FOREIG.N PRESS REVIEW DAILY SURVEY OF WORLD COMMENT ON THE WAR COHl'ILED FltOM TELEG~Pl'IIC ItEPOltT! lt.BCEIVED. BY 'fHE MINISTRY OF INFORMATION 79. 17th April No. 1940 -··-····--··---·-..-..-···-·····-······ u.s.A.: GER1'/iAN CAMPAIGN'S L.ACK OF HEJ'.DWAY. The view that the German campaign in Norway has made little headway · so far is expressed in today's NE;{ YORK 'fIBRALD-T.tUBUNE. In a message from this newspaper's Berlin correspondent itia ste'led~Unexpect­ ed develop!nents in Norway appear to be holding up Nazi0 plans for an offensive against ihe Allies. The Gennan .troops have entered into the second week of their Norwegian campaign and are in a position little, if any better, than that enjoyed after the first day's fighting." · Estimates of the number of German troops in Norway are referred to in a Washington dispatch to the NE,i YORK Tll1~S. This message states: "The number of German troops in Norway is said to be much smaller than had been reported, according to information on German military affairs reaching some officials in Washington. Reports that these officials have received••• estimate the total as being not more than 18,000 men~" This newspaper reports Admiral Stark as informing the U.S. Naval A.frairs Conunittee "air power has not seriously affected British control of the world's sea lanes. After seven months of war in which the immediate major objective has been the reduction of the British sea strength, relatively small damage has been done by air attack from German advance bases located 480 -560 miles from the British fleet bases. It is the British preponderanee of naval power that has gained control of sea-borne trade and denied this trade to Germany." An editorial article in the NE\i Y0illi: TD.1ES, referring to German "reasons" for the invasion of Norway and Denmark states: "A.consoling side to all of Hitler•s moral excuses -even the most preposterous -is that they remind us that the existence of public opinion, not merely abroad but within Germany, is so powerful that it must still be conciliated. No matter how cynical may be the German propaganda machine that concocts these excuses it cannot afford to make excuses too obviously cynical. The German workers cannot be asked to make sacrifices or the German soldiers to lay down their lives on merely cynical grounds. "How much longer excuses of the sort we have been hearing can continue to satisfy the German sense of fitness .and rightness -and whether the sense of righteousness of their cause is still sufficiently strong in the German people to carry them through some serious military set-back if it comes ~ remains for the future to disclose." Referring to the Balkans this paper declares: 'tiNhat positively terrifies the Balkans is the success of the German '1'rojan horse tactics in Norway. If treachery and trickery could paralyse non-Nazi Norway and could come within an ace of overwhelming her what could it not do in the Balkans? If Germany wants Roumanian wheat badly enough she will not hesitate to snatch it by arms if she cannot get it by peaceful intimidation." Writing en tte lnnding ct'Briti::;h troops 1'1tNArvjV-~in t:nP.rtiole IJ"'ti tl.ed ~A job well done" this paper .adds; 'tlllt was not ~ mAjor operation at Narvik, but the small.British forces engaged there were well trained anu well commanded. Their victory is one . which can be studied by future generations of naval officers as a demonstration of how to win success in an amphibian operation -the most difficult of all military problems." FOREIGN PRESS REVIEW DAILY SURVEY OF WORLD COMMENT ON 'IRE WAR COMPILED FROM TELEGR-'.PBIO REPORTS RECEIVED BY TBE MINISTRY OF INFORMATION 79. 17th April No. •hho••••••••••••••••••••••·•••••••••oh •••••••••••••·•••n •••••••••• 1940 FRANCE: BRITISH SUCCE:~SES XND SPECULATION Ol~ ITALIAN POLICY. The British successes _in Norway and speculation a.s to Signor Mussolini's possible course of action ha.ve been given prominence in the French Preas. Writing in P.:.'ill.IS-SOIR last night M. Chaumeix dec~a.red: "The British Admiralty cannot disclose the details of its action, but it is justifiably proud of Yvhat it has been able to accomplish. The brilliant victory of Narvik recalls the time when the British Navy -vvas most famous for its boldness and its energy. "If the laying of mines at the entrance of the Baltic is not suoh a spec­tacular achievement it none the less reveals skill and boldness, and it is of great importance by reason of the r esults which are implied. "The Reich, which has never ceased. to announce its invincibility, d.oes not know how to tell the German people of the defeat which it has suffered. It continues to lie and the whole world, which possesses the true story; judges. · ·.:1th President Roosevelt it condemns vigorously the new abuse of force of which Germany nas been guilty :ln her action towards Norway~ The German adventure is regarded with horror." A. warning regardin~ It8:1Y was sounded in the mioQlJE~ in which journal M. De Kerillis wrote: "The news frorr, Italy is not good. Sailors and soldiers are being mobilised and. an attempt is being maa.e to mobilise minds. It is a difficult task. It is riot that the Italian people lacks courage or that it is incapable of entering the war boldly as other races have done~ but the Italian people has a feeling ~f being dragged. into an unnatural alliance with the descendants of those barbarians who have always been its worst enemies and. who formerly managed to destroy the power of Rome. "It sees clearly the terrible fate of a beaten and oppressed Europe where all races and. peoples would suffer one after the other pitiless law imposed by the Prussian victor. "Does this mean that if Mussolini wants vvar the Italians will not mareh? Certainly not. The people would. follow Mussolini. "vve French must look this danger in the face. The readers of this paper are accustomed t o do this and have done so for some time. I do not deny that I have been an admirer of 1.Iussolini, nor that I have believed and still believe that Anglo-French diplomacy ought to try to rally to its side the growing strength of the new Italy. I deplored the policy of sanctions, but to admit and. regret these mistakes does' not lead me to hide the truth from French patriots, and when it appeared to me beyond reasonable doubt that t !1e Italian evolution was more or less irrevocable I sounded the alarm insistently h-ithout being influenced by those who accused me of 'speaking like the Corrummists 1 or. who seemed to me to regard favourably the man who was linking his destiny more and. r,·1ore vvith that of Hitler. "The situation of the ~llies vis-a-vis Italy affords great scope for diplomatic action. In the t:editerranean the. _\llied forces are stronger than the Italian fleet. In Porth Africa the British forces in J:;gypt and. the French forces in Tunis and Algeria encircle Libya. If war were to come Turkey would. qe at our side from the first day and our position in the Suez Canal vvould enable us to intercept the sea routes of the Italian Bmpire. On the other hand. our Alpine frontier is easy to defend even viith a very small· force, and. Corsica is even more impregnable than Norway." ......~-­ FOREIGN PRESS REVIEW DAILY SURVEY OF WORLD COMMENT ON THE WAR COMPILED FBOM TELEGRAPHIC REPOR'l'S RECEIVED BY THE . MINISTRY OF .INFORMATION No. 79. __.............:..--'17t1r··A:prir·... 1940 Sh"LDEN: 3.:iTISFAQTIOF AT FULFILMENT OF BRITISH PLEDGE. Faith in the British forces whioh have now been landed in Norway has been expressed in the DAG:E:HS NY.FET.GR, the Li'beral ergan. Referring to the troop landings this paper yesterday •~nsidered them as proof that the British pledge ta Norway was no empty promise, and added: "The extent of Allied help is not yet known and the British 11vill not have the advantage that the Germans had of assistance fr~m internal traitors, but they will fight side by side with the loyal Norwegian troops. The Germans are distinctly disappointed that the N~rwegians did n~t capitulate before the arrival of _\llied forces. " Quoting a German newspaper to the effect that Germans dio not wish to shoet f'.m Scandinavians, SOCL\.L DE1:0KR.~TEN stated: "T~ judge the degree of honesty of these feelinGs perhaps it is sufficient to recall that German destroyers at Narvik sank Forwegian shipsj ·drowning 500 men. This expressively illustrates the German newspaper's regrets at, the blooCly devel~pments of Norwegian resistance. Clearly, the rnain regret is that the unexpected Norwegian defence cost the aggressor great losses." SOCIAL DEi.'.OKRATEN referred to the ruthless German threat ,...f execution and de~lared ~hat the Swedish Press must be allowe4 to refer to. such matters even if the Germans considered this pr~dure incompatible with 'neutrality feelings', GOTEBORGS IL!\JIDBLS-oeh SJOFARTSTIDNING declared: "The British landings fulfil the first terns of Norwayt s liberation only a week after the German ~oup. It is impossible to picture the positictn in the invaded portions of Norway. The invaders have all means of eommunication by radio. Only .vropaganda ne-ws is sent out as in the case o"I' Austria : and CzechOfl}J>vakia, Out 1W.jor Quisling's resignation gives rise t~ thought. Quisling's part is played out. The war ~f nerves -a Hitlerian speciality-is proceeding still >vith the . same force. Hitler1s N.orwegian programme f ollctvrn the exact pattern of his talks vd. th Dr, Rauschning but England's aetion was not reckoned with and disturbs his plan. "The German 1'1leet' s reduction to half its size is the most important point in a survey of the present positieri. It is now impossible to hinder the blockade or for the German Fleet te appear at all in the North Sea. .Derunark represents only a temporary aovantage in feeding the hungry German wa:r machine. A decision must b~ forced. soon but it is impossible te guess ·where the battle-field may be. Balkans food and oil are attractive. but Russianand Italian interests and. the Franoo-British arrey-in the Near East are d.eterrents. The only real choice left now is ·;.he rrestern Front. Driven to desperation, Hitler is forcea to face a decision in the great unknovm.." BULG!illIA: . P.RB;JIDENT ROOsL'V.i~LTIs 11Yf.\.ff!1ITNG -f0FJ)3. " President Roosevelt's recent speech was Yrarmly endorsed by the Bul2;arian Conservative newspaper EIR which \7rote: "-Certain words should be YII'itten in letters of gold. There are also warning words which should be understood by those to whom they refer." Though considerable space Yva.s given by Sofia ne>rspapers yesterday to reports of the landing of British troops in Norvray ZORA devoted a good d.eal of space to printing Italian messages regarding Italy's attitude and possible complications in the Near East.• FOREIGN PRESS REVIEW DAILY SURVEY OF WORLD . COMMENT ON THE WAR COMPILED FROM TELEGRAPHIC REPORTS RECEIVED BY THE MINISTRY OF INFORMATION 79. --··l.'7..