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u-~!IP~4-413-6m-3303 
BULLETIN 

OF THE 

UNIVERSITY of TEXAS 

Number 277 Published four times a month By the University of Texas At Austin, Texas. 
l'ress Series 33. 1'fay 1, l!Jl3. 
Entered at Austin, Texas, as sec· oud-class matter, under Act of Con­gress of July 16, 1894. 
The press is invited to make free use of these items with or without g·iving credit therefor. 
FlLL-UPS. 
Cullen F. Thomas of Dallas has se­cured subscriptions amounting to $10,­000 of a $100,000 loan fund which he proposes to raise to assist worthy students to obtain an education in the University of Texas. Four scholar­::-hips of $250.00 each have been award­ed to as8ist four girls to be in the University next session. Without this aid these girls could not have obtain­ed college training. 
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The six Methodist conferences of Texas will provide a special pastor for the 601 students of the University ot Texas, at Austin, who are affiliated with the Method i~t Clrnrch. 'lhis pa;:­tor will give imtruction in the JJil:le and will care for the religious wel­fare, especially for students who come from Methodist families. Under prop­er restriction, degree credit is given for Bible \Study by the University faculty. 
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The former students of the Univer­sitv of Texas have issued the first m.iinber of The Alcalde, narn:ed in honor of the Old Alcalde, Governor 
0. l\f. Roberts, at one time law pro­fessor in the University. Fritz G. Lanham of Weatherford, son of Gov­ernor S. W. T. Lanham, is editor-in­chief of 1'he Alccllde. The magazine is devoted primarily to the welfare of the University of Texas. 
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Debating teams from the University of Texas have recently defeated in clebatiug coutests teams represeuting the Stn,te Universities of M:issouJ:i and :Mississippi, while the Texas boys have suffered defeat from Colorado and Tennessee. 
TO THB PEOPLE OF TEXAS: 
Hegent.s Clarence Ousley, F. W. Burges, F. W. Cook, G. W. Littlefield, Alex Sanger, W. II. Stark and Joseph 
D. Sayers have issued an a<ldress to the people of Texas, which reads in part: 
"By a vote of 113 to 2 the House of Hepresentatives passed Senate Joint Heimlntion No. 18, submitting a con­stitntional amendment authorizing the Legislature to issue bonds, ap­proved by the Governor for the pur­pose of purchasing additional ground and erecting necessary buildings for State institutions, including the Uni­versity of Texas. The Senate passed the same resolution by a vote of 28 to 0. According to a further provision of the amendment, the income from the permanent University endowment ~hall be available for the payment of interest on the bonds issued for im­provements of the University and for the creation of a sinking fu11d for their redemption at maturity. 
The adoption by the people of this amendment is of RO much moment to the University of Texas, a.ml other St.ate institutions for highn educ:i­tion, that the Regents of the UniYer­;o;ity wish to ('all the attention of the people of Texas to the following fact;; : 
11. Under the present Constitu­tion of Texas the Legislature cannot. vote appropriations for the ereetioi1 of buildings or for other permanPnt improvements necessary for a euiver­sity of the first. cla~s demanded by onr forefathers. 
2. 
The adoption of the amendment i"nbmitted in Joint Resolution No. 18 will provide the funds necessary for the proper expansion of the Univer­><ity without any increase whateH•r of tax upon the people. 

3. 
The increase in the number of ~tudents at Austin for the present session has been more than 300, the registration for the session of 1912­1913 being 2121 students. To provide class-room for these students then! are now on the campus at Austin foe <'omfortable, but perishable, one-story "box-honse" buildings. An equally urgent need exiRts for more ground in Austin and buildings at the Medi­cal Department at Galveston." 


