• • xaa 
University of Texas Bulletin 
No. 2822: June 8, 1928 
CONSTITUTION AND RULES 
of 
The Interscholastic League 
Division of Extension 


PUBLISHED BY 
THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS 
AUSTIN 



Publications of the University of Texas 
Publications Committees: 
GENERAL: 
FREDERIC DUNCALF H.J. MULLER 
D. G. COOKE G. W. STUMBERG 
J. L. HENDERSON HAL C WEAVER 
A. P. WINSTON 
OFFICIAL: 
E. J. MATHEWS R. A. LAW 
W. J. BATTLE F. B. MARSH 
C. D. SIMMONS 
The University publishes bulletins four times a month, so numbered that the first two digits of the number show the year of issue, the last two the position in the yearly series. (For example, No. 2201 is the first bulletin of the. year 1922.) These comprise the official publications of the University, publications on humanistic and scientific sub­jects, bulletins prepared by the Division of Extension, by the Bureau of Ec_onomic Geology, and other bulletins of general educational interest. With the exception of special num­bers, any bulletin will be sent to a citizen of Texas free on request. All communications about University publications shoufd be addressed to University Publications, University of Texas, Austin. 
e1tlVEHITl"O,TIXAS l'Hll, AQSTI• 

University of Texas Bulletin 

No. 2822": June 8, 1928 
CONSTITUTION AND RULES 
of 
The lnteracholaatic League 
Division of Extension 

PUBLISHED BY THB UNIVERSITY FOUR TIM ES A MONTH, AND ENTERED AS 
SECOND·CLASS MATTER A.T THE POSTOFFICE AT AUSTIN, TEXAS, 
UNDER THB ACT OF AUGUST 2i, 1912 

The benefits of education and of useful knowledge, generally diffused through a community, are essential to the preservation of a free govern­ment. 
Sam Houston 
Cultivated mind is the guardian genius of democracy. • • • It is the only dictator that freemen acknowl­edge and the only security that free­men desire. 
Mirabeau B. Lamar 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 
DEFINITIONS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7 CONSTITUTION Fees ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9 Officers -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11 Contests --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12 Divisions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------15 Eligibility -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------16 County, District, State Contests________________ _
_
_____________________________________ 21 All-round Championships________________ __
__________________
________________ _
_________
___ 
23 
Expenses and Rebates----------------------------------------------------------------------26 Disputes -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------27
Annual Meeting____________________________________ _
__________________________________-27 Amendments ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------28 RULES IN LITERARY CONTESTS Debate --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------29 Declamation -----------------------------------···-----------------------------------------------32 
Extemporaneous Speech.____________________________
_______ _
_________________________________ 35 Essay Writing___________
________________________________ __
_
_____
______________________________38 Spelling and Plain Writing_____ __
____________ _
_____ __
__ _
___ __
_______ _
___ _
____________ 41 
Music MemorY----·-------·---------·--------·-·---·-·-·-·---------·-----·-------·------------------------45 Arithmetic -----------------------·------·---···------·----------·---------------------------------52 Three-R ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------54 One-Act PlaY-----------------------------------------·--··-··----------------·----------·---------------55 Typewriting ---------------------------------------------------------···-···-------------58 Texas Wild Flower Contest.-------------------------·---·----·--·-------·--·----···-----·--··62 Art Contest---------------------···--------------------------------------------------------67 Journalism --------------------------------·---------------------------------------------------------------68 RULES IN ATHLETIC CONTESTS 
Football ----------------------···---------------------------------------------------------------------71 
Basket BalL_______________________________________________________________________________________________79 Tennis --------------------··--------------------------·--------------······-------------------------80
Rural Pentathlon______________________
______________________________________________ _
____________ 81 
Volley Ball---------------------····-·--------------------------------------··--------------------82 
Junior Boys' Track and Field________________________________________________________________83 Playground Ball·----------------------------------------------------------------------·-·------·-----84 Track and Field________ ·----·--------------------------------------------------------------------------85 FINANCIAL STA'I EMENT______ __
_______________________________________________ _
_
_____ .88 
APPENDIX -----------------··----------·-·--·-----------------------------------------------------------92 
INTERSCHOLASTIC LEAGUE CALENDAR 
County lnstitute.-Organize and elect county officers. First Day of School.-See that fee bas been paid and copy of Con­stitution and Rules is received. September 22, 1928.-Last day for meeting of district Football Com­
mittee, to be called by Temporary Chairman. October 1, 1928.-Last date for filing acceptance of Football Plan. December 8, 1928.-Last day for paying Basket Ball Fee without 
penalty. January 8, 1929.-Last day for paying Basket Ball Fee. January 8, 1929.-Last day for filing acceptance of One-Act Pla7 
plan. January 15, 1929.-Last day for paying League Membership Fee. February 25, 1929.-Last date for deciding District Championship 
in Basket Ball. March 1 and 2, 1929.-First week-end for holding County Meets. March 8 and 9, 1929.-State Basket Ball Tournament. March 29 and 30, 1929.-Last date for holding County Meets. April 5 and 6, 1929.-First week-end for holding District Meets. April 19 and 20, 1929.-Last week-end for holding District Meets. May 2, 3, and 4, 1929.-State Meet. 
[Suggestion: Copy this page a11d post in conspicuous place in your office.] 
INTRODUCTION 
What is now known as the University Interscholastic League was organized in December, 1910, at the State Teachers' Meeting at Abilene. For the first year the League's activities were confined to debates among the high schools affiliated with the University. The following year contests in declamation were added and membership in the League was thrown open to all the schools of the State below college rank. Subsequently there were also added contests in spelling, essay writing, athletics, music memory, etc., until the present schedule of events was made up. 
In 1911 a total of 28 schools joined the League; 128 in 1912; 248 in 1913; 603 in 1914; 810 in 1915; 1206 in 1916; 2268 in 1917; 2275 in 1918; 2432 in 1919; 3345 in 1920; 4095 in 1921;* 3627 in 1922; 3696 in 1923; 3759 in 1924; 4042 in 1925; 4059 in 1926; 4492 in 1927; and 5050 in 1!128. 
This League is the most highly organized and has the largest mllm· bership of any similar school organization in the United States. Its purpose is to organize and direct, through the medium of properly supervised and controlled contests, desirable school activities, and thereby assist in preparing pupils for citizenship. The ori.ranization should have the active cooperation of every school teacher in Texas, and every school in Texas, no matter how small, should become an active member. 
Special attention is called to the following matters: 
1. First of all, aim to secure a good live county organization and have every school in the county, no matter how small, join the League. "One hundred per cent county membership" should be the slogan. Contestants and delegates from counties having ten or more schools eligible to membership and securing 100 per cent League membership will, if located in the rebate zone, receive 100 per cent rebate at the State Meet. 
As the membership of the League increases, emphasis should more and more be placed on county meets, since it is here that the schools as a whole receive the most benefits from the League activities. In­terest yourself in securing the participation of all the rural schools. 
2. The question for debate during the 1928-1929 school year is, "Resolved, That the English Cabinet Method of Legislation is more efficient in England than the American Committee System is in the United States." A bulletin on the question is issued, price 15 cents per copy. The usual package library service is avilable. 
*This number includes 600 negro schools. the Interscholastic League that year 
havinst assisted in the organization of a negro league. 
University of Texas Bulletin 
3. 
All important changes in the rules are printed in bold-faced type and should receive careful attention by all school authorities who expect to enter contestants in any of the League meets. 

4. 
The rules published herein and citations to special circulars as well as notices in the "Official Notice" column of the Leaguer, are considered notice to all League members. Ignorance of the rules can not be plead in extenuation of any violation of the same. 


Roy BEDICHEK, 
Chief, Interscholastic League Bureau, Division of Extension. 
DEFINITIONS 

1. Rural School.-By the term "rural school," wherever used in the Constitution and Rules of the League, is meant a school with not more than four teachers and not located in an incorporated town. The number of teachers at the time the school joins the League determines the classification under this rule. 
If, however, the time of one teacher or its equivalent is devoted to instruction above the seventh grade, the school is classified for com­petitive purposes as a "high school" under Definition 3, below. In no case is such school required to pay for both high school and gram­mar grades more than $2, for which see Article III, Section 2 (b). 
2. 
Ward School or Grammar Grades.-A ward school shall con­stitute a separate mem.ber of the League. Grades up to and includ­ing the seventh housed in the same building with a high school enter the League on exactly the same basis as a ward school, and compete in the same division. 

3. 
High School.-A high school is one in which at least the time of one teacher, or the equivalent, is devoted to instruction above the seventh grade. 

4. 
Junior High School.-A junior high school is one occupying a building to itself and comprising a grade or grades between the highest grade in ward schools and the lowest grade in main or central high schools, and competes in Class B. 

5. 
Common School.-For the purpose of grading fees this term "common school" is used in contradistinction to "independent districts" as these terms are used in the bulletins of the State Department of Education. 

6. 
Junior and Senior Divisions.-Pupils under fourteen and ten or over ten years of age on the first day of the preceding September shall bo eligible to junior contests; pupils fourteen or over and under t~enty are eligible to the senior division. (See Section 7, Article VII.) 


Furthermore, pupils in all schools who have been promoted to the eighth grade are ineligible in junior declamation. Such juniors are, however, permitted to enter the senior division. 
7. 
Class A High School.-A Class A high school is one whose total enrollment during the preceding year reached 120, or more, pupils (junior high schools excepted). 

8. 
Class B High School.-All other high schools are Class B schools, including junior high schools. 


[Note.-Classification into Class A and Class B is made for the purposes of graduating the fees and for competition in essay writing and in track and field events at county meets.] 
9. Composite Team.-A composite team is one the members of which are made up from different school units. No composite teams are permitted to compete in Interscholastic League Contests. 
University of Texas Bulletin 
10. Advance Classification Option.-Certain member-achoola may, by notice at least two weeks in advance of the county meet addressed to the Director General, secure advanced classification; i.e., a rural school may in any event it chooses enter Class B division, and any Class B high school may enter Class A division. Thia option is not given Ward Schools or Grammar Grades. 
CONSTITUTION AND RULES OF THE UNIVERSITY INTERSCHOLASTIC LEAGUE 
ARTICLE I 
Name 
This organization shall be known as The University Interscholastic League. 
ARTICLE II 
Object 
The object of this League is to foster among the schools of Texas inter-school competitions as an aid in the preparation for citizenship; to assist in erganizing, standardizing, and controlling athletics in the schools of the State; and to promote county, district, and State inter­scholastic contests in debate, declamation, spelling, essay writing, arithmetic, writing, reading, extemporaneous speech, athletics, and music memory. 
ARTICLE III 
Membership 
SECTION 1. Any public white school in Texas that is below col­
legiate rank and that is under the jurisdiction of, and receives 
apportionment from, the State Department of Education is eligible 
to membership in this League. 
[A school which has won a circulating cup and fails or refuses to 
return the cup at demand of the State Office prior to the State Meet 
shall not be eligible t-0 membership until the cup has been returned.] 
SEC. 2. To become a member a school shall pay an annual mem­
bership fee to the Interscholastic League, University Station, Austin, 
Texas, prior to January 15 of the school year for which payment is 
made. The payment of the fee entitles the school to membership 
only for the current school year.* 
There shall be two general divisions of the schools for the purpose 
of grading fees paid in the League. 
(a) 
Schools in common school districts. 

(b) 
Schools in independent districts. 


The common school with less than 100 enrollment the preceding year shall pay $1 membership fee; with 100 enrollment or more the preceding year, $2. 
•Any claim for overpayment of fee must be filed in the State Office on or before June 15 of the year for which overpayment is alleired In order to reoeiYe 

consideration. 
University of Texas Bulletin 
A ward school having 100 enrollment or more the preceding year shall pay $2; a ward school having less than 100 enrollment the preceding year shall pay $1. 
Class B high schools having fifty or more enrolled in the high school proper shall pay $5, and those having less than fifty $2 for the high school proper; and Class A high schools shall pay $8. Junior high schools shall pay $5. (For Class A and Class B, see definitions on page 6, and see fee provision in Definition 1, page 7.) 
The fee of grammar grades located in the same building with a high school shall be the same as for ward schools stated above. 
SEC. 3. The membership fee must be paid by every school in order to entitle it to enter the county, district, or final contests in debate, declamation, essay writing, spelling, athletics, arithmetic, extemporaneous speech, or music memory, and $1 extra fee for each school entering the series leading to the State Basket Ball Tourna­ment. 
(For penalty for late payment of basket ball fee, see Rule 9, p. 80.) 
SEC. 4. In a city system of schools, each high school, each junior 
high school, and each ward or elementary school where the latter i11 
under a separate principal, and is in a separate building from tht 
high school and comprises the first seven grades or any subdivision 
thereof, shall constitute a separate member of the League and shall 
pay a separate membership fee. No pupil in one such school unit 
shall represent another in any contest, but the eligibility rule govern­
ing attendance (Article VIII, Section 6) shall not require attendance 
at one such school unit longer than one day, provided such pupil has 
been transferred to that unit and has attended the city schools for the 
time specified in Section 6, Article VIII. This rule does not affect 
Article VIII, Section 13. 
SEC. 5. Each school joining this League shall be entitled to a copy 
of the Constitution and Rules, one copy of the word-lists for spelling, 
one copy (upon request) of "Number Sense," a bulletin necessary 
for preparation of contestants in the county arithmetic contest, and 
a year's subscription to The Interscholastic Leaguer. Upon request 
of the principal, or superintendent, each teacher having in charge 
the preparation of students for any League contest will be placed on 
the Leaguer mailing list free of charge. 
[Note.-The practice of furnishing free copies of the debate 
bulletin has been discontinued in order that the price of this bulletin 
may be reduced. Send for a copy of the League's Publication List, 
which describes all League bulletins and indicates which are free and 
which are sold and at what price.] 
SEC. 6. Any school that enters any of the contests of this League 
without having paid its membership fee shall be disqualified for 
further contests for the year, unless a satisfactory excuse for such 
failure is presented to the State Executive Committee. 

Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 11 
ARTICLE IV 
Officers 
SECTION 1. The officers of this League shall consist of a State Executive Committee, and an executive committee for each district and for each county (Independent districts having a white scholastic enrollment of 4,000 or more, being considered counties). 
SEC. 2. The State Executive Committee of the University Inter­scholastic League shall be appointed by the President of the Univer­sity on the same basis that other faculty committees of the University are appointed. It shall be the duty of this Executive Committee to have administrative charge of the affairs of the League, to prepare and distribute bulletins and other literature pertaining to its work, to cooperate with county and district officers, and to decide disputes that are appealed to it from county and district committees, except the selection and decisions of judges, and excepting eligibility disputes in intra-district football contestS'. 
The State Executive Committee follows: Thomas H. Shelby, Chair­man; Roy Bedichek, Roy B. Henderson, R. A. Cox, B. C. Tharp, Victor I. Moore., D. K. Brace, and I. I. Nelson. 
SEC. 3. Each district of this organization as designated in the December (1928) issue of the Leaguer shall be under the general charge of a District Executive Committee to be appointed by the State Executive Committee and consisting of a Director General as chair­man, a Director of Declamation, a Director of Debate, a Director of Extemporaneous Speech, a Director of Athletics, and a Director of Essay Writing. It shall be the duty of such district committee to have immediate charge of the district contests in a given district; to organ­ize and promote county contests; and to arrange for a final district contest not later than two weeks prior to the State Meet. The Direc­tor General shall have general charge of arrangements for the district contests. The other district officers shall have immediate charge of arranging for and conducting the contests respectively denoted by their titles. The "3-R Contest" shall be under the supervision of the County Superintendent of Schools in the respective counties, or person designated by him. The District Director General shall designate a competent person to conduct the district 3-R contest. 
(In case the District Committee elects to have a district contest in Music Memory, the Director General of the district is authorized to appoint a Director whose duty it shall be to conduct this contest.) 
SEC. 4. The contests in each county shall be under the immediate charge of a County Executive Committee to be elected annually dur­ing the county teachers' institute,* or in the event of failure so to 
*In case the institute is not held until December, any five schools may join in 8 
call for a meeting of the teachers of the county for the purpose of electing a county committee, provided at least two weeks' notice of such meetin11: is published in a 
newspaper of veneral circulation over the county. 
University of Texas Bulletin 
elect, the county executive committee shall be appointed by the State Executive Committee. Such county executive committee shall consist of a Director General as chairman, a Director of Declamation, a Director of Debate, a Director of Spelling, a Director of ~ssay Writ­ing, a Director of Rural Schools, who shall be county superintendent of public instruction unless otherwise directed by the county institute, 
and a Director of Athletics. (The county institute shall also elect a county Director of Music Memory contest without vote on the County Executive Committee.) The Director General is authorized to appoint a Director of Arithmetic. It shall be the duty of such county executive committee to enforce eligibility rules in the county, to have imme­diate charge of county contests in public speaking, spelling, music memory, arithmetic, essay writing, and athletics; to arrange for financing them without charging member-schools an additional fee; to canvass schools for entries to such contests; to see that membership fees are paid before admission to such contests is allowed; to cooperate with the county superintendent in effect­ing and promoting a county organization; to see that the Uni­versity Interscholastic League is listed on the institute program and that a period is set aside for discussion of the work and the election of officers; to correspond with the State Office with regard to the interests of the work in the county; to adjudicate disputes arising within the county; and in general to work toward making the county contests worth while in and by themselves, regardless of the district and final contests. (It is suggested that in financing the meet, the town holding the meet raise funds so that it will not be necessary to charge contestants admission fees.) 
The Director General in each county shall have general charge of arranging for the county contests and shall have immediate charge of such industrial or other contests as may be arranged for the county meeting. (Such contests do not count teward county all­around championship.) The other county officers shall have immediate charge of arranging for and conducting the contests respectively denoted by their titles. 
ARTICLE V 
Districts and District Officers 
(A directory of·districts and district officers will be published in the December (1928) issue of the Leaguer and in latter issues.) 
ARTICLE VI 
Contests 
SECTION 1. This League shall hold, annually, the following contests: 
(a) City Contests as provided in Section 5 of this article. 

Constitution a"ll.d Rules, Interscholastic League 13 
<b) County Conf!etlts in: Debate, girls and boys separate divi­mns; tennis doubles and singles for boys and girls; sub-junior, junior, and senior spelling for rural schools and for independent districts; junior and senior declamations for boys and girls, separate high school and rural school divisions; essay writing (four divisions); extemporaneous speech; arithmetic; boys' basket ball; track and field eo.>ents for boys Class A and Class B; rural penthatlon (see pp. 81-82) ; ''3-R" contest for rural schools (see p. 54) ; junior boys' athletic events; volley ball for senior girls, playground ball for junior boys and fo~ junior girls, music memory as prescribed, pp. 45-51. 
(c) District and State Contests shall be uniform with those held in the county, with the exception of certain optional contests herein suggested; and with the exception of arithmetic, spelling and music memory contests, junior boys' athletic events and games, volley ball for girls, and basket ball, for which see "State Tournament" and "Track and Field," which are combined into one division in the District and State meets. (Note Sec. 2 (e) Article IX.) 
SEC. 2. Time of Holding the Contests.-Final county contests shall be held during March, district contests in April and not later than two weeks prior to the State Meet, and the final State contest on the first Thursday, Friday, and Saturday in May, i.e., in 1928, May 3, 4, and 5. 
SEC. 3. Sub-county Contests.-In counties where there are a large 
number of schools belonging to the League, it is a good plan to pro­
vide for sub-county contests. However, unless the county member­
ship consists of twenty-five schools or more, such sub-county contests 
should be for the purpose of practice, arousing local interest, and 
furnishing a means of developing community spirit and not for the 
purpose of eliminating contestants for the county finals. Whenever 
twenty-five or more schools in the county belong to the League, 
the County Executive Committee may divide the county into not more 
than four districts and provide a time and place for sub-county con­
tests, eliminating all but the three highest ranking schools in debate 
and declamation; and the highest ranking schools in tennis and basket 
ball.* (The purpose of this section is to provide for optional elimina­
tion contests in such counties where the number of contestants in a 
given event will probably be so large as to render it difficult to 
schedule the contests at the County Meet.) 
SEC. 4. County Contests.-The County Executive Committee shall fix the time (see Section 2 above) and place of the county contests 
•In counties where conditions warrant, the County Executive Committe£ may arrange Class A high school and Class B high school divisions in debate and in 
••uior declamation, provided that winners in the respective divisions are matched 
to decide the county representation at the district meet. 
Also, the County Executive Committee may combine Class A and Class B track 
meets in counties having not more than two Class A schools, if, in the judgment of 
the County Committee, such arrangement will secure better competition. 
University of Texas Bulletin 
and announce the same to all the schools in the county at least one month before the time specified for holding the same. Shortly after the closing date for the payment of membership in the League (Jan­uary 15, see Article III, Section 2) the Director General will be fur­nished with a list of schools in the county which have paid member­ship fees, and the Director General shall exclude from participation in the county meet any school in his county which has not paid its fee and does not appear on this list furnished from the State Office. Participation of a non-member school in a county meet may, upon action of the State Executive Committee, deprive that county of district representation. It is incumbent, therefore, upon each member school to see to it that this provision is rigidly enforced. (It is well for the county teachers' institute to elect the County Committee several days before the institute adjourns so that the committee may organize and decide upon plans for the county contests for announcement during the session of the institute.) 
SEC. 5. City Contests.-Independent districts having a white scholastic population of 4,000 or more according to the last published enumeration of scholastic population by the State Department of Education, are not eligible to the county contests. The city super­intendent of schools is authorized to appoint the directors for con­ducting the city contest. Such a city may send contestants direct to the District Meet in the following events: debate, declamation, boys' basket ball, tennis, extemporaneous speech, track, and music memory-in case the District Directorate elects to have a contest in music memory-see Article IX, Section 2. The winning ward and high school essays shall be entered with the District Director of Essay Writing to be judged in their appropriate divisions in the District Meet. 
SEC. 6. District Contests.-lt shall be the duty of the District Executive Committee to announce the time and place of the district contests at least one month before the time set for holding the same and to communicate with and assist county officers of the League in regard to matters pertaining to the county and district contests. Only the winners in the different events in the county contests shall be eligible to participate in the district contests in debate, declamation, tennis, essay writing, "3-R," extemporaneous speech, athletics, and music memory, except the winners in these events in each city having 4,000 white scholastics may enter the district contests under the conditions specified in the preceding section. 
District basket ball tournament& are in charge of the District .Director of Athletics. The County Director of Athletics shall notify ·the District Director of the name of the team that has won the county 

Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 15 
championship. It shall be the responsibility, also, of the school win­ning the county championship to ascertain from the District Director of Athletics the date and place of the district tournament. 
ARTICLE VII 
Who May Enter the Dijjerent Contests 
SECTION 1. The Junior Division.-The Junior division is open only to boys and girls under 14 and 10 or over on the first day of September preceding. (See Section 7 of this article.) . Furthermore, the Junior division in declamation is not open to any pupils who have been regularly, or conditionally, promoted to the eighth grade* 
SEC. 2. Sub-junior Division.-This division applies only in spell­
ing and is open only to pupils who were under ten years of age on 
the first day of September preceding the contest. 
SEC. 3. Senior Division.-The Senior division is open to pupils of prescribed age for this di vision (see Section 7) . 
SEC. 4. The Rural School Division.-Separate declamation, music 
memory, spelling, and essay writing contests are open to rural schools. 
There shall be separate declamation contests for boys and for girls, 
junior and senior, in this division, and three divisions, sub-junior, 
junior, and senior, in spelling, but only one division in essay writing, 
and one in music memory. 
In the newly organized "3-R" contest and the Rural Pentathlon 
only one-and two-teacher rural schools are eligible. 
SEC. 5. State Winners Barred.-The winner of the State cham­
pionship (that is, first place) in debate (or member of the winning 
team), declamation, or extemporaneous speech, shall not be eligible 
again; and contestants awarded 100 per cent certificates in spelling 
are also disqualified from further competition in that division in 
spelling, and winners of 100 per cent music memory pins awarded 
from the State Office of the League are disqualified from further 
competition in music memory. 
SEC. 6. The same contestant shall not be eligible to represent his 
school in more than one of the public speaking contests in the same 
year, and participation in the one-act play contest shall be considered 
participation in a "public speaking event." 
[Note.-There is no other absolute rule against double representa­
tion, but since elimination contests in debate, declamation, tennis, and 
track are held concurrently at the State Meet, it is inadvisable for 
a contestant to attempt to enter more than one of these contests.] 
SEC. 7. Age Limit.-The age limits as prescribed in this article 
and elsewhere in this constitution shall be determined by the age of 
•Note that this rule has been radically changed to conform substantially with recommendation passed at the State M<eting of Delegates, May 7, 1927. A junior 
who is thus debarred from the junior division may enter the senior division. 
University of Texas Bulletin 
a pupil on the first day of the preceding September (Soo Section lp Article VIII). Thus, if a contestant's tenth birthday happens to fall on the first day of the preceding September, he competes in the junior divisions; if his fourteenth birthday falls on the first day of the preceding September, he competes in the senior divisions; if his twentieth birthday falls on the first day of the preceding September, he is ineligible. 
ARTICLE VIII 
Eligibility Rules 
Member schools agree to observe these rules in all contests among schools eligible to membership in the League, whether with another member of the League or not. Member schools also agree to furnish the League school records upon demand. A school that refuses to produce its records after having been requested to do so shall be suspended for a period of from one to three years. 
The "Official Notice" column in the League'I' is con!tidered suf­ficient notice to all member schools concerning interpretations of rules. 
The following eligibility rules shall apply to every contest held under the auspices of this League. School principals and superin­tendents are charged with the respo'118ibility of seeing that these rules are strictly observed in each and every contest in which, tkeir pupils engage. 
SECTION 1. Age Limits.-No one shall take part in any contest in this League who, on the first day of the preceding September, has reached or passed his or her twentieth birthday or who was less than ten years of age on the first day of the preceding September, except in case of the sub-junior contest in spelling, fo11 which see Spelling Rules and Section 2, Article VII. 
[Note.-Earliest documentary evidence shall be final in deciding disputes arising under this rule.] 
SEC. 2. Undergraduates Only.-No one shall take part in any contest in this League who has been graduated from his school or other school of equal or higher rank, or who has sufficient credits to entitle him to a diploma, e:z:cept: A contestant shall not be barred by this rule who has been graduated from a school of less than :fifteen affiliated units (as recorded in the current issue of "Texas High Schools" published by the State Department of Education), and re­turns the next year to take the advanced work in a high school having as many as three more affiliated units; provided, that such pupil is an undergraduate in the school to which he or she returns or to which he or she has been transferred. (Note, however, Section 13, of this article.) 
[Note.-A graduate of an unaccredited school is not eligible unless he is taking work in a higher grade which is required for graduation.] 

Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 17 
SEC. 3. Scholarship Requirement.-No one shall take part in any cont.est in this League who, at the time of the contest, is not passing, since the beginning of the semester or term, in at least three credit courses (for which the contestant has no credit), each of which re­quires at least 180 minutes devoted to recitation each week, to the date seven days prior to the contest. Provided, that a pupil in a grade below the high school shall be considered as fulfilling the scholarship requirement if he is taking a total of 720 minutes of recitation work each week and is passing at least three-fourths of such work, and provided further, that in a school not offering a total of 720 minutes of recitation work per week a pupil may satisfy the scholarship requirement if he is taking the regular amount of reci­tation work for that school and is passing in three-fourths of such work. 
(Grades made in Physical Training or other subjects carrying only subsidiary credits shall not be considered in determining eligibility under the rule.) 
SEC. 4. College Contestants Barred.-No one shall take part in any athletic contest in this League who, either as a substitute or as a regular, ever represented a college in any athletic contest.* 
SEC. 5. Day Students Only.-The studies required to be taken according to these rules shall be taken during the day session of school. 
SEC. 6. Attendance.-No one shall take part in any contest in this League who, at the time of the contest, has not been a bona fide regular attendant at the school represented for thirty calendar days immediately preceding the contests, or since the first day of the second week of the current school year; i.e., a pupil who enrolls after the first day of the second week is not eligible for thirty calendar days; except that ten days regular attendance shall qualify students in rural schools for participating in these contests.t 
[Note.-Absence for not over two weeks on account of sickness or other unavoidable cause shall not bar a pupil if a written certifi­cate of such cause for absence is presented, signed by the parent or guardian; provided, that such absence cannot be computed on time prior to the student's actual entry in a given school, or after his withdrawal.] 
SEC. 7. Four-Year Rule.-No one shall take part in any athletic contest in this League who has participated in either academy or inter-high-school athletics, or both, for four years. Participation prior to promotion to the eighth grade shall not count on the maximum of four years allowed under this rule. 
*Jn interpretinc this rule, the State Executive Committee, October 10, 1923, defined "college" as follows: "Any institution offerinc work above tbat of a r.egular high school, as determined by the latest course of study or catalocue." 
tinstitute held before school opens is not counted as th~ beginning of the school year. 
University of Texas Bulletin 
Students in the seventh grade or lower are ineligible to represent .A high school except in cases where the seventh or lower grade is a part of a junior high school. 
Note.-The four-year rule allows a student four years of partici­pation while a student in high-school grades. If he takes part in some branch of sport during a part of each year following his first appearance in an inter-high school contest he becomes ineligible four years from the begining of the season in which he first participated. 
For the purpose of determining eligibility under this rule there shall be three seasons in the school year:* (1) From September 1 to January 1. (2) From January 1 to March 1. (3) From March 1 to the close of the school year. If the student drops out of school, or if he fails to represent the school during a comI>lete year or years of his allotted time, he is entitled to that much time after he would have normally become ineligible. 
Examples.-Except as provided in the footnote, a boy who begins his participation in season 1, and who participates in some sport each year following, becomes ineligible September 1 four years thereafter. If he begins in season 2, he becomes ineligible January 1 four years thereafter. If he begins in season 3, he becomes ineligible March 1 four years thereafter. 
SEC. 8. Amateurs Only.-No one shall take part in any athletic contest in this League who has ever received money (individual traveling expenses not excepted after January, 1925), or other valu­able consideration for teaching, officiating, or participting in any form of athletics, sports, or games, or who in any game outside of gamea played as a member of his school team or the Interscholastic League has, within the last twelve months, competed on a team with a paid player or contestant. This rule does not apply to pupils who were under 15 years of age at the time payment for athletic services was made.t 
[Note.-This rule shall not be interpreted to prohibit the acceptance of rebates on railroad fare in interscholastic contests fostered by institutions of higher education.] 
SEC. 9. Playing Under Assumed Name.-No one shall participate in any contest of the League, who has ever contested under an assumed name. 
•A boy who is eligible for the normal season of a sport is eligible to complete that sport season. For example, a boy parUeipates the first time in track after March 1, 1925. NormaUY he becomes ineligible March 1, 1929, but he is on a basket ball team that has won its way to the State Tournament which always comes after March 1. In this case he is eligible for the State Tournament. 
tinterpretation of this rule by the State Executive Committee, October 10, 1923, follows: "Money or other valuable consideration accepted by a contestant after a contest renders the contestant ineligible for further participation in Inter­
scholastic League contests, irrespective of whether or not there was any asree­
ment with regard to remuneration previous to the contest, all subject to the 
provisions of the rule of which this is merely an interpretation." 

Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 19 
SEC. 10. Certificate of Eligibility.-Before each game or contest in this League, each school shall file with the director in charge and upon demand shall furnish to the manager of an opposing team, a list of the contestants representing that school with the eligibility of such contestants certified to by the principal or superintendent. 
SEC. 11. Suspension for lnfraction.-Any school that violates any of the eligibility rules of this League may be suspended from further competition in the League for a period of from one to three years in the event in which the infraction is made upon presentation to the State Executive Committee of sufficient evidence of said infraction. A school that continues to use a contestant who has been declared ineligible shall be suspended from the League for a period of from one to three years in the event in which the infraction is made, and all contracts with member schools in this event become at once null and void. 
[Note.-The usual penalty in basket ball or footoall for using an ineligible man is forfeiture of the game or games in which the in­eligible contestant partici"9ated.] 
SEC. 12. May Not Play Suspended Teams.-No school in this League shall allow its team to engage in a contest with the members or team of any suspended school, and any school violating this rule shall be suspended for the remainder of that season and for the following season. 
[Seymour High School is suspended in Senior Boys Declam.ation for 1928-1929 season; and Austin High School is suspended in basket ball for 1929 season.] 
SEC. 13. Changing Schools.-A pupil changing schools is not eligible in League contests whose parents (or guardian*) reside out­side the school district, until be shall have been in attendance at the school to which he changes for one year immediately preceding the contest; provided, such pupil is not barred under this rule who (1) changes. from a school district having less than fifteen affiliated units to the nearest school in good standing with League having as many as three more, or to the school having fifteen or more affiliated units located nearest hhii home or the nearest one in his county, (2) lives with his parents or guardian and elects to change from a school hav­
*In order to avail himself of the residence of his guardian to become eligible under this rule, the guardianship must be legal and of at least one year's standing. If no legal guardianship has been taken out, three years' residence with and sup­port of a contestant establishes guardianship within the meaning of this rule. If both parents of the boy are living no guardianship is possible in the meaning of 
this provision. 
On March 26, 1928, the State Executive Committee directed that a contestant, both of whose parents are dead, is eligible his first year In the school district 
wherein a grandparent, uncle, aunt, or older brother or sister resides, with whom 
he lives and by whom he is supported. 
University of Texas Bulletin 
ing less than fifteen affiliated units to one having as many as three affiliated units more than the school from which he changes.* [Note.-This rule applies within a city having two or more high schools.] 
SEC. 14. Football Contestants.-Besides being subject to the pro­visions of the preceding section, a contestant in football who has changed school systems during the past year is not eligible if he was ineligible when he withdrew from the former school. In addition, the contestant does not become eligible in the new school until he files, in duplicate, in the State Office, a transfer's certificate from the superintendent or principal of his former scho<tl containing the fol­lowing information: Date of birth; date of withdrawal; date of enrollment his last semester; date of enrollment the semester at­tended preceding his last semester; courses passed his last semester; courses passed at the close of the semester attended preceding his last semester; participation in athletics; duration of enrollment the semester attended preceding his last semester. Furthermore, this certificate shall state that, in the opinion of this signatory, the con­testant's parents or guardian were not induced to make the move by payment direct or indirect of any valuable consideration for the athletic services of the said contestant.t 
[Note.-For the convenience of member-schools the League will furnish blank forms for this certification. Upon receipt of the duplicate certificates in the State Office the date of receipt shall be stamped thereon and one copy forwarded to the Chairman of the District Executive Committee. The certificate will contain a coupon which shall be detached by the Chairman of the District Committee and returned to the school concerned. This will indicate to the school that all provisions of the rule have been complied with.] 
SEC. 15. Teachers Ineligible.-A person who is receiving as much as $300 per year for teaching whole or part time is ineligible for any League contest. 
SEC. 16. Passing Grade Preceding Semester.-No one shall take part in any contest in this League who did not attend school a major portion of the preceding semester and who did not complete at least three half tmits during the semester. A pupil who has been out of 
•interpretations of this nile by the State Executive Committee follow: 
1. 
If the parents of a contestant move from the district before he has been in attendance for one year he loses his eligibility in the school district from which his parents move, and remains Ineligible there until his year is up. 

2. 
Between unaccredited schools, a contestant Is eligible his first year only In the one located nearest his home or the nearest one in his county. If he has finished the grades offered in the nearest school, he automatically becomes eligible in the nearest school offering work in a hi'lrher grade. 


tA football contestant in a school system for the first year is not eligible until transfer certificate for him is duly filed. This applies also to contestants from nearby rural schools. 

Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 21 
school a year or more is eligible under this section if he attended school a major portion of and completed three half units the last semester that he was in school.* 
[Note.-No exceptions are made to this rule for any reason. If the contestant was sick, or bad to quit school for other good reasons, be simply is not eligible if he failed to get credit for three half-unit credit courses the preceding semester. A contestant who bas b-n out of school a full year or more is eligible provided he attended. a major portion of, and made three half-units, the last semester he was in school. The fact that he was pauing at the time of his with­drawal does not satiafy this rule. If he did not get the prescribed credit he is not eligible. If the contestant was enrolled leH than three weeks his last semester he is not considered as having attended that semester. In such case, the last semester in which he was en• rolled for a period as long as three weeks is taken as a basis for judg­ing eligibility under this rule.] 
[Note.,.--ln case the session is not divided in a given school into semesters, it shall be divided on the semester basis for the purpose of determining eligibility cases arising under this rule.] 
SEC. 17. Football Coach Must Be Fnllrtime Empf,oyee of School Board.-A football team is not eligible to entry in the Interscholastic League whose head coach is not a full-time employee of the school board of the school which the team represents. "Full time" means full time for the whole scko'lastic year. 
Effective September 1, 1929: 
Ten Semester Rule.-No pupil who has been in attendance upon high school for ten semesters or more shall be eligible for partici­pation in any Interscholastic League contest. 
College Contestants.-No person who has ever attended college as a regular college student shall be eligible for League contests. 
ARTICLE IX 
Relations Between County, District, and State Contests 
SECTION 1. Contestants from cities designated as counties in Article VI are barred from county contests, but may enter the district contest direct, subject to the provisions of Article VI, Section 5. 
SEC. 2. In the District Meet, the following from each county unit shall be eligible to compete: 
a. 
First place winners in each of the divisions in debate. 

b. 
First place winners in each of the four divisions in tennis. 

c. 
First place essays in each of the four essay-writing divisions. 


•A student changing schools is ine!igihe under Section 16 of Article VIII if tbe school to which he changes refuses to allow credit for work completed the preceding semester in the former school. 
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d. 	First place winners in each of the eight divisions in declama­tion in all those districts which are composed of ten or more counties, and first and second place winners in each of the eight divisions in declamation in all those districts which are composed of less than ten counties; provided, that in city-county-units (See Art. VI, Sec. 5) containing only one member-senior-~igh-school, such senior high school shall not be entitled to double represt:ntation. 
e. 
First, second, third, and fourth place winners in each track and field event, class A and class B.* 

f. 
First place winner Rural Pentathlon. 

g. 	
First place winners in extemporaneous speech in those dis­tricts having ten or more counties; and first and second place winners in those districts which are composed of less than ten counties; provided, that in city-county-units (See Art. VI, Sec. 5) containing only one member-senior-high.­school, such high school shall not be entitled to this double representation. 

h. 	
First place winning teams in music memory, in case the district directorate elects to have a district contest in music memory. 

i. 
First and second place winners in "3-R" contest. 


SEC. 3. In the final State Meet, district winners as listed in the preceding section, except: 
a. 
Music memory. 

b. 
Junior divisions in declamation. 

c. 	
In track and field, third and fourth place winners are eligible to compete in the State Meet, but without rebate privileges. 

d. 	
Second place winners in declamation and extemporaneous speech. 

e. 
Second place winners in "3-R" contest. 


[Note.-Schools having men that qualify for State Track Meet must enter them as per Rule 10, page 86. The fact that they qualify does not enter them. Ask your district Director of Athletics for official entry blanks, or request same from State office.] 
SEC. 4. In case a contestant qualifying in a meet finds that he will be unable to attend the next higher meet, it shall be his duty to so notify his principal or superintendent, whose duty, in turn, it shall be to notify the next place winner in the event (except in track or field), who shall become eligible to represent his county or district, as the case may be. No substitution is allowable in individual events, but local school authorities may make a substitu­tion to fill a vacancy on a team, as in tennis, debate, or Track and 
•In districts containing ten counties or more, the District Committee may limit district representation to first and second place winners in track and ·field from county meets. 

Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 23 
Field. Qualification in the relay race is by schools. In this event any four eligible men may be used. SEC. 5 Those attending the state meet entitled to rebate on railroad fare are as follows: 
(1) 
All district first winners in tennis, declamation, extemporane­ous speech, rural pentathlon, debate, and the 3-R contest. (See Sec. 3 above.) 

(2) 
Winners of first and second places in Track and Field at district meet; provided no one school shall be entitled to receive rebate on more than five Track and Field contestants. 

(3) 
One faculty representative from a school having one or more contestants entitled to rebate. 

(
4) The "Director General of each Interscholastic League District. 

(5) 
First, second, and third place individual winners of Regional Typewriting Tournaments. 

(6) 
Regional winners in One-Act Play. 


SEC. 6. The State Executive Committee will undertake to provide 
lodging for all delegates and contestants at the final meeting of the 
League. The committee has found it impracticable to assume respon­
sibility for meals. The large number of delegates proper renders it 
impossible to furnish lodging to parents and other visitors. 
[Since most of the lodgings are provided by public-spirited citizens of Austin, faculty representatives are requested to impress upon contestants that they should respond to this hospitality in the manner befitting a guest in a private home.] 
SEC. 7. The State Typewriting Tournament, the State Basket Ball Tournament, the State Football Championship, Bi-District Foot­ball Championships for Conference B high schools, and the One-act Play Contest are organized by the Interscholastic League independ­ently of the county meets, and the rules for all these contests are set forth in the latter portion of this bulletin. 
ARTICLE X 
Reports and Press Notices 
County and District Directors shall promptly report to the State office, at Austin, the winners in the county and district contests, and shall also furnish reports of these contests to the local press, and the principals of the winning schools in the district contests shall promptly send to the State office photographs and brief sketches of the winning contestants for use in local and state press. 
ARTICLE XI 
All-round Championship 
Only the events listed in the following section may be counted towards all-round championship. 
University of Texas Bulletin 
SECTION 1. There shall be four all-round championships awarded at the County Meet, one each in the following classes: 
1. 
Class A High School 3. Rural School 

2. 
Class B High School 4. Ward (or grammar grades)• 


A premium of five points shall be added to the total score of each school for every event listed in the following schedule in which it enters and in which it participates. 
The championship in each class shall be awarded to the school which wins the highest number of points over the other schools com­peting in its class,.and at the same time satisfies the requirement of Section 2 of this article. In determining the county all-round cham­pionships, the points shall be awarded on the following basis, to-wit: 
ATHLETIC EVENTS 
Rural Pentathlon winner______________________________________________ 15 
Rural Pentathlon runner-up --------------------------------------------10 
Rural Pentathlon third place________________________________ 
5 Boys Track winning team ---------------------------------------------20 
Boys Track runner-up team____________________________________________ 
10 Boys Track third place---------------------------------------------------5 Junior Boys Track winning team -------------------------------------15 
Junior Boys Track runner-up team___________________________________ 10 
Junior Boys Track third place-----------------------------------------5 Junior Boys Playground Ball, winner_______________________________ 15 
Junior Boys Playground Ball,.runner-up --------------------------10 Junior Boys Playground Ball, third place____________________ 5 Junior Girls Playground Ball, winner______________________________ 15 
Junior Girls Playground Ball, runner-up--------------------------10 Junior Girls Playground Ball, third place_______________________ 5 Volley Ball for senior girls winning team__________________________ 15 Volley Ball for senior girls runner-up team____________________ 10 Volley Ball for senior girls third place______________________________ 5 Tennis Doubles winning team___________________________________________ 10 
Tennis Doubles runner-UP------------------------------------------------5 
Tennis Singles winning team__
__________________________________________ 10 
Tennis Singles runner-UP--------------------------------------------------­5 
•Points made by contestants in grades below the high school cannot be counted for the high school, although the grades may be housed in the high school building. 