~.A.p.F·i·l-····......................, 1940 No. SWITZERLJlND: NAZIS' CRITICAL SITUATION IN NOR.iAY, The German forces in Norway will be in a serious position when the Norwegian army has completed its mobilisation and now that it is supported by the Allies. This view is expressed in today's T~UBUNE DE G.C:.1'-J:.;;VE which adds: "The Germans will then be forced to choose betvveen capitulation and flight to Sweden. Having appeared on the scene as conquerors they are already in the position of being beleaguered. For the first time blitzkrieg tactics have not paid." The NEVE ZUERCHZR ZEITUNG, the Radical Democratic newspaper, writes: "The extension of the war to the ncrth has not brought the conflict to a decisive moment but one cannot help feeling that the battle between the English and German fleets constitutes a sea equivalent of the Marne battle." The Berlin correspondent of the TRIBill\J~ DE G:GlfEVE states: "The result of the Norwegian campaign will be decisive for the war. If the result is negative for Germany the moral effect will be tremendous. Observers in Berlin all agree that Germany cannot afford the luxury of defeato lvlilitary successes are essential if she is to continue the struggle. In the military sphere alone is Germany recognisedly superior. Hence it is essential that she should always be winning. Even the smallest defeat would have a tremendous effect." BELGIUM: N3UT.rtALI'i'.Y_J~~~~~filiiATION iiELCOMED. Much space is devoted in today's Belgian newspapers to whole-hearted approval of M. Spaak's re-affirmation of Belgian neutrality. XXme SIEGLE, the Catholic newspaper, writes: "There are hardly any Belgians, even among those whose attitude t9 France is reserved, who imagine that the idea of invading Belgium ever germinated in the minds of responsible Frenchmen. As in 1914, Belgian opinion would be unanimous? The Allies. would see all Belgian sympathies for them m;),l,:t ; in a moment as they are based precisely on the confidence that whatever happens the Allies will respect our independence and vital interests." Writing on Britaipf s sea power STANDJV>.RD, the I<,lemish Catholic newspaper, declared yesterday: "It is remarkable that the air forces have not succeeded in checking battleships or even inflicting serious injury. It is a fact of more profound strategic importance than the sinking of part of the German battle fleet which in all objectivity must be declared incapable of tackling a much stronger enemy • .such a remarkable r~-affirmation of British naval superiority ·is an event which will have its repercussions in the general diplomatic spheres. Italy and Russia will draw the necessary conclusions. " Referring to the danger of 1suspicious foreigners'in Belgium, 1 the GAZl<::TTE DE CHARLEROI, the Liberal newspaper, declared: "There are too many foreigners in Belgium whose reasons for staying and activities are not clear. Moreover, among those whom we are obliged to call our compatriots we have a number of Quisling candidates. It is not only in Belgrade and Sofia that a strange traffic is developing." FOREIGN PRESS REVIEW DAILY SURVEY OF WORLD COMMENT ON THE WAR COMPILED FROM TELEGRAPHIC REPORTS RECEIVED BY THE MINISTRY OF CNFORMATION No. 79. ---····-..····-···-......_..l7.:th-~r.i1..., 1940 ITALY: PRESENT!~TIOF OF SCANDIE!\.VI.AH EVENTS. The ItQlian Press has continued to present Scandinavian events from a pr~­ German viewpoint, although some balance was restored by London messages. The TEIBGRAFO wrote yesterday: "German f'~rces in Norway firmly hold occupied positions -they avrait Allied attacks on land with the certainty ef making their superiority felt". In a message from Oslo this paper stated. that the sinking of the German war­ships Bluecher and. Karlsruhe had endangered. the German success, but "sinee saving that situation there is no more fear of unpleasant surprises." In a London message this journal declared that the British people regarded the official communique announcing the landing ef British troops in Norvva.y as evidence that the "British mastiff has got a new hold" and that the people had high hopes that the German menace would be paralysed. The LESSAGGERO and the GIOfilAIB D'ITALIA printed the British Admiralty's communique on German sea losses and. the offieial communique on mine-laying was also published. The position at Farvik was the subject of conflicting reports. Those frl9m Berlin denied the British occupation and stated that Narvik had no strategical value. T.Jondon messages affirmed the British occupation and stressed its strategical importance. HOLLAND: FU'.ii:HRER 1 S "GREAT MISTAKE". Al though the Dutch Press has a~alysed the war in Norway from both the Allied. and German viev0oints, the conclusion generally reached vra.s that the German move was a "great mistake". rr~T 1-L'IT:DELSBLAD expected that Germany ·would make South ',fest Norway an air base for attacks on England., and that Britain would take strong measures to prevent this. It vras added: "We !Tk'1.Y consequently expect that Norway itself vdll soon be the scene of a major vra.r. " . The Liberal new·spaper llliT VADilltLiJJ) declared yesterday: "It vr<>uld. be a difficult thing for the Germans to make the Norwegian coast a base for attacks on England. Fevertheless, they ·will not easily be dislodged from the South. 11 The view point was put forward in the iJTilliCHTS1'~IEUWSBLAD that the Fuehrer made a strategic mistake in .invading Norway. This paper deelared: "The aspect of the war has changed. Germany has &;i ven J.:ngland her chance and she has seized it. The whale is not clumsy at sea. It is a mighty beast there. What can have possessed. Hitler and his military advisers? They have again miscalculated. "'l'he British fleet is as bellicose and as powerful as ever. Daring and skill are still characteristic of its sailors.n Discussing the attitudes of the U. s. ~\. and Italy to the war ILT R'\NDBLSJ3LAD declared: "The former must be more and. more on the qui vive. The latter is perhaps hoping to put pressure on the Allies regarding her colonial demands by the threatening attitude of her ::..Jress. " ,.,--------._____. -··--------­ FOREIGN PRESS . REVIEW DAILY SURVEY OF WORLD COMMENT ON THE WAR COMPILED FROM TELEGRAPHIC REPORTS RECEIVED BY THE MINISTRY OF INFORMATION No. --············..-·_!.7..~.~---~.P.rtt......., 1940 PERU: NAZISMAND COMMUNISE CONDEMNED. Both Nazism and Conununism were ee.ndernned by tl\e Lima newspaper LA CRONICA in an article entitled "Nazi methods. of fomenting treason". This journal stated: "Nazism preaches burning love of the Fatherland and the exaltation of the pat.riotic virtues -but on]S' in Germany. Outside Germany, when the plans of Hitlerism are concerned with the conquest of some country, Nazism begins by looking for traitors who place their own personal interests and their misplaced political passions above the sacred. cause of their eountry. The proeess is the same as the one always followed by Communism. We repeat once again that Nazism and Communism are only one and the same peril seen from two different angles, two aspects of one and the same brutal tyranny. This tyra.ney hesitates at no method, no obsta,le and no consideration whatever, "The aot of the Allies in m:i!ning ·certain areas of the Nerth Sea was taken advantage of in a criminal way in order to carry out the Imperialist plans of Hiterlism, vvith the aid of the treason of the unhappy Colonel SundJ.o• who will be oa.nd.emned by history for his attitude, " PA.NAN.A: DICTATORS "QOLD-BWODED?BSS" CONDEJ.1NBD. The Panama Press has reacted strongly against the German invasions of Norway and Denmark and the Dictator c.ountrie5 methods sf waging war have been strongly condemned. Entitled 'Everybody's war' a leading article in a recent issue ~f the PANAMA-AMERICAN stated: "The astonishing serenity and cold.-bloodedness with wb.ieh we have watched -tt>talitarianism making itself the master by violen.ee not ~ of stated areas but of entire nations, which had been enjoying a peaceful, eivilised and honest life within the ordered r~utine of their own institutions, must ~blige us t<'.I thinking more deeply. Vie are ·witnessing the most fateful days of contemporary history, the moment of decisive test of a civilisation which we believed to be founded on canons of neutral international respect and ~n the condemnation of violent and unbridled pillage as a lawful means of acquisition. "Czechoslavakia. Poland, Finland.... to .name the mest notorious eases••••• have seen their land turned. int~ a theatre of usurpation, violence, a~d. massacre. Now it is the turn of Denmark and l'lt!ble Norway, whieh is fighting resolutely and heroically, since she knows that· death is preferable to life under the ignominious yoke of totalitarian dictatorship. Valiant Norway enters the ring of martyr nations unluckily chosen as the theatre of wa.r where must be reached the decision whether the principles of civilisation which are vital to the ·whole world. shall survi:ve or succumb. "The tragic events of the last few days, still in full process ef unf()lding, ought te make us meditate deeply. In view ~f the progressive tendency of the war machine at the service of political totalitarianism, it is necessary for us to r ealise that even though we are separated from the theatre of war by vast oceans, the principles about which they are dispu~ing ?ver there oblige us to consider this war as our mvn. If we do not consider it as such in its material effect we must do so in its ideal"lgical significance and. for the potentiality of peril which it holds for the whole world. in our "This is everybody's war, and during it we must concentrate • • • • • own interests•••••. on our own protection." FOREIGN PRESS REVIEW DAILY SURVEY OF WORLD COMMENT ON THE WAR COM.PILED FROM TELEGRAPHIO REPORTS RECEIVED BY THE MINISTRY OF INFORMATION No. r;. --..................~:Z~..::~.l?.r.?J.:................., 1940 EGYPT: BRITISH SEA SlJPillUORITY. A tribute to British naval operations off Norv•ay was paid in .'.\.L BALAGH. This newspaper •vrote yesterday: "Hitler's method of capturing Norwegian ports by the infiltration of Fazis confirmed. what Dr. Rauschning wrote. British speed in naval operations prevented. Germany from reinforcing troops and supplies in Norway and permitted the ~llies to win a naval victory~ thus terminating Nazi boastings." .AL l~OKATTAI.I stated, referri!1£:: to the sinking of seven German d.estroyers: "This is nothing but one of the results we expected from the very first day when the new front was opened allowin[S the .!~llies to make a trial of strength with the Germans. It has opened the eyes of the world. to a proper appreciation of the night of the I3ritish Iavy. 11 In conclusion this paper stressed British tenacity to carry on the struggle until Nazism vras defeatefu BR!\.ZIL: CATHOLICS APPilliI:illNSIVE AT ITALIAN PRl~P1\RATIONS. The possible course of Italian policy vms discussed. in 0 JORNAL. Referring to rumours of the possibility of Italian participation in the war this paper asked: "How can the country of the Pope line up vii.th atheistie countries wi.thout internal convulsions? Leading Catholic opinion is apprehensive at Italian preparation for an anti-democratic0 anti-Latin war." Russia and Germany were attacked in another article in this journal and it was stated: "These countries live above good. and. evil and. therefore proeeed together to the construction of chaos, " Examining the Mediterranean position the CORR<:;IO DJ.,, LANI-I.A yesterday pointed. out conservative Italian opposition to entry into the war and accepted l :r. Churchill's claim that :Jritain maintained. control in the ?. :editerranean. 17/4/L~o__ __....;;N.;..;o;.;... • . :-• .-.1. OFFICI AL ADi,iIRALTY COi iLIUNI0,UE The Secretary of t he Admiralty regrets to announce tha t · H. M~ Submarine THISTLE, which has been operating in the North Sea, is now considerably overdue and ;imst therefore be presumed lost. Next of kin have been informed. ++++++++++-:­ 17/4/4Q___ .~ __._._......N....o....., _2,_ E_RENCH _9,F]!'JCIJ-1.1. p_OIVfr iUNI~UE ( IViORNINGJ The following official communique was issued this morning from the French G-.H. Q: ­Nothing to report. ++++++++++ 17.