"In a well-planned one-act play contest, there are no losers." Cover design by Joe Schroeder. Additional copies of this publication may be pro­cured from the Bureau of Public School Service, The University of Texas, Box 8028, University Station, Austin, Texas 78712 25 Cents per Copy THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS PUBLICATION NUMBER 6517 SEPT. I, 1965 PUBLISHED TWICE A MONTH BY THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS, UNIVERSITY STATION, AUSTIN, TEXAS, 78712. SECOND-CLASS POSTAGE PAID AT AUSTIN, TEXAS. THE UNIVERSITY INTERSCHOLASTIC LEAGUE HANDBOOK for 011e-Aet Play tJireetors Contents Educational Theatre: A Definition 5 Introduction 7 Responsibilities of the Individual Play Director 7 One-Act Play Contest Calendar 7 Selecting Your Contest Play _ 9 Planning Meetings 10 The Contest . 11 So, You Won the Contest . 12 Approved List of One-Act Plays for Contest 13 Play· Publishers . 18 Ineligible Plays . 18 One-Act Play Contest Rules 19 Standards for Judging One-Act Plays . 24 Guide for Contest Managers . 25 Definitions . 26 Bibliography 26 I think I love and reverence all arts equally, only put· ting my own just above the others; because in it I recognize the union and culmination of my own. To me it seems as if when God conceived the world, that was Poetry; He formed it, and that was Sculpture; He colored it and that was Painting; He peopled it with living beings, and that was the grand, divine, eternal Drama. Charlotte Cushman Educational Theatre: A Definition Modern educational theatre is a creative, practical activity. Its par!Ic1pants learn to do by doing those scores of tasks which are required of them as they are taught the art of play production. They learn to think independently because the development of individual thought and action is one of the basic elements of play prochiction. They learn to appreciate the dignity of human labor because the theatre demands a great amount of human labor. They learn to master the tech­niques of handling tools, needles, pigment, electrical equipment, paint, lumber and cloth. They learn to sell tickets and advertising, to make and upholster furni­ture, and to launder clothing. They draw upon their knowledge of mathematics, physics, speech, art, journalism, music, English, dance, history, literature, in­dustrial arts, psychology, homemaking, and foreign languages, and combine all these with specific training in the art of theatre as they work together to produce a single play. Modern educational theatre is a creative, culturally enlightening activity. Its participants learn to appreciate the great literary masterpieces of Moliere, Shake­speare, Goethe, Shaw, and the Greeks, because the works of these masters must be thoroughly studied and understood if they are to be brought to life on the stage. An appetite for good literature is created, and motivation for literary appreciation is strongly established by the requisites of play production. Modem educational theatre is a creative, democratic activity. Students learn the principles of democracy and civic responsibility because these principles are inherent in an effective educational theatre program. Working together in close harmony as members of a play company, establishing the esprit de corps which occurs so naturally during rehearsal periods, assuming responsibilities as crew members, coordinating all work projects to meet a deadline, settling with toler­ance and understanding the differences of opinion and procedure which are always present in a free society, learning to command and be commanded: these are as­pects of functional democracy and community leadership which are encountered daily by all who work in play production. Such an activity makes a definite con­tribution to the improvement of democratic processes of the community. Modern educational theatre is a creative activity which has personal and thera­peutic values. The student develops such qualities as self confidence, poise, co­operativeness, initiative, resourcefulness, self control, and self discipline, and a sense of understanding and appreciation of the abilities and efforts of others. He learns the importance of systematic organization, orderly procedure, and de­tailed planning because even the most casual type of play production encourages and requires the development of organizational abilities. The srudent in the edu­cational theatre experiences keenly the feeling of belonging; he is provided with