Constitution and Rules, Interschol,astic League 25 
LITERARY EVENTS 
Debate winning team.._ ______________________________________________ 20 Debate runner-up team -------------------------·---------------15 Debate third place.........................··································-5 Extemporaneous Speech winner ----------------------------------------15 Extemporaneous Speech second place________________________________ 
10 Extemporaneous Speech third place_________________________________ 
5 
Essay Writing winner__________________________________________
__________ 
15 Essay Writing second place__________________________________________
__ 
10 Essay Writing third place --------------------------------------------5 
Declamation first place....______________________________________________ 
10 Declamation second place ----------------------------------------------5 
Declamation third place________________________________________________ 
2 Spelling winning team..-----------------------------------------------------15 
Spelling second place_________________________________________________________ 
10 Spelling third place -·---------------------------------------------------------5 
Music Memory winning team_____________________________________________ 15 Music Memory runner-up team..________________________________________ 10 
Music MemQry third place·---------------------------------------------5 Arithmetic winning team.._____________________________________________ 15 Arithmetic runner-up team -----------------------------------------------10 Arithmetic third place ------------------------------------------------------5 Three R winner------------------------------------------------------------------15 Three R second place....................--------------------~ ---------------10 Three R third place --------------------------------------------------------5 
Note that four all-round championships are provided for the County Meet, one Class A, one Class B, one Rural School, and one Ward (or grammar grades) The points made by any Rural School competing in Class B Division in Athletics (in which division in athletics all rural schools belong) are counted towards all-round championship for rural schools in the following manner:* The rural school team scoring the highest number of points in the track and field meet receives twenty points towards all-round Rural School Cham­pionship; the rural school scoring second highest number of points receives ten points.t 
First place points are awarded all winners by "default." 
Note, also, that in computing points towards all-round champion­ship, points as above scheduled are awarded in sack divieion. For il­lustration: The first place winner in Essay Writing is listed above as 
•A record should be kept of the order in which rural contestants finish In each event so that the rural school all-round championship may be computed in case no rural achoo! contestant places in the meet itself. 
tln case there are enough entriea in a iriven county to afford sufficient competition in eaeh eiass in junior athletics (Ward, Rural, and Hilrh Schools), the County Committee has the authority to instruct the Director of Athletics to conduct the junior athletic events by classee. 
University of Texas Bulletin 
rece1vmg fifteen points. This means that the winner of first place in each division in Essay Writing is awarded fifteen points, and so on with regard to each event listed, and each place, as per schedule. 
In no event shall second, third, or fourth place be cgunted if it is last place, as determined by actual participation in the event. In case there are three entries in debate (for illustration) and one team defeats each of the others, the losers must be matched to determine second place, and this principle holds in any tournament. If a school participates in the drawing it shall be considered "actual participa­tion" iri the event; but in order to receive prem~um mentioned above contestants must actually engaged' in the contest. 
SEC. 2. No school shall be eligible to the all-round championship that does not place in at least three different events of those above enumerated and in both athletic and literary events. 
ARTICLE XII 
Expenses and Rebates 
SECTION 1. In the county and district contests, the prizes offered and rebates of contestants and of judges shall be provided for as the respective directors may determine. Admission charges to local, county, and district contests may be made when deemed advisable. 
SEC. 2. At the final contests at the University the visiting con­testants shall bear their own expenses in the first instance. The State Executive Committee, however, shall devote the amount received in membership fees, after defraying necessary expenses not covered by University appropriations, to the payment of rebates of railroad fares to Austin and return at the reduced rates offered each year. Such rebates shall be based on railroad fares only, and shall not include sleeper, meals, or other expenses. The rebates shall be payable to the principal of each school ·which is represented by actual participa­tion in State contests and including one teacher from each participat­ing school as provided in Art. IX, Sec. 5 (3). Not more than five track contestants from any one school shall be entitled to rebate of rail­road fares. The State Executive Committee may in its discretion limit, by due notice, the number of delegates from distant points that shall be entitled to such rebates. 
In order to equalize the burden of traveling expenses for the more distant schools, and conditioned upon available funds as estimated below, the State Committee shall rebate railroad fare paid by a given contestant or delegate above a certain amount, this amount being conditioned upon the total amount available for rebate. For illlustra­tion: it may be found that there will be a sufficient amount in the rebate fund to rebate railroad fare to each contestant and delegate for all expenditul'es for fare above, say, $8. In such case a contestant whose fare and a half to Austin (supposing that the railroads grant this rate) is $10, would receive $2 rebate; one whose fare and a half 

Constitution a-nd Rules, Interscholastic League 27 
was $16 would receive $8, and so on. On this basis, the rebate fund in 1927-28 permitted rebate to each contestant of all money spent for railroad fare above $5. The amount available for rebate in 1928-29 will depend, of course, on the amount of fees collected and the number partidpating as qualified contestants and delegates in the State Meet. One hundred per cent rebate will be made to contestants from all counties having ten or more schools whose en­rollment in the League during the current year was 100%, provided, of course, auch counties are located in the rebate zone. 
The round-trip rate by rail will not, however, be taken as a basis for computing the amount of rebate due those contestants and delegates who come by automobile, but the one-way railway fare from the home of the contestant or delegate will be taken as a basis for computing the rebate to such contestants and delegates. No rebate is allowed on transportation from the home of the contestant or delegate to the railway station. 
ARTICLE XIII 
Disputes 
All disputes among the members of the League shall be settled by the appropriate executive committee. A county or district executive committee may, if desired, submit a case in dispute to the State Executive Committee for adjudication, except that the decision of district football committees in all disputes arising in connection with the determination of the district championship shall be final. Others who feel that they have a just cause for complaint against a county or district executive committee may appeal the case, excepting the se­lection and decisions of officers or judges of contests, to the State Executive Committee for final decision; in which instance a written statement of facts shall be presented both by the appellant and by the county or district executive committee together with all docu­mentary evidence considered; provided that all protests, except in regard to eligibility, must be made in writing within twenty-four hours after the contest; and protests involving eligibility of a con­testant must be presented immediately upon the discovery of the facts upon which the protest is based. 
Protests must be presented by either superintendent or principal. 
ARTICLE XIV 
Annual Meeting 
The annual meeting of the League shall be held on Saturday at 9 o'clock A.M. during the annual State Meet. At the annual meeting, matters pertaining to the League shall be discussed and 
University of Texas Bulletin 
recommendations made to the State Executive Committee regarding any changes in the rules for the next year's contest. Each member­school present shall be entitled to one vote at this meeting. 
ARTICLE XV 
Amendments 
All amendments to the constitution and rules of the League shall be made by the State Executive Committee, provided, that all ma­terial changes in the eligibility and other rules which do not involve a question of University policy shall first be submitted to the members of the League at the annual meeting for an advisory vote; or in a case considered an emergency, the State Executive Committee may submit a proposed change for a referendum vote to the member­achools. 
RULES IN PUBLIC SPEAKING 
RULES IN DEBATE 
Please bear in mind that the primary purpose of these contests is, as the constitution states, "to foster in the schools of Texas the study and practice of public speaking as an aid in the preparation for citi­zenship." 
The League exists not for a few schools that may have exceptionany fine speakers, but rather to stimulate an the schools to develop in their pupils a talent for clear-cut, sincere and effective speaking before an audience. 
With the large membership which the League has now attained, the county contests must be more and more emphasized, since it is obvious that very few of the speakers who participate in the county contests can possibly go to the district and State contests. The principal who waits to enter his school for a contest until he can turn out a winning debating team win probably never develop a winning' team. Moreover, this shows a wrong attitude towards the contests and encourages an unwholesome school spirit. Remember that the contests are only a means to an end, and hence the mere fact of winning should not be taken too seriously. 
Particularly in public speaking contests, wherein no absolute standards of judging are possible, teachers and students should guard against questioning the decisions of the judges. See that the rules of the contest are observed, and then leave the result absolutely to the judges. It is fine training for both teachers and pupils to learn how to lose as well as how to win. 
Unless by consent of both teams concerned, the question in an pre­liminary debates shall be the one assigned for the final contest and an debaters shall be prepared to speak on either side of this question. (For date limits of county and district contests, see Article VI, Sec­tion 2, Constitution and Rules.) 
1. Divisions.-There shall be two divisions in debate, as follows: 
(a) girls; (b) boys. 
2. Elimination for County Championship.-A debating tournament shall be arranged at the County Meet to determine county cham­pionship in each division. 
[Effective 1929-1930: County Directors of Debate shall arrange a schedule of debates in the county which will determine on the per­centage basis previous to the County Meet the two lltrongest teams in each division for participation in the county 6nals in debate which shall be held at the County Meet.] 
University of Texas Bulletin 
3. 
Eligibility.-Each school belonging to the League may be rep­resented by a team of two boys and also by a team of two girls. The debaters shall be subject to the eligibility rules contained in Article VIII of the Constitution of this League (except those rules which apply only to athletes). No student can represent his school in any one year in more than one public speaking contest, and the one-act play contest is considered a "public speaking contest." For­mer winners of first honors in the State are barred, which means that each member of a team winning the State -championship is barred from further competition in debate in the Interscholastic League. 

4. 
Choice of Sides.-In all contests sides shall be determined either by mutual consent or by lot. Whenever a series of preliminary con­tests are held, the winning teams in a given contest shall immediately choose sides for the next contest. 

5. 
Coaching for Debate.-Aside from the bulletins and loan ma­terial furnished by the University, and other reading matter, the assistance furnished contestants in preparing debates shall not ex­ceed the following: (a) aid in outlining the arguments; (b) citing sources of information; (c) correcting errors in English; and (d) suggestions as to delivery. Whenever a debater quotes at any length the words of another, the fact must be plainly stated. Proof that either member of a debating team has received assistance other than as above specified, or that quoted matter is used at any considerable length without giving due credit therefor, shall disqualify such team for that year. 


[Note.-At the 1924 State meeting of delegates a resolution was passed condemning the use of "helps" in debating issued by any agency not specifically recommended by the League.] 
6. 
Coaching During a Debate.-In all contests the debaters shall be separated from the audience and shall receive no coaching while the debate is in progress. By "coaching" is meant viva voce or other prompting either by the speakers' colleague or by any other person while the debater has the floor. A debater may, however, refer to his notes. 

7. 
No Cheering.-In order to guard against "rooting," no cheer­ing shall be permitted during the debate, and the presiding officer shall see that this rule is strictly enforced. 


8. The time and order of speeches shall be as follows: 
MAIN 
Affirmative, 10 minutes. 
Negative, 10 minutes. 
Affirmative, 10 minutes. 
Negative, 10 minutes. 


Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 31 
REBUTTAL 
Affirmative, 4 minutes. Negative, 5 minutes. Affirmative, 4 minutes. Negative, 5 minutes. Affirmative rejoinder, 3 minutes. 
Either side may reverse the order of its speakers in rebuttal from that of the main speech; and either one of the affirmative speakers may take the closing rejoinder. 
9. Judges.-The judges for the debating contests shall be at least three or other odd number, selected on the basis of capability and impartiality. The judges for the county and district contests shall be chosen by the appropriate executive committee, subject to the approval of a majority of the schools concerned. For the final contest at the University the judges shall be chosen by the State Executive Committee. The judges shall sit apart during a contest in order to hear the speakers from different parts of the auditorium. The speaker shall be called by number, as in the county and district meets. 
[Note.-The Director of Debate shall not fail to submit in advance to interested schools the names of proposed judges and to secure the approval of at least a majority of such schools. Especial care, too, should be used in selecting judges. This matter should be attended to in advance, and not left for a hit-or-miss choice at the time of the contest. 
10. 
Schools Represented Not to Be Knvwn by the Judges.-So far as possible, the judges shall not know the school a debating team represents, the contestants being designated as being on the "affirma­tive" or "negative" side, and this provision shall be enforced at the State tournament. 

11. 
Instruction to Judges.-A copy of the following instructions shall be given to each judge: "The judges, who shall sit apart dur­ing the debate, shall judge the contest as a debate, voting without consultation 'Affirmative' or 'Negative' on the merits of the debate, irrespective of their individual opinions as to the merits of the ques­tion. In deciding which team has done the more effective debating, the judges shall take into consideration argument and delivery in both main and rebuttal speeches. In cases of doubt (that is, where the two teams are about equally balanced) argument shall be stressed reJatively more than delivery and rebuttal work more than the main speeches. Furthermore, the judges should consider carefully the following points: 


"(a) The debaters should show evidence of having done their own work. 
University of Texas Bulletin 
"(b) It is unfair to keep opponents in the dark as to the construc­tive case,. in order to spring surprises near the end of the debate. 
"(c) Canned refutation, in which a memorized series of possible arguments is culled over for declaiming in the rebuttal, should be penalized. 
"(d) Mere declamation is poor debating, as it ignores the very nature and fad of discussion itself. 
"At the close of the debate each judge shall indicate his choice by ballot and deliver it to the presiding officer, who shall inspect the ballots in the presence of the representative of each school and announce the decision." The director of the contest is charged with the responsibility of enforcing these "instructions" and only the most flagrant delinquency in this matter will be considered grounds for protest. 
12. Final Contest.-The winning boys' and girls' teams, respec­tively, in each district contest shall be eligible to the State contest. 
DECLAMATION 
1. 
Eligibility.-There shall be eight contests in declamation: a Senior and Junior, high school and rural school contest, for both boys and girls. (For eligibility rules generally, see Article VIII.) No student can represent his school in any one year in more than one of the public speaking contests, and former winners of first honors in a State contest in a given division are barred. 

2. 
Representation.-Each school that is a member of the League may enter a contestant in his or her appropriate division, and in coun­ties having no more than five member-schools, in either the high school or rural school division, each school may double its representa­tiq,n in that division or divisions, as the case may be. A school may enter a contestant only in the division in which such school belongs.* 

3. 
Declamations for Senior Boys and for Senior Girls.-The declamations required in these divisions shall consist of prose selec­tions lying in the general field of Americanism or good citizen­ship. This requirement may be fulfilled by a selection dealing with 


(-1) the fundamental qualities or virtues necessary for good citizen­ship, (2) a story or exposition of noted events or characters that have contributed to the making of America, (3) patriotic selections, 
(4) discussion of a present-day public question or issue. In general, the subjects to be used are intended to lead th~ students to study the problems of our American system of government and to incite in speakers and hearers aspirations toward a better citizenship. A declamation must not require more than five minutes in delivery. 
•Note that Ward Schools or Grammar Grades count as "hish schools" in de­termining whether or not a county may permit double representation in the high­school division. 
Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 33 
Poetic quotations may be included in a prose selection provided the selection as a whole contains more prose than poetry. Humor may be included, but purely "funny" pieces will not be allowed. The purpose of these contests is to train pupils as public speakers and not as dramatic readers or mere entertainers. Therefore, a selection should be chosen which the speaker adopts as his own for the purpose of informing, convincing, or persuading the audience he is addressing on a present-day subject relating to the opportunities and duties of American citizenship. In case selections of the prescribed character are not chosen, the judges shall disregard such selections in the grad­ing and the decisions of the judges shall be final. (Please note that hereafter the judges in the various contests are to pass upon the matter of the declamations, and selections are no longer to be sub­mitted to the State Office for approval.) 
4. 
Declamations for Junior Girls and for Junwr Boys.-In the Junior girls' and the Junior boys' divisions selections from stand­ard poetry shall be delivered of not more than five minutes in length. A general guide as to the nature of the selections desired is any of the poems contained in the school basic and supple­mentary readers. The selections chosen must not be in the nature of dramatic readings, must be in good English, and must not be in dialect or require impersonation. The purpose of this contest i~ to add to the mental enrichment of the pupils by the memorizing of standard poetry and to enable them to give a sincere, intelligent, and effective oral interpretation of the same to an audience. In case selections of this character are not delivered, the judges shall dis­regard such speaker in the grading and the decision of the judges shall be final. 

5. 
Length of Declamatwns.-No declamation in the county, dis­trict or State contest shall exceed five minutes in lengtn. 

6. 
Programs of County and District Contests.-The order of speaking in the county and district contests shall be determined by lot. In the county contests each school and in the district contests each county (also cities as per Article VI, Section 5) shall regularly be represented by one speaker in each contest; that is, a boy and a girl for each of the four divisions.* The winner in each division­senior girl, senior boy, junior girl, junior boy, in both the high school and in the rural school divisions-go on to the district and State con­tests, with the exception of the junior declamation divisions which have been discontinued as State events. 

7. 
Programs of Final Contests.-Elimination contests among the district winners in each eligible division shall be held at the Uni­versity on the first Friday after the first Thursday in May. The number in each division shall be reduced to five as a result of two preliminary contests, the survivors to compete in the final contest at 


•Except aa provided Art. IX, Sec. 2 (d), and In rule 2 above. 
University of Texas Bulletin 
times and places to be announced prior to the State Meet. The order of speaking in the prelilt'inary and final co'ltests at the University shall be identical with the numbered order of the districts beginning ·with District No. 1 in 1927-28 and moving up one number each successive year. 
8. 
No Cheering.-In order to guard against "rooting," no cheer­ing shall be permitted during a contest, and the chairman shall see that this rule is strictly enforced. 

9. 
No Coaching.-No speaker shall be coached or prompted in any manner during the delivery of the declamation. 

10. 
Timekeepers.-At each contest there shall be a timekeeper, who shall notify the speaker and the presiding officer, by ringing a bell, or other signal, when the speaker has consumed the time limit of five minutes, in which case the speaker shall be required to conclude in one-half minute. It shall be the duty of the presiding officer to en­force this rule, but exceeding the time-limit shall in no way affect the grading of the judgeS'. A contestant who continues speaking, however, after the final warning signal of the time-keeper, shall be disqualified by the presiding officer. 

11. 
Judges.-The judges in declamation shall be selected as prescribed in the Rules for Debate. (See Rule 9, p. 31.) 


12. Instruction to Judges in the Dimsions for Senior Boys and Senior Girls.-The judges in these divisions shall receive following instructions : 
"This is a contest in delivery only, the speeches not being original productions. Each declamation in this contest must be on a subject lying in the general field of Americanization or good citizenship. This requirement may be fulfilled by a selection dealing with (1) the fundamental qualities or virtues necessary for good citizenship, (2) a story or exposition of noted events or characters that have con­tributed to the making of America, (3) patriotic selections, and 
(4) a discussion of a present-day public question or issue. The basis of judging each contestant shall be general effectiveness as a speaker. In case of doubt, the qualities of naturalness, earnestness, and force shall count relatively more than polish and gracefulness. Whenever selections are given that do not conform to the requirements of subject matter as previously stated, such speaker shall be disregarded in the ranking." 
13. Instructions to Judges in the Dimsions for Junior Girls and Junior Boys.-The judges in this division shall receive the following instructions: 
"This is a contest in delivery only, the speeches not being original productions. The purpose is to test the speaker's power in the way of a sincere, intelligent, discriminating, and effective oral interpreta­tion of some standard poetical selection. Such selection must con­sist of standard poetry. It must not be in a dialect or require im­personation, nor a selection in the nature of a dramatic reading. No 
Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 35 
speaker shall employ any extrinsic assistance in the interpretation of the poem, such, for example, as the carrying of a flag or other emblem. The judges should note also that one selection may be more interesting and appealing in itself than another, but the test is, which speaker best interprets his particular selection. Among the elements of delivery, a good interpretation and proper discrimination, a clear and sympathetic expression of the thought and emotion contained in the poem, naturalness, directness, earnestness and force shall be stressed relatively more than gesticulation or grace. Although appro­priate gestures may properly be employed, any attempt to picture all the thoughts and emotions in a poem by gesture should lower the rank of such speaker. In other words, a sincere, straight-forward, intelligent, and sympathetic rendition is to be given higher rank than 
an over-dramatic or shoVlry manner of delivery." 
At the close of the contest each judge shall rank the speakers by the numbers 1, 2, 3, etc. A speaker ranked first by a majority of the judges shall be awarded first place. In case no speaker is ranked first by a majority of the judges, the contestant the sum of whose rank is least shall be awarded first place. The speakers receiving second and third places, respectively, shall be determined in the same manner; that is, a speaker awarded second place (or higher rank) by a majority of the judges shall be ranked second, and so on. The ranks of the contestants shall be computed either by the judges themselves or by a committee appointed for that purpose. 
14. Tie in Ranking.-ln case of a tie in ranking, honors shall be divided accordingly, but the judges in the county and district contests shall determine by majority vote which speaker shall go on to the district or State Meet. So far as possible, judges shall not know what school a contestant represents, and the grades of an individual judge shall not be divulged. The presiding officer, or some one se­lected by him, shall announce the names of the speakers awarded first, second, and third places, respectively, and also the school each represents. The director of the contest is charged with the responsi­bility of carrying out these "instructions" and only the most flagrant violation of them will be considered grounds for protest. 
[Note.-Grading blanks will be furnished by the State office, upon application.] 
CONTEST IN EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEECH 
Eligibility.-The general eligibility rules in Article VIII of the 
Constitution and Rules govern the eligibility of contestants in this 
contest. 
Divisi<ms.-There is but one division in this contest which is open 
to both girls and boys on equal terms. 
Representation.-Any school which is a member of the League may 
send one contestant in extemporaneous speech to represent it in the 
University of Texas Bulletin 
county meet. The county winner represents that county at the district meet, and the winner of the district meet represents that district at the State Meet with rebate privileges.* 
Conducting the Contest.-This contest is under the direct supervi­sion of the Director of Debate in county meets, and under direction of the Director of ExtemJporaneous Speech in district meets. The Director shall secure from the State Office five topics, each of which shall deal with important current news, and shall present these topics to the contestants half an hour before the contest is to begin. Each contestant shall make his selection, prepare himself for a period of half an hour under supervision, but without aid from the supervisor, and deliver his speech without the use of any notes except such headings as may have been jotted down on a small card by the contestant during the preparation period. Any attempt to read sentences which have been written down beforehand shall disqualify a contestant. A list of suggestive topics is given at the close of this section. The order of speakers shall be determined by lot. 
It will be found convenient to provide two rooms for the contestants in Extemporaneous Speech. In room No. 1 all of the contestants are assembled. The first speaker is admitted to Room No. 2, and is fur­nished with the list of topics. He prepares his speech in this room under supervision, and at the end of half an hour is sent on to the auditorium to deliver his speech, the Director having, in the mean­time, admitted other speakers at about five-minute intervals to the Preparation Room, and so on until the contest is completed. 
Judging.-One expert judge* is sufficient to judge this contest. In case one expert cannot be secured, there shall be three or greater odd number of judges. The judge or judges shall receive the following instructions: 
"You are instructed that this is a contest in extemporaneous speak­ing, and you should bear this fact in mind when you arrive at your decision. Each contestant has been furnished with a list of topics half an hour before the contest began, and from this list he has chosen the topic upon which he will speak. During this half hour he has received no assistance from any one in the planning and organiz­ing of his speech. Each speaker is to be judged on his merits. Notes, if rightly used, are not barred. 
"You shall base your judgment upon effective extemporaneous speaking, and you are left free to determine for yourself what con­stitutes effective extemporaneous speaking, considering thought, or­ganization, and delivery." 
•
Ree, however, Art. IX. Sec. 2 (f\. 