(4/40. -No.3. PRESS NO TICE. NOT FOR PUBLICATION I H ANY FORM BEFORE THE ~TORNING OF APRIL, 18th. On and after next Slu1day, 21st April (the date on which Swnmer Time would normally have comr1enced) lighting-up time for vehicles will comraence one hour after sunset and end one hour before sunrise. The Ministry ~f Home Security announce, however, that, after consultation with the Air Ministry, it has been deoided taat it would not be safe, in present circumstances, to extend the period during which unscreened lights may be displayed, and that therefore the "black-out" period must remain as at present from half-an-hour after suneetuntil half-an-hour before sunrise. Occupiers of premises should aecordingly note that on and after 21st .April the "black-out" period will no longer ~oincid~ with lighting-up time for vehicles, but will commence half-an-hour earlier and end half-an-hour later. Steps must be taken to ensure that lights in houses, shops, factories, etc., are obscured or extinguished immediately the "black-ou:b" period commences. MINISTRY OF HOME SECURITY. (5562-1429) Wt. 8504-7084 5,000 4/40 T.S .. 677 MINISTRY OF LABOUR & NATIONAL SERVICE Press Notice The Minister of Labour and National Service announces that he has confirmed the variation of minimum rates of wages submitted by the Baking Trade Board. (England and Wales). The variation will become effective as from 1v1ond.ay, 22:1.1d A:pril, and Notices setting out ]Jarticulars of the new rates have been despats:hed to all employers. The variation adva.11ces the plain time wages of all grades of adult male operatives by 1d. per hour, for a week of 48 hours, vvith proportionate lower advances for women and juveniles. Overtime rates remain unchanged, but double time (on the basis of the rates specified in B.K.(2» is to be paid for six specified bank holidays. Press Office, Ministry of Labour and National Servicej Montagu House, W11itehall, S.W.i. T~e-phone: ·whitehall 6200. H.Q.405-500 D.J. 1}/4/40 --.--112·~ PRESS NnTICE The following telegrar11s have been e::;:changed bet~:reen ir. Reynaud. and the Prime f1inister: ­From M. Re.~'"l1.!3-Ud. to the Prime Hinister:­ Paris, April 16th. 1ro the Rt. Hon. N.eville Char11berlain, 10, Downing Street, London. ;_ehe people of FrGnce shCJ.re with the people 0f Great Britain a thrill 0f aci_;_·,iiration and 3ratitude f'or the Royal Nav;:r \Jhich has added. a .'.:> lorims page to its annals anc:. has infli cted_ on the enemy a w.; uncl which will not be he:::llec1. (Signed) Paul Reynaud. The Prime Einister has sent i1i.e follov"ling ,.reply:­To His Excellenc;y-r.ri. Paul Reynaud, Presidence du Conseil, Paris. Your telegram has c1e.eply t .ouched me and will, I ltnow, be received v-vith lively apprecis.tion 1)y the Royal Nav~r to whom it will be at once cor1Tt~1.u.nicated. The successes of the Navy are a fresh proof of the determination of the :peo:ples of ouI' t'N0 countries to fight resolutely until victory is won. (Signed) Neville Charaberlai:'l. "THE TriO I 1·1iPE:2IALISivIS. 11 --·. -..i-... _. ..... -.. ... ....-. .. .. ......... ....... .. ­ This war is not a clash between rival dynasties. Its basic causes are not economic: nor is -it even a struggle to decide the bnlanee of power. Nazidom 1s record. of broken faith he.s established long since tho:tt a Fazi Government is not neget1able. But even this is not the whole andheart of the 2)roblem. The German government's conce:9tion of ·the world. 's future is not com:!;>c.tible vlith ours; nor is there room for both. For Nazism, hum0nit~r consists of one r Ree that rules -the German race, and a number of other races, all and always inferior.• Ve are convinced on the other hand that there cen be no hope for mankind unless ::.)eoples, small as well as gree.t, e.re free ·each to develop their own civilisations in security and at peaoe. It is therefore fundamentals that are at stake. N'o more vital issues have ever been fought out in any war in history. The GePman conce~Jtion of d.ominion and the modern British conce::.ition of imperialism pres·ent ES shar!? an antithesis as mankipd has ever knovm. The German conce?tion is based upon subjection and repression, ours u~)on e.. o.nd from all parts of the Colonial Em:oire. ;r'his has tdcen many and vci.ried forms from ~~rincel;}r gifts to humble offerings. One of the most delightful messages of which I have heard was from the colony of Nigeria, where e. native comi;runi ty aslced the Governor to write to -Che Secretary of Stc.te for the Colonies Rl'l.CI_ exhort ".ti to remember King Alfred anc1 the SJ1ider. ;r This overwhelming and sponte.neous loyalty is our seci-•et weai")on. It is a thing v1hich the K2zis cannot begin .to understand. Their fail to realise that a c1emoc:i'.'aoy is never weaker than it a1)~~ear>s, e.na. e, dictatorship never stronge1" than it a~?i1ears• They have seized on ever~..r free ex~')ression of opinion 2,nd have taken it as a sign of decay. They hc.ve f8.iled to understand thi?.t what may seem to be a sou:roce of weakness can ~")rove in times of crisis a source ot:' unbounded stl'ength. I have attempted in the s~ace of a few minute3 to hold up German and British Im1;)erialism side by side. Can any two conce1)tions of life be more different? The contrast between French and German Im:r>erialism is fully as sh<>.rp. 1'ie an0. the French are ::i.t this moment engaged on a gigantic work of co-operation, destined to endure far beyond the war which has cc.1.lled it into being. Exactly where this co-operation will lead us none can tell; but this much is certain ­our two Empires will draw continually closer together. The co.ncoro. between them which has 8.lready been ~oroclaimed and c stablished will become steadily firmer. That is only possible becs_use these two syste111s, with their many su:perficio.l divergences, are built on the same solid. foundation of freedom ancl s;1ontaneous growth. Between the British Commonwealth 8.n6-the Germo.n :Reich there is no such basic similiarity. Here the difference is not superficial anc1 relative; it is fundamental ano_ absolute. It is as absolute as the difference between lJlG.nt anc1 stone. If' we f'ail to recognise this tremendous f'act we cannot begin to }Jerceive the rer,l nature of the vmr we are fighting or the issues which depend upon its outcome. In some neutral countries which are not at all enamoured of our enemy, the belief persists that this is merel~r ~-HL~r of interests. One imperialism against another im11erialism. One ~9rofiteer against £mother :profiteer. Profit is its only b asis and self-interest its only motive. No. Many wars have "been fought in the pest on that basis and with that motive, but this is not one of them. 'Ihis is much more the.n a conflict of interests. It is a conflic.ts of v..rorla.s. 'l'he whole story of civilisation waits u:pon its issue. /Let 5 Let us look into the future for a moment. vVhat would hap:-:;ien to Europe and the world if the Nazis were to trium9h? They have b~asted that the Third Reich will last a thousand years. If it did, t her e would be a thousand years of repression and sterility~ A thousand years' blight. But who could believe that the Nazis would l as t a thousand years, even if they were to triur11ph now? A system which is entirely rigid can never l ast. You cannot stifle ch~nge. Change is pe1~haps the one thing in the universe which is constant. By trying to thwart it, you only drive it underground. It be3omes f i t ful and eruntive instead of ordered and continuous.. Should the Nazis triumph now, I believe the history of the next centurie3 would ~e one of violence and bitterness, of revolutions and counter­ revolutions. The repercussions o-:f the hatred they have stirrod up would be lasting and terrible~ Now let us glance at the other future, the future that 1ies jn the hands of the Allies. Ours is a more modest but surely a much more realistic conception. We do not attempt to look a thousr~.nd years aheadc We do not seek to stifle develo:i;>ment, but rnerel~/ to g:· ~.de it. That is our claim~ The world's destiny is 1nsorutnble;, we :;annot determine it, but we can help to direct it i!2 vigilt1.nce and with hwnility. Our reluctance to declare our war aims has been t s.ken by some as an indication that vre are without constructive purpose. Neutral ob3ervers, relatively favourable to our cause, have advanced the argument that our Imperialism is only preferable to that of the Germans in that it is satisfied and therefore peaceable, whilst t he irs is unsatisfied and therefore violent» We are fighting, they s ay; to :prese::r,....re the status quo. Nothing could be further from the t ruth., Ours is not a static principle. It is dynamic. We are not :f ighting to preserve the status quo. Vie are fighting to preserve the possibility of progress. Our refusal to pr~dict the dcto.ils of the fnture arises from soberness of judgment, not from barrenness of :_deas o Already the British Empire h8.s shown itself, by its exru11~· )le of t oleration and wise government, to be 2 civilising and hum2nising i.nfluence over the whole world. It has been an instrument for : i'ais ing the standard of life among backward races. It ho.s been a great spiritual force, creG.ting better feeling and understanding betvreen·nations. The duty of the British Cor:rr.1onvrealth in the future will be to work side by side with the French Empire in order to guard and multiply these blessingso Such, then, is our task. Both during and nfter the war it will be one of great difficulty. We must remain alive to its magnitude; vve must not fall into an attitude of complacency. Vie s e.y that ultimate victory in the war is certain. It is only certain if we make i t so. 11he British Conunonwealth hds shown itself strong Emel united L:i '·ime of trial, but we must not t ake its strength and its unity for granted~ We must remember with pride and :profound gratitude the splendid efforts of our br·others, separated by thousands of mil,:.;s of o :ean, to whom the war might well have seemed not half so real as it Le0ms to us here in its very shadow. And this recognition must be a spur to us in our own effcrts. Looking beyond the war, we say that the future is ours. It is Jnly ours if we make it so. We must sweep away the cobwebs of that Tl 1 P.c i.cl :l .gr:~r::-..nce whL)h regards British Imperialism as a disreputable relic of a shady past. It is no such thing. It is a bridge to the next age. It is a source of comradeship and an o~portunity of serviceo \·fe must recognise it as such. I:u that recognition the future is indeed ours, not as rulers, but rather as servants of Empire. 17.4.40/No.7 :p.• N .1637. PRESS NOTICE. The Postmaster General announces that, in addition to the despatches by the twice-weekly air mail service on the route England-India-l!ialaya-Australia, for which the latest times of posting at the Head Post Office, London, E. c.1. are noon on Wednesdays and Saturdays, air mail correspondence for destinations on the England­Indi.a section of the route is now also despatched on Thursdays, the latest time of posting at the Head Post Office, London, E. C.1 for the additional service being noon on Thursdays. The latest times of posting at the Head Post Office, London, E.C.L for the direct air mail service to Malta, for which the air postage rate is ls. 3d. per half ounce (postcanls, 7d.) are now midnight on M0ndays and Thursdays. Exceptionally, there will be no despatch on Monday, the 22nd of April. GEt.1ERAL POST OFFICE. 17th April, 1940. No, 8. BRITI'.