a controlled outlet for physical, emotional, and mental disturbances which seem common to most young people. He discovers through dramatics a more definite purpose for staying in school and an acceptable reason for giving closer attention to the other scholastic pursuits. If he is shy, he is taught to overcome shyness. If he is too aggressive, he learns to temper his aggressiveness with consideration for others. In play production he finds an opportunity to expend excess energy in a constructive and educationally productive way, to develop his imagination, and to use his leisure hours to better advantage. Modem educational theatre is a creative activity which has definite vocational possibilities. One of the reasons for the number of collegiate drama courses has been the demand for public school and university teachers of dramatics. Edu­cational drama also exists for the purpose of giving training to those students who seek careers in television, community and professional theatre, the dance and the motion picture industry. Therefore, the educational theatre is a creative segment of academic life which becomes more than an extracurricular activity, more than a medium of entertainment, and more than just a class play. It provides actual experience in practicing democratic principles of living which increases the student's potential value to his community. It supplies per­sonal and therapeutic values which give him a greater emotional and mental sta­bility, and which enhance his chances to provide an adequate livelihood for himself and his dependents. He can find somewhere in the diversified intri­cacies of play production an opportunity to use all of his talents and capabilities. Each of his needs is met in the educational theatre because of the scope and comprehensiveness of its activities. Introduction This Handbook was prepared in order that individual play directors and contest managers might be encouraged to strive more effectively to achieve the purposes of the One-Act Play Contest and to make it a more meaningful creative educational experience for all participants. Responsibilities of the Individual Play Director As the director of your school's entry in the One-Act Play Contest of the Interscholastic League, you will discover at least three important responsibilities. One is to select a high quality play which will best represent your capabilities, the talents of your students, and which will reflect with credit upon the educational theatre program of your school. Another responsibility requires that you direct your production in a manner which will result in the finest quality performance you and your company are able to achieve. Finally, there is the responsibility concerning your attitude and that of your company toward play contests. Play competition, unlike some types of contest where the outcome can be measured by nu­merical totals, can be "won" even though the first place award may be to another company. Directors and students gain from participation in play production, and no decision can take these benefits away from them. You and your company should accept this concept when you enter the contest. You must realize there is literal truth in the state· ment, "In a well planned one-act play contest, there are no losers." While it is natural and entirely in keeping with the objectives of mod­ern education to strive for first place, the purposes of competition in the creative arts are lost when students and directors behave in an unbecoming manner if they fail to win. You, as director of a student play company, have a significant duty to perform in this respect. It is as important as is any other aspect of play competition. One-Act Play Contest Calendar December l. Deadline for submitting One-A <:t Play En rollment Card. The One­Act Play Enrollment Card is mailed in September to the principal or super­intendent of each high school that held League membership the previous year. The Enrollment Card must be completed in full and returned to the State Office postmarked no later than Dec. l. Cards postmarked after the deadline will not be accepted, and the school will be ineligible to par­ticipate in the one-act play contest for the current year. Since checking "yes" on the Enrollment Card obligates the school to par­ticipate in the contest, the signature of the principal or superintendent is mandatory. Failure to compete in the district contest after a school has agreed to participate can result