TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW VOL. XLII, NO. 1, JANUARY 1968 
Editor, Stanley A. Arbingast; Associate Editor, Robert H. Ryan; Managing Editor, Graham Blackstock 
Editorial Board: Stanley A. Arbingast, Chairman; John R. Stockton; Francis B. May; Robert H. Ryan; Graham Blackstock 
CONTENTS 
ARTICLES 
1: 	THE BUSINESS SITUATION IN TEXAS, by John R. Stockton 
4: 	ALPINE, TEXAS, AND THE BIG BEND COUNTRY, by Robert 
B . Williamson 
9: 	CONSTRUCTION REVIEW, NOVEMBER, by Francis B. May 
TABLES 
2: 	
BUSINESS-ACTIVITY INDEXES FOR 20 SELECTED TEXAS CITIES 

2: 	
PRELIMINARY ESTIMATES OF TOTAL RETAIL SALES 

2: 	
SELECTED BAROMETERS OF TEXAS BUSINESS 


3: 	HOURS AND EARNINGS IN TEXAS 
9: 	ESTIMATED VALUES OF BUILDING AUTHORIZED IN TEXAS 
11 : 	BUILDING AUTHORIZED IN TEXAS-SELECTED CITIES 
12: 	LOCAL BUSINESS CONDITIONS BAROMETERS OF TEXAS BUSINESS (inside back cover) 
CHARTS 
1: 	TEXAS BUSINESS ACTIVITY 
2 : 	CONSUMER PRICES IN THE UNITED STATES 

9 : 	POPULATION, ALPINE, TEXAS 


10: 	
BUILDING AUTHORIZED IN TEXAS 

10: 	
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING AUTHORIZED IN TEXAS 

10: 	
NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDING AUTHORIZED IN TEXAS 


MAP 
5: 	LOCATION OF ALPINE IN RELATION TO MAJOR POINTS IN THE TRANS-PECOS REGION OF WEST TEXAS 
PHOTOGRAPHS 
4: 	ALPINE, TEXAS, VIEWED FROM THE CAMPUS OF SUL ROSS STATE COLLEGE 
6: 	CHISOS MOUNTAINS, BIG BEND NATIONAL PARK 
7: 	VIEW OF THE DAVIS MOUNTAINS, OVERLOOKING THE SMALLER OBSERVATORY OF THE W. J. McDONALD OBSER­VATORY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS 
8: 	OFFICERS' QUARTERS AND PARADE GROUND, FORT DAVIS NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 
BUREAU OF BUSINESS RESEARCH 
Director : John R. Stockton 
Associate Director and Resources Specialist: Stanley A. Arbingast Assistant to the Director: Florence Escott Consulting Statistician: Francis B. May Administrative Assistant: Cynthia Bettinger Research Associates: Charles 0. Bettinger, Graham Black­
stock, Dennis W. Cooper, Willetta Dement, Carl A. Faulk­ner, Ida M. Lambeth, Robert M . Lockwood, Robert H. Ryan, Elizabeth R. Turpin, Robert B. Williamson 
Research Assistants: Claire S . Howard, Robert E. Leonard 
Statistical Assistants: Mildred Anderson, Constance Cool­edge, Margaret Tannich 
Statistical Technicians: Doris Dismuke, Mary Gorham Cartographers: Janet Winter, Douglas Winters, Jr. Librarian: Merle Danz 
Administrative Secretary: Phyllis Parks Senior Secretary: Carolyn Harris Senior Clerk Typists: Sandra Hooper, Danielle Powers, 
Sally Yankee 
Senior Clerk: Salvador B. Macias 
Clerical Assistants: James A. Donaho, Mary Susan Muzny, Stephen W. Nolen, Martha Wilkes 
Offset Press Operators: Robert Dorsett, Daniel P. Rosas 
Published monthly by the Bureau of Business Research, Graduate School of Business, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712. 
Second-class postage paid at Austin, Texas, and at an additional office in Houston, Texas. Content of this publication is not copyrighted and may be reproduced freely, but acknowledgment of source will be appreciated. The views expressed by authors are not necessarily those of the Bureau of Business Research. Subscription, $3.00 a year; individual copies, 25 cents. 
The Bureau of Business Research is a member of the Associated University Bureaus of Business and Economic Research. 
THE BUSINESS SITUATION IN TEXAS 

John R. Stockton 
The trend of Texas business continued upward in No­vember, with a rise of 2 percent in the index of business activity constructed by the Bureau of Business Research from data on bank debits collected by the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas. Of checks written, the total volume, after the total has been adjusted for changes in prices and for the regularly recurring seasonal movements, is considered a good measure of the level of business activity in the state. This index has been rising consistently throughout 1967 except for a sharp September decline that followed an unusually large increase in August. The chart below shows that except for this erratic movement business volume in Texas has continued to climb throughout the first eleven months of the year. The average of the first eleven months of 1967 was 11 percent above the average for the same period of 1966, and the November index was 16 percent above that of the same month last year. 
The strong rise for the year registered by the business index is the result of increases in practically all segments of Texas business. The strongest rise in activity for all major phases of business has been in the construction in­dustry. November building permits were 14 percent above those for October, and the first 11 months of 1967 were 18 percent greater than in the same period of 1966. The building industry was the only major segment of Texas business to suffer severely from credit restrictions in 1966, and the value of permits issued in 1967 indicates that the industry has recovered, with building activity exceeding all previous years. Residential building was hit particular­ly hard