-'.:H CONTRABAND CONTROL. StA.tement Given to Correspondents c:tt Ministry of Economic Warfare, April 17. On 16th April there were in all 58 ships in the Contraband Control bases of the United Kingdom. This total included 28 proceeding in the normal way, of which 17 had been there for 4 days or less. _i\mong these were:­ 18 Dutch (8 for 4 days or less), 3 Belgian (all for 4 days or less). ( II II II II II II )a 3 Greek There was also 1 It~lian ship, which had been detained for less than 4 days, and 1 Estonian ship. In addition to these, 30 ships are detained on orders from the Ministry of Economic Warfare, in view of the situntion. in Norway and Denmark. This number includes:­ 14 Norwegian. 7 Danish. 6 Swedish. During the week ending 13th April the Contraband Committee considered the cargoes of 72 ships which hnd arrived since 6th April and 55 outstanding cnrgocs from the previous week. The combined totA.l included ships of the following nationalities:­ 38 Italian 32 Dutch 11 United Stat es 8 Danish 8 Norwegian 6 Belgian 5 Greek 3 Estonian 3 Portuguese 3 Yugoslav In 24 cases entire cargoes were r eleased, either on first considerA. tion or aft er enquiries . The system under which o.dvnnce copies of manifests of cargoes are received and considered before the ships' arrivnl at ports in this country resulted, during the week.under review, in 43 cases being so dcnlt with, and in 10 cases of the ships concerned being released by the Committee, subject merely to the formal checking of the originnl m~nifcsts on their nrrivnl nt the Control BA.ses. --·----000------­ PRESS NOTICE ..... -···-----. SCOTLAND, WEST COAST CLYDE AREA The area between lines joining Dunnighn Point to · · Craigani Point and Rhuad Point to Bennane Head has been mined~ All vessels wishing to enter or leave the Clyde must obtain instructions for safe passage from British Naval or Consular Authorities at home or abroad before sailing~ As an interim measure patrols will be stationed to the southward of the minefield, who will give instructi~n~ for their safe pa~sage to those vessels which left their port of departure before the is~ue of this notice. HYDROGRA£HIQ__D~PARIMENJ:, ADMIRALTY, • WHITEHALI, 2 S. W. ____......,.__ 11~D-~££i.l!._!g1~£.:.-1Q~ iv1.A.F. 1970 ---~ M1~rs1gx_oF~QglQULTugE ~NoQ~Q~M~~ WAR DAMAGE TO DRAINAGE WORKS ,· ­ ~--------------------------­ The Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries., the Rt-. Hon. ·Sir Reginald Dorman-Smith, M.Po, received a deputation today from the Catchment Boards' Association and the Association of Drainage Authorities in connection vvi th war damage to drainage works. It was pointed out by members of the deputation that the breaching.of sea walls or embankments by floating mines or aerial attack might result in the flooding of large areas of land used for food production or required for other national purposes and in the view of the two Associations th~ cost of repairing such damage should be borne as a national charge. The Minister, in his reply, assured the deputation that he fully appreciated the importance of the matter but the Government had adopted the general policy that the question .of compensation in respect of damage by enemy action was one which would have to b.e determined at the end of the war in the light of the financail position then prevailing. He did not think that this need alarm in any way the members of the two Associationr:;. Under the Essential Buildings and Plant (Repair of War Damage) Act, 1939, the Minister was empowered to give loans to drainage authorities of the f ull amount of the cost of re-instatement of embanltments damaged by enemy action and these loans were free of interest during the period of the war. The Minister assured the deputation that he ~ould exercise this power promptly in all proper cases. These arrangements would prevent any cost for such repair fallinz on drainage authorities at least until the conclusion of the war. lJ.4.40 No 11 I FOOD LFiSS"ONS FOR CHILDREN .. In connexion with the movement launched recently by the Ministry of Food to give guidance to housewives in the right use of food, the Board of Education have to-day (Wednesday) issued the 1st of a series of memorandam to schools. containing suggestions on how te achers can assist in the campaign. Children of all ages are to have more direct teaching about food and many expert teachers will be appointed to assist Authorities in reaching the public, by personal contact with householders, and by advice bu.Bame and demonstrations. Local Education Authorities will direct their own food campaign to f'it the circumstances of their particular districts. Teachers have great influence over children and by explaining to them that Cabbage, for instance, is a "protectingtt food and will help to keep away colds, the lot of the householder may be made easier. Children will also be taught which foods help to build the body and which help to supply warmth and energy. Suggested alternat.ives to rationed foods include porridge, potatoss and chee:.:;e instead of bacon and rabbit, cheese, fish ­0specially herring, kippers, salmon {t:i.nned or fresh), peas, be.ans, lentils, and nuts instead of meato Daily foods recorrunended are;­ Milk -as much as a pint a day a person if possible; an egg, cheese, fish, especially fat fish, or meat; butter or margarine, and · some bread; tomatoes and if possible fresh fruit, BOARD OF EDUCATIO~f 12-. The Secretary to the Ministr•y of Transport makes the following announcement:­ The Minister of Tran.sport has been informed. by the Appointing Trustees acting under the provisions of Section 1 ef the London Passenger Transport Act, 19331 that they have reappointed Lord Ashfield to be Chairman of the Board for a further period of 7 years from the 18th May, 1940. The Appointing Trustees considered the vaennoy on the Board created by the approaching retirement of 'Mr. Frank Pick and deoidea. that the question of filling su.ch vacancy shoulo. stand a~journed for the present. Ministry of Transport,!vletropole Buildings,Northumberland Avenue, London, W. c. 2. J,lth April, 1940. 3440 Eveni:ag No,l 13. IT IS REQUESTED THAT THIS SHOULD NOT BE PUBLISHED BEFORE THE EVENING NEV'ISPAPERS OF WEDNESDAY, APRIL 17TH, 19400 AIR MINISTRY \lllEEKLY NEWS LETTER6 (Evening Papers). Note: The information contained in this News Letter mayby used by the Press without acknowledgement. If it is desired to refer to the Air Ministry as the source of the information, the expression 11 The Air Ministry Announces:-11 'is NOT to be used. C 0 N T E N T s. AN ANXIOUS MOMENT. ENTENTE CORDIALE. TRAINING OFFIC~R AIR-GUNNERS. 00--0PERATION., SERVICE DANCE BANDSMENo ncHECK TIMEJtt Press and Publicity Branch, Air Ministry,King Charles Street, Whitehall, SoW•l• 17th Aprils l94Vo 2., AN ANXIOUS MOMENT. Prompt action by an anti-aircraft gunner a few days ago probably saved the crew of an R.A.F. Blenheim from being killed or seriously injured. Flying at ·about 2,000 feet over an anti-aircraft gun site some miles from a R.A.F. station in the South of England, a gu..1ner noticed that one of the Blenheimts wheels was hanging down. He at once telephoned to the station, from where a wire~ less message was flashed to the Blenheim's pilot, a sergeant, warning him of his danger. The station fire engine and an ambulance were rushed vh to the landing ground in readiness for an accident. After a while the Blenheim appeared over the aerodrome. An officer on the ground gave instructions by wireless-telephone to the pilot. "Dive at high speed and pull out quickly," he advised the sergeant. It was hoped that this manoeuvre would release the whole · undercarriage. Four or five times the Blenheim swooped over the stati~n, and thenthe ground staff, with a sigh of relief, saw that the under­ carriage had come down. A few minutes later the sergeant made a safe landing. ENTENTE CORDIALE. Back from a deep reconnaissance night flight over Germany"' the pilots drink a quick cup of tea or coffee, and get down to the c.oncentrated work of preparing their detailed reports for the "Ops" and Intelligence Sections, and putting down on paper every detail that may have importance about their flights over Germanye Not until that work is finished are they free to relax., Perhaps. they landed at 4 or 5 o 1clock in the morning. It may be late afternoon before they seek a bath and bed, content in the knowledge of a job of work well and ·truly done. 3. After one such flight the pilots described how they had encountered massed searchlights. The probing fingers of light had stabbed the sky all round them. One or two of the aircraft had been momentarily picked up by the rays. Here was an important factor that might well be encountered by future r•econnaissance raiders. The sudden blinding glare contras·­ting with the darkness was a condition that might prove highly dis­concerting to pilots unprepared. The telephone rang in the office of the French Mission, attached to H.Q. the Advanced Air Striking Force. The circumstances were explained •••••• Hyes, that could be arranged''. The French authorities -as always -would be only too pleased to co-opePate with the R.A.F. The next night, in a specially chosen sector, British aircraft flew for hours, methodically dodging and evading the search lights which sought them -French searchlights. This allied "dress rehearsal" ensured that the next time tLs R.A.F. were over Germany at nig~t their technique, when searchlights came into action, was entirely up-to-the-minute -thanks to the Entente Cordiale. TRAINING OFFICER AIR-GUNNERS. Training to be an Officer J.ir Gunner is interesting work. A tYPical group now following the course consists of ten officer ~rainees: all were volunteers and only two of them had had any previous experience o.f Service.conditions. In private life they were a varied let. One was a county cricketer, another the manager of a large London store. There are alsn the former representative of a metal manufacturer, a local government official, an experimental engineer, an advertisement arti..J v, a company director, a journalist, and lastly, a man of independent means whose chief hobby before the war was driving racing cars. Those who came straight from civilian life knew nothing abo-xL the Service, and little or nothing about guns. The life was quite 4o strange to them at first, but the sergeant-instructor~ proved to be nothing like the fearsome persons that some of them had imagined, and they quickly began to feel at home. The course to be. followed is an intensive one, but apart from the shock of having to perform P.T. at 7 a.m. most mornings it ia rated enjoyable, thanks to the great patience of the instructors. It is impossible to describe a typical day in the life of an air gUnner, for no such thing exists. A great deal naturally depends on the weather, and when this is good, and visibility reason­able, flying and firing practice in the air are likely to take precedence over lectures. Even in dull weather, however, lectures arc interspersed, whenever possible, with ground flying practice. The lectures themselves embrace all the latest types of gun and ammunition, for the first essential is that the Officer Air Gunner should understand his gun 9 and its construction thoroughly. As the officer-in-charge of the course follows very closely all that goes on, and is liable to drop in at lectures without pre.