in suspension from this event during the following year. February 12. Deadine for requesting perm1ss1on to produce plays not on the ApproYed List of Plays. A director who desires to produce a one-act play not on the ApproYed List or scenes from a three-act play must submit an exact copy of the script to the League Play Appraisal Committee, no later than February 12. February 12. Deadline for requesting additions to the basic set. Rule 2b(4) provides that the basic set available at the host school will be used by all the companies in the contest. You may decide additional set pieces are de­sirable. You must request permission in writing from the State Office to use such items. (Refer to Definitions, page 26 for set pieces.) The rule further provides that the request must be accompanied by draw­ings or a model drawn or made to scale. There must also be a floor plan, drawn to scale, along with the name of the play, and complete descriptions of the pieces and explanations of how they will be located, supported, or flown. Without all of this information, the request will be returned without consideration until the required data are supplied. The Play Appraisal Committee is unlikely to approve additions to the basic set except for small items essential to the understanding of the play. Be sure your additions to the basic set are functional rather than decorative. This is not a con test in scene design or construction. Approval of the script, whether on the Approved List or by special request, does not constitute approval of any scenery described in the script. March 3. Deadline for submitting One-Act Play Title Entry Card. Each Febru­ary the State Office mails to the one-act play director of each school entering the contest an Official One-Act Play Title Entry Card. This card must be returned to the State Office postmarked no later than March 3. The title submitted on this card must be eligible for the contest according to the current rules. Payment of royalty does not necessarily give a director permission to edit a play as he wishes. This is particularly true of cuttings of long plays. Written approval to present scenes or cuttings from long plays must be secured from the publisher, and this must be accomplished before the Title F.:ntry Card is submitted. Selecting Your Contest Play This is one of the most important and difficult tasks facing the di­redor. Upon your knowledge of plays and the ability to select the best one for your situation will depend to a great extent the values which will accrue to your students. Likewise it will affect the decision of the judge when he evaluates your production. Thousands of words have been written on this subject and they are available to you through textbooks and The Leaguer. Perhaps they can best be summarized by stating "Know thyself, thy students, and many plays; neither over­estimate nor under-estimate any of these." The first and a most important step in selection of the contest play is to be completely familiar with the rules. They appear in the last section of this Handbook. Rule 2 is especially important. Also included in the Handbook is an "Approved List of Plays." Procedures for re­questing permission to do a play not on this list or a cutting of a long play will be found in Rule 2. All decisions. pertaining to consideration of such plays are made by the League's Play Appraisal Committee. Disapproval of a script is usually due to (1) a morbid or sordid theme (2) an unwholesome plot or subject (3) its being badly written and offering insufficient challenge ( 4) violation of rules governing the selection of plays. During the history of the One-Act Play Contest few farces or plays with plots dealing primarily with teenagers have won contests. Trag­edies, serious comedies, and plays written in the fantasy style have been more frequent winners. The Interscholastic League is committed to a policy of encouraging the use of high quality plays by Texas high schools. Use of well­ written scripts will result in more effective play production and in­ creased respect for the educational theatre. In keeping with this policy the League supports and approves the Play Sel ection Policy adopted by the American Educational Theatre Association, the Southwest Theatre Conference, and the Texas Educational Theatre Association. Decisions of the Play Appraisal Committee concerning permission to produce plays published by firms not endorsed by these Associations will be governed by