Browsing by Author "Wang, Linlin"

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Another way out : the wartime communist movement in Jiangsu, 1937-1945
(2012-05) Wang, Linlin; Li, Huaiyin; Chang, Sung-Sheng Y.; Metzler, Mark; Wynn, Charters; Zanasi, Margherita
This dissertation examines the survival and expansion strategies of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) by focusing on its organization and mobilization activities during the War of Resistance against Japan (1937-1945). I argue that the Communist forces quickly expanded during the wartime not merely because the War provided an opportunity to avoid the Guomingdang (GMD)’s intensive military aggression and legitimately expand itself throughout China. More importantly, it also allowed the CCP to develop a unique political culture with a grasp on local knowledge during the years under investigation. This cultural climate worked to rejuvenate itself through organizational consolidation and the rebuilding of political identity. Together, these factors accounted for the dramatic expansion of the CCP’s membership and military forces, which prepared the Party for its takeover of the country after the Japanese surrender. The main body of this dissertation is composed of five thematic chapters. Chapter two explores the CCP’s penetration into local society through mass resistance associations and political renovation of existing power structures. Chapter three investigates Communist propaganda activities, the success of which laid in coordination with the Party’s follow-up organizational arrangements. The next chapter examines the Communist educational institutions as a channel of mass mobilization that further reinforced its penetration into various social groups. Chapter five uses Grain Tax, conscription and mobilization of anti-pacification campaign, all of which required personal sacrifice from the masses, as three instances that exemplified the Party’s controllability over local communities. Finally, chapter six focuses on its strategies to contain undesirable tendencies of local cadres and strengthen ideological consensus within the Party.
Inter-pollutant and reactivity-weighted air pollutant emission trading in Texas
(2006) Wang, Linlin; Allen, David T.; McDonald-Buller, Elena
Emission trading is a market-based approach designed to improve the efficiency and economic viability of emission control programs. Although air pollutant emission trading typically has been confined to trades among single pollutants, inter-pollutant trading (IPT) allows for trades among emissions of different compounds that impact the same air quality end-point, such as ambient ozone concentrations. Designing IPT programs for emissions that lead to elevated ozone concentrations can be challenging because equivalent reductions of different categories of emissions may not always lead to equivalent reductions of ozone. Because emissions of different compounds impact air quality end-points related to ozone concentrations differently, weighting factors or trading ratios (e.g., tons of NOx emissions equivalent to a ton of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions) must be developed to allow for inter-pollutant trading. This thesis examines two types of IPT of emissions that lead to ozone formation, that have been or may be implemented in Texas. Interpollutant trading of NOx and VOC (ozone precursor) emissions was examined using air quality conditions in Houston and Austin as case studies. Analysis of the Austin case study indicated that inter-pollutant trading ratios were, with few exceptions, constant. The IPT trading ratios were independent of the source category of the emissions and the exact manner in which ozone concentrations were evaluated. In contrast, IPT ratios in Houston were far more variable, due in part to strong spatial and temporal gradients in emissions of ozone precursors. These results suggest that IPT of VOC and NOx emissions will be far more straightforward to implement in Austin than in Houston. Interpollutant trading of various types of VOCs, especially a group of Highly Reactive VOCs (HRVOCs) was also examined, using Houston as a case study. This type of IPT was investigated because a program for trading of HRVOCs is due to be implemented in Houston in 2007. The focus of the analyses was on whether the trading program, as currently designed, could produce undesired localized high concentrations of ozone (“hot spots”). The analyses indicated that the implementation of the trading program would be unlikely to produce ozone hot spots.