­liminary notice to ask questions about the work in hand, the trainees are kept constantly up to scratcho Apart from this, there is a written examination to be passed at the end of course, and a high percentage of marks has to be obtained. The theories of sighting obviously play an important part in the air gunnerst life, and much trouble is taken in explaining all the odd difficulties which arise and which are liable t o send a bullet in a totally different direction tc.) that originally intended by the gunners. A great deal of practice is needed before the trainee is proficient and it pays the Officer Air Gunner to remember all the hundred and one hints wh:j..ch-are passed on to him by his instructors, for after all, his life may one day depend on them. - 5. v.c.'s OF THE AIR. lOo Group.Captain F.H. McNamara. Frank Hubert McNamara, the only Australian airman to win the Victoria Cross in the last war was a school-teacher in Victoria before he became an aviator. When the last war broke out he was a lieutenant in the Australian militia. He joined the infant Australian Flying Corps a year later and in 1917 at the age of 22 found himself in Egypt, a junior air officer engaged in Army Co•operation with No.l Squadron of the Australian Flying Corps. It was during the air prelude to the first battle of Gaza that Lieutenant McNamara won the v.c. for most conspicuous bravery and devotion to auty. He and Captain Rutherford, another Australian, made a low bombing attack on Junction Station, a railhead at Tel El Hesi, that had become a vital Turkish supply point. The A-A fire was intense. Rutherford's B.E.Ze aircraft was hit and he made a forced landing with engine trouble by the railway line a short distance from Turkish Cavalry units. McNamara had been wounded in the thigh. Regardless of pain and loss of blood he brought his Martynside Scout down beside the damaged machine and Rutherford clambered on to the fuselage behind. But McNamara had not sufficient strength in his injured leg to control his machine for the take off. The Martynside lurched on to one wing tip, turned over ana crashed. They extricated themselves a n d set fire to the wreckage. Meanwhile the Turkish troops were approaching. The two airmen made for Rutherford's damaged aircraft. They succeeded irt starting the engine. McNamara took the controls. By this time he was weak from loss of blood, but, with great foriitude and endurance he got the machine off the ground amid a hail of Turkish bullets and flew it. 70 miles back to the base with Rutherford in the observer's seato McNamara left hospital in Australia in January, 1918 to become an instructor at the Central Flying School, Point Cook, He 6. later made many air reconnaissances off the Australian coast in search of the German raider "Wolff" which was then cruising and raiding in Australian waters. In 1921 he obtained a permanent commission in the Royal -Australian Air Force. Today, a genial, straightspoken, rather retiring, group captain with a passion for accuracy, he is Australian Air tiaison Officer in London, official spokesman for the Royal Australian Air Force in Great Britain. CO-OPERATION. The men who are manning the coast observer posts are saving lives at sea. Here are two typical examples. A few minutes before seven o'clock one evening in February, a post reported to its centre that a ship was sending up distress signals. The centre innnediately telephoned to H.M. Coastguards and a few minutes later a lifeboat was on its way to the assistance of a Dutch ship which had run aground. On another occasion, shortly before midnight, a post reported to the centre that a ship was in distress. The centre passed on the message to the R.h.F. Fighter Command Group, which immediately arranged that a searchlight should play on the ship. Eventually the post reported that a lighthouse had turned its beam on the ship, which appeared to be on the rocks. It was then possible to rescue the crew. SERVICE DA.NOE BANDSMEN. Sixty-two musicians who a few weeks ago were prominent members of such famous bands as Ambrose's, Art Gregory1st Leo Co1•tzt, Harry Roy's and Maurice Winnick•a; are now in their spare time playing for the benefit of the ReA.F. station at which they find themselves, having volunteered for service. At a station where recruit.a undel'gO a preliminary course of disciplinary ~rainin~, dances have as a result suddenly become exceedingly popular. These jazz experts have all entered the Servic~ as A.c.H. - Mueicians, which denotes that they will be trained as Service musicians. Although these men have only been in the R.A.F. a very short time, they unanimously declare that they already feel much better in health as a result of the more regular and active life of the service,. The Padre of the station received one disappointment however: when~ upon the arrival of this large batch of musicians, he made an appeal for an organist to play at the Church services. No organist could be found among the 62 who had entered as musicians, but the appeal did not go unanswered -one was found among the recruits entered as a radio mechanic. "CHECK TIME!n Jimmy Hogan, the famous ex-international footballer and manager of Aston Villa, who is in France coaching tho elect of the Royal Air Force, tells of an incident during one of his lectures to the troops. He was demonstrating how to pass to the right while running to tho left9 when the lesson was interarupted by an "alert" signal. His audience immediately rose and dashed to their action stations, leaving the lecturer alone on his dais. When they returned, ~limmy, before restarting his lecture, said he hoped they had all done their duties properly. He was answered by a Lancashire lad: 0 Ah, we have an' all, Mr.. Hogan, and mind tha' checks time for interooption." (NOTE: 0 check Time!" is the advice frequently given to soccer referees when a team with a small winning lead trios to win the match by kicking the ball out of the groundand by similar time wasting tactics, 1.n the hope that the final whistle will sound before thG other side scores.) MAI N LINE RAILViAYS AND LONDON PASSENGER 'I'RAlJSFOR'I' · BO.ARD. EXAMPLES OF '11HE I NCREASED FARES NIAIN I.INE RAILWAYS PrA:.;ent c r1 ':,:::-ge . -....-r)"". --------·~ ... --~ --·­J:.,.; So l1 o l. o. o. 1. •) o. "'. '7. '7 V 0 L 1. 0. 1. o 'l) 1. ') o. 1. 4. 3. t..J 0 r~· 1. Oo o. 1. 5 . 6. 1. ~t 0 o. 1. 6. 6. 1. 5. o. 1. 7. 6. 1.10. o. 1.13. o. ,., G, o. Q, 2. 4. o. 2ol0 o o. 2.15. o. 3. o. o. 3. 6. o. 3.10. o. 3.17. o. 4. 0. 0. 4. 8. 0. 4.10. o. rt Cardiff 1. 7 Stou:::·b1~idge rrown Di:c!llinghe.m 1. 9 Weston-supGr-B:c:..stol 2 . 8 Ma.re Ilforu Li-rnrpool St . 9 Gidoa PaTk l,iverpool St. 1. 9 Ms cclesfield. l\'1.'.lll cnester 2. t± Welvi-:/n Gare.Len King 's Cross 2 . g City Huyton Liverpool 9i Sui. ::..on Coldfir-;ld BiI'm.inghan 1. 1 Bury Manchester 1. 4 Watford J:i,.,u ston 2o 3 St.A1bans 8t.Pancra.s 2. 8 Eastl eigh Souti:L11cpton 11 Raynes Park Wcttlc)rloo 1. 1 Lancing l):::·ighton 1. 2 Croydon Lou dun 1 . 6 Monthly Retul'.n :l!'3 reo -TlliTc'i Cl ass . Pr esent From 8.CI. Bristol Cardiff 8 . 2 Exeter Plymouth 9 . 5 Cardiff Birmingham 18.11 Paddington Br~istol 21. 0 Leicester Nottingham 4. 2 L.Qndon Poterboro' 13. 8 Leeds Newcastl e 17. 7 Lonclon Doncaster 27 . 4 rknchester Liver pool 5. 9 Sheffield Leeds 7. 1 London Binn~nghom 19. 8 London Manchester 32 . 3 London Brit.shton 9 . 2 London Bournemouth 18.11 Margate Southmi1pton 27 . 0 Eastbourne Exc:t01· New Fare . 8.CI. 10~ 1. g 1.11 2.11 10 1.11 2. 7 10-ia 1. 2 1. 6 2. 6 2.11 1. 0 1. 2 1. 3 1. 8 New Fare . s. d. 9. 0 10. 4 20.10 23. 1 Llr o 7 15. 0 19. 4 30. 1 6. 4 7.10 21. 8 35. 6 10. 1 20 .10 29. 8 37. 7 PASSENGER .F'ARES --~9]'.I_:Q_ON.:_ _ PASS~NGER TR.Ji'.NSPORT BOARD EXAI!PLEB -~IQY~I_N_G___K~FE_C_'t___QE_J__Q_ __P~__Il___fE.;_lfI::.__J_1:!._C_~Jj_A_~_ R A _I_L__Vl A.Y_fl ====================-=-====:-:.======:::-====~==================:;:::========================================::..::=....::=='.-.:::=:=--=======-============= ' Ordinary \"Torlurien Ctiea.p Day : Quarterly J ,___s ing_l0.:'_~r_:_e_s____ ---·-__R_~_t_l3_r_!:_ X§.Z~-~ _______ ____:g_e_~~~ ___________ _!______ _ -~e_ason __ _ Betv1een Present Fare J\Tew Fare Present Fare' :i:Tew Fare Pres~are_·ne,,-1 ~r~~r?~~~~--!-~r~ New _Pa~l 1 d. • a. Ct. u. u. s. u. s. u.• l Eastcote & Rui.slip 1 1 ----. 17 6 19 3 Temple & Westr.1LYlstc:r' 1 1 -II --. -j 20 0 22 0 Oxford Circus & Lanibeth 2 2 3 3 I --22 6 j 24 9 1 (North) 1 I Sloane Square & ~harinG Cross 2 2 ~ I 3 I --22 6 r 24 9 -do -& 'lc'.'i1ple 3 3 3 3 ; --?.7 6 I 30 3 Elep. & Castle & Regents Park 3 3 3 3 ! --52 6 I 35 9 Temple & Gloucester Rd. 4 4 4 4 I --37 6 41 3 Victoria & Putney Bd. ge.. .4 4 4 L~ I --42 6 46 9 Cockf'o sters & 1Nood Green 5 6 5 6 , --42 0 46 3 Stamford Brook & Hounslow 6 7 6 7 i 9 10 50 0 55 0 (Central) . Earls Court & Dsterley 7 8 7 8 I 1/-1/1 I 55 0 I 60 6 Cockfosters & Caledonisn Rd. 8 9 8 9 I 1/2 1/3 63 0 69 6 I PrestonRoad & lloorgat0 10 11 10 1·i . 1/3 1/5 I 74 6 82 0 1 Uxbridge & Finchley Road 1/2 1/3 1/-! -v-1 ! 1/9 1/11 , 78 o 86 O 1 '=================~========~=========================================~~=============================b=====================· No.15. COLONIAL NEWS. ---· E.AS'TERN ENTENTE. Anglo-French co-opero.tion in tho F2r East, particularly between Malaya o.nd French Inda-China, will be further guaranteed by nn exch2~gc of liaison officers between tho French Army at Hanoi and tho Malaya Command at Singapore which has just taken plQce. The new np!_)ointments follow the recent visit to French Inda-China of Major General L.V. Bond, G.O.C~ Malaya, and the presence of two officers of the Malaya Commnnd ns observers at recent army nmnoeuvres in Cambodia, The present phns9 of intimate co-operation between British Mnl2ya and French Inda-China clntes from the Allied defence conference held in Singapore lnst yenr. ASHANTI. In a speech from the Broadcftst Department's station nt Kumasi, the Asanteheno, or hereditnry ruler of Ashanti, Sir Osei Agyeman nrempoh II, n"Denling on behnlf of V'/o.r ChRritics, said:­ "We ::-trc grateful to God. that we o.rc under a benign and sympathetic Goyernment which does not exact contribution by force from its subjects for chc.ri to.ble ··rnrposos. "I would Gntrcnt all to continue to prny hnrd in order thn.t the Allies m;o.y emerge victorious from the wo.r, so tho.t all may continue to breathe freedom and liberty under the British Fl"'g; for it is nn o.dmittGd fnct that we cannot get a betto~ nnd more Christian Government thnn thG British Government to protect us.u FIJI Rernittn.ncos crtblcd from tho Government of Fiji on April 15 brought the toto.l of contributions from all communities in Fiji forwarded to tho Red Cross o.nd St. John's Ap~enl Fund, and collected through the Red Cross Aid of Fiji, and the "Fiji Times and Herald", to o. totn.l of £5,000. SIERRA LEONE. The following resolution w~s moved by o.n African unofficial member in tho Lcgislntive Council of Sierrn. Leone yesterdny and pnssed unanimously:­ "Thnt this Counci1, having lerlrncd with gre,ri.t gratification the intention of His Mnjcsty's Government to provide funds for the devc1opment of the Coloninl Empire, o.nd fully realizing the ndditionnl burdens which this generosity will cntni1 for the United Kingdom taxp2yers, desire to record their deep sense of ai1preciRtion of this str.1tesmnnlike gesture, which ccmnot fetil to benefit Sierret Leone, nnd to exi1ress their deep sense of gratitude to His Mnjesty's Government who hetve found it possible to o.dopt so welcome a policy nt a time when all the Pesources of the Empire, and not least its financial resources, nrc being str~ined to the utmost.n DOMINION AND COLONL\L AFFI.IRS. 17/4/40. -No.16. PRESS NOTICE. NOT FOR PUBLICATION OR BROADCAST BEFORE THE MORNING OF THU~cSDAY, APRIL 18, 1940. (Simultaneous publication in India has been arranged) His Majesty has been pleased to ap~rove that the appointment of Sir Henry Duffield Craik, Bart., K.c.s.r., Indian Civil Service, as Governor of the Punjab may be extended for a period of six months on the expiry of his present term of office in October next. Bis Majesty has further been pleased to approve that, on the expiry of Sir Henry Craik 1s further tenure, Sir Bertrand James Glancy, K.CoI.E., C.S.I., Indian Civil Service, at present Political Adviser .to the Crown Representative, may be a21pointed Governor of the Punjab. INDIA OF:B'ICE. Unofficial Note. Sir Bertrand Glancy's first appointment in the Indian Civi1 Service vras to the Punjab in 1 906 where he served for a: number of years until transferred as temporary under-secretary to the Foreign Department of the Government of India in 1913. Subsequently he held a number of appointments connected with the Indian States including that of Secretary to the Chamber of Princes in 1934. VVhen Lord IJinlithgow, as His Majesty's Representative for the exercise of the functions of the Crown in its relations with the Indian States, under the Government of India Act of 1935, created the post of Political Adviser to the Crown Representative, Sir Bertrand Glancy, who was then Secretary to the Crown Represent· ative, bE:came the fi;"'st incumbent of the new post. -----oOo----­ 17I!