provisions of the policy. Copies of it may be ob­ tained from the League Director of Drama. The Drama Loan Library is maintained primarily to assist Texas play directors in the selection of their scripts. The library contains approximately 20,000 volumes and includes most of the long and short plays of the major publishers. They may be borrowed by any faculty member of a Texas school system for a period of two weeks. The school with which the borrower is affiliated is held responsible for all borrowed materials. No one from that school may borrow further materials until the original order is properly cleared. With each pack· age is enclosed a sheet of instructions which gives complete details concerning the handling of the materials. Perhaps the best way to choose plays to read is to secure catalogues of the publishers, and after reading their descriptions, order from the Drama Loan Library those titles which seem to fit your cast and situation. The addresses of the endorsed play publishers are found in the Approved List of Plays. These publishers furnish free catalogues upon request. Plays should be ordered by title. Planning Meetings The District One-Act Play Contest is administered and conducted by the District Executive Committee. In order that this committee may have the benefit of your training and experience as a play director, and that you may have an opportunity to participate in planning the contest, you are urged to hold a play contest planning meeting. It should be scheduled as early as possible and before the District Ex­ecutive Committee meets to make plans for the Spring Contests. Each year the State Office asks one school in the district to provide a chairman, usually the director of the contest play, for the planning meeting. He then schedules the affair and notifies other schools in his district. This chairman is not the District Contest Manager. His job is to arrange the planning meeting only. These are some of the items which should appear on the agenda of the planning meeting: 1. Dates of the district one-act play contest: The date should not conflict with other spring events. Check League calendar for dates which may be used. 2. Time of contest: Depending upon the number of schools entering the con­test, arrange a time for performances which will insure the largest possible audience. Leave ample time after the contest for the expert critic judge to present a full critique of all plays. 3. Contest site: Recommend selection of a site where a school or college has the best possible rehearsal and production facilities. A good stage for con­test plays is of greater importance than a fine anditorinm. Selection of the Contest Manager may be recommended when discussing site. 4. The contest judge: Recommend that only one expert critic judge whose name is on the State Office "Accredited List of Critic Judges" be used. If more than one judge must be employed, select five or more. 5. Financing the contest: Recommend a method of paying expenses. Charging admission, collection of an entry fee from participating schools, or both methods are suggested. 6. Promotion of the One-Act Play Contest in the district: Discuss ways to se­cure participation of all district schools, discuss means of improving qual­ity of production, submit general as well as specific recommendations or suggestions to the District Executive Committee and send copies to the League Director of Drama. The Contest Eligibility Notice: An Eligibility Notice is mailed from the State Office to each one-act play director who submitted a Title Entry Card. The Eligibility Notice is an important form serving ( 1) to certify the eligibility of the play selected by the school; (2) to certify that par­ticipating students are eligible; (3) to describe stage properties re­quired for the play; (4) to provide program copy for the contest manager; and (5) to indicate the length of performance for prepara­tion of the contest schedule. No play may be presented in contest unless the Eligibility Notice has been submitted to the contest director general. In the event the Eligibility Notice is lost, call the State Office immediately so that an­other one can be issued. Take with you: (1) Costumes, make-up, and sound effects needed and authorized by League rules; (2) only those set pieces, if any, specifically approved by the State Office; ( 3) all hand and stage prop· erties not available at the contest site; (4) evidence of royalty pay­ment; (5) when