IC² Institute Working Papers

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/2152/14287

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 40

Newer Concepts of Management, Profits, and Profitability: Summaries and New Directions
(IC² Institute, 1973-10) Kozmetsky, George; Ruefli, Timothy W.
Forecast of the impact of new information technologies on management in the period 1971-1990. Summarizes and extends three studies commissioned by the Conference Board in 1970.
Transforming Texas and the Nation: Productivity Through Entrepreneurship and Risk-taking
(IC² Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 1983-09) Kozmetsky, George; Smilor, Raymond W.
The authors call for the state of Texas to meet 25% of its need for new job creation through technology venturing, which they estimate to be 42,500 jobs per year or 820,000 new jobs over twenty years. In order to achieve this goal, they propose a number of measures: the expansion of Federal defense R&D in Texas, which they view as an investment and not simply as expenditure; the development of the Texas entrepreneurial infrastructure; expansion of the capital venture base; and establishment of a state seed-funding program for early-stage tech ventures.
Impacts of Deregulation on Performance and Management of the Largest American Transportation Companies
(IC² Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 1986-01) Ruefli, Timothy W.
The effects of the past quarter century of deregulation on the transportation industry in the United States are many and varied. Impacts have been felt at the level of the industry as a whole, at the level of mode-based industry sub-groups, and at the level of individual firms. Analyses and depictions of these impacts have appeared in numerous books and journal articles. In this paper a new, empirically based, methodological approach to industry analysis will be employed to evaluate and illustrate the impacts of deregulation on the relevant levels of this industry in terms of its largest firms. The results of this analysis will be seen to be largely complementary to previous analyses, but will go beyond them in being able to identify in quantitative terms differential impacts of regulatory and other events on individual firms, groups of firms, and the industry from a unified methodological point of view. A later version of this paper appeared in Technovation, volume 5, issues 1–3, October 1986, Pages 35-60, doi 10.1016/0166-4972(86)90043-X.
The Austin/San Antonio Corridor: The Dynamics of a Developing Technopolis
(IC² Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 1987-03) Smilor, Raymond W.; Kozmetsky, George; Gibson, David V.
Examination of the factors contributing to the development of the Austin/San Antonio corridor as a high-technology center in the years 1945-1986. The paper uses a conceptual framework called the Technopolis Wheel, which identifies seven segments as fundamental in regional high-tech growth: university, large and small technology companies, state-local-and federal government, and support groups (e.g. chambers of commerce). The major contribution of the paper is its emphasis on using multiple data sources to measure the relative importance of these segments. It concludes with case studies of Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation (MCC) in Austin and the biotechnology sector in San Antonio.
Beware of Historians Bearing False Analogies
(IC² Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 1988-03) Rostow, Walter W.
A response to the book "The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers" by Paul Kennedy (1987).
Estimation of the Time Path of the Supply Price of an Exhaustible Resource: The Case of Oil and Natural Gas
(IC² Institute, 1988-06) Thore, Sten; Sinha, Kingshuk K.
Explores the interplay of geopolitical, economic, geological and operational factors that may disrupt the gradual upwards shift of the supply price of non-replenishable resources, specifically oil and natural gas. Describes the econometric identification of the supply price curve for oil and gas in the U.S. using two alternative independent variables: total footage drilled and number of wells completed. Develops a new constrained least squares method, the Thore regression map, of studying shifts of the supply price function over time and uses the techniques to estimate supply price drift. Provides, for the first time, statistical evidence of the time path of the drift upwards of these schedules. Shows that the shifts accelerate during times of upheaval in the oil markets, reflecting the need for a higher risk premium, but may be delayed during times of industry consolidation. A by-product of the analysis is a format for forecasting the supply price of an exhaustible resource.
Chance-Constrained Efficiency Analysis
(IC² Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 1990-01) Land, Kenneth C.; Lovell, C. A. Knox; Thore, Sten
Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is extended to the case of stochastic inputs and outputs through the use of chance-constrained programming. The chance-constrained envelope envelops a given set of observations "most of the time." We show that the chance-constrained enveloping process leads to the definition of a conventional (certainty-equivalent) efficiency ratio (a ratio between weighted outputs and weighted inputs). Furthermore, extending the concept of Pareto and Koopmans efficiency to the case of chance-constrained dominance (to be defined), we establish the identity of the following two chance-constrained efficiency concepts: (i) the chance constrained DEA efficiency measure of a particular output-input point is unity, and all chance-constraints are binding; (ii) the point is efficient in the sense Pareto and Koopmans. Finally we discuss the implications of our approach for econometric frontier analysis.