+/ 40. -N0 • 17 • IMP0:2T or CANNED FIWI T AND VEGI::TA:i}LES . The Ministry of Food is now the sole buyer of all imported Canned and Bottled Fruit and Vegetables. Panels of Brokers and Primary Buyer s are being formed 1 through which purchases of these goods will be distributed. It is the intention of the Ministry that the usual trade channels shall be disturbed as little as possible and it will be incumbent upon primary buyers to whom canned fruit and vegetables may be allocated to ensure a normal flow of their pU}'.'chases through existing channels. Bro1rnrs and Primary Buyers who consider that they have the requisite qualifications f or inclusion in these panels should apply for the appropriate for'l11 to the Ministry of Food9 Canned Fruit and Vegetables Section9 14, Sherborne Lane, London, E. C ~ LJ... For this pUJ'.'pose the following definitions have been framed with the assistance of the Ministry's Advisory Committee:­ ( 1) "A Broker shall be a person, fil"'m or company who . during the three year s ending 31st August 1939, has effected, on a brokerage basis and not as a Princi~al, primary sales+ of imported canned and/or bottled fruit \excluding jam and marmalade and fruit pulp for jam and marmalade manufacturing) and/or canned vegetabies for and on behalf of an overseas canner and/or a recognised shipper." ( 2) "A Primary BuyeP shall be a pej..,son, firm or company who during the three years ending 31st August 1939 purchased+75% or more of his or ·their imported canned and/or bottled fruit (excluding jam and marmalade and fruit pulp for jam and marmalade rnanufacturing) and/or his Oi'.' their imported canned vegetables 9 as the case may be, direct fl'.'Om overseas or through Drokers and during the three yeaJ'.'s in question distributed+ 75/o or more of such goods through his or their own distributive organisation to secondary wholesalers or retailer s". +(The interpretation of the words 11sales11 "purchased11 and 1 11distributed11 shall be that the goods must have been invoiced within the datwn period.) Applicants for inclusion in the list of Primary Buyers or Brokers should. note that in no circumstances can a pePson, firm or company be included in both categorieso MINISTRY OF FOOD. The following is the latest list of German prisoners_...2..12. War:­ ~ Christian Nams Leutnant Kurt-Heinz Oberfeld-Bruno webel Christian Name WEIGEL REHB:CIN F.NEMY DEAD Surname---­ Unter-offizier LASSNIG Hauptmann Hans Joachim HELM \!VAR OFFICE, So W.,, 1o +++++++++++++-­ Age 23 31 d D t ace an a e of Bur:i~r;-- Thellin Berlin ·u~-,+ Pl --~:';;.1:..::.." Chevington Cemetery, Morpeth, Northumberland, 5o 3o 40o Section Ho No.. 4.., Chevington Cemetery, Mor·peth, Northumberland, 5o 3., 40a Section H,,No<.5n 17/4/L~O, -No, 19. AUSTRALIAN PJ\RLiilHEN'l' OPI:NED GOVERNOR GENERl1.Lr S SPEECH A new session of the Federal Parliament was begun at Canberra today (Wednesday). The following is an extract from the cz-pening Speech of the Governor General, Lord Gowrie, which has been received by cablegram by the High Commissioner, Mr. S~M.Bruce:­ The war, forced upon the British and French peoples by flagrant international law-breaking· on.the part of Germany, shows no sign of a speedy ending. While we are all confident of ult:i..mci.tG success, there can be no doubt that the P :'.. -~Llation is a grave one. Nobody oan prophesy what fresl". •!,~~essions there may be in the near future, or what r...ow enemies we may be called upon to meet. Only in t~...0 last few days we have witnessed the unprovoked and unjustified invasion of Denmark and Norway by the enemy in cir~umstances which show plainly that future existence of the smaller nations of Europe.~ and indeed of the world, not excluding Australia, is entirely dependent upon a conclusive victory for the Allied a:r."r.1s, I do not doubt that we will have overwhelming support both ins ide and outside Pnrlirunent in our determination t o carry on this fight for free institut­ions and peaceful living to the very limit of our resources, and whatever difficulties we may encounter until such a victory has been achieved as will effectively destroy the da~k spirit of lawlessness which has possessed Germany and its leaders, and which constitutes the gravest challenge to Christian civilisation. AUSTRALIA'S WAR POLICY We have put into operation a war policy, which beingfounded upon the view that the f uture of Australia is as much at stake as t hat of other allied countries, embraces not only the most active measures possible for ensuring the local defence and security of Australia, but also a full part­icipation in naval, military, and air activities of the allied forces abroad. From the outset . the Royal Australian Navy has co-operated with the Royal Navy in the protection of trade routes. An expeditionary military force consisting of an army corps of two divisions, together with .corps troops, is in process of format;Lon and training, a substantial portion of the First Division being already abroad. Australian air­men are on active service in and around Great Britain, while many thousands more will be trained for participation in the great Empire Air Scheme which is likely to prove so decisive a contributor to Allied victory. We have noted with .keen appreciation the splendid response which is being ma~e by the young men of Australia to the call of national service. We feel that this example will be followed by the whole community, and that all ~itizehs w~ll exhibit a readiness to play their own part and make their own contribution, whether military or civil, in th~crucial ·period of ~ustralia 's history. FINANCING THE WAR EFPORT These vast undertalcI'ngs, with the enormous increase in the production of munitions and materials of war which they entail, must be paid for. The principal object of the present session of Parliament is to make such provision of money as will enable our war effort to be f inanced, DOMINION & COLONIAL i!F__F._AI__._RS PrtESS NOTICE EMPLOYMI'.NT OF ALIENS IN BRITISH SHIPS ORDER 19l.i.O. By nn Order i n Council of the 17th April, 1940, the Defence (Goncrnl) Regulations 1939 wer e ext ended to provide that nny subject or former subject of any Foreign St ate, spec"ified in o.n Ord.er of the compet ent authority, might be authorised to act as Mas ter or Officer of a British shi~. In the exercise of the powers thus conferred the Minister of Shi:;ping has made an Order that the Kingdom of Denmark shall be a Forei gn Stnte to which the Order in Council applies . It is now possible for Danish subjects to become Masters or Officers o~ vessdls flying the British flag. MINISTRY OF SHIPPING. '2 I 17/4/40. CANCELLATION Tne Colonial Office requests that B~lletin No.21, issued by the Press & Censorship Bureau1 headed "Government of Malta", should not be published. COLONIAL OFFICE _1.....7.....o_Li....c_4.....0_____N_o_..,_ '2:}'!' . PliliSS NO'I'ICE ----·-~ ·..·-·· ... NO~ TO BE PUBLISHED OR BROADCAST BEFORE THE MORNING PAPERS OF APRit 18th" The follo·wing is the text of an Anglo-Franco-Polish Declaration1 which is being issued simultaneously by the French and British Governments:­ 1. His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom, the French Government anc1. the Polish Government have been profoundly shocJ.rnd at the reports they have received of t he crir11e s against };:ierson and property committed by the German authorities and forces of occu::_)ation in Polando 2o These r c:;;orts leave no d.onbt that the GGl"man Government, rrl1ich op ened the waP on the 1st September, 1939, by brutal attacks u~on the civilian J?OlJUlation of Poland in defiance of the accepted pri nciples of international law, are now bent on destroying not only the lives and property, but also the cultural and religious existence of t he defenceless Polish po~Julation at pr esent under their control. 3. Further, i n violation of the Fourth International Convention of The Hague of 1907, Germany h2s 00De s o far as to i ncorporRte in the Reich tor•ri tories of the Polish Republic, although the rrnr ·1Jc·c-.7eon Germany and tl';.e t hr ee .. Ulied Po»rnrs is still continuingo 4. Wholesale executio11s, the di§:portation i n circumstances of the most ruthless ba~barity of the Polish po~ulation who have been driven from their homes, the settlement of German ~o)ulations i n Polish territory, the transfer, contrary to all legality, of property belonging to the Foles to these Germans coming from abroad, the confiscation of Ste;te and private property, the destruction and ~illagc of historical and artistic monuments, the deportation to forcec!. l abour in Germany of young Polish men anC:. women, the closing of chur'ches, and the persecution of religion, clearly reveal a policy deliberately aiming at the destruction o:C' the Polish nation. In addition to the persecution of the Poles there is the atrocious treatment inflicted_ oh the members of Jewish comrnmityo 5. This conduct of the German authorities and forces of occu,pation is in flagrant violation of the lavrn of vrar, and, in particular, of the Hague Convention cQncerning the laYvs anc1 customs of war on land; and His Majesty's Government i n the United Kingdom, the French Government and. the Polish Government, desire to make a f ormal ane. public protest to the conscience of the rrnrld against the action of the German Government and of its agentso They reaffirm the responsibility of Germany for these crimes and their determination to right the wrongs thus inflicted on the Polish peo:;ile. FORLIGN OFFlQ_l; Air Uinistr7_Bulletin No.56~. 