applicable, publisher's approval to do cutting of a long play. Arrival at contest site: Upon your arrival at the theatre, advise the contest manager in order that he can give you information about the rehearsals and the contest. Rehearsal time: The Contest Manager will allow as much time as possible to rehearse on the st'age. It is usually unnecessary to have a complete rehearsal, but you need time enough to become accustomed to the auditorium, lights, size of stage, etc. It is imperative that you observe time limits. Every cast deserves its full turn on the stage prior to the contest. Conduct: You are specifically responsible for the conduct of your company. Instruct your students of the prime importance of courtesy and consideration for other visiting students, for the local crews and contest managers, and for the critic judge. Each company should be advised about the proper care of stage equipment, properties, and dressing rooms belonging to the host school. Remember that your actors may not be prompted by anyone in the off-stage or back-stage areas during a performance and that you will not be permitted in these areas after the curtain rises on your show. The Performance: Allow the host stage and prop crews time to set the stage before bringing your cast on stage. Be prepared to come to the stage for performance when called by the stage manager. After the performance the cast should leave the stage immediately, and the crew should strike all hand props and costumes. Actors should remove all make-up and costumes before going into the house to see other plays. The Decision: Accepting the judge's decision requires a graciousness on the part of the "winners" as well as the "losers." Receiving a first place award in the one-act play contest is no reason for a display of boisterous or riotous demonstration. Applause is the acceptable method to pay tribute in the theatre. One aspect of your task as a director is to so instruct your students. The Critique: The play contest is a creative, culturally enriching event and the desire to improve by comparison is one of the principal reasons why students and directors participate. Thus, receiving the comments of the critic judge becomes as definite a part of the contest as does the performance. To miss this educationally important aspect of play competition denies your company a benefit which it has earned and to which it is entitled. Failure to participate in the critique is evidence of immaturity and bad sportsmanship. You owe it to your company and to your own efforts to listen to what the judge may say; you have no right to offer an opinion contrary to his when you have not heard his full critique. So, You Won the Contest If your play is awarded first place in the district, area, or regional contest, there are certain steps you must take immediately. You will be presented with a winner's envelope by the Contest Manager {ask for it, if he fails to give it to you). In the envelope will be another Eligibility Notice which you are to fill in completely and send to the director-general of the next higher contest. Your principal will know the address if the contest manager does not have the information. The items as described above apply equally to all other play con­tests. Plan thoroughly, prepare fully, and check carefully all items before a contest This is a wonderfully worthwhile event in the lives of your company. An Approved List of One-Act Plays for Contest Title, Author, Publisher Type Royalty Cast A ffel'!ed Young Ladies, The, l\foliere, French Comedy Non·R 6M-3W Afterwards, l,eraldinio Mc Gaughan, French Drama $5 3M-IW Am<>rican Family, An, Fred Eastman, French Drama SS 4M-4W Anastasia I Recognition S1·e1w), Marcelle Maurette, Frenr:h Orama $10 2W And Sikntly Steal Away, Pattf'rson and Mitchell, French Comedy S5 2M-3W Angels Don't Marry, Ryerson and Clements, French Comedy $5 IM-2W Antic Spring, Robert Nail, French Comedy $5 3M-3W Apollo of Bellac, The Jean Giraudoux, French Comedy $25 9M-3W* Aria Da Capo, Edna St. Vincent Millay, Baker & French Fantasy $15 4M-lW At Night All Cats Are Gray, Robert (:arland, French Comedy $5 3M-1W Raid Soprano, The, Eugene Ionesco, French Comedy $IS 3M-3W Bathroom Door, The, Gertrude Jennings, French Comedy $5 3M-3W Bauble for Baby, A, E. P. Conkle, French Comedy $5 1M-3W Bishor's Candlesticks, The, Norman McKinnel, French Drama SS 3M-2W Boor, The, Anton Chekhov, French Comedy Non-R 2M-1Wx Box and Cox, John Morton, French & Baker Comedy Non-R 2:\1-lW Brilliant Performance, Marjorie Allen, French Comedy $5 4W Brown in~ Version, The, Terrance Rattigan, French Drama $20 SM-2W Brute, The, Anton Chekhov, Frenl'h Comedy 85 2M-1Wx Bumbo the Clown, Lawrence Gibson, French Fantasy $5 3M-lW Cabbages, Edward Staadt, French Comedy SS 3M-4W Call Mc Mac, Theodore St. John Cox, Baker Drama $5 4M-2W Case of the Crushed PetnniaR, Tennessee Williams, Oram. Play '3erv. Fantasy SlO 2M-2W Chairs, The, Eugene Ionesco, French Drama $15 2M-1W China-Handled Knife, A, E. P. Conkle, French Comedy SS 6M-4W Circnmstanr-es Alter Cases, Ruth GiorlofT, Fr1:nd1 Comedy SS 2M-3W Clod, The, Lewis Beach, French Drama $10 4M-1W Columbine iliadonna, Glenn Hughes, Baker Fantasy 85 4M-IW Cooks' Detour, l\fonte Kleban, French Courting of Marie Jenvrin, The, Gwen Pharis Ringwood, French Curtain, Colin Clements, French Dancers, The, Horton Foote, Dram. Play Serv. Dark Brown, Philip Johnson, French Dawn Will Come, David Weinstock, French Dear Departed, The, Stanley Houghton, French Death of the Hired Man, The, Jay Reid Gould, Orm. Pub. Co. Devil and Daniel Webster, The, Stephen Benet, Orm. Play Service Devil on Stilts, Ryerson and Clements, French Devil's Cuspidor, The, Beatrice La Force, McKay Double Date, Florence Ryerson, French Dust of the Road, Kenneth Goodman, Baker Eariy Frost, Douglass Parkhirst, French Enchanted Night, Glenn Hughes, Dram. Play Serv. Farce of the Worthy Master Pierre Patelin, The, Moritz Jagendorf, Baker Finders-Keepers, George Kelly, French Finger of God, The, Percival Wilde, Baker First Class Matter, Rachel Field, French Five in Judgment, Douglas Taylor, Dram. Play Serv. Fixin's, Paul and Erma Green, French Flattering Word, The, George Kelly, French Florist Shop, The, Winifred Hawridge, Baker Footfalls, Brainerd Duffield, Dram. Pub. Co. Four Hundred Nights, Jack Knapp, Baker Frogs, The, Aristophanes, Adapted by I. E. Clark, Stage Magic, Box 246, Schulenburg, Texas Game of Chess, The, Kenneth Goodman, French Gammer Gurton's Needle, Adapted by I. E. Clark, Stage l\fagic, Box 246, Schulenburg, Texas Good-Bye to the Clown, Ernest Kinoy, French Grand Cham's Diamond, Allan Monkhouse, Baker Granny's Little Cheery Room, E. P. Conkle, French Great Choice, The, Fred Eastman, French Happy Journey, The, Thornton Wilder, French Heritage of Wimpole Street, The, Rohert Knipe, Baker 'Tie, Eugene O'Neill, Dram. Play Scrv. Comedy Comedy Comedy Drama Drama Drama Comedy Drama Comedy Comedy Comedy Comedy Drama Drama Fantasy Comedy Drama Drama Comedy Drama Drama Comedy Comedy Drama Drama Comedy Drama Comedy Comedy Comedy Comedy Drama Comedy Drama Drama SlO-SS 2M-2W SS SW SS Sl\I-2W SS ll\l-2W $1S 3M-7W SS 2M-SW $5 SM SS 3M-3W SS 6M-l\"'\I SS 3W $10-SS 2M-3W SS 3M-4W $10-SS 3M-1W SS SW SS SM-3W SS 41\I-lW $10 1M-2W SlO 2M-1W $S 2M-3W SlO 7.l'vl-lW SS 2M-1\V $10 2M-3W SlO 3l\!-2W $10-$S 7M-4W* SS SM-4W $10 81\1-4W* $10-$S 4M $10 6M-4W $S 3M-3W $S 3.\I-2W $S E\'l-3W $.5 4M-4W $10 3M-3W SS 2l\1-3W SlO SM-lW I'm A Fool, Christopher Sergei, Dram. Pub. Co. Comedy $10-$S 4M-4W Importance of Being Earnest, The, Oscar Wilde, Various Publishers Impromptu, Tad Mosel, Dram. Play Ser. In the Shadow of the Glen, J. M. Synge, French Informer, The, John McGreevey, Dram. Pub. Co. John Doe, Bernard V. Dryer, Baker Joint Owners in Spain, Alice Brown, Bake;­ Kitten in the Elm Tree, E. P. Conkle, French Ladil!s Alone, Ryerson and Clements, French Last of the Papier Mache Cupids, The, Cleve Haubold, French Lawyer of Springfield, The, Ronald Gow, Baker Leader of the People, The, Luella E. McMahon, Dram. Pub. Co. Lesson, The, Euµ:cnc Iones"o, French Lonesome-Like, Harold Brighorse, French Long Christmas Dinner, The, Thornton Wilder, French MaciJr-,th, William Shakespeare, Adapted by I. E. Clark, Staµ:e i\faµ:ic, Box 246, Schulenburg, Tex. Maker of Dreams, The, Oliphant Down, French !\Tan in the Bowler Hat, The, A. A. Milne, French Marriage Proposal, The, Anton Chekhov, French Married at Sunrise, John Kirkpatrick, French J\·1innie Field, E. P. Conkle, French Mi1111et A, Luis Parker, French Mooncalf Mugford, Duffield & Leary, Drm. Pub. Co. Moonshine, Arthur Hopkins, French Mr. F., Percival Wilde, French Mr. Flannery's Ocean, Lewis John Carlino, Dram. Play Ser. My Last Duchess, H. K. Bannerman, Drm. Pub. Co. Nciµ:hho1.,,, The, Zona Gale, French & Baker Nine Lives of Emily, The, John Kirkpatrick, French 'Nitiated, The, E. P. Conkle, French No 'Count Boy, The, Paul Green, French Noble l.or