•
(An "expert" is one who teaches public speaking in a higher institution of learning, or wh<> has had thorough training in public l!'peaking in a college or university.) 



Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 37 
The judges are cautioned to notice the subject the contestant has chosen and consider carefully whether or not the contestant sticks to his theme. 
Preliminaries.-In case there are more than nine entries in either county or district meet in this event, there shall be held a preliminary which shall reduce the number for the final contest to six. In case this is necessary, a new set of topics shall be prepared for the final 
Awards.-It is hoped that cups for winning schools will be pro­vided in county and district meets. In the State Meet, the winning school will be awarded a silver loving cup, and gold, silver, and bronze medals will be given first, second, and third place winners re­spectively. 
Announcement of Subject.-Each contestant in extemporaneous speech shall begin his speech with the announcement of the subject he has chosen. 
Topics.-The topics for both high-school divisions in Essay Writing and for Extemporaneous Speech contests will be taken from Review of Reviews, rate for six months $1.05, address The Review of Reviews Corporation, 55 Fifth Avenue, New York City. Free booklet "Gov­ern!ments of the World" with each subscription, also free lesson-plan service. 
Order of Speakers at State Meet.-Order of speakers shall be de­termined as in declamation, for which see latter portion of Rule 7, pp. 33-34... 
RULES IN ESSAY WRITING* 
1. 
Eligibility.-The contest shall be open to any student, either boy or girl, in a school that is a member of the University Inter­scholastic League, provided a contestant can qualify under the eligi­bility rules as contained in the Constitution and Rules of the League, each school-member of the League being entitled to enter one con­testant in the county meet in the appropriate division. 

2. 
Divisions.-For the purpose of this contest schools belonging to the League shall be grouped into four divisions, as follows: Class A high schools, Class B high schools, ward (or grammar grades) and rural schools. Separate awards shall be made to the three essays ranking highest in the State contests i:n each of these divisions. 

3. 
Nature of Composition.-The composition must be not over 1,000 words in length, written under the following conditions and circumstances : 


a. 
At the county contest, contestants in all divisions shall be as­sembled and distributed sparsely over the room. 

b. 
Uniform stationery shall be provided by the respective con­testants, 8¥.ixll inches (letter size), and the compositions must be written on one side in ink. 

c. 
Each contestant shall be assigned a number beginning with "l,'' the final number being that of the total number of contestants en­gaging in the contest. Each contestant shall enter the number assigned him in the upper right hand corner of first sheet of his manuscript and enclose it in parentheses. Following the number he shall write the name of the county in which he is contesting, and the division to which the school belongs, i.e., whether Class A, Class B, Ward, or Rural. He shall then write on a slip of paper his number, county, school, his own name and his postoffice address, and enclose this slip in an envelope, which shall be sealed and attached to his manuscript when it is turned in to the Director of Essay Writing. 

d. 
A list of topics on current events or news features covered in the prescribed publication for the respective division (see Paragraph 9 below) shall be supplied the county directors of essay writing from the State Office of the League. The topics for each division shall be enclosed in a sealed envelope, sent by the State Office to the County Suprintendent of Schools in the respective counties, and from him obtained by the Director of Essay Writing, said envelope not to be opened until the contestants are assembled and ready to begin. 

e. 
The Director shall then take the lists (two in number, one for high-school divisions, one for Ward or Grammar Grades, and for Rural Schools) and copy them on the blackboard so that they may 


•Note that contests in Essay Writing are not held at the District Meets, but winning 


essays are entered. 
Constitution and Rules, Jnterschol1tStic League 39 
be read by all the contestants. The contestant has the option of choosing one of the five topics in his respective division as the subject for his essay in this competition. 
f. Each contestant shall write the subject he has chosen in full about two inches beneath the top of the first sheet and begin the body of his composition about an inch beneath the title. An inch margin should be left on the left of the page. The pages should be numbered in the upper left hand corner, without parentheses, to dis­tinguish the page number from the number assigned the contestant. 
4. 
The Director of Essay Writing shall designate three persons to conduct this contest, to correct any irregularities, prevent any communication between contestants, or any reference on the part of contestants to notes or books or printed matter of any character. One of these persons conducting the contest shall be designated by the Director as timekeeper, and when two hours shall have elapsed from the time when the Director writes the subjects on the board, all of the manuscripts shall be gathered up and delivered to the Director of Essay Writing, fifteen minutes warning of the time limit to be given to the contestants by the timekeeper. 

5. 
Judging the Essays.-The Director of Essay Writing shall select a committee of three properly qualified and impartial judges, exclusive of teachers whose schools are represented in the contest, to grade the essays as to relative excllence in organization, interest, and composi­tion. The elements of organization and interest shall be stressed, in judging, relatively more than composition. The judge shall denote the best essay in each division, respectively, among those submitted. The County Director of Essay Writing shall open the envelopes accom­panying the best essays in each division, as denoted by the judges, shall enclose the numbered slip, giving real name, county, school, and postoffice of contestant in another sealed envelope, writing thereon author's number and county, being careful to verify the topic chosen so as to be sure that the contestant did not go out­side of his options in m·aking his choice of a topic. The county win­ners shall be publicly announce.I during the county meet. 


The first place essay in each division with accompanying envelopes, shall be forwarded not later than ten days after the county meet to to the Director of Essay Writing of the district in which the county is situated, accompanied by a certified statement by the County Director of Essay Writing to the effect that the county essay contest was conducted in accordance with the rules. 
[Note.-It is suggested that members of the faculty of neif,':hboring colleges may often be secured to read and grade these essays.] 
6. District Contest.-The essays selected as a result of the county contest within a given district shall be judged by a committee of three, to be selected by the District Director of Essay Writing, 
University of Texas Bulletin 
exclusive of teachers whose schools are represented in the contest. The district director shall follow Rule 5, foregoing, in handling the essays and obtaining decisions in the district. The winning essays in each division of the district contest shall be forwarded not later than April 20 to the University Interscholastic League, Austin, Texas. 
7. 
Final Contest.-The essays submitted as provided in the pre­ceding section shall be judged by a committee of three to be selected by the President of the University, and the authors of essays that are first, second, and third highest in rank in each division shall be respectively awarded gold, silver, and bronze medals. To each school whose pupil wins first place shall be awarded (for one year) the University Interscholastic League cup for essay writing; and the Review of Reviews offers a complete set of 0. Henry's works to the school library of each winning school in the high school divisions. 

8. 
Publications.-The names of the winners shall be announced at the annual State Meeting of the Interscholastic League, and the State Executive Committee reserves the option of publishing any of the essays. 

9. 
Subjects.-The topics for the Rural and Waxd School divisions in Essay Writing will be based upon news published in The Pathfinder, Washington, D.C., rate of 30 cents for six months subscriptions to individual addresses. If five or more copies are sent to one address, in one package, for redistribution, the rate is 1 cent per copy. For high-school divisions see "Topics" in Extemporaneous Speech rules page 37. 


Caution.-Please note that only the highest ranking essay in the respective contests in each division is to be forwarded; that is, each county sends not more than four essays to the district, the district sends not more than four to the State office. 
RULES IN SPELLING AND PLAIN WRITING 
CONTEST* 

1. 
Eligibility.-Each school in the League may enter a team of two in each of the three divisions: sub-junior, junior, and senior, in the county contests in spelling, provided such contestants are eligible under the rules set forth in Article VIII of this constitution. The contestants in spelling may be either boys or J?irls. 

2. 
Cla.ssification.-In the county contests there shall be a Junior, a Senior, and a Sub-Junior division, for rural schools, and the same divisions for "high schools" which include ward or grammar grades. 

3. 
Sources.-The words for the spelling contests shall be taken from a list furnished by the League, classified, respectively, as the "Junior List," "Senior List," and "Sub-Junior List." Each school in the League shall be entitled to one free copy of the lists. 

4. 
County Contest.-The county contest shall be conducted in the following manner: 


(a) 
The contestant shall come to his appropriate division pro­vided with ordinary theme-tablet paper, and with either lead pencil or pen and ink. 

(b) 
The Director of Spelling, or person appointed by him, shall number slips of paper to correspond to the numbers at the heads of the columns of the Junior list, if it is a Junior contest, and the numbers at the heads of the columns of the Senior list if it is the Senior contest, and the number at the head of the columns of the Sub-Junior list, if it is a Sub-Junior contest, fold the slips and place them in a hat or other convenient receptacle. Another person shall then draw a slip from the hat. The person conducting the contest shall then begin pronouncing words to the contestants, beginning at the top of the column indicated on the slip. In the case of the Junior and Senior contests, he shall proceed for twenty minutes, pro­nouncing the words in their consecutive order at the rate of six words per minute, i.e., a word every ten seconds. If it happens that he is brought before the end of the twenty minutes to the last word of the list, he shall turn back to the first word of the list and continue to pronounce the words in their regular order until the twenty minutes is up. (A ttention.-Teachers should remember that this test has a time-element in it, and should drill their pupils with this in view. Naturally, a slow writer should be eliminated in the local contest, no matter how good a speller he may be. No time should be wasted in giving definitions or discussion with the contes­tants concerning the meaning of words. Contestants are supposed 


•Note that there is no contest in spelling held at the District Meet. 
University of Texas Bulletin 
to be so familiar with their list that a mere phrase should be suffi­cient to indicate the meaning of a word when the meaning determines the spelling. The pronouncer should say the word "plural" after every plural noun which he pronounces, and "past" after each verb in the past tense. Pupils whose writing is not legible should be eliminated in the local contest.) 
(c) 
At the end of twenty minutes, five minutes rest is given, during which time contestants may correct their papers. If it is a Senior contest, the pronouncer shall draw from slips numbered to correspond to the columns of the Junior list, and then pronounce to the Seniors from the Junior list beginning at the top of the column drawn for ten minutes at the same rate. If it is a Junior contest, the Sub-Junior list shall be used in the same way to fill out the half hour. 

(d) 
The pronouncer shall pronounce words from the Sub-Junior list, starting as previously prescribed in the case of Junior and Senior contests, to Sub-Juniors for twenty minutes, at the rate of six words per minute. 


Caution: The pronouncer should be careful to distinguish between words wb,ich sound alike but have different meanings. Thus, if be pronounces the word "bass," be should be careful to say "bass drum," or "bass voice," to distinguish it from "base" meaning "low or 
mean." 
(e) 
Three monitors of the contest may, at the option of the Direc­tor, be appointed to see that the contest is conducted fairly. Contest­ants should be separated from each other as far as space in the room permits, and any attempt on the part of a contestant to copy from another should be noted by the monitors or pronouncer, who shall report to the Director, who may disqualify the contestant. 

(f) 
The contestant shall write his or her name in the upper right hand corner of the first page of the manuscript, his school, county, and his postoffice address. 

(g) 
The papers shall be gathered up immediately after the close of the contest by the pronouncer and be delivered to the Director of Spelling, or person acting for him. He shall appoint competent judges to grade the spelling papers, none of whom shall be connected with any of the schools entered in the contest. 


5. 
Team Grade.-The team grade is determined by deducting from 100 one point for each error made by each member of the team. 

6. 
One Hundred Per Cent Papers.-The Director of Spelling should forward all 100 per cent .Papers-that is, papers graded perfect by local committee, to the State Office of the League. Here they will be regraded, and certificates awarded for perfect papers. Caution: Send none except 100 per cent papers. Papers submitted t& the State Office become a part of the permanent files of the office and may not be taken from the office, although open to inspection at any time. 


Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 43 
7. Points Toward Championship.-The school whose spelling team makes the highest grade shall be awarded fifteen points; and the ilchool whose spelling team wins second place shall be awarded ten points toward county championship; and team ranking third is awarded five points. In case of ties, points are evenly divided among or between tying teams. The same distribution of points applies in each division. (See schedule of points, Article IX, Section 1.) 
INSTRUCTION TO JUDGES 
1. 
The correct spelling of a word consists in writing legibly the letters which compose it in their proper order. 

2. 
The first authority is the spelling list, which follows in nearly every case the first spelling given in the last edition of Webster's International Dictionary. 

3. 
In case any word is misspelled in any edition of the spelling list, that word is not to be considered in grading the spelling papers. 

4. 
The following faults* in handwTiting shall be considered errors: 


a. 
An undotted "i" or "j" or an uncrossed "t." 

b. 
A 	looped "i" or an unlooped "e" or "I." 

c. 
An "n" or "m" not curved at the top. 

d. 	
A small letter beginning a word which rises as high as the two-or three-spaced letters in the word or which rises as much as one space above the other one-space letters in the word shall be considered a capital. 

e. 	
Furthermore, any malformed letter which is illegible, if considered out of its context, is also considered a miss. A freakish affectation in writing, such as putting a circle instead of a dot over an "i," is considered a miss. 


[Note.-To determine whether or not a given letter is illegible, place a blank piece of paper on either side of it, thus separating it from its context, and then see whether or not the character may be identified.] 
5. 
The misuse of an apostrophe or hyphen is considered a miss, and a mistake in capitalization is also considered a miss. 

6. 
Words are pronounced in regular order in the spelling list, and any word omitted is a miss. In cases where all papers omit the same word, it is considered evidence that the pronouncer failed to give this word, so it is not considered a miss. 


•This list of faults bas been compiled from a study of thousands of papers submitted In the State contests in spellins, and insistence by teachers on students correc:tins these faults will do much, it is hoped, to improve the lesihility of their pupils' writlns. 
University of Texas Bulletin 
7. See that each paper in the Junior and Senior contests has at least 180 words. If there are more than 180 words, do not consider the words from 181 on. See that each Sub-Junior paper contains at least 120 words. If there are more than 120 words in a Sub-Junior paper, words from 121 on are not to be considered. 
PRIZES IN SPELLING 
Dictionary awards have been discontinued by the company for­merly offering them. 
All papers awarded 100 per cent in the State Contest entitle the contestants respectively producing them to the League's Cer­tificate of Excellence in Spelling. 
THE MUSIC MEMORY CONTEST* 
FOREWORD 
The purpose of the Music Memory Contest is to cultivate among 8Chool -children an appreciation of good music, to turn children away from a fondness for the coarser and more meaningless forms of musical composition to a genuine love for the classical productions of tM great masters. This contest is no longer an experiment; its wonderful educational value has been proved in hundreds of school systems scattered over the entire country in the last few years. 
In order to participate successfully in this contest, a school or 8Chooi system need not have a regular music supervisor. Any intel­ligent, energetic teacher may, with the helps which will be made available, successfully train students for this contest, pruvided the work is seasonably undertaken. 
To get the full educational value of the contest, all the students in tM eligible grades should be given the training to begin with. In the first elimination, the number may be reduced by half; in the next elimination, the best 50 per cent of the remainder should be selected to continue the training, and so on until the school has selected, shortly prior to the county oontest, its Music Memory team for participation in that contest. 
RULES IN MUSIC MEMORY CONTEST 
1. Eligibilitg.-In addition to the general eligibility rules set forth in Article VIII of this Constitution and Rules, the following apply to this particular event: 
(a) 
In Independent Districts only those students in the fifth to seventh grades, inclusive, are eligible. 

(b) 
In Rural Schools, students from any grade are eligible pro­vided they can satisfy the other eligibility requirements. 


2. 
Divisiom.-There are two divisions in this contest, one for schools located in independent districts, and one for rural schools. "High schools" located in common school districts housing grades five to seven, inclusive, compete with schools in independent districts. 

3. 
Representation.-A team shall be composed of a minimum of two members from a given school. If, however, a school has en~ rolled in the grades eligible for Music Memory (i.e., fifth to seventh, inclusivP-) more than 100 pupils at the time the Music Memory team 


*Note that no contest is provided in the District Meets, although in a few cases, 
district committees make special provisions for the same. Write directly to the Director General of your district to ascertain whether or not a district contest in 
Music Memory will be held. Complete list of District Directors and Districts wi!I be published in December Leaguer, and in issues following. 

Unive·rsity of Texas Bulletin 
is selected, one member must be added to the minimum of two per team for every fifty, or fraction thereof, enrolled in excess of 100. The following example is given as an illustration of the operation of this rule: 
The school in question has an enrollment at the time the Music Memory team is selected for the county contest of 525 in the grades eligible to compete. Building upon the minimum team of two, there are to be added one member for each fifty, or fraction thereof, en­rolled above 100-that is, there are to be added nine members, making the team representing this school consist of eleven members. This may appear to favor larger schools by allowing them larger repre­sentation, but, contrariwise, it prevents the smaller schools from being handicapped, as anyone may see by considering the fact that it is the team-grade that wins. 
In counties where this plan will bring a larger number of con­testants to the county meet than can be conveniently handled, the County Director of Music Memory may, by due notice, reduce pro­portionately the number composing the Music Memory team. 
4. 
Selections.-This year's selections for the Rural Division are published pp. 48-49; and the selections for the Independent Dfstrict Division are published on p. 50. 

5. 
Con.ducting the Contest.-The Director of Music in the county shall arrange for a suitable auditorium, and shall write in advance to the State Office of the League for the necessary number of score­cards, which will be furnished free of charge one week prior to the date set for the county meet. The contestants shall be assembled at the appointed hour in the auditorium and seated sparsely over the room, and in no case mixed with the spectators. Each contestant shall come provided with two sharpened lead pencils or fountain pen. 


6. General Plan for Rural Division.­
a. 
Twenty selections shall be played for the contest. 

b. 
Seventeen of these shall be selected, as in the past, by the chairman in charge of the contest from the list of required selections. These shall be played either by com;petent performers or by talking machines or other mechanical means of music reproduction. It is not necessary that each selection be played in full, but enough of it must be played to distinguish it clearly from any portion of any other selection in the list. Each selection must be played for at least one minute. 


After each selection is played, the contestant will indicate, in the manner prescribed on the score card, (1) the name of the selection; and (2) the name of the composer. 
c. Three of the selections will be unfamiliar. These will be pro­vided by the Interscholastic League and are to be opened in the })resence of the contestants and judges. 

Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 47 
d. 
One of these selections will serve as a basis for theme recog­nition. The theme will be played several times ; then the whole selection will be played. Children will indicate the number of times the stated theme occurs. 

e. 
One of the unfamiliar selections will serve as a basis for recog­nition of type. For 1928-1929 the march, waltz, and minuet will be studied. 

f. 
The other unfamiliar selection will illustrate instrumental tone. Children will identify instrument playing a solo melody. 

g. 
In grading the papers neither spelling nor writing will be taken into consideration. Children will indicate eaoeh answer as directed on the score card. 


7. 	General, Plan for Independent Di.strict Divi.sion.­
a. 	
Twenty selections shall be played for the contest. 

b. 
As in the rural division, except that the seventeen selections shall be made from the list on p. 50. (See above.) 

c. 
As in the rural division. (See above.) 

d. 	
As in the rural division. (See above.) 

e. 
As in the rural division (see above), except that the gavotte will be required in addition to the types required of the rural schools. 

f. 	
As in the rural division. (See above.) 

g. 	
As in the rural division. (See above.) 


8. 	Grailing the Papers.-In grading the papers, the persons grad­
ing 	shall observe the following schedule of points: Recognition of selection ..... ·-----------------··----------------·----------------------3 Recognition of composer --------------------------·-----------------------------2 Correct number of theme repetitions·------.----·--------------------·-------5 Recognition of form____·-------------------------------·-··----------··------------------3 Recognition of measure·--·-----------------------------------------------------------2 Recognition of instrument -----------------------------------------·-----------------5 
9. 
The Winning Team.-The team grade shall be determined by adding together the scores made by all members and dividing this sum by the number of individuals composing the team. 

10. 
Perfect Papers.-The Director of Music Memory shall forward within one week after the county meet, all papers graded perfect to the State Office of the League, University Station, Austin, for re­grading and award in case the score of 100 is verified. The Director of Music shall enclose a list of the selections showing the order in which they were played at the contest. A sterling silver pin will be awarded each contestant who, in the county contest, produces a card graded 100 per cent in the State Office. Score cards submitted to the State Office become a part of the permanent files of the office and may not be taken from the office, although open to inspection at any time. 