Korea in the New World Order
(IC² Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 1991-04) Rostow, Walter W.
Working paper developed from a lecture presented in Seoul about the role of Korea in the New World Order. Summarizes the historical background of the concept of a New World Order and its evolution after the Gulf War of 1990-91. Describes the fundamental issue behind the New World Order as whether the global diffusion of technological capacity in the late 20th century (and the associated spread of the capability to produce weapons of mass destruction) must lead to chaos, or can be organized in a stable peace. Asserts the important role of regional as well as global institutions in building a New World Order, citing historical successes and failures in Europe, the Middle East, the Americas, and the Pacific Basin. Discusses the importance of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) and the key role of the Republic of Korea in expanding and strengthening APEC in order to create peace and economic development throughout the Pacific Basin.
Committed Costs vs. Uncertainty in New Product Development
(IC² Institute, 1993-01) Phillips, Fred Y.; Srivastava, R.
Discusses the nature of committed and determined costs in a new product development project, and quantifies their relationship to project uncertainty. Introduces the concept of product, process, schedule and market (PPSM) intelligence and emphasizes its use for jointly considering marketing and production factors in project evaluation. Uses a discriminate function-based measure of information gain to compare committed cost, incurred cost and information gain over the life of a development project leading to a risk profile that may be constructed from the observed behavior of the firm, without the use of hypothetical lotteries. Shows, using data from two companies, that this cost-risk construct is meaningful and can provide guidance for operational decisions in the new product development process.
A Retrospective and Prospects of the Fifth Generation Computer Project
(IC² Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 1993-09) Ishikawa, Akira
Report on the Fifth Generation Computer Systems (FGCS) project undertaken by the Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) in the period 1982-1992. The Fifth Generation Computer was developed using a framework of parallel processing and inference processing based on logic programming. The project received an investment of ¥54.15 billion ($416.54 million) and employed around 100 young engineers.
Japanese Multimedia Industry Update
(IC² Institute, 1996-02) Sytles, Chris
Discusses a new trend among Japan’s giant electronics and telecommunications companies and ministries: a concerted effort to develop a multimedia society like the one growing in the U.S. Describes efforts by Japanese computer and electronics conglomerates to promote multimedia by creating multimedia divisions, acquiring new media technology through joint ventures, and shifting from hardware to software and services. Discusses the Japanese government’s role in the development of a methodology to determine how to create Japan’s information infrastructure and describes some of the projects in Japan’s ministries designed to lead the way.
Generational Road Maps: Political, Economic, Scientific?
(IC² Institute, 1996-05-24) Kozmetsky, George
In a commencement address to the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, describes the current lack of clear-cut generally acceptable road maps, formal or informal, for dealing with societal challenges and opportunities. Argues that audience members should, at an appropriate time, prepare themselves to accept the leadership for change and embrace the responsibility to develop their generational road map. Discusses the need for stronger linkages between academia, business and government and argues that efforts, newer institutions and mechanisms must be put in place that mitigate and solve urban, suburban and regional problems in parallel with each other. Describes five unprecedented opportunities for the scientific literates in the audience to reshape and restructure R&D and the economic infrastructure. Argues that these changes require audience members to develop and understanding of how public policy will be set in the future, acquire skills, become more multidisciplinary and understand how to commercialize science and technology.
Opening Address to The Second World Conference on Integrated Design & Process Technology of the Society for Design & Process Science (SDPS)
(IC² Institute, 1996-12-01) Kozmetsky, George
Discusses generational road maps and commercialization of science and technology. Describes the current lack of clear-cut generally acceptable road maps, formal or informal, and the changes facing all five basic dimensions of society – economic, political, social, cultural and scientific/technological. Argues for the development of stronger linkages between academia, business and government as well as the placement of new institutions and mechanisms that mitigate and solve urban, suburban and regional problems in parallel with each other. Explains the need for SDPS to, at an appropriate time, accept the leadership for change and to embrace the responsibility to develop its generational road map that sets forth opportunities to commercialize our scientific and technological breakthroughs as well as their timing. Describes five unprecedented opportunities for SDPS members to reshape and restructure R&D and its subsequent commercialization.