17/ 1 ./1..).9. -No. 2,2. FLYING BOAT'S ADVENTURES. (NOT TO BE (:}DOTED AS AN AIR MINISTRY ANNOUNCEMENT) The crew of a Sunderland flying boat, safely moored at a Scottish coastal command base, were amused to listen today to a Ge1"man wireless announcement describing the 11 destructioni' of them and their aircraft. It is true that a few hours earlier they had had no reason for amusement, as the following account of their experiences makes clear. The large flying boat had alighted in a Norwe0ian Fjord alongside a British destroyer. A minute or two later six German aircraft attacked. They were four Junkers 88 and two Heinkels. Circling at about 5,000 feet, the Junkers made level bombing attaclcs. The Heinkels used diving tactics. The attack on the destroyercontinued for some time, but although 24 bombs were dropped, no damage whatever was done. The bombers then concentrated their attention on the flying boat. While some of them machine gunned it9 another dropped six incendiary bombs around it. All the time the flying boat zig-zagged on the surface of the water, an officer in the upper observation-dome watching the release of the bombs and successfully guiding the pilot so as to evade them. As the flying boat dodged about on the water, the crew brought seven machine guns into action against the raiders who withdrew, having caused no more damage than a wound in an officer's knee and two bullet holes in the fuselage. Baclc in Scotland the crew laughed when they heard the Nazi Wij'.'eless claim that "both a Dritish cruiser and a flyingbattleship had been sunk by bombs". AIR AFFAIRS. MILI'r.ARY ::;FFORT OF TI-I:C DOMINIONS. _.._,_____.___-··--···---"-4".....~ •• •• -·-,_,..A~ • _ • ..,,,,,,,., . _.• • ..... .... . ••_, .... The Dominion forces continue to ex:9and while it is not of course ~)ossible to give full ~Qarticulars a few facts may be quoted. In Canada~ in addition to the Naval forces already maintained, an Army division has been dis9atched to this country and a second division is to follow. The war establishment of the Royal Canadian Air Force has been increased by nearly 14,000 and provision has been made for a total personnel of over 30,000~ The personnel of the Royal Australian Navy totals over 11 ,ooo. The Second Australian Imperial Force, which has been raised for oversea service,. is bein,g exi)anded to an Army Corps of a strength of ~.8 , 000o The total nUJ~ber of Australians who will be trained for the Air Force i s 26,000. New Zealand maintains two cruisers and has raised an Army division for service overseas. Her Air Force is being expanded and has already been more than trebled. The strength of the Union forces is now over 50,000. LORD CATTO SUCCEEDS LORD WOOLTON Ministry of Supply Appointment Mr. Leslie Burgin, Minister of Supply, has appointed Lord Catto to be Director-General of Equipment and Stores, Ministry of Supply, in succession to Lord Woolton who was recently appointed Minister of Food. Lo~d Catto will be a member of the Supply Council. Lord Catto is a Scotsman from 1\berdeenshire, sixty-one years old. He we.s educated at Peterhead Academy and Rutherford. College, Newcastle-on-Tyne, and began his business career as a young boy in a Newcastle-on-Tyne shipping office. Later, at the age of nineteen, he vrent out to the E~st to join a shipping and merchant business, of which at a very young age he became one of the heads in the East and later in America where he lived for some years. In 1919 he left that business to become the head of the famous Yule firm in Indif!I and in London as successor to the late Sir David Yule, who retired in that yeer. It has been a phantasy of paragraph writers to bracket Sir David Yule and Lord Catto as contempor~ries e.nd partners. Actua.lly nothing could be further from the truth for Lord Catto belongs to an entirely younger generation and had no connection with the Yule firm prior to succeeding Sir David Yule in 1919. That he has proved a worthy successor to his remarkable predecessor is shown by the progress and prestige of that great modern business as it exists today after twenty years under his guidance. Since Lord Catto retired from India some years ago and came into the City, he has enhanced his Eastern reputation. He is a Director of the Banlc of England, of Morgan Grenfell &Co. Ltd., the Mercantile Bank of India, the Royal Exchange Assurance Corporation and the Union Castle Steamship Co., besides continuing to be the dominating force in the Yule business in India and in that of its London Agents, Yule, Catto & Co. Ltd. In the last war he rendered distinguished service as one of the heads of various War 1Hssions in the United States and Canada chiefly connected with shipping and food supplies and at the time when food became one of the vital difficulties in the last war in 1917/18 he was first a Director and later Chairman of the Ministry of Food in the United States and c~nadP. He was a member of the Indian Government Economy ( InchcA-pe) Committee 1922-23. He was created a Baronet in 1921 and raised to the Peerage in 1936 With the title of Lord Catto of Cairncatto, the latter a small fa.rm property in Aberdeenshire which has had that n8me since the davm of Scottish history. MINISTRY OF SUPPLY, Press Office, Adelphi, W. C. 2. 17th April, 1940. AIR MINISTRY BULLETIN N0.563 17/Li/L~O. -Noo 26. R.A.F. DOMBS TRONDHJEM AERODROME. The Air Ministry announces : During last night Trondhjem Aerodrome was bombed by heavy bombers of the Royal Air Force. A large fire was seen to break out as a result of this attack. Subsequently a bombing attack was also made on an enemy seaplane base in the vicinity. AIR AFFAIRS. As this script is beinrr 17/4(40 -NO: 27. issued in advance it is necessary to check it against the broadcast at 9.20, this (Wednesday) evening on 449 or ,21 metres. NOT FOR PUBLICATION BE~ORE 9.35. THIS (WEDNESDAY) EVENING. SCOTLAND AND THE WAR. by THE RT. HON. John Colville, M.P., Secretary of State for Scotland. Scotland has been much in the news of late -in the war news. The German airmen seem to be very interested in what is going on there. They have paid rather dearly for their curiosity. In fact well over half the total number of enemy planes which have been brought down in or around the coasts of Great Britain have met their fate off the Scottish coast or on Scottish soil. Any of my listeners who are familiar with local government will know that in Scotland we get 11/80 of the EnGlish share of grants of money voted for certain services -well up to now we have certainly had more than our 11/80 share of the war so far as it has touched British shores. We are not complaining. Fighting is not a new or unaccustomed thing for Scotland -from distant days we have been accustomed to fighting either with each other or with othep people. The Celts and the Norsemen, the fights with the English, the old clan feuds, the border raiders, names like DouGlas, Ellicrt and Scott, the Oovenanters who held their conventicles on the bare lowland hillsides while their armed piakets surrounded them to protect them from ClaVerhouse and his dragoons. Or again the soldiers of fortune who adventured into Scandinavia under the banner of Gustavus Adolphus, or who fought on the side of France under the Auld Alliance, these things all go to make up the present race, Highland and Lowland, which today is united in strength and determination in the cause of freedom~ That same determination to champion the cause of freedom is shown throughout the Empire, and Scotland is proud of its pioneers who helped to build up the Empire. In every Dominion place names bear witness to this, and today when the forces are rallying to the call, many Scottish names appear on the roll of these fine Dominion contingents. We are prou~ of our own regiments. If the kilt and the trews have temporarily (and I stress the word temporarily) to give place to battle dress, there are still plenty of balmorals and glengarrys to be seen about and the men who we13:r .them are in fighting trim. Many men from the coasts and the Lslands are in the Navy or its auxiliary services, or in the Merchant Service, or are carrying on in their fishing boats despite the dirty methods of the Germans. Some of the Outer Islands, the Hebrides, have sent a very high proportionof their men to sea and some of these fine lads have given their lives in the nationis service. Some of them have been lost in fair and square battle at sea: others have gone dovm before cowardly attacks. But Nazi airmen know by now how our fishermen and seamen react to their brutalities. They now have the means to strike back and they do so with courage and effect. But it would do Dr. Goebbels good to hear how a Olydeside engineer or fireman phrases his disgust and his determination to put an /end -2 ­ end to his dirty work. But such phrases 2rc not for broadcGsting. In addition to the little difficulty I might have with the B.B.C~ I doubt if your receiving sets would. stancl the strain. I can, however, tell you the grievance of a skipper whom I met recently who complained th&t he could not get into naval service on . account of his e.ge , and expressed his envy of other young sk1J?pers who, as he put it, were 8.w2.y to a steo.dy jolJ s.t t:Q.e minesweeping. I ask my l ana.s;·!1ei1 friends ·to ponder over the cours.ge of men lil-ce these. As you trav81 to-dny, by tro.in or roF:.d through the industrial areas of Scotlm1c1 you cannot miss tho deep powerful throb of life. The iron and steel works, the munitions factories, the engineering shops s.r e all hrunming •:ri th activity. A Clyd.e Shipyard gives the impression of poy1er o.nd of purposeful strength. You get it not only from the cranes 2nd derricks, from the great ships being hrnrunered and rivetted into shccpe on the stocks, but also from the thousc.nc1s of v10rkrnen at their jobs. They, and their forefathers ha.ve been builc1ing ships on the · Clyde for centuries ­yes, from the days of the coracle.. " In the days of sail, they bullt some of the finest clippers -it The Cutty Sark", for instance. They built the first steam suip and the other day they sent the great "C}ueen Eliz&beth" quietly on her way to serve the nation. These fellows know their job: and when they t alk El.bout ships of the Navy or the HerchC'.nt Service they are te.lking about things they know. Many of those ships are the work of their hands and brain~. Scotland's industry is alrez:.dy ma.king a ve.luable contribution to the country's wo.r effort~ c::_nd as the war developes further oalls may be made upon its energies, At present the most essential need is for an increase in the ten1po of production. If we are to outstrip the Nazis, we cannot be content with a peacetime rate of output. We must quicken our pace. My oolleague a.lso, Sir ,.\ndrcw Duncan1 PresLto~J:1l of the Board of Trade, ·is engaged in e. big drive for exports. He was in Glasgow the other day and he has high hopes ths.t Scotland will increase her contribution. On the l and we are engaged on a big drive to Droduce more food for ourselves. Not only the trim fs.rms of the Lothians -where some of the best L:nd in Britain lies -but in all parts of Scotland -East 8.nd ·west and away to the crofts in the Highlanc1s and Islands -men, and women too -a.re working to put an additional quarteI' of a million acres under the plough this year. Everywhere this is evide:i.'lt. 