11. 
No teacher who has a contestant in a given division in music m:emory may serve as a judge, or grader, of the papers in that division at the County Meet. 




University of Texas Bulletin 
OUTLINE OF REQUIREMENTS-RURAL DIVISION 
Part I-Theme Recognition. 
Theme in an unfamiliar composition will be stated; selection will then be played. Children will indicate number of times the stated theme occurs. Theme recognition may be studied in any composition. The following are required: 
Amaryllis________________________________________ ______________________Qld French Air Spanish Dance____________
_______________________ _________________
___Moszkowski Minuet-Don Juan______________________________________________________ 
M,Ozart 

Part 	II-Recognition of Dance Type. 
An unfamiliar composition will be played and children will be ex­pected to identify type and indicate measure. For 1928-1929 selec­tions will be limited to the march, minuet, and waltz. These types may be studied from many selections; the following are required : 
1. March 
Stars and Stripes________________________________________________________ Sousa Wedding March-Lohengrin______________________________Wagner 
2. 
Minuet 

Minuet -------------------------------------------------------------Paderewski Minuet -----------------------------------------------------------------------Mozart 

3. 	
Waltz Blue Danube Waltz________________
________
_______________ Strauss 


Tales from The Vienna Woods_
______
__________
______Strauss 
Part 111-Recoirnition of Instrumental Tone. 
Use any available material. Children will be expected to study the entire orchestra, its selections, and the individual instruments. See Bulletin 2837 for suggestive material. 

Part IV-Memory. 
The following selections are required. Portions of these compo­sitions will be played and children will be expected to identify selection and composer. 
Morning-Peer Gynt Suite_________
__________________________________________Grieg Ase's Death-Peer Gynt Suite_____
__________________________
________Grieg Anitra's Dance-Peer Gynt Suite____________________________________
_Grieg 
In the Hall of the Mountain King-Peer Gynt Suite_ _Grieg Miserere--/l 'Trovatore____________ __
____________
______
_
_____________________Verdi Sextette--Lucia di Lwmmermoor_________________________________Donizetti Anvil Chorus-Il Trovatore_______________________ ________________________Verdi Narcissus -----------------------------------------· _______________
______________ ________Nevin Pilgrim's Chorus-Tannhauser_____________________ _
____________ 
Wagner 
At Dawning-----------------------------------------------------------------------Cadman Waltzing Doll _______ -------------------------------------------------------------Poldini 


Constitution and Rules, interscholastic League 49 
Song of India_____________________________________________________Rimsky-Korsakov Open Thy Heart___________________________________________________________________ Bizet* Cradle Song____________ _
______________________________________________ __
________ _ 
Brahms 
Gavotte-Mignon ___________________________________ ____________________________Thomas 
The Cuckoo___________
_______________________________________ __
______________________ Daquin Minuet ________________________________________________________________________________ Belzoni Stars and Stripes ____________________________________________
__________________ Sousa Wedding March-Lohengrin_
_________________________________ _________ wagner Minuet ______________________
_______________________ ____________________________ Paderewski Blue Danube Waltz_______________________________________
__
_______________ Strauss Tales from The Vienna Woods___________________________
____________ Strauss Amaryllis ___________________________________ _ 
_ 
__
_______
____________ Old French Air Spanish Dance____________________ ________________________ _
__________ _
__ Moszkowski Minuet-Don Juan__________________________ __ ___________________________________ Mozart 
OUTLINE OF REQUIREMENTS-INDEPENDENT DISTRICT 
DIVISION 

Part 	I-Theme Recognition. 
Theme in an unfamiliar composition will be stated; selection will then be played. Children will indicate number of times the stated theme occurs. Theme recognition may be studied in any composition. The following are suggested for study: 
Amaryllis________________ _
___________ __
____________________________ _ 
Old French Air Spanish Dance__________________________________________________________ Moszkowski Minuet-Don Juan_
___________________________________________________________
__ Mozart 
Humoresque ------------·········-····-········-······-··---·····-·····-------Dvorak 

Part 	II-Recognition of Dance Type. 
An unfamiliar composition will be played and children will be ex­pected to identify type and indicate the measure. The march, minuet, waltz, and gavotte are to be studied in 1928-1929. The following selections are suggested for study. 
1. 	March Stars and Stripes ________ ________________________________________________ Sousa 
Toreador March--Carmen---------·-----------·--------··-----------·Bizet 
March Militaire_______________________________________________________ Schubert Wedding March-Lohengrin____________________________ ____ 
wagner 
2. 	Waltz Blue Danube Waltz____ __
___________________________________________ Strauss 
Liebesfreud ________________________________________________ ______________ Kreisler Estudiantina _________________________________________ _____________ Waidteufel 
Waltz of the Flowers--Nutcracker Suite Tschaikowski 
3. 	Minuet Minuets of Paderewski, Mozart, Boccherini, Bolzoni. 
*Listed in Victor Catalogue as "Spanish Serenade" No. 20521. 
University of Texas Bulletin 
4. Gavotte 
Gavotte--Mignon .................................................._Thomas 
Amaryllis..........-----·······················-·············Old French Air 
Gavotte in F Major..............................................Beethoven 
Gavotte ........................................................................Handel 

Part Ill-Recognition of lnatru.mental Tone. Children should study the entire orchestra, its sections and the 
individual instruments. See University of Texas Bulletin No. 2837 
for suggestive material. Children will identify instrument in an un­
familiar composition. 
Part IV-Memory. The following selections are the only ones required to be studied. 
Portions of these compositions will be played and children will be ex­
pected to identify selection and the composer. Serenade ............................................................................8-chubert Hark, Hark, the Lark..............---··············-··-·················Schubert Little Silver Ring...........--------················-·---··········-··Chaminade Sunrise CalL._..................................._...Traditional Zuni Song Venetian Love Song·-··············-·················-···············--·····Nevin Who Is Sylvia?····················-···-·-········-················-·······Schubert Serenade ··················-··············-····-···················-··---------Toselli Sextette-Lucia di Lamunermoor________________.............-Donizetti Miserere--Jl Trovatore·-··-··----····-·······-··············-····--Verdi Overture--M:.dsumm,er Night's Dream....·--··········Mendelssohn Scherzo--Midsummer Night's Dream.....................Mendelssohn Dance of the Hour!r--La Gioconda_ .....................__Ponchielli Moment MusicaL_______________ 
..............·-······················-···Schubert Kamennoi Ostrow...............................·-·······················Rubinstein 
Dream of Love..........·-··························-······················-·····---Liszt Finlandia ···························--·-················-··················-·······Sibelius Cradle Song.......---··········--··············································--Brahms Ballet Music-Rosamunde·-------···-····-······-··········------Schubert Spring Song······-··--···-·-················--------·-··-···-----···-----·-·Mendelssohn Going Home..--------·-··--------····'···-·--·······-···-----------·-----------...Dvorak Humoresque ------------------------------------------··--············-----·-·····Dvorak Caprice Viennois......---------------·········----------·····-----------Kreisler Open Thy Heart.----·--··-------------·-------·······--·-··----------·-·······--·Bizet Spanish Dance·-------------------·--····------·-------------·······-···Moszkowski March Militaire...---··--------------······--------------------·-·-----·-·····Schubert 
INTERPRETATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 
1. We shall have for distribution score-cards, and county and district directors should write us at least one week in advance of the county meet, giving the date set for the county meet, estimating as 
Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 51 
accurately as possible the number of score-sheets that will be required. The new score-sheets are rather complicated, and it will be abso­lutely necessary for pupils to be familiarized with them before the county meet. For use in classroom and in local and sub-county meets, we are able to furnish the new score-cards at 50 cents per hundred. Orders less than 100 will be supplied at one cent apiece. 
2. 
The Director of Music Memory should see to it that an audi­torium is provided for the Music Memory Contest and that phono­graph with proper records are available. The Music Memory Director should leave the matter of making the selections from the independent District Division list to a committee of the local music club, or lodge this responsibility with some disinterested party or make the selec­tions by chance. 

3. 
The Music Memory contests call for circulation of a set of unfamiliar records to each county meet. Since there are 200 county meets, the purchase and circulation of these records is a large responsibility and considerable expense. The League is undertaking this, but is compelled to require that each county committee become reaponsible for the safe return of the records furnished it. Hence, a deposit of $2.00 will be required of each county before the set of rcorda will be furnished. Upon the return of the records to the State Office, the deposit will be returned. In case of damage or loH -of the records, the League will retain a portion or all, as the case :may be, of this deposit to replace the records. 


COUNTY CONTEST IN ARITHMETIC* 

1. Eligibility.-In addition to satisfying the eligibility rules set forth for literary contestants in Article VIII of the Constitution and. Rules, only students in the fifth, sixth or seventh grades are eligible to enter this contest. There is only one division, students from Ward, Rural and Grammar Grades all competing on equal terms. 
Representation in Arithmetic is the same as representation in Music· Memory, see p. 45, Rule 3. 
2. 
Conducting the Contest.-The Director in charge shall num­ber each folded test-sheet and keep memoranda of the name, address, and school of the contestant to correspond to the number assigned to each contestant. The conteL tant shall be instructed not to unfold his test-sheet until the signal is given for the contest to begin. Con­testants shall be instructed not to use pencil and paper in making calculations and to write the answer down immediately following the problem. 

3. 
Contest Problems.-The contest problems shall be furnished; from the State Office to the County Superintendent of Schools in a sealed envelope which shall not be opened until the contestants are assembled and ready to begin. The problems shall be of the same general nature as those contained in the League Bulletin entitled "Developing Number Sense." 

4. 
Determining the Winner.--At the close of the ten-minute period, all of the papers shall be collected and immediately placed in the hands of the graders, who shall carefully grade the papers, awarding each contestant five points for each problem solved. The sum of the points thus awarded shall be considered the gross grade of the contestant. From the gross grade five points shall be deducted for each problem not solved or skipped. Second place goes to the contestant making the next highest net grade, third place to the next highest, and so on. An illegible figure shall be -considered an error, and the same test for determining legibility shall be applied as is prescribed in the Spelling Rules. (See "Note" to Instruction No. 4--e, p. 43.) 


The team grade is determined by dividing the total number of points (net grades) made by the individuals composing the team by the number of individuals composing the team. The team scoring highest wins the team-event, the second highest second place, and so on. 
5. Awards.-Great interest will be added to this event if the Director will secure a suitable cup for the winning team, and appro­priate medals for the individuals composing the first and second place teams, respectively. The Interscholastic League will award a certifi-. cate to the winning team. 
•Note that there is no contest in arithmetic held at the District Meets. 


Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 53 
6. Assistance.-A bulletin entitled "Developing Number Sense" will be issued, and one copy of this bulletin will be mailed free (upon request) to each member-school. The bulletin will contain a thousand or more number-sense problems, which may be used in class-roo:m drills. 
[Note.-The edition of "Number Sense," Bulletin No. 2628, re­printed March 15, 1928, contains on page 14, "Directions for Con­ducting the Contest." These directions should be ignored, as they apply to last year's contests. If another edition of this bulletin is printed during the present school year these "Directions" will be omitted.] 
THREE-R CONTEST FOR ONE-AND TWO-TEACHER 

RURAL SCHOOLS 
1. 
Eligibility.-In addition to the general eligibility rules set forth in Article VIII, only students from one-and two-teacher rural schools which are members of the League are eligible to participate in this event. 

2. 
Representation.-One entry will be allowed from each qualified school. 

3. 
Nature of Contest.-Tests similar to the standard achievement test in Reading, Writing, and Arithmetic for the seventh grade will be used as a basis for this contest. 

4. 
Scoring.-The scoring in this event shall be done in the same way as that prescribed for scoring in the Rural Pentathlon, Rule 5, 


p. 82. 
5. 
Tests.-Sample tests with directions as to how to give and score them will be furnished at 1 cent per copy. The County Super­intendent of Schools will be furnished printed tests for use in the county meet. 

6. 
Awards.-The winner of first, second and third places, respec­tively, in the county meet will be awarded fifteen, ten and five pomts, respectively, towards all-round county championship, and first and second place winners are entitled to entry in the same event in the District Meet. Gold, silver, and bronze medals will be awarded first, second and third place winners, respectively, in the State Meet and a silver loving cup will be awarded the winning school. 

7. 
Three-R Fol,der.-A copy of the Three-R Folder will be sent any 1-or 2-teacher rural school free upon request to the State Office. 


ONE-ACT PLAY CONTEST 
That it is desirable for a community to be able to entertain and instruct itself is granted by everyone. The average American com­munity, especially if we except the larger centers of population, is more or less deficient in this very important matter. The circus, the carnival, the motion-picture, the Chautauqua and other commer­cialized forms of entertainment are all imported, and the form they take is necessarily dictated by commercial considerations. Some are good, some bad, some indifferent. They offer no development and little inspiration for the native talent that resides in every com­munity. 
For many years, the Interscholastic League has organized inter­school competitions among Texas public schools, and through the natural human interest which people have in competitions of all kinds, much wholesome and instructive entertainment has been pro­vided. Public speaking and athletic contests have been successful in enlisting the interest of the school patrons and citizens of the com­munity generally; and these activities have tended to constitute the school a genuine community center. 
RULES FOR THE CONTEST 
Eligibility of Schools.-Any high school that is a member of the League is eligible to enter this contest. 
Eligibility of Contestcmts.-AII members of competing casts must satisfy the general eligibility requirements contained in Article VIII of the Constitution and Rules for other non-athletic contestants, and must not be entered in any other public speaking event of the League during the current year. 
Eligible Plays.-The judges shall be instructed to eliminate from consideration in judging a contest: 
1. 
Plays requiring more than forty minutes in presentation. 

2. 
Plays that use other than simple settings, or depend at any point for their appeal upon scenic effects. 

3. 
Plays that require more than ten individuals in the cast. 

4. 
Purely farcical plays, or plays predominately frivolous in tone. 


[Note.-The judges shall be instructed to grade "the choice of play" in such a way as to give a distinct advantage to casts which exercise good judgment in selecting a play of intrinsic merit. With this safe­guard, no prescribed list of plays will be issued.] 
Time-Keeper.-There shall be an official time-keeper for each con­test, and in case any play requires more than forty minutes in pre­sentation, the time-keeper shall so notify the judge of the contest. 
University of Texas Bulletin 
Faculty Coach.-Only casts with a regular faculty member as coach are eligible to participate. Eliminations.-There shall be two series of eliminations prior to the State contest (exclusive of city eliminations mentioned below): 
1. 
District eliminations in which schools entered shall be grouped into convenient distriocts and Tournament Center and Manager desig­nated for the competition. 

2. 
The winners of this first series shall then be grouped for four re:gional contests, and Regional Centers and Managers designated. The four winners in this series shall be eligible to compete in the State Tournament held at the University of Texas during the State Meet. 


City Eliminations.-In city systems of schools with three or more schools entered and participating, a city championship shall be de­cided first, and the winner scheduled to participate in the appropriate district tournament. 
Entry and Selection of Play.-Schools desiring to enter this contest must notify the State Office and request an Entry Form. When this is furnished the school shall fill in the information requested thereon and return to the State Office. 
Only one school shall be allowed to select any given play. As soon as a given play is selected and the Stkte Office notified of the selec­tion, the play is assigned and further entries of this play shall be denied. 
No entries will be accepted after January 8, 1929. 
State Ckam:pionship.-Winners, respectively, of the four regional tournaments above provided are eligible in the final State Champion­ship tournament held in Austin during the State Meet, and may participate in the apportionment of the rebate fund on the same basis as other quaified delegates and contestants at the State Meet. 
Awards.-The State winning cast and the runner-up shall be awarded appropriate trophies, respectively. The three male actors and the three female actors adjudged the best participating in the final contest shall, each be awarded a gold medal. 
EXPLANATIONS AND CAUTIONS 
1. 
It will be noted that one judge is prescribed. The reason for this is two-fold: First, one-act play judges are scarce, and will fre­quently have to be brought a great distance. The expense will be less having one judge, and one good judge is better than three ordinary judges. 

2. 
Each cast is expected to bring to a tourna1llent all of the small properties needed, and must furnish the tournament manager a list of all the heavy properties needed at least ten days in advance of the tournament. 




Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 57 
3. 
The League office will furnish any schoc,l upon request a list of excellent plays. 

4. 
Blanks for reporting name of play and name of members of the cast will be sent to each school which enters. This blank should be on file in the State Office at least two weeks before the date set for district tournaments. 


INSTRUCTION TO JUDGES 
The judge is instructed that this contest is to decide which cast of the group he is judging produces the most effective performance. Do the characters live their parts? or do they wait and watch for cues? Is there abandon between the characters? Do they "put it over" cre­ating the illusion in the audience that it is witnessing an actual scene, not mere play-acting? Hamlet's advice to the players is an excellent guide in judging acting. Approximately, and, of course, percentages in such matters must always be approximate, the judges should give: 
Choice of play_____________
_______________________
_____________
____________
________ 25% 
Pantomime --------------------------------------------------------------------------------40% 
Diction ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------35o/o 
This is equivalent to saying that the choice of the play should be given 25%, and the presentation of the play (omitting any considera­tion of stage setting, or so-called stage-craft) 75%. 
In considering the "choice of the play," the judge is instructed to note carefully the paragraph entitled "Eligible Plays" above, and be governed thereby. 
TYPEWRITING CONTESTS 
The Commercial Teachers Section of the State Teachers Asso­ciation at its meeting in November, 1925, passed a resolution request­ing the University Interscholastic League to undertake district and State typewriting tournaments for high schools in Texas. 
In cooperation with the Commercial Supervisor of the State Depart­ment of Education and the School of Business Administration of the University of Texas, the League conducted a series of district or regional tournaments and a State Tournament during the 1926-1927 and 1927-1928 sc:Mol years. 
GENERAL RULES 
The contest in typewriting will be conducted under the following rules and regulations: 
1. 
Contest Rules.-The rules governing this competition insofar as the actual contest is concerned, are formulated by the Commercial Supervisor of the State Department of Education and the University School of Business Administration. 

2. 
Time of Entry.-The closing date for entries for the current session is April 1, 1929. 

3. 
Eligibility of Schools.-Only League member high schools which have affiliation in typewriting are eligible to enter contestants in type:writing. 

4. 
Eligibility of Contestants.-Only those students who meet the requirements laid down in Article VIII for non-athletic contestants and who have had no regular instruction in typewriting prior to September 1, last, are eligible to enter the typewriting contest. 


[Note.-The Transfer Rule (Sec. 13, Art. VIII) does not debar a contestant in typing, provided the contestant is representing the high school nearest his home having affiliation in typing.] 
5. 
Eligibility Certificate.-The principal or superintendent of each school entering contestants in the Typewriting Contest will be re­quired to file with the manager of the tournament eligibility certifi­cates for the contestants on blanks furnished by the State Office of the League. 

6. 
Team Event.-Each school entering the contest is required to enter a team of at least two members. Each school which has more than thirty enrolled in first-year typewriting is required to add to its team of two, one additional contestant for every twenty (or frac­tion thereof) enrolled in excess of thirty. (For instance, suppose a school has seventy-five enrolled in first-year typewriting : it must add to its team of two, three additional members.) The team which makes the highest score wins the contest. The team grade in a 


Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 59 
given contest is obtained by adding up the scores of the individuals composing it and dividing this sum by the num'ber composing the team. 
7. 
Individual Contest.-The three contestants scoring highest in the district or regional tournaments shall be awarded, first, second, and third places, according to the scores made, and shall be qualified for entry in the State Tournament. In case two contestants are tied for first place, the two together with the contestant making the next highest score are qualified for the State Tournament. In case two are tied for second place, only the first place winner and the two tied for second place will be qualified for entry in the State Tourna­ment, and in case two are tied for third place, qualification for the State Tournament as between these two contestants shall be deter­mined by lot. In case three or more contestants are tied for first, second, or third place, a second contest shall be arranged among the tying contestants to break the tie. 

8. 
Regional Tournaments.-A list of regional tournaments is given below. Regional Tournaments will be held between April 5 and April 20, exact date to be set by the respective district managers. 

9. 
State Tournaments.-The State Tournament will be held at the University of Texas, Friday, May 3, 1929, and will be in charge of the Supervisor of Commercial Work of the State Department of Education and the University School of Business Administration. It will be an individual contest, not a team event. 

10. 
Awards.-The school whose contestant wins first place in the State contest will be awarded a trophy, and the winners of first, second, and third places in the State Tournament will be awarded gold, silver, and bronze medals, respectively. 

11. 
Rebates and Expenses.-Qualified contestants participating in the State Tournament will be granted rebates under the terms and conditions set forth in Article VII of the Interscholastic League Constitution. 


