emergence of a family movement against state violence in Libya
(2016-08-16) Zarrugh, Amina Riad; Charrad, M. (Mounira); Adut, Ari; Auyero, Javier; Merabet, Sofian; Young, Michael P
This study investigates how individuals organize against state violence in the context of an authoritarian state through an examination of the development of the “Association of the Families of the Martyrs of the Abū Salīm Prison Massacre” in Libya. This association of families was formed in 2007 to seek knowledge of the whereabouts of forcibly disappeared and imprisoned relatives who are believed to be victims in a contested massacre at Abū Salīm Prison in 1996. For years, families visited the prison, bringing packages of food and clothing, in the hopes of visiting their disappeared relatives. Their persistence, from inquiring about their relatives’ whereabouts to eventually organizing public demonstrations, constituted an unprecedented public resistance to the regime of Mu‘amar Gaddafi, who ruled one of the world’s most repressive authoritarian systems for over forty years. Through interviews with members of the family association from both eastern and western regions of the country, I trace how the organization emerged through connections between families in Libya. This case illustrates how an important form of collective mobilization rests in the context of the family, for which I develop the term “family movements.” I argue that family movements, which can include mobilizations exclusively among mothers or can more broadly encompass mobilizations that draw on any relation of kinship, represent a significant mode of collective action in authoritarian states cross-nationally. This analysis has implications for many sites, as for example in Latin America, where disappearance has been an integral strategy of state repression. Despite the power of forced disappearance as a mode of effacing political dissidence, the practice produces several unintended consequences. Namely, the absent body prevents families from experiencing closure, the ambiguity of which opens a space for the relatives left behind to mobilize. The uncertainty of death, and the protracted mourning process it induces, as well as the ongoing inquiries of the families sustain mobilization in a way that social movement scholars have not fully recognized. This study therefore contributes to our understandings of forced disappearance as a strategy of repression and explores the central role of the families in contesting this form of state violence.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973 (2011): Libya in the Dock
(The Bernard and Audre Rapoport Center for Human Rights and Justice, 2011-06) Harlow, Barbara; Kahozi, Daniel; Lixinski, Lucas; Carter, Caroline
This paper examines Libya’s most recent (and ongoing) uprising—following the largely peaceful popular overthrows of the repressive governments in neighboring Tunisia and Egypt (and complemented by the more violent and still unresolved confrontations in Bahrain, Yemen, Syria, and in sub-Saharan Africa from Uganda to Swaziland as well) in the first months of 2011. Quickly as that uprising spread, however, from Benghazi in the eastern part of the country to al-Zawiya in the west, Libya’s notorious leader marshaled his superior, if largely outdated, military resources, even against the multiple defections from within his own ranks, to brutally quell the opposition forces. This context serves for an exploration of how the “international community” and its institutions, especially at the United Nations, respond to similar events, and what these responses mean for the multiple narratives about human rights, their potential and pitfalls, their bright and dark consequences. By exploring some of the multiple narratives about events in Libya, this paper offers some elements to unweave the narratives of human rights discourses. Written in late spring/early summer 2011, our discussion, from our respective disciplinary and critical perspectives, offers some of the historical background and legal and political conundrums to the current developments in the Libyan situation – and the continuing questions that arise as Libya makes its way in post-Qaddafi circumstances.