'I"ne other day9 in the heart of a Scottish City, I wes w2tching s ome worbnen erecting air r aid shelters, Emd right up to rrhere the shelters were being built a ploughman, i11 that secraingly slow but very skilful way plougbraen have, was driving his ~lough through another t wo or three acres of l and on an isola.tec1 ·o c-'.tch of l and amid the houses. That 's the spirit! : ~ In the four Jrears of the lc1st war, the tillo.ge area in Scotland was increased by 286,000 ac~es and the greater nart was achieved during the l ast year Of the WD.r. This time We a re 2.iming at almost this figure in the first year: and despite the hard wihter it is looking as if we sha:}.l be very nea.:e the mark. The Agricultural Executive Committees throughout the counties, w'hich were set un the day aft~r war broke out, vith the co-operation of farmers, lai~ the foundation of success in this cru1paigno These Committees deserve great credit for wha.t they are doing. Their work meEJ.ns a lot to us in this war and :fo.rmers are working with a will o.s the great new areas of ploughed l and throughout the country show. Vfu~l~ no section of the community can hope to escape from sacrifices o.s the res~lt of ~he war, the Government is doing what they can to ensure a ·f3.ir re curn to the farmer_for his labour•. We have been discussing in t4G House of Commons 0..'he House of Comrnons has given a Second Reading.) this s.f'ternoon ( to'J a new J;.gricultural -3 ­Wages Bill for Scotlo.nclo-· -It--is c1esign:;cl to sv;.i·c Scottish c,onditions and b~,r mo.ki11g for more con1 4-c1unce o.monG fnrm workers I believe that this Bill will benefit the industry .o..li. round. I know that the shortage of f o.rm la-bour is o. sc:cious problem in mnny :9arts of tho countr•y and it is one which tho Government.have had under careful conside:iation, and vo.rious sto~s to ease the position are being investigated. But farmLrs should not forget The Women's Land Armyo It has already come to Scotland and will becomo -Jrominentc Of the f armer-s who o.r e employing these girls, many s;_leak With high yraise Of their keenness and capo.bility. I believe vrn shall soe more of thorn and my ov-m view is that em~r)loyment of land gi1"ls is a good insurance and that those farmers who insm"e in this rro.y against shortage of labour are doing well for themselves and their countr-y. The Press, the hoardings and the ylatform ar o all a sking us to 'tiig for victory". A s~9ccial drive is being made oy t:'.1e Scottish Gardens and Allotments Committee. which we set U-·) :.:L.'1.a,er the chairmanship of Sir Robert Greig, to got the utmost done in tho three weeks or so that remain of 9l anting time., We a1"e aiming to get 50 1 000 allotment holders and gardeners into this campaign. This job is really urgent. 501000 allot\u nts ~an ~yroduce vegetables and fruit that o.re tho equivalent of many thousand tons of ship~ing. Precious tons these: Let us froo them for other war necessities. I have been tallcing o.b out agriculture -o.s Secretary of State I am concerned with man~r aspects of Scottish life 9 but my four main Departments are the Department of Agriculture for Scotland_, the Scottish Education Do~artment, the Do~artment of Health fo~ Scotland, and the Scottish Home De:9artmcmt, all of which worlc at St. Andrew's House, in Edinburgh. I cannot, of course ) within the compass of this talk say all that I should like abo:it these Departments. They cover a good deal of the life of Scotland ancl their work since September last illustrates well how ScotJ_and haR ada·otod itself to tho war. In :education. for ;Lnstanco, there have been all the U!Jsets of evacuation ai;C:l of aJ.r ra id Tff·ecautionsc We have tried to hold on, however, to the essence of Scottish ed.ucation. We have introduced the war-timo leaving certifico.tc and are making a steady advance tovmrds restoring full-time e.ducation. To turn now to the Department of Health, its work, too, has been dominated by the war. Its big war jobs ar e the organisation of the casualty services -hospitals, first-aid 9osts, etc;. ­evacuation, and the organisation of personnel of the medica~ and allied professions. Despite these preoccupations the normal work of the Deuartmont~ in health and social services has been carried o on -national insui1 ance, :pension::, );JUblic health~l11Altcry1ity services~ and housing in so far as this is :porrni ttec1 by the supply timber•, •nd in s ome of these services advances have beon made dospito the war. Old Age Pensions for example have been improved and extcr,.d0dl.. under the recent Act. As rezards housing~ it is interesting to note that the number of houses built by local authorities in .Scotland in 1939 reached a now r e cord of 19,170 although 4 months of the war were inoluded. Future -?ror;ress will, of course; depend on the availability of materials. -l.1. ­ As regards hospitals, the peace-time hospital service has been greatly expanded to meet war-time needs. Extensions have been made to existing hospitals, completely new hospitals are being built and many private houses have been adapted for hospital purposes. Thousands of extra beds are now available against all eventualities and more are in pPeparation. Undoubtedly the most difficult of the war-time jobs of the Health Department is evacuation. The evacuation plan has come under the fire of criticism; but much of this criticism ignOJ:aes the fact that the 1940 evacuation plan will not be put into operation unless and until there is serious and continuous bombing of the great cities, and if that comes; am quite confident that householders in Scotland will respond to t'.rn calL The fourth Department is the Scottish Home Department whose responsibilities, including the fields of local government, police, prisons, and fisheries, are affected by the war in many ways. I have said something alJ:>eady of the gallant way our fishermen have been carrying on. In spite of restrictions necessarily imposed on their work by the war, in spite of all the difficulties and dangers, Scottish fishermen are catching and landing in Scottish ports nearly as much fish as they did this time last yeal"'. Scotland has been roused by Hitler's dastardly attack on Norway and his wanton invasion of Denmark. Many of our men have Norse blood in their veins, especially those who come from the Orkneys and Shetlands. These Islands came to Scotland from Norway at the end of the 15th centm:ay as the dowry of a Queen. Not onlythere, but in many other parts of the North, the Norse tradition is still kept alive in the place names which have now become famous. Scapa Flow, for example, is pure Norse. Away to the North-East of the Shetlands lie the Faroe Islands belonging to Denmark, but closely bound to us by many ties -including an annual football match with a team from Lerwick. To-day the White Ensign protects these Islands until the day when, as Mr. Chur·chill has said~we hand them back to a freed and liberated Denmark. We have now been over seven months at w.ar and for the gallant men of the Royal Navy and the Royal Air Force it has been seven months of constant exploit and activity, but f01:> the Army and all land defence forces, militaryand civil, it has on the whole been a period of training and waiting, calling for patience and enduPance. But last week a change took place. Our enemy -:n•oke out in a new direction. For him it has been a costly change. It brought a crippling blow to the Gej:>man Navy and a grievous loss to his merchant shipping and personnel.But this new phase may bring new tests and trials for• us all to face. In the full confidence that through these trials we shall achieve victory and f T•eedom and put an end to the nightmare of Nazi oppression, we shall nerve ourselves for the test. No part of the British Empire is more set on victory than is Scotland. 17. L~. 40_ -~--No, 28 l~R:'.:NCH OFFICIAL COM!WNIQUE ( I;V.CNING) The following official communi que was issued this evening from French General Headquarters:­ TOWARDS ;rH:C LND OF LAST NIGHT ACTIVITY OF THE CONTACT UNITS I N 'rHE REGION TO THE \1\ffiST OF THE VOSG:CS. +++++++++ Air Ministry Bulletin No. 564. Not to be published before the Morning Papers of 18th April and not to be Broadcast, Telegraphed Abroad or Shown on Club Tapes before 7 a .m. on that day). AIR MISSION TO SOUTH AFRICA• The Air Ministry announces: His Majestyts Government in the United Kingdom ha5 gratefully accepted the offer made by His Majestyts Government in the Union of South Africa to afford facilities there for the flying training Qf Royal Air Force personnel from the United Kingdom, in common with the training of personnel for the South African Air Force. The offer of the Union Government extends also to British subjects from other parts of Africa. In pursuance of this offer an Air Mission will shortly leave this country for South Africa, b,v arrangement with the Union Government, to discuss the necessary messures for the scheme. The head of the Mission will be Air Chief Marahal Sir Robert Brooke-Popham, G.c.v.o., K.C.B., c.M.G., D.s.o., A.F.c., who assisted in inaugurating the Empire Air Training Scheme. He will be accompanied by a technical and financial staff. Royal ·r.u1s scheme/will have a double advantage. It will enable the training of/Air Force personnel to take place under favourable conditions of climate and terrain. At the same time the benefit of the latest training methods with up-to-date equipment will be made available to the South African Air Force. By arrangement with the Government of Southern Rhodesia, Sir Robert Brooke-Popham will also visit that country while in South Aft;ica, for the furtherance of the Air Training Scheme, already announced, initiated by that Government. NOTE FOR THE PRESS. _ Air Marshal Sir Robert Brooke-Popham was appointed to the Royal Flying Corps from the Oxford and Bucks. Light Infantry in 1912. He was a member of the Air Battalion, Royal Engineers, before the establishment of the Royal Flying Corps iro 1912 and is the only surviving member of the Battalion now serving in the Royal Air Force. He served in the R.F.C. ih France from August, 11914, with short intervals until the end of the War, was appointed in command of a 'Ning in February, 1915, and was subsequently employed on staff duties at Royal Flying Corps Headquarters. For his services during the war he was awarded the il.s.o, and the A.F.C. In addition, he was mentioned in despatches on four occasions and had Foreign Orders bestowed on him. He also received the awards of C.M.G. in January, 1919, c.B. in /June --2 ­ June, 1919, and KoO.Bft in June, 1927~ After the War he became Director of Re9earch at the Air Ministry until November, 1921, when he was appointed the ~irst Commandant of the then newly-constituted Royal Air Force·,staff College, holding this post until May, 19~6, when he became Air Officer Commanding, Fighting Area. He was appointed Air Off1aar Oommanding 1 Iraq Command in November, 1928, and became Commandant of the Imperial Defence College in January, 1931, when he was promoted to the rank of Air Marshal. In·January, 1933, he was appointed Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Air De-fence of Great Britaino · , In December, 1933, he was appointed Principal Air Aide-de-Camp to His Majesty the King and in January, 1935, he was promoted to the rank of Air Chief Marshalo In 1935 he was selected to fill the revived appointment of Inspector General of the Royal Air Fo~ce. He retired in 1937 and was appointed Governor and Commander­in-Ohief of Kenya in the same yearo At the outbreak of the War he relinquished this appointment and resumed work at the Air Ministry. In November, 1939, he accompanied Lord Riverdale as Chief R..A.F., representative of the United Kingdom Mission to Canada in connection with the Empire Air Training Scheme. 17/L!/40. -No. 30. OFFICIAL ADMIRALTY COMMUNIQUE. Stavanger aerodrome was subjected to heavy bombardment by our Naval forces for one hour and twenty minutes early this morning. Whilst these forces were returning from this operation, one cruiser was hit by a bomb and received some damage but is continuing on her course to her base. I