PRESCRIBED FORM AND GRADING RULES 
Size of Page: A page 81hx14 inches shall be used. 
Spacing: All work shall have double spacing. 
Length of Line: Each line shall contain not less than 61 strokes nor more than 76. Paragraphing : Paragraphs shall be indented five spaces. Length of Page: Each page, except the last, shall contain at least 
thirty-five lines of writing. 
Marking of Errors: Each error shall be indicated by drawing a circle around the error. 
Spacing after Punctuation: Two spaces follow a period, a colon, a question mark, or an exclamation point. All other points have one 
University of Texas Bulletin 
space, except a dash, which has no space either before or after it. 
(A dash is made by two strokes of the hyphen.) 
Computation by Strokes: From the gross number of strokes of the printed test material deduct fifty strokes for each error made. The net number of words will be found by dividing the net number of strokes by 5 (the average number of strokes for each word). Divide the result by 15 (the number of minutes) to get the net rate per minute. This will be equivalent to dividing the net number of strokes by 75 for a 15-minute test. 
Contestants Numbered: Each contestant shall be given a number and that number placed on his contest-sheet, so that the identity of the individual is withheld from the judges until the awards are made. 
PENALTIES 
General Rule: Every word omitted, inserted, misspelled, or in any way changed from the printed copy shall be penalized. But one error shall be charged for any one word except in case of re-written or transposed matter, when one additional error shall be charged for the insertion or transposition. 
Faulty Shifting: If only part of a capital letter is seen, an error shall be charged. 
Strikeover: A strikeover is an error and shall be penalized. 
Margin: Any irregularity in the left-hand margin is an error and shall be penalized. 
Length of Line: Any line except the last in a paragraph or on a page that is less than 61 strokes or more than 76 strokes shall be penalized as an error. 
Punctuation: Any error in punctuation shall be penalized unless the preceding word has already been penalized. Division of Words at the End of a Line: Any word wrongly di­vided at the end of a line shall be penalized. Cut Letters: Any letters so near the edge of the paper that the whole letter does not appear on the paper shall be penalized. 
SCHEDULE OF TYPEWRITING TOURNAMENTS 
No. !.-Professor R. H. Jennings, West Texas State Teachers Col­lege, Canyon; 18 Underwoods, 12 Royals. No. 2.-Professor A. L. King, Lubbock Business College, Lubbock; 25 Underwoods. No. 3-Miss Marguerite Nichols, High School, Childress; 12 Under­woods. No. 4.-Miss Renna Mae Brady, High School, Greenville; 2 Rem­ingtons, 14 Underwoods. 

Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 6 l 
No. 5.-J. W. Foote, John Tarleton C'ollege, Stephenville; 21 Rem­ingtons, 24 Underwoods. 
No. 6.-Professor Paul W. Milam, North Texas State Teachers College, Denton; 20 Remingtons, 12 Royals, 20 Underwoods. 
No. 7.-Mrs. Mary Tinus, High School, Waco; 35 Underwoods. 
No. 8.-Professor J. F. Gale, Harrisburg; 24 Underwoods. 
No. 9.-C. E. Chamberlain, Professor Business Administration, San Marcos; 3 Remingtons, 22 Underwoods. 
No. 10.-Professor J. R. Manning, South Texas State Teachers Col­lege, Kingsville; 9 Remingtons, 3 L. C. Smiths, 2 Royals, 8 Under­woods. 
Data on typewriters is same as furnished last year. There may be other machines now available. For this information address your Tournament Manager direct. 
[Note.-In case there are changes in the personnel of Typewriting Tournament Managers, announcements of such changes will be made in the Interscho"lastic Leaguer.] 
THE TEXAS WILD-FLOWER CONTEST 

Fifty-dollar Prize for the State Winner in 1929.-To stimulate fur­ther interest during the coming year a prize of $50 in cash will again be given the school winning the contest at the Interscholastic League State Meet in May, 1929. This prize was won at the last meet by the school at Talco, Titus County. 
Caution: It is imperative that all contest directors read care­fully and if necessary re-read the following directions until they are sure they understand exactly how to proceed. The fact that many contestants during the contest this year have sent in perfect specimens shows beyond question that the directions can be understood and fol­lowed; but the fact that some have not complied with them shows carelessness either in reading or in carrying out instructions, or that the reader missed the points in question. We shall be glad to answer any questions that may occur to a contest director, if, after careful study, he or she is unable to understand the directions. 
1. The Numb'm of Specimens Submitted shall be fifty during the calendar year from April 1 through March 31, as follows: April and May, the ten commonest; June and July, the ten commonest; August and September, the ten. commonest; October and November, the ten commonest; January to March, the first ten to appear. Those schools which have entered heretofore must carefully avoid sending any dupli­cates of previous collections. 
Any kind of wild plant life (except grasses and trees) that pro­duces seed is eligible for entry. 
2. Identificatian.-The specimens are to be collected in triplicate, two of which will be sent to B. C. Tharp, Botany Department, Uni­versity of Texas, Austin, and the third retained by the school. Each such set shall be numbered in consecutive order, the first three speci­mens (all alike) being numbered 1, the second three specimens 2, etc. No specimens sent in are returnable. They will be identified and the findings reported to the school by number on labels provided by head­quarters for that purpose, as follows: 
WILD-FLOWER CONTEST 
INTERSCHOLASTIC LEAGUE 
SchooL  P.O. __________ _  
Plant Number______________  County  
Common  Name_______  ____  __----·-­ _  _________________________ 
 

Scientific Name______________________________ ----------------------------------­Collector ____________ -------------------------------------------------_ ------------·---­Date-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------­
Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 63 
All items except the names are to be filled in by the contestant; in case a common name is known this may also be filled in. The scien­tific name will be supplied at the University. 
The data will all be filled in by the school except the names of the plants, which will be supplied at headquarters. As soon as returns are made on any set of ten specimens, the names may be added to the labels of the specimens retained by the school which will then be complete. These specimens must be carefully preserved for county and State meets. Specimens in a separate folder may be filed away in boxes of suitable size, care being used to provide moth balls for repelling insects, which will else surely destroy the speci­mens. To the first ten the other sets will be added as collected, thus constituting a growing mass of identified material for use in identifying future collections of duplicate material without the aid of outside assistance, and as a check against sending the same plant twice. Great care should be exercised in handling dried specimens not to bend them, as they usually break easily; but in case speci­mens become so badly broken as to impair their value, they may be replaced during any season with fresh ones. 
3. Collecting.-Whenever practicable whole plants should be col­lected, that is, roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits. Specimens longer than fifteen inches should have stems doubled back and forth so as to bring the doubled specimen down to the required length. For example, a slender plant usually four feet tall may be doubled twice, thus bringing it down to the required size. Bushy plants should have enough branches removed to make good flat specimens. Very small plants are usually collected in considerable numbers; instead of one specimen it is customary to send fifteen or twenty. 
Whenever the size of the plant is so great as to make the col­lection of whole specimens impracticable (as for example in the sunflower, giant ragweed, cocklebur, etc.) representative parts such as typical leaves, flowers, and fruits should be collected and a note made of whether the plant is annual or perennial. 
4. Pressing.-A convenient arrangement for pressing plants con­sists in using old newspapers folded as to be half a page in size. Folders for holding the specimens are made by tearing the fully spread papers down the center so that sheets one page in size result. These folded once as they come from the printing press, top over bottom, are as good folders for drying as can be procured. Specimens are placed one or more, owing to size, in each folder (in the case of very small plants many may be placed in each folder) and the folders are then stacked one on top of another in a corner on the floor or on a table with one or two sections of a Sunday paper or a whole edition of a week-day issue between to form an absorbing surface. A board or slat frame 12x18 inches topped by a 50-pound rock or other weight constitutes the pressing force. In detail the process 
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follows: (1) put down a sectfon or issue of newspaper on the floor or table; (2) lay on a folder _-ontaining its specinwns; (3) lay on another section (20 to 30 thickness) of newspaper; (4) lay on another folder with its specimens, etc.; ending with a section of newspaper; (5) put on the board and weight (50 to 100 pounds). 
At the end of twenty-four hours, and every day thereafter for four or five days, change the newspaper sections in the stack, which will have become damp from moisture drawn from the plants, for dry sections. Do not, however, change the specimens themselves from one folder to another. Leave them each in the original folder until completely dried. The damp sections may be laid out on the floor over night and dried so as to be usable again, or they may be discarded. After four or five days ordinary plants will be found to be nearly dry and subsequent changes may be at intervals of two days till drying is complete. The plants may then be put in a box with moth balls as suggested above and kept indefinitely if carefully handled to avoid breakage. It is extremely important that the changing of damp sections for dry ones is faithfully carried out as a great deal depends upon this. The brightness of the specimen and its freedom from mould is dependent upon quick drying. 
5. 
Labeling.-All specimens are to be labeled upon a common form (seep. _) which will be furnished entrants from League head­quarters. These forms should be applied for by contestants imme­diately upon deciding to enter, so that a set sent in will be accom­panied by the forms properly filled out with all the data except, of course, the name of the plant. That will be inserted at head­quarters. No specimens should be sent in without this form. 

6. 
Sending in Specimens.-Specimens are to be sent in as soon as possible after completion of each set. Early spring collections are to be sent in at least ten days before the county meets. All specimens are to be sent in the original folders, the set of ten being placed between stiff cardboards cut to the size of the folders. This package must be wrapped in heavy paper and securely tied so as to insure its reaching Austin in good condition. 


The plan and rules outlined above may appear to some to be a slow nwthod of attaining our object of acquainting those interested with the identity of the wild flowers. To these we would point out that the process must be more or less gradual; from the standpoint of the pupils in avoiding the confusion attendant upon trying to assimilate too much in too short a time, and from the standpoint of those responsible for identifications in safeguarding ourselves against a deluge of specimens too great for a limited force to handle. A total of fifty specimens a year with no numbers duplicating any pre­viously sent, will in ten years have every school combing the woods for eligible specimens. It will provide 500 specimens authentically identified and available at all times for the use of pupils in correctly 


Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 65 
placing any subsequent collection of any specimens it contains. In this length of time it will provide the children of those schools which enter with a more exact and wider knowledge of their wild flowers than is enjoyed by people of any American state today. 
Under the above rules we believe we are in a position to handle promptly all specimens sent in and League members all over the State are cordially invited to participate. 
RULES FOR COUNTY MEET 
1. 
Eligibility.-Any school that is a member of the League may -enter this contest. By beginning at once any school may easily have the fifty necessary specimens ready for entry in its county meet next 11pring. Small rural schools have an equal chance if not, indeed, an advantage, as compared with town schools of greater enrollment. 

2. 
Director.-The County Director for the Wild-Flower Contest shall be appointed by the County Superintendent of Public Instruc­tion, and it shall be the director's duty to provide a suitable room for the display at the county meet, advertise the display and select the judges. 

3. 
Winning Exhibit.-The exhibit which is adjudged the best in the county meet shall be securely packed and mailed by the winning school to Dr. B. C. Tharp, Department of Botany, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, who is director of the State meet exhibit. The mailing should be made as soon after the county meet as is convenient. 

4. 
Judging.-Experts are not essential (although they would be desirable) in judging this contest. The judges shall be governed in their decision by the following points: 


(1) 
Brightness and general appearance of the specimens. 

(2) 
Neatness and smoothness of the specimens. Flowers, leaves, etc., laid out smooth and without wrinkles will be rated on the degree of perfection attained. (3) Neatness of the labels. (4) Exhibits not containing the required number of specimens (fifty) may be exhib­ited, but shall not be considered as eligible in the judging. 


lmportant.-Remember that absolutely no knowledge of botany is necessary for entry into this contest. The ability to read, under­11tand, and follow directions and a willingness to learn is all that is necessary; and any school having available a leader among its teachers who can so qualify has as good a chance to win the contest .as any other school, even though other schools should have available trained botanists for this service. 
Further Information will be gladly made available provided re­quests for it are specific; that is, for the clarification of definite points in the preceding paragraphs which, after careful reading, are 
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still not clear. There is no other printed matter on the subject, our object being to simplify procedure to the greatest possible extent. 
Address all communications concerning the Wild-Flower Contest to B. C. Tharp, Department of Botany, University of Texas, Austin, Texas. 
ART CONTEST 

1. 
Eligibility.-Any member school is eligible to enter one con­·testant each event of this contest. Entries must satisfy all eligibility rules provided for non-athletic contestants in Article VIII of the Constitution and Rules. 

2. 
Divisions and Preliminaries.-There is only one division in this contest. No preliminaries except local are held. The contestant!! come direct to the State Meet, after winning in their respective local contests. Rebate privileges are not allowed Art contestants. 


3. Events.-There shall be three events in this contest: 
a. 
Still Life in Color. 

b. 
Still Life in Charcoal. 

c. 
Modeling. 


A pupil entering one of these events is ineligible for either of the <>thers. 
4. 
Awards.-Suitable awards will be made to the winners in each -event. The famous sculptor, Gutzon Borglum, offers an antique frag­ment as a prize to the winner of the modeling contest. 

5. 
Entries.-Names of individual entries must be furnished Pro­fessor Samuel E. Gideon, University Station, Austin, Texas, by April 10, 1929, in order to qualify contestants for any of the events of this contest. 


6. Inf-0rmation.-Further details of this contest may be obtained from Professor Samuel E-. Gideon, University Station, Austin, Texas. 
JOURNALISM CONTEST 

Introduction.-The League fostered in 1924 a contest in high-school journalism which aroused great enthusiasm among high-school editorial staffs and among English teachers in the high schools. Un­fortunately, the following year the Department of Journalism at the University which was cooperating in this enterprise, was discontinued, and the next year the contest was abandoned. Since that time, how­ever, journalism in the University has come back, and Mr. DeWitt Reddick, Instructor, and Professor Paul Thompson, Associate Pro­fessor of Journalism, as well as the journalism fraternity, Sigma Delta Chi, are all anxious to help in the restored contests, as well as conduct a high-school press conference during the State Meet. The contests are restored on a slightly different basis, it will be noted, in the following rules. 
Eligibility of Schools.-Any school that is a member of the League and publishes a school paper (separate and distinct from a regular commercial newspaper) may enter this competition. 
Eligibility of Contestants.-Contestants. in journalism must satisfy all of the eligibility rules for non-athletic contestants laid down in Article VIII of the League Constitution and Rules. 
Submission of Papers.-This is a contest in newspapers, and no paper issued less than twice per month is eligible. A copy of each issue of the paper from the beginning issue in the fall to the last issue before March 15 of the current year must be submitted to the League Bureau, University Station, Austin, Texas. Final date of entry in. this contect is Janua,ry 8 of the current school ye<11r. Late entries must send file of back numbers, so that the judges may have before them a complete file of the paper from the first issue of the school year. 
Sections.-The State for the purposes of this contest shall be di­vided into four sections by the intersection of the 98th meridian with the 34th parallel of latitude, and the sections so made shall be de­signated NW, NE, SW, and SE sections, respectively. Schools hap­pening to be located on the line may be thrown into either section at the option of the judges of the contest. 
Divisions.-The papers in each section shall be divided into three divisions, as follows: Class A: Papers from high schools with an enrollment of 500 or more last year. Class B: Papers from high schools with an enrollment of less. than 500 but with 200 or more enrollment last year. Class C: Papers from high schools with less than 200 enrollment. last year. 

Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 69 
Grading of the Papers.-At int.ervals throughout the fall mimeo­graphed sheets will be sent to the high-school editors. .These sheets will contain rules for headline writing, for the writing of news stories and editorials, principles of newspaper make-up, and sug­gestions for the gathering of news. 
These rules and suggestions will comply with the principles which ti.re recognized as being the highest standards of journalism. The high-school papers will be graded accordingly as they live up to these rules and principles. · Five things will be stressed in the grading of the papers: 
1. 
News coverage. Does the paper carry news of all the varied activities of the school? 

2. 
The quality of the writing in news stories and editorials. It is one of the primary duties of the high-school papers to encourage good writing on the part of students. 

3. 
Headlines. Do the headlines follow the rules for headline writing as nearly as can be done with the printing equipment available to the paper? 

4. 
Make-up. Is the front page neat and attractive? Are the inside pages well made up? 

5. 
The service rendered to the high school by the high-school paper. 


Moreover, papers will be judged as nearly as possible by the work 
done on them by the students and not on the work of the print.er or 
engraver. Mimeographed papers will be given due consideration and 
will be judged according to their content and style rather than 
according to their typography. 
Secti.onal Winners.-The first and second place ranking papers in• 
each division in each of the four sections will be eligible to select 
two members of their respective staffs, eligible under Int.erscholastic 
League Constitution and Rules, Article VIII, for com'petition iri. the 
State Meet, and these contestants so selected shall be entitled to 
rebate privileges on the same basis as provided for other contestants, 
see Article XII. The names of the two winning papers in each 
division and in each section shall be published in the League Year­
book, with the names of the individuals composing the respective 
staffs. 
The papers ranking highest in each division and in each section of 
the State shall be announced not later than April 10, and not later 
than April 20, eaich winning paper expecting to send contestants to the 
State Meet shall send in to the Secretary of the League, University 
Station, Austin, Texas, the full names of the individuals selected to 
compete. Unless this is done, free lodgings will not be available, nor 
will rebate be allowed. 
State Contest in Journalism.-The cont.est in journalism shall con­sist of five events: 1. News Reporting; 2. Editorial Writing; 3. Head­line Writing; 4. Copy Reading; 5. Proof Reading. The nature of the 
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contest in each of these events will be discussed in detail in the 
High-School Press colwnn of the Leaguer from issue to issue. 
Each contestant must engage in each of the five events. First place 
in each event shall be given five points; second place, four points; 
third place, three points; fourth place, two points, and fifth place, one 
point. The 'Contestant making the highest number of points shall be 
given first place; contestant making the next highest number of points 
shall be given second place; and the contestant making the next high­
est number of points shall be given third place. 
Awards.-A silver shield will be given the school whose contestant 
wins first place; and a smaller shield shall be awarded the school 
whose contestant is awarded second place. A gold medal shall be 
given the first-place winner; silver medal to the second-place winer; 
and bronze medal to the third-place winner. 
PRESS CONFERENCE 
Though staff members from papers other than the district winners will not participate in the State journalism contests to be held in Austin at the spring meeting, the staff of every other paper enrolled in the Conference may send two delegates to the journalism meet without the privilege of the railroad rebate but with the privilege of free lodging and with the privilege of attending all of the discussions and lectures planned for high-school journalists. 
Coordinated with these contests at the State Meet will be a series of discussions of problems of high-school journalism and talks on the principles of news writing, make-up, headline writing, copy­reading, and proof-reading. 
To be eligible to attend the conference, all delegates must submit their names to the High-School Press editor of the Interscholastic Leaguer before April 21. 
The Texas High-School Press Omference was organized in the spring of 1928 at a meeting of high-school editors at the University of Texas. The conference is sponsored by the University Department of Journalism and Sigma Delta Chi, honorary journalism fraternity for men. 
Any Texas high-school publishing a paper, provided it is a member of the Interscholastic League, may enroll in the conference without charge by sending the issues of its paper to the Interscholastic Leaguer, Austin, and by sending a notification to the High-School Press editor of the Interscholastic Leaguer. 
The director of the conference for 1928-1929 is Miss Vera Elizabeth Eikel, editor of Tke Oasis, paper of New Braunfels High School. The vice-director is Hal Sayles, business mianager of The Battery of Abilene High School. These officers were elected at the spring meeting of the conference. 

ATHLETIC CONTESTS 
FOOTBALL PLAN,...-1928 
Tke Football Code.-The football code means to play the game in the spirit of fairness and clean sportsmanship; to observe all rules and not attempt to hold, "beat the ball," or coach from the side lines because it can be done without the knowledge of the referee, or to resort to trickery in equipping or preparing players. It means to accept decisions of officials without protest; to treat your opponents as your guests, and to put clean play and real sportsmanship above victories. It means the ability to win without boasting and to lose without grudge. "Victory is no great matter. The important thing in sport is the manly striving to excell and the good feeling it fosters between those who play fair and have no excuse when they lose." 
1. 
Eligible Schools.-Only schools that have paid the League mem­bership fee and have accepted the plan by October 1 shall be allowed to participate. 

2. 
Special Eligibility Rules.-(a) Football Coach Must Be Full­time Employee of School Board.-A football team is not eligible to entry in the Interscholastic League whose head coach is not a full-time employee of the school board of the school which the team represents. "Full-time" means full time for the whole scholastic year. 


(b) Football Contestants.-Besides being subject to the provisions of Article VIII, Section 13, of the Constitution and Rules, a contestant in football who has changed school systems during the past year is not eligible if he was ineligible when he withdrew from the former school. In addition the contestant does not become eligible in the new school until he files in duplicate, in the State Office, a transfer's certificate from the superintendent or principal of his former school containing the following information:* Date of birth; date of with­drawal; date of enrollment his last semester; date of enrollment the semester attended preceding his last semester; courses passed his last semester; courses passed at the close of the semester attended pre­ceding his last semester; participation in athletics; duration of en­rollment the semester attended preceding his last semester. Further­more, this certificate shall state that, in the opinion of he signatory, the contestant's parents or guardian were not induced to make the move by payment direct or indirect of any valuable consideration for the athletic services of the said contestant. 
[Note.-For the convenience of member-schools the League will furnish blank forms for this certification. Upon receipt of the dupli­cate certificates in the State Office the date of receipt shall te stamped 
*The duplicate may he made from the original by the local achoo! ~n. 
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thereon and one copy forwarded to the Chairman of the District Executive Comm'ittee. The certificate will contain a coupon which shall be detached by the Chairman of the District Executive Commit­tee and returned to the school concerned. This will indicate to the school that all provisions of the rule have been complied with.] 
3. Divisions.-Participating schools shall be classed as follows: 
a. 	
A high school with an enrollment of 500 or more in 1927­1928 shall compete in "Conference A." 

b. 	
Other schools, including junior high schools, are "Conference B" schools. If a "Conference B" school wishes to compete in "C'onference A" the superintendent or principal shall make application to the Chairman of the "Conference A" Committee before the organization meeting and the State Office shall be notified at the same time. 