How Visual Images Help Run Japanese Factories
(IC² Institute, 1997-01) Miller, Steven
Discusses management and technical staff’s extensive use of visual images in the control system of Japanese factories to structure information so that everyone may understand the plan, execute it, identify errors and solve any problems related to performance gaps. Describes the control system, the plan-do-see (PDS) cycle, and the crucial role visual communications play in its effectiveness in identifying problems and correcting them in an efficient manner. Argues that U.S companies may benefit from the use of visual images, not only in their dealings with Japanese companies, but also for improving comprehension and factory floor performance in their own factories.
Beyond Beijing: The Course of Women’s Struggle for Equal Opportunity in Japan
(IC² Institute, 1997-02) Naff, Clayton
Discusses the opportunity for change in Japan towards a more gender-equitable system. Describes the role of women in Japan’s industrialization and development of its peculiar management system. Discusses the legal, corporate and external framework for workforce equality. Explains the role of the 1997 U.N. conference on women in Beijing in helping to spur on the internationalization of the Japanese women’s movement, with a renewed sense of being part of Asia. Concludes that within a decade, Japanese companies will likely offer women greater equality of opportunity, particularly at the professional level, but, at the same time, all employees will enjoy far less assurance of security and income growth.
Setting the Stage: Government-Industry Creation of the Japanese Fax Industry
(IC² Institute, 1997-03) Coopersmith, Jonathan
Discusses the significance of the Japanese government’s role in the development of fax technology as a good model of how governments can influence the agents shaping technology. Describes how the Japanese government’s push on domestic fax manufacturers and telephone companies in the 1970s to create a common standard lead to the fax boom of the 1980s.
Japan’s Intelligent Manufacturing Systems Initiative and the Politics of International Technology Collaboration
(IC² Institute, 1997-04) Corning, Gregory P.
Discusses Japan’s Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS) initiative, an international research program in manufacturing technology with the goal of developing a next-generation production system to maximize efficiency by integrating the entire range of business activity from order-booking through design, manufacture and distribution. Examines the role of techno-nationalism, foreign pressure, and scientific and technical factors in motivating Japan’s original IMS proposal. Examines the framework of the IMS program emerging from negotiations between Japan, the U.S. and the European Union. Examines the experience of Japanese and foreign firms in IMS. Evaluates IMS as a potential model for large-scale, industrial R&D collaboration. Argues that future interest in the model will be determined by whether it generates sufficient research results over the next ten years that firms can justify the overhead of organizing research collaboration on a global scale.
Building and Creating the Future of the South: Breakthrough Partnerships for the 21st Century
(IC² Institute, 1997-06-23) Kozmetsky, George
In a presentation to the Southern Growth Policy Board’s 1997 Conference on the Future of the South, argues that partnership, including Public Private Partnerships, for the 21st century needs to be about winning combinations. Describes the change in resources that generate, prosperity, jobs and meaningful futures from natural endowments and geographic location to advanced technologies based on knowledge-based investments, highly skilled personnel and abundant financial assets. Describes breakthrough partnering between the public and private sector as the key to developing technology that will generate wealth, prosperity and newer, higher paying jobs in the future. Describes four freedoms necessary to achieve breakthrough partnering: exchange of ideas, access, trade and enterprise. Argues that bold, innovative leadership is required to reshape and restructure institutions to fit the new economy.
Perspectives on Business and Emerging Trends For the 21st Century
(IC² Institute, 1997-10-16) Kozmetsky, George
In a presentation at the Fall 1997 CBA Advisory Dinner, discusses three mega business trends: (1) the transformation of high technology business from U.S. dominance to a global commodity-based industry, (2) the need for transfer of leadership from the public sector to the business sector, and (3) the emergence of the need for digital/knowledge management and to develop tomorrows talent.
Synergy for the 21st Century: Between Unstructured Problems and Management Planning Controls
(IC² Institute, 1997-10-27) Kozmetsky, George
In the plenary address to the INFORMS Dallas Fall 2007 conference for Operations Research and Management Sciences (OR/MS), discusses the synergy between OR/MS and digital technology. Describes historically and prospectively the synergy between OR/MS and new disciplines as well as other emerging societies, synergy between OR/MS and the technology chain and the issues and initiatives that are key to developing leadership for the 21st century, including the need for digital/knowledge management and the need to develop tomorrow’s required talent.

Browse

Browsing IC² Institute Working Papers by Issue Date