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The students of the University of Texas are to have, next year, a daily 11aper owned, controlled and edited by them. 
Ll~TTING THE UNIVERSITY GROW. 
For thirty years the University of Texas has grown steadily in the es­teem and confidence of the people. The men who have constituted its g·overning board have been distin­guiohed citizens selected from differ­ent sections of the State; its faculty have been well equipped scholar;;, chosen without political influence for merit and efficiency; nearly twenty thousand Texas boys and girls have been students in its halls; no breath of scandal has touched it; its growth and prosperity have more than kept pace with the advancement of the great State which gave it being, and whose bounty sustains it year by year. One serious handicap under which it has labored, and is laboring now, can be removed by the people of 'l'exas on July 19 next without touching the pocket of any citizen. 
In view of the great benefits accru­ing to the University and other State institutions from the adoption of this amendment, we feel justified, for the first time in the history of the Board of Hegents of the University of Texas, in issuing this statement to the peo­ple. We urge every intelligent, patri­otic and fair-minded citizen to vote in favor of the amendment submitted in Senate Joint Resolution No. 18, and thus remove a great bar to the further growth and progress of the University of Texas.-From the ad­dress of the Board of Regents to the people of Texas. 
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NEED OF CO-OPETIATION. 
"The need of co-operation in se­curing cheap money for the farmerR in the Southwest is as great as the need of aid obtaining larger returns for his produce. In many places in Texas and Oklahoma the farmer is yet obliged to pay rates of interest that range from 10 to 25 per cent, and even these rates are better than buying on time from the country mer­chant. In some sections without banking faciliti"s, crNJit from the co1111try merchant is the only recourse, Si<le by side with the farmer is the cattle man, who is able to secure money at interest rates of 6 to 8 per cent, an<l the railroads which have little troublle in finding· capitai at much lower rates. The cattle men and the railroad men have flexible and rfficient organizations; they work to­gt>ther. The farmers, on the other hand, with loose organizations or no organizations at. all, though pm;sess­ing in the aggregate much greater wealth, continlle to pay rninous ratPs of intrrP~t."-From an addn•s>< of Prr~iclPnt !V[t>zes of the UnivPrsity of Tt·xa~: . 
684-413-6rn~3303 
PAPER MAKING IN TEXAS. 
Professor C. T. Dowell, instructor in ChemiEtry in the University of Texas, believes that money can be made in Texas by those who are will­ing to unc1ertake the manufacture of paper. Writing in the Dallas News, he mys: 
"Texas is an inviting field for the production of paper. The paper-mak­ing industry in Texas has only maclt' a beginning. It is strongly believed that the rearnn why it has not been developed more fully in this and some of the other Southern States is be­cam:e the capitafo.-ts do not realize the possibilities to be found here. i\fany of the Northern States, with conditions no more favorable for paper-making, are manufacturing sev­eral times the amount of paper pro­d tH•ec1 in Texas. It seems to be un­bnsiness-like for any people to im­port a commercial article which can he nmlle to good advantage at home. v\'hy ~honld we of Texas pay others to make nearly all of the paper we u~e when everything seems to be favorable for its production at home? 
The amount of high-quality writing paper used is small compared with the inferior quality used for newspapers, wrapping paper, etc. I hope to be able to show that an ample supply of material!,; ~uitable for the production of these lower grades of paper are to be found in Texas. It :should not be inferred, howevt>r, that no oppor­tunity exiEts in this State for the prochietion of high-grade papers. 
Jn the manufacture of paper, as in nearly all other industrial operations, there are several factors which must be considered by one who is think­ing of entering the business. Among theRe may be mentioned: (1) Cost of fuel, (2) quantity and quality of water available, (3) cost of raw paper materials, (4) co~t of labor, (5) ship­ring facilities and (6) the market for the finiRhed products." 
Professor DowPll then ~hows in de­tail that all thl'se factors are favor­ahle f•Jr the manufacturer of paper in Texas, and concludes as follows: 
"Texm:; has th:> fuel, paper material, etc., needed for paper production. It iR hopC'd thnt those having the capi­tal anil experience necessary for en­tering thiR enterprise will investigat<· conditions in our State." 
CHEAP MONEY FOR 'l'HID FARMER. 
In many countries of Europe the farm er s have organized credit unions which furni'h to the small farmer at a low rate of int<>rest needt>d money to <'arry on his work. Side hy sicle with th:• c•rpdit uniom; an• organiza­timi>' for co-operathe marketing. '1 hrn<'P-;h thc•ce organizations the farm­ET ff<ts thP hNt pricPs for his pro­c1r•ec·. l'rofeFFOr Spurg<>on HPll of tlrn 
l ·n inT~jtv of T(•x as h:L~ a ::-;erlt·s of 
nrti<'les in the l"ur m and Rnnoh on thi>< nibject. Jn one of them he says : 
"There h; probably no phase of co­op<>ration in agric<:lture whil"h has grcat\>r pos~ibilitirn th:tn co-operative <·re<lit. 1t is possible, in the credit in"truuH'nts ('lllployerl by -the farmer iu Recnring loans, to cmbocly the right Jll'iuciples of agricultnre. Property w hieh he might mortgage for a loai1 would necessarily be kept in a good condition n.s to fertility in order to maintain its Yalue. ThCo"se credit f.o­eieties could become <:enters for tlw dissemination of such information. J,oans made in connection with the marketing of crops would alw bring the farmer in touch with the beEt ad­vice concerning such marketing. 'l'hc co-operative union would be the mo~t important ally to organized co-opera­tin~ marketi11g. The managers an<l cli­n·ctnr8 of these unions would have their attention attracted to qnestion>< of financing the farmer, because th~ir r('g11lar cfaily business would force them to f:we these questions. Throug·h these unions the best information concerning markets and co-operatiYe action would gradually become com· 
mon knowledge. The farmer can nCo"v('r be erlucate<l on these subjects 1rnlC'ss the organized methods of se­c11ring credit and fincling markets forces him to take thought. 'l'he pres­ent chaos and marketing waste will continue until organizPd action is snb­Ptit11tec1 for inclivi<lnal responsibility in financing the farmer, and in the marketing of farm produce." 
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Tt ·i>< not often that one American l 7uh'ersity h1,>; two reprPsentativt>R h1 the Cabinet. The Rt>crf'tary of Agri­ei: lt.11n', David F. Houston, was for a long time Professor an<l afterwarcls President of th? University of TPxas. Po~tmaster Ot>neral A. S. Bnrlt'ROll was a. rnemlwr of the first gradnat­
i11g cln.s~. 
INJUSTICE TO THE PRODUCER. 
In a recent address on Educational Aids for Farmers, President .Mezef; said in part: 
"While some progress has been made in teach.ing the farmer how to grow more crops, little has yt·t been done to aid him in securing· fair prices for his prodnce. To illm;trate the gToss injustice of our present mar­keting sy:;tem, I may i;oint out the fact that at Laredo, Texas, in 011r on ion grnwing di;;trict, pne <lay a 
:-:hort tin1e ago, onions \Vere sold for 
:~ cents a pound; the next morniug Laredo onions WH'e sold in .the open market at Am:tin, Texas, at 15 ceuts a pound. In this transaction, as you will >:ce, the commission man, th! pub­lic carrier, and the r etail dealer di­vitkcl among therm:elves 650 per cent of the price paid to the grower. Again, tomatoes were sold one day at two­thirds cents each in Palestine, 'fexar,;, and the next morning were sold in t.he market~ of Am:tin at 5 cents each. Ju Ntl'h of the i1k:tances e·ited the rroducrr received only 13 per cent of the final selling price, while 87 per cent of the selling price was divided among· the ra.ilroads and the sellers of the produce. The glaring injustice of such a syi,tem is made more ap­parent by a compttriFon with the r e­sults of co-operation in marketing 
farm lirodu<:ts in Denmark. In that c•o11ntry for example, the co-operation :oocid,y handles, ~orts according to f;ize, and ral'ks eggs for 3 1-~ pl·r el'11t; the Fhip1:ing aud selling cm t 4 per cent, leaYing the farmer !J2 1-:~ per cent of the final purchase priee paid b,Y the consmner. In Tex<1.s, w;th­out co-operation, the farmer rf'ceiY<'S 
J:l per cent of the final selling price of his produce; in Denmark, thro11gh co-operation, the farmer receives D2 1-2 per cent." 
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At the University of Texas econ­nomical students are living on $10 a month for board and lodging. The Univernity provirles some Tooms at $2.00 a month each, and the cheap board is made possible at a dining hall rim mainly by students, wherl) each person waits on himself.
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Under the diredion of Profes><or 
E. D. Shurter of the Univernity of Texas, 26:! Tf'x:1s schools have become rncrnbns of t.he State Debating and 
I : .. claiuation League. All these schoolfl <l Phate<l the subject of Woman's Suf­frage. The winners in the i,;ixteen di,trit·t" ll1l'Pt at A11Ftiu, May a, for the final conte>-t.