4. Districts.-The State shall be divided into eight districts for Conference A, and competition shall include a State championship. The State shall be divided into a number of districts for Conference B, but competition shall not extend further than a regional champion­ship. 
In accordance with the recommendation of the State Meeting of Delegates that regional championships be determined in Conference B, the State Executive Committee, on June 9, 1928, made provision for such regional championships. In addition the State C'ommittee passed the following rule : 
Any Conference B Regional Channpion that engages in football competition a/ter winning the Regional ChO/mpion­ship shall be suspended from the League for the next football season. 
Schools not listed will, when properly registered, be assigned to the nearest district. 
Con/erence A Districts: 
District 1.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent C. E. Davis, Quanah.: Amarillo, Canyon, Electra, Lubbock, Plainview, Quanah, Vernon, Wichita Falls. 
District 2.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent L. T. Cook, Breckenridge: Abilene, Breckenridge, Brownwood, Cisco, Eastland, Ranger, San Angelo. 
District 3.-Temporary Chairman, Principal R. L. Paschal, Central High School, Fort Worth: Fort Worth, Dallas, Highland Park. 
District 4.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent W. F. Doughty, Hillsboro: Cleburne, Corsicana, Hillsboro, Temple, Waco, Waxa­hachie. 
District 5.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent L. C. Gee, Green­ville: Denison, Denton, Gainesville, Greenville, McKinney, Paris, Sheririan, Sulphur Springs. 

Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 73 
District 6.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent E. C. Deering, 
Marshall: Athens, Lufkin, Marshall, Nacogdoches, Palestine, Tex­
arkana, Tyler. 
District 7.-Temporary C'hainnan, Principal R. P. Waltrip, John H. 
Reagan High School, Houston: Beaumont, Bryan, Galveston, Hous­
ton, Orange, Port Arthur, South Park (Beaumont). 
District 8.-Tenq>orary Chairman, Principal T. A. Gullette, Austin: Austin, Corpus Christi, Harlandale, San Antonio, Laredo. 
Conj erence B Districts: 
District !.-Temporary Chairman, Principal Law Sone, Panhandle: 
Canadian, Childress, Clarendon, Claude, Dumas, Farwell, Follett, 
Hereford, Higgins, Memphis, Miami, Pampa, Panhandle, Perryton, 
Sham.rock, Spearman, Tulia, Wellington, Wheeling. 
District 2.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent C. L. Sone, Sla­ton: Abernathy, Brownfield, Crosbyton, Floydada, Hale Center, La­mesa, Littlefield, Lockney, Matador, O'Donnell, Paducah, Post, Ralls, Slaton, Sudan, Tahoka, Wilson. 
District 3.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent B. C. Schulkey, 
Olney: Archer City, Bellevue, Bowie, Burkburnett, Chillicothe, 
Crowell, Henrietta, Iowa Park, Nocona, Olney, Seymour. 
District 4.-Temporary Chairman, Principal Stanley H. Peavy, Graham: Alvord, Bridgeport, Decatur, Graham, Jacksboro, Mineral Wells, Strawn, Weatherford. 
District 5.-Temporary Chairman, Principal Rufus C. Ward, Ar­lington: Arlington, Diamond Hill, Grapevine, Masonic Home, W. C. Stripling (Fort Worth), (Other B schools in Fort Worth). 
District 6.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent J. F. Kilpatrick, Farmersville: Bonham, Celeste, Clarksville, Commerce, Cooper, Farmersville, Garland, Honey Grove, Leonard, Rockwall, White­wright. 
District 7.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent H. L. Foster, Longview: Gilmer, Henderson, Jacksonville, Jefferson, Longview, Mineola, Mount Pleasant, Naples, Pittsburg, Troup, Winnsboro. 
District 8.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent Murry H. Fly, Odessa: Alpine, Fort Stockton, Marfa, Midland, Odessa, Pecos, Stanton. 
District 9.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent E. M. Connell, Anson: Anson, Big Spring, Colorado, Hamlin, Haskell, Loraine, Roby, Roscoe, Snyder, Stamford, Sweetwater. 
District 10.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent D. M. Russell, De Leon: Albany, Clyde, Comanche, De Leon, Desdemona, Dublin, Gorman, Hamilton, Moran, Rising Star, Stephenville. 
District 11.-Temporary C'hairman, Superintendent A. H. Smith, Winters: Ballinger, Bangs, Coleman, Goldthwaite, Santa Anna, Win­ters. 
University of Texas Bulletin 
District 12.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent G. L. Huckaby, San Saba: Bertram, Brady, Burnet, Eden, Lampasas, Llano, Rich­land Springs, Rochelle, San Saba. 
District 13.-Tem;porary Chairman, Superintendent E. R. Howard, Mart: Chilton, Clifton, Gatesville, Killeen, Lorena, Lott, Mart, Mc­Gregor, Moody, Walnut Springs. 
District 14.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent D. M. Major, Groesbeck: Cooledge, Ennis, Groesbeck, Itasca, Kaufman, Kerens, Kosse, Marlin, Mexia, Midlothian, State Home (Corsicana), Teague. 
District 15.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent R. H. Brister, Taylor: Bartlett, Belton, Elgin, Georgetown, Granger, Holland, Rockdale, Taylor, Thorndale. 
District 16.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent F. L. Moffett, Center: Carthage, Center, Jasper, Rusk, San Augustine, Tenaha, Timpson. 
District 17.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent R. A. Franklin, Kerrville: Fredericksburg, Junction, Kerrville, Mason, Menard, Ozona, Sonora. 
District ltl.-Temporary Chairman, Principal P. J. Dodson, Smith­ville: Bastrop, Columbus, Eagle Lake, Hallettsville, La Grange, Schulenberg, Smithville. 
District 19.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent Hulon N. An­derson, Conroe: Conroe, Crockett, Grapeland, Groveton, Huntsville, Livingston, Madisonville, Normangee, Trinity. 
District 20.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent M. B. Holleman, Brenham: Brenham, Caldwell, Cameron, Franklin, Giddings, Hearne, Navasota, Somerville. 
District 21.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent L. B. McGuffin, Yoakum.: Cuero, Edna, Floresville, Goliad, Karnes City, Kenedy, Port Lavaca, Poteet, Runge, Somerset, Victoria, Yoakum, Yorktown. 
District 22.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent L. J. Berry, San 
Marcos: Gonzales, Lockhart, Luling, New Braunfels, Nixon, San 
Marcos, Seguin. 
District 23.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent Roy Whisen­
hunt, Bay City: Bay City, El Campo, Matagorda, Palacios, Rich­
mond, Rosenberg, Wharton. 
District 24.-Temporary C'hairman, Superintendent 0. A. Fleming, Freeport: Alvin, Angleton, Freeport, Goose Creek, Humble, La Porte, Texas City. 
District 25.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent J. P. Buck, Sour Lake: Daisetta, Dayton, Liberty, Saratoga, Sour Lake, Wood­ville. 
District 26.-Temporary Chairman, Superintendent Sterling H. Fly, 
Crystal City: Cotulla, Crystal City, Del Rio, Devine, Eagle Pass, 
Hondo, Pearsall, Sabinal, Uvalde. 

Constitution and Rules, Interscnolastic League 75 
District 27.-Temporary Chairman, Principal J. P. Manning, Robs­town: Alice, Aransas Pass, Beeville, Falfurrias, Kingsville, Mathis, Odom, Robstown, Sinton, Taft. 
District 28.-Temporary Chairman, Principal R. P. Ward, Edin­burg: Brownsville, Donna, Edinburg, Harlingen, McAllen, Mercedes, Mission, Pharr, Raymondville, San Benito, Weslaco. 
5. District Organization (A and B*) The Chairman of the old District Executive Committee shall serve as temporary chairman for the district and he shall call a meeting of all participating schools in the district, preferably in the spring but in any case not later than Saturday following the third Monday in September. (The State Executive Comm!ittee urges the District Chairman to call his or­ganization meeting in the spring.) At this meeting a district execu­tive committee shall be created composed of faculty representatives from participating schools. At this meeting each participating school present shall have one vote. 
In each new district a temporary chairman shall be appointed by the State Office. It shall be the duty of the Chairman to call the organization meeting. 
It is recommended that the District Committee be composed of not more than five members, preferably three. In large districts sub­districts should be organized and a subcommittee placed in charge. At least two alternates should be elected to serve in case members of the committee are disqualified. If only one member is disqualified the first-named alternate should serve. A member of the committee shall be disqualified to act in a case in which his school is involved. 
6. Duties of District Executive Comnnittee.-It shall be the duty of the District Executive Committee: 
a. 	
To settle all disputes and questions of eligibility arising in­side the district. There shall be no appeal from any decision rendered by this committee. 

b. 	
To certify to the State Office an eligible district champion not later than Saturday after Thanksgiving. In case of dispute, certification to the State Office shall be in the form of a written notice naming the eligible team and must be signed by a majority of the members of the Dis­trict Executive Committee. 

c. 	
Either to arrange schedules or to require that a certain number of games be played with member-schools inside the district. Failure to play a representative schedule, in the opinion of the committee, shall eliminate a team from consideration for district honors. 


•It shall be the duty of the superintendent, principal, or coach in each school competing under this plan, to inform himself regarding the district chairman, time of meeting, etc. If the chairman moves from the district without calling a meeting, each school in the district has a respansibility to notify the State Office so that another chairman may be named. 
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d. 	To investigate and check the eligibility blanks of players in the district and to furnish to member-schools in the district a list of eligible plaeyrs submitted by each school and to investigate transfers with a view to determining whether or not transfers are b0'1ta fide. In case the transfer is not considered bona fide by the District Com­mittee, it shall have the power to declare the contestant in question ineligible for football. (Passed by State Ex­ecutive Committee, June 7, 1928.) 
7. Expenses District Committee.-The District Executive Commit­tee has authority to outline and put into operation a plan for financ­ing its meeting under the following restriction: If the assessment plan is used the assessment for any school shall not exceed one-half of its regular League membership fee. The failure of a school promptly to pay its assessment, after having been notified, shall subject it to a penalty of elimination from consideration for district honors. If a school refuses or fails to pay its assessment after the close of the season, it may be debarred from partidpation the follow­ing year or until the amount is paid. 
The State Executive Committee recommends that the plan of tax­ing the receipts of the district championship game or the games played Thanksgiving Week be used. 
At the close of the season the District Executive Committee shall furnish each participating school in the district a financial statement showing all receipts and disbursements for the season. 
8. 
District Disqualificatwn.-A district shall be disqualified in the State race if a team which has won a Conference game with an in­eligible player is certified as district champion to the State Office. Such disqualification to be made only upon presentation of evidence to the State Executive Committee. 

9. 
Eliminations.-The district champions in Conference A shall participate in the final series for State championship according to the schedule which shall be arranged by the State Office. Conference B bi-district and regional championship games shall be arranged by the State Office. 

10. 
Games That Count on Percentage.-Interconference or inter­district games between participating schools shall not count on a team's percentage. A defeat by a nonparticipating Texas high school, regardless of size or date, shall eliminate from the State race. 


[Note.-On account of location, El Paso cannot participate, and this rule shall not apply to games played with El Paso High School.] 
11. A Practice Gatm,e.-A game to which no admission is charged and which is not regularly conducted by an official or officials, is a "practice game" and shall not count on a team's percentage. 

Constuution and Rules, Interscholastic League 77 
12. 
Tie Games.-In interdistrict contests in Conference A one point shall be given to each team for each and every time it has pene­trated its opponent's 20-yard line. If this plan shall fail to determine the winner, the captains of the two teams shall cast lots to determine which team shall continue in the State championship race. Points thus made are, of course, not considered unless the game results in a tie. It is simply a method for breaking a tie, not in any sense a new method of scoring. 

13. 
Breaking Contracts.-A game cancelled after contract has been signed, unless both teams agree to the cancellation, shall be forfeited to the team not at fault. 

14. 
Reports.-Each team shall make a complete report of every game in duplicate i~ediately after the game. One report shall be sent to the State Office and one to the Chairman of the District Com­mittee. The District Committee may disqualify a team for its failure promptly to report its games.• 


A regular form furnished by the League shall be used for this re­port. Report of score by wire is not required. 
15. Observe Rules.-Each team shall observe faithfully all rules contained in Article VIII of the Constitution and Rules. In case an ineligible man is used in any League gOJIM, knowingly or unknowingly, the min-imaom penalty shall be forfeiture of the game. 
16. 
Football Code.-By accepting this plan, the coach and other officials of each school pledge themselves to act in the spirit of the "Football Code" and to foster this spirit among the players. 

17. 
Eligibility Blanks.-Each player shall fill out an eligibility blank in duplicate furnished by the League, these blanks to be signed by superintendent or principal, one mailed to the State Office, and one filed with the Chairman of the District Executive Committee, before the contestant is allowed to take part in any game. At the end of the season the superintendent or principal of each school shall send to the State Office a list of all players who have participated in foot­ball during the season as representatives of the school. 

18. 
Guarantees.-The visiting team always has the right to de­mand a guarantee sufficient to cover all expenses and in addition 50 per cent of the net gate receipts of the contest. A demand of a flat guarantee which is clearly in excess of expenses, shall, upon action of the State or District Executive Committee, disqualify offending team from further participation. 


[Note.,.......In this connection, expenses of visiting teams, officials, ad­vertising, labor, services, and printing incident to the contest, shall be considered as expenses of the game. Number of men allowed upon expense account shall be agreed upon by coaches or managers of 
•It will be noticed that this rule gives the district committee authority to in­terpret the word "promptly." 
University of Texas Bulletin 
teams involved. Unless mutually agreeable otherwise, the home team shall furnish a playing field without cost to the visiting school.] 
19. 
Officia"ls.-All officials must be satisfactory to both parties and agreed upon in advance. Teams are urged always to secure out­side officials. Beginning a game with an official constitutes agree­ment. 

20. 
Place of Game.-Unless mutually agreeable otherwise, the place for playing a game shall be determined on the "home and home" basis since 1920. The team that was the visiting team the last time the two teams met may insist upon the game being played upon its home field. 


In case of disagreement between two teams that have had no foot­ball relation since 1920, the place shall be decided by tossing a coin. 
21. Five Per Cent Conference A Interdistrict Receipts.-Five per cent of the gross receipts of Conference A interdistriet games shall be paid to the State Office to maintain a fund for investigating eligi-· bility questions and to supplement printing, salary, and office appro­priations relating to football. 
[This regulation (21) was approved by the Annual State Meeting· of Delegates May 5, 1928.] 
22. 
Protests.-All protests must be m,ade to the proper committee within twenty-four hours after the game is played, except that a pro­test based on the alleged ineligibility of a player may be made at any time during the season; provided, it is made irn,mediately upon discov­ery of the facts on which the protest is based. Protests must be made in writing and signed by superintendent or principal. A protest based on an official's decision will not be considered. 

23. 
School Authorities Responsible.-All League activities must be planned, organized, and administered only by the school authorities. All contracts for games and other interschool activities shall be in writing and must be made only between superintendents or prindpals or other qualified members of the faculties of schools involved, and the arrangement, management, and control of all games and other contests shall be under the direct supervision of school authorities without the aid of outside persons, organizations, or influence. 


The responsibility for the eligibility of contestants shall rest with the superintendent of schools. He is the responsible officer in the system to whom the League looks for elibigility of all contestants in his system of schools. 
Responsibility of personal investigation of contestants under the eligibility rules of the League may be delegated by him to the prin­cipal or principals. 
24. Trophy for State Champion.-A beautiful regulation-sized silver football, mounted on an ebony base, will be awarded to the school that wins the State championship under this plan. 

Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 79 
STATE BASKET BALL TOURNAMENT 
The League has arranged for the determination of the State cham­pionship in interscholastic basket ball under the following conditions: 
1. The district director of athletics shall be responsible for deter­mining his district championship team and certifying same to the State Office not later than February 23, 1929. 
[Note.-It is suggested that the counties decide their champions by a round robin schedule to end not later than one week prior to the district tournament, and that the district director then arrange a tournament by bringing all winning teams together at a central place. If deemed desirable the county and district directors of ath­letics may divide the schools into A and B classes for competition in the county and district. If this method is used the two winning teams shall play to determine the district championship as specified above. Independent Districts, as described in Article VI, Section 5, may enter one team in the district games.] 
2. 
The State Office shall then designate adjoining districts which shall play for the bi-dil!ltrict championship, place for the game to be agreed upon between the two teams involved. In case of failure of agreement between the opposing teams the matter shall be re­ferred to the State Executive Committee, which shall designate a time and place for the game. 

3. 
The winners of the bi-district games are eligible to compete in the State Championship Basket Ball Tournament, March 8 and 9. 

4. 
A silver trophy is provided for the winning team, a cup for the runner-up, and a shield for the third place team, as well as medals as follows: eight gold medals for the winning team, eight silver medals for the team which is runner-up in the final match for State championship, and eight bronze medals for the third place team. 

5. 
All funds collected as entry fees and admissions at the State Tournament in excess of the amount necessary to defray the incidental expenses of the meet shall be prorated up to 100 per cent to the con­testing teams on the basis of the railroad fare paid by each team, except no rebate will be paid to any team located within 75 miles of the point where the tournament is held. Rebate will be paid also on two and only two substitutes for each team, and for the coach. 

6. 
In all intra-and inter-district contests the two opposing schools shall agree in advance concerning officials. Disputes arising as to eligibility and other matters not involving the decisions of officials may be review~ and finally decided by the State Executive Committee. 

7. 
The eligibility rules of this Constitution and Rules shall be fol­


lowed in basket ball, and no school not a member of the League eligible to compete. 
8. Disagreements regarding indoor and outdoor courts shall be decided as follows: One game to be played indoors, one game out­doors and if necessary the place of the third game to be decided by the 
University of Texas Bulletin 
toss of a coin. Two games won by the same team shall decide the match. This provisfon shall not apply to county or district tourna­ments held on legal indoor courts or to the State Tournament. 
9. 
All teams participating in any series leading up to the State Tournament shall pay an entry fee of $1.00 to the State Office by December 15, 1928. Tea.ms may register up to January 8, 1929,. but the fee after December 15, 1928, will be $2. No team will be accepted after January 8. No team shall be allowed to take part in any game, either county or district, that has failed to pay this fee. Teams paying the fee shall be furnished with a card which shall entitle them to participation. County and district officers shall allow only paid-up teams to compete. Mail remittance to the State Office in time to receive your card before your county schedule is arranged. Play no team which does not present this card. 

10. 
Official&.-All officials must be satisfactory to both parties and agreed upon in advance. Teams are urged always to secure outside officials. Beginning a game with an official constitutes agreement. 

11. 
Protests.-A pretest must be made within twenty-four hours after a game Is played, except that a protest based on the alleged ineligibility of a player may be made at any time during the season;. provided, it is made immediately upon discovery of the facts on which the protest is based. Protests based upon decisions of officials will not be considered. Protests must be made in writing, signed by Superintendent -0r Principal. 

12. 
Season Report.-At the end of the season the Superintendent or Principal of each participating school shall file with the State Office a report of all players that have represented the school during the season. A form for this report will be furnished by the League. 


TENNIS 
1. 
Eligibility.-The eligibility rules laid down in Article VIII of the Constitution shall be strictly observed in all tennis contests in this League. 

2. 
County Contests.-Each school in the League may enter a team of boys and a team of girls in the county contest in doubles, and one boy and one girl in singles. The boy singles player may or may not be a member of the doubles team. 

3. 
District Contests.-The winning teams in each county contest and the winners in the singles (boys and girls) may enter the district contest. 

4. 
State Contest.-The winning teams in the district contests and the winners in the singles (boys and girls) may enter the final State contest, to be held at the University of Texas on the first Thursday, Friday, and Saturday in May. 

5. 
Number of Sets.-In all matches except the finals in the county, district, and State contests, the best two out of three sets shall 


Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 81 
determine the winners; in all final matches for boys the best three out of five sets shall determine the winners. In all girls' matches 
the best two out of three sets shall determine the winners. 
6. 
How to Enter.-It shall be the duty of each team desiring to enter the county contests to notify the county athletic director, giving names of the players and a certificate of their eligibility signed by the Principal or Superintendent, at least one week bef<>re the time of such contest. Furthermore, each winning team in a county or district contest shall at once notify the athletic director of the next higher contest, sending names and eligibility certificates of the players. 

7. 
Officjals.-The athletic director in each contest shall provide a manager and the proper number of umpires for such contests. 

8. 
Foot Faults.-Both feet must be kept behind the line, and one foot must remain on the ground behind the line until the ball is de­livered. There must be no step, hop, or jump. This rule will be strictly enforced at the State Meet, and should be in the county and district meets. 

9. 
Contestants.-!£ possible, send contestants who are not in track or debate. 


10.-Girls' Participation Limited.-No girl shall be allowed to com­pete in both singles and doubles. 
RURAL PENTATHLON 
1. 
Eligibility.-The rules laid down in Article VIII of the Consti­tution shall be strictly observed in this contest. 

2. 
Division.-The one division in the rural pentathlon is open only to one and two teacher rural schools. 

3. 
County Representation.-Each member school as defined in the paragraph above may be represented in the county meet by one senior boy contestant. Participation in the rural pentathlon does not affect the contestant's right to enter the events in the regular track and field program. 


[Note.-It should be noted that most of the pentathlon events may be conducted in connection with the regular events on the Class B program without "double-working" the contestant. All that is neces­sary is two sets of records for the boy who is competing in both the pentathlon and the regular Class B track meet. In the track events it will probably be better to conduct the pentathlon separately but this is not necessary in the field events. For example in the shot put a boy makes 48 ft. 6 in. Give him credit for that distance on his pentathlon score as well as on the shot put score sheets in the Class B meet. The same should be done in the broad jump. In the high jump he is credited with his best height.] 
4. Events.-The rural pentathlon shall consist of the following events: .(a) 100-yard dash; (b) running high jump; (c) 12-pound 
University of Texas Bulletin 
shot put;* (d) standing hop, step and jump;t (e) running broad jump. 
5. Scoring.-The first five places in each event count, respectively, five, four, three, two and one point. If less than six participate, all places count as indicated in the preceding sentence. The contestant who scores the greatest number of points shall be declared the winner and the holder of the Rural Pentathlon Championship. 
[Note.-If the method described above shall fail to determine a winner, the records made by the tying contestants shall be computed on the five, four, three, two, one basis. If this method shall fail to determine a winner, the points for all-round championship shall be equally divided between the contestants then tied and the winner decided by casting lots. 
6. 
Points for all-round Championship.-The winner of the Pen­tathlon shall receive fifteen points for his school to be counted towards the county all-round championship. The runner-up shall receive ten points and third place five points. 

7. 
District a-rt.d State Representation.-The first place winner in the county is eligible to represent the county at the district meet. The first place winner in the district is eligible to eLter the State Meet with full rebate privileges. 

8. 
State Awards.-The winner of the Pentathlon at the State Meet will receive a permanent silver loving cup appropriately in­scribed; the runner-up will receive a gold medal; the third place winner a silver medal and the fourth place winner a bronze medal. 


VOLLEY BALL FOR SENIOR GIBLS 
1. 
Eligibility.-The rules laid down in Article VIII of the Consti­tution shall be strictly observed in this contest. 

2. 
Division. There is but one division in this contest open only to senior girls. (For definition of a "senior" see Article VII, Sec­tion 7.) 

3. 
Representation.-Each member-school (except schools in cities as described in Article VI, Section 5) may be represented in the county meet by one team. The district executive committee has authority to include this event in the district meet if it sees fit. 

4. 
Official Rules.-Unless mutually agreeable otherwise all games shall be played under the Official Rules published by Spaldings, latest 


•The shot is a metal ball (lead, iron or brass) weighing twelve pounds. It is "put" (not thrown) from the sboulder with one band. In the act of "putting" it must not drop behind or below the shoulder. During the "put" the contestant must stay within a circle seven feet in diameter. Watch the columns of the Leaguer for sugegstions concerning form, bow to practice, etc. 
tin the hop, step and jump the contestant shall be allowed to take off from both feet. Measurement shall be made from a mark back of ·which the con­testant shall start. (He mav "toe•• the line so loni: R• hP does not touch it.l 


Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 83 
edition. If the game is played at the district meet the district execu­tive committtee has authority to modify the playing rules if it deems such action advisable. 
5. Points.-The winning team at the county meet shall receive fifteen points to be counted towal'ds county all-round championship in its class, the runner-up team shall receive ten points, and the third­place team five points. 
[Note.-All schools, Class A, Class B, Rural, etc., compete in one division in this contest. Only the winner, runner-up, and third-place teams score points towards all-round championship. A ward school may enter a team if it is composed of girls of senior age. Junior girls are not eligible. 
ATHLETIC EVENTS FOR JUNIOR BOYS 
1. 
Eligibility.-The rules laid down in Article VIII of the Constituc tion shall be strictly observed in this contest. These events are open only to boys of junior age. 

2. 
Div·isions.-If as many as four schools of a particular class (Class A. Class B, Rural or Ward) register for participation at the county meet, they shall compete in a division of their own. Classes having less than four schools entered shall be combined in one division. If there happens to be only one class of school having less than four entries, that class shall be placed in one of the other classes by the county director of athletics subject to the approval of the county executive committee. 

3. 
Representation.-Each member-school may be represented in the county meet by a team of junior boys subject to the following rules: 


a. 	
No school shall be allowed more than three boys in each event except the relay which requires four. 

b. 	
No boy shall be allowed to participate in more than five events. 


4. Events.-The events with the order in which they shall be con­ducted follow: 
Track 	Field 
1. 	
50 yards dash 1. Pull up (chinning bar) 

2. 
100 yards dash 2. Running high jump 

3. 
440 yards relay 3. Running broad jump 


5. Points.-The first four places in each event count, respectively, five, three, two and one. If less than five participate in any one event no points shall be allowed for the last place. The school that scores the greatest number of points by this method shall receive fifteen points to be counted towards the county all-round championship in its class, the school winning second place shall receive ten points, and the third-place team shall receive five points. 
University of Texas Bulletin 
PLAYGROUND BALL 
(For Junior Boys and for Junior Girls) 
1. 
Eligibility.-The rules laid down in Article VIII of the Constitu­tion shall be strictly observed in this contest. This contest is open only to boys and girls of junior age. 

2. 
Divisions.-There shall be two divisions in this event, one for boys and one for girls. If as many as four schools of a particular class (Class A, Class B, Rural and Ward) register for participation at the county meet, they shall compete in a division of their own. Classes having less than four entered shall be combined in one division. If there happens to be only one class of school having less than four entries, that class shall be placed in one of the other classes by the county director of athletics subject to the approval of the county executive committee. 

3. 
Representat?'.on.-Each member-school may be represented in the county meet by a team of boys and by a team of girls. 

4. 
Playing Rules.-The standard regulation baseball rules shall apply in all games in this League with the following exceptions: 


1. 	
The Diamond.-The bases, except the home plate, shall b& 11h feet square. The home plate shall be one foot square. Each side of the diamond shall measure 45 feet. The pitch­ing distance shall be 30 feet. 

2. 	
Equipment.-The ball shall be a standard playground or· indoor baseball 14 inches in circumference, either inseam or outseam. The bat shall be a standard indoor or play­ground bat. 

3. 	
Number of Players.-A team may be composed of ten or fewer· players. If ten players are used there shall be two short­stops, one playing between first and second and one between. second and third. 

4. 	
Pitching Regulations.-The pitcher shall take his positioru facing the batter with both feet on the pitcher's plate. In the act of delivering the ball he may step forward with one foot but the other must be kept in contact with the plate until the ball has left his hand. The arm must be swung underhanded and kept parallel with the body. (The pitcher is not rf:lquired to throw underhanded except to a batter.) 

5. 	
Base Running.-A base runner shall not leave his base while­the pitcher has the ball standing in his box. On a pitched ball the base runner shall not leave his base until the ball has reached or passed the batter. A runner who leaves his base too soon shall be sent back unless he is put out on the play. The umpire should not make his decision until the runner has reached the next base or is put out. When a 



Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 85 
base runner is entitled to return to a base the pitcher shall wait a reasonable time for him to reach the base. 
When a base runner is forced off a base by reason of a batsman becoming a base runner he cannot be sent back for leaving too soon on that particular play. 
6. 	
Hit by Pitched Ball.-If the batter is hit by a pitched ball, the ball is dead and no runner may advance. The batter is not entitled to first base but the play counts as a "ball" against the pitcher except as provided in the following: If the batter intentionally gets in the way of the ball, it counts as a strike. If it is the third strike the batter is out. 

7. 	
No Spiked Shoes.-Spiked shoes shall not be worn by any player. 


5. Points.-The winning team in each division at the county meet shall receive fifteen points to be counted towards county all-round cham'pionship. The runner-up team shall receive ten points and the third-place team five points. 
TRACK AND FIELD RULES 
(For detailed rules regarding track events and officials, see the National Collegiate Athletic Association Rules, published by Spald­ing Bros., Dallas, Houston, or San Antonio.) 
1. 
Meets.-The rules in this article shall be observed in all meets held under the jurisdiction of the University Interscholastic League. 

2. 
Points.-In all track meets held by this League the first four places in each event count, respectively, five, three, two, and one point. If less than five participate in any event no point$ shall be allowed for last place. In figuring individual honors a man's record on the relay team shall also be counted; for instance, each man on the winning team shall receive one and one-fourth points for indi­vidual honors, etc. 

3. 
Events.-The events, with the order in which they shall be held, are as follows:* (For list of Junior events for county meets see page 83.) 


Track 
1. 	
120 yards high hurdles. 5. 440 yards dash. 

2. 	
100 yards dash. 6. 220 yards dash. 

3. 	
880 yards run. 7. 1-mile run. 

4. 	
220 yards low hurdles. 8. 1-mile relay. 


Field 
1. 	
Pole vault. 4. Running high jump. 

2. 	
Running broad jump. 5. 12-pound shot put. 

3. 	
Discus throw. 6. Javelin throw. 


•In meets where semi-finals are necessary the mile run may be sandwiched in with the semi-finals. 
University of Texas Bulletin 
4. 
Preliminaries and Finals.-The preliminaries and finals shall be held on Friday and Saturday of the State Meet. 

5. 
No change shall be made in the order of events as printed herein within one month of the date of the meet. 


6. Representation to Final Meet.-As provided in Article IX, Sec­tion 3. 
7. 
Number in Each Event.-Each school having a sufficient num­ber of qualified men shall be allowed not over three men in each event, excepting the relay, which requires four men. 

8. 
Number of Events One May Enter.-No contestant shall be allowed to compete in more than three track events, including the relay, and in not over five events altogether; and no contestant shall be allowed to enter more than one of the following events: 440-yds. run, 880-yds. run, mile run. 

9. 
Eligibility.-In all track meets held by this League the eligibility rules as laid down in Article VIII of this constitution shall be strictly observed. 

10. 
Entries for Final Meet.-At least ten days before the first day of the final meet, each school having qualified men and desiring to compete in said final meet shall send to the Director of Inter­scholastic Athletics, University, Austin, Texas, by registered mail, a list of entries, showing each event for which each man is entered. This list shall be signed by the principal or other acting head of the school. Official entry blanks are furnished by the League for the convenience of member-schools and may be secured from the State Office or from the District Director of Athletics. 


11. Closing of Entries.-No entries shall be allowed for said final meet which are not mailed to the director on or before the tenth day before the first day of the meet. 
12. 
No Changes in Entries Allowed.-No changes in the entry list as sent in, as per Rule 11 above, shall be allowed except that a man may be substituted for another in an event, provided the sub­stitute is otherwise eligible and already entered in the meet. 

13. 
Must Qualify in Preliminaries.-No contestant shall be al­lowed to compete in the finals in any event who did not compete in the preliminaries and semi-finals of that event. This rule applies to the relay as well as to other events. 

14. 
Must Be on Hand at Time Announced.-The Director of the meet shall see that the preliminaries and the finals start at the time announced for them. No excuse shall be accepted for failure of a team or contestant to appear at the time announced for the meet to start, and any contestant who fails for any reason to be on hand at the time of the preliminaries shall forfeit his right to compete either in the preliminaries or the finals. 


Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 87 
15. Officials.-The University Director of Interscholastic Athletics shall have general charge of the final meet, and the county and dis­trict athletic directors shall have charge of the county and district meets, respectively. It shall be the duty of such directors to provide officials, secure entries, arrange programs, and attend to such matters as may be required for the proper conduct of the meets. 
Each meet shall be under the direction of: The director of ath­letics, one referee, two or more inspectors, three or more field judges, four or more judges at the finish, three or more time-keepers, one starter, one clerk of the course, one scorer, one clerk of the field, one marshal, one announcer, and such assistants to these officials as may be necessary. 
16. Protests.-(See Article XIII). 
17. 
Coach Not Allowed on Field.-At the final State Meet coaches and other school officials will not be allowed on the field. 

18. 
No Extra Trials for Record.-Effective 1928 winners in the shot put, discus throw, javelin throw, and running broad jump at the State Meet will not be allowed extra trials for a State record. Those who qualify for the finals will be allowed three additional trials, making six in all, and the contestant will be credited with his best performance whether it was made in the preliminaries or in the finals. 


FINANCIAL STATEMENT 
UNIVERSITY INTERSCHOLASTIC LEAGUE 
September 1, 1927-September 1, 1928 

RECEIPTS 
Balance on hand Septeinber !_______________ _________ ________  $2,994.54  
Membership  fees____
____ _
_________ __ __ _____ ________________________ 
$10,146.00  
*Basket Ball fees______ __________________________
__________________  1,654.00  
*Basket Ball Tournament sales (Wiley Glaze) __  845.50  
*High-School Tournament sales  (Miss Martin)  340.80  
Returned checks made good (1925-1926) ___________ 
 291.25  
Track  receipts_____________________________________________________  325.25  
tBalance One-Act Play receipts___________
_________
__ 
___  33.38  
State Meet Breakfast sales___________________________ 
 60.00  
Returned checks made good (1927-1928) ___________  187.55  
Total receipts____________ 
_
________ _________________________________  13,883.73  

Grand TotaL______
__
___
_____________________________ 
_ 
_
__ $16,878.27 
EXPENDITURES 
Rebate (Contestants to State Meet) ----------------$7,406.46 *Rebate (Contestants to Basket Ball Touma­ment -----------~--------------------------------------------------1,726.80 
Ruth McMillan (services on Year Book) ____________ 300.00 *Billy Ebner (sign for Basket Ball Tournament) 20.00 *C. & S. Sporting Goods Company (basket 
balls) -------------------------------------------------------------48.00 *Economy Engraving ComJ>any (cuts and pos­ters) ------------------------------------------------------------------66.76 *Roy B. Henderson (expenses to Indianapolis and return to attend Indiana State Basket Ball Tournament) -------------------------------------­133.87 *University Press (printing Basket Ball Tour­
nament tickets, posters, and programs) ______ 64.40 *Stall & Dean, Chicago (1 basket ball)------------­11.80 *University Commons (Basket Ball Tournament 
Breakfast) ----------------------·---------·------------------67.00 
•Starred items in this report are basket ball receipts or expenditures for which 
see 	basket ball report in full published following this statement. tFor detail of this item see "One Act Play," p. 91. 

Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 89 
*University Studio (14 signs for Basket Ball Tournament) ------------------------------------­Program distribution (Lon Ogg, Harold Cun­
ningham,, Wayne Wilson, Glendon Roberts) ___ Ja~s Teeling (services at Y.M.C.A.) _______________ Services at Y.M.C.A. (A. N. Eby, D. W. 
Ogletree) ------------------------------------------------------­Carl Mount (cups and medals) ------------------------­Robert Coltharp (electridan at One-Act Play 
contest) -----------------------------------------------------­C'laude Meadows (track numbers> -------------------­Securing accommP<iations (W. R. Freeman, man, E. M. Ruth, F. W. Reeves, Harold Shanklin, Arthur Klein, Leslie Byrd, Jimmie Miller, Teddy Harper, Leroy Neill, Charles Roeber, Ernest Wright, Cotys Mouser) ____________ Ruth Baxter (securing lodgings for girls) _______ Information Bureau (Sam Lane, Carroll L. 
Thom;as) ----------------------------------------------­George Cunningham (Checking Bureau) __________ Willard Shuart (badge distribution) __________________ 
Distribution of cots and blankets (W. H. Evans, R. B. Roorbach, W. T. Owen, H. H. Johnson, Willard Shuart) _
________________________ 
Progress of Meet (Harold Cunningham, A. B. Awalt, Carlos C'hevido) ----------------·------------------­
Registration Bureau at Y.M.C.A. (Gertrude Sumners, Helen Hall, Rachel Sumners, Par­lee Hocker) ---------------------------------------------· 
Lodgings for girls (Mrs. J. D. Hall, Gyneth Stugard, Mrs. I. J. Bro.man, Irene Bergstrom., Irene Carlson, Margaret Cunningham, Elsie 
Crozier) ----------------------------------·----------------­
W.R. Long (cash advanced) __________________________ Expenses of Judges (L. N. Wright, L. E. Der­rick, Gates Thomas) ----------------------------------­Alfred Rose (transportation) -------------------------------­Fowler Roberts (services rendered Mr. Griscom) Morton Brown (cash advanced-One-Act Play contest) ----------------------------------------------------­Frank Stubbeman (stenographic services-Pub­lic Speaking Office) -----------·------------------------­
University 	Cooperative Society (buttons, badges, shields, and IW!dals) -----------------------------­
4.00 
27.20 
8.00 
9.60 
4.90 
3.00 
10.40 
179.60 
4.40 
23.90 
12.50 
11.20 
30.50 
23.45 
26.60 
55.30 
155.00 
9.00 
25.00 
1.05 
8.00 
31.50 
401.54 
University of Texas Bulletin 
*University Cooperative Society (basket ball medals) -------------------·---------· ---------------------------------78.72 J _ D. Carleton (extra services on programs) ___ _ 10.00 On duty at Barracks (Little Campus) (J. F. 
Normand, E. C. Boyle, Alton King) ___ __ 
__ 
.__ _____ _ 31.00 McKean-Eilers Company (75 blankets) _________ _ 131.25 University Press (printing tickets and pro­
grams) ------------------------------------------------------------343.85 
H. 	E. Jessen (drawing for cover design for State Meet Program) -----------------------------------------­10.00 University Commons (League Breakfast, State 
Meet) -------------------------·---------------------------------65.50 George Cunningham (lettering certificates) _____ 
16.00 Fred G. Cloud (for articles taken during State 
Meet) ----------------------------------------------------------40.75 Motoramp Garage (gasoline during State Meet) 1.71 Returned checks_________
_________________________________ 

285.10 Total expenditures_________________ _
__________ _
_____
_ 
Balance on hand_____________________________________________ _ 

Membership fund_________ _ 
____________$3,927.45 
Basket ball fund__________________________ 1,026.21 

Grand Total_
__________
___________________ 
FINANCIAL STATEMENT 
BASKET BALL TOURNAMENT, 1928 
RECEIPTS 
Balance on hand________________________________________________ 
Basket Ball fees___________
______________ 
_
___
___
_________ 
$1,654.00 

High-School sales (Miss Martin) -------------------------340.80 Basket Ball receipts (Mr. Glaze) ______________________ 845.50 'Iotal receipts_______
__________________________________________ _
__
_ 
Grand Total_________________________________________ _ 
_
________ 
EXPENDITURES 
Rebate (contestants to Basket Ball Tourna­ment) --------------------------------------------$1,726.80 Billy Ebner, (sign for Basket Ball Tourna­ment) ------------------------------------------------------20.00 
C. 	& S. Sporting Goods Conqiany (4 basket balls) ----------------------------------------------------------------48.00 
$11,924.61 4,953,66 
$16,878.27 
$ 407.26 
2,840.30 
$3,247.56 

Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 91 
Economy Engraving Company (cut and pos­ter) ----------------------------------------­Roy B. Henderson (expenses to Indianapolis and return to attend Indiana State Basket Ball Tournament)________________________________________ University Press (printing tickets, programs, 
and posters for Tournament) ___________
_____ 
Stall & Dean (1 basket ball)------------------------­University Commons (Basket Ball Tournament breakfast) ----------------------------------­University Studio (14 Basket Ball Tournament signs) ----------------------------------­University Cooperative Society (basket ball medals) --------------------------------------------­
Total expenditures__________________________________ 
Balance on hand________________________________________________ 
Grand TotaL_____________________________________________ 
_ 
ONE-ACT PLAY, 1928 
Amount collected_________________
___________________________________ 

Bills paid: 
L. H. Gruber (repairing tape) ______________________ 
Florence Stullken (tests for State Meet) -------­
Lorena Hillyer (refreshments) -----------------------­
Balance -----------------------------------------------------------­
66.76 
133.87 
64.40 
11.80 
67.00 
4.00 
78.72 
$2.25 
2.12 
1.50 $2,221.35 1,026.21 
$3,247.56 
$39.25 
$33.38 
APPENDIX 
PRIZES IN FINAL CONTESTS 
Boys' Debate.-The Eugene Harris silver cup to the school rep­resented by the winning team, and debating scholarships to the members of team winning first honors. 
Girls' Debate.-Silver cup. 
Boys' Senior Declamation.-The Wozencraft silver cup. 
Girls' Senior Declamation.-The Eli Hertzberg silver cup. 
Boys' Rural School Senior Declamation.-The W. F. Doughty silver 

loving cup. 
Boys' Rural Junior Declamation.-The Rupert P. Ricker silver cup. 
Girls' Rural Senior Declamation.-The W. F. Doughty silver loving 
cup. Girls' Rural School Junior Declamation.-The Grover Hartt silver cup. Class A Essay Writing.-The University silver cup and complete set of 0. Hency's works. Class B Essay Writing.-The University silver cup and complete set of 0. Henry's works. Rural School Essay Writing.-The Annie Webb Blanton silver lov­ing cup. 
Ward School Essay Writing.-The University silver cup. 
High School Track Meet.-Silver cup, permanent. 
Relay.-The C. & S. silver loving cup. 
Rural Pentathlon.-Individual silver cup, permanent, for first place and gold, silver, and bronze medals for second, third, and fourth places, respectively. 
Tennis.-The Caswell & Smith silver cup for boys. 
Medals.-Gold, silver, and bronze medals for first, second, and third place winners, respectively, in each event of the track meet, and for declamation, extemporaneous speech and typewriting; also gold and silver medals to winners of first and second place in tennis and debate. 
Basket Ball.-The University Cooperative Society permanent tro­phy for winner. C. & S. cup for runner-up in State Tournament, gold medals for members of winning team and silver medals for members of runners-up ti>am, and bronze medals for members of the third place team. 
Football.-Permanent trophy, a regulation-sized silver football. 
Spelling.-One Hundred per cent Spelling Certificate. 
Extemporaneous Speech.-Cup for winner in Extemporaneous Speech. 


Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League 93 
Girls' Tennis Doubles.-University cup. 
One-Act Play.-Silver shield to winner, and small shield to runner­up-permanent trophies. 
Three-R Contest.-Silver shield to school winning first place, and gold, silver, and bronze medals for first, second, and third places, respectively. Shield is permanent award. 
Typewriting.-Silver cup to school as permanent award, and gold, silver, and bronze medals to first, second, and third place winners, nspectively. 
The silver cups, except those in basket ball, football, rural pen­tathlon, typewriting and track, are to be in the custody of the winning schools for one year, and a cup must be won by the same school three years in succession in order to entitle that school to permanent possession of the same. 
University scholarships are awarded by the Board of Regents to those winning first, second, and third honors, respectively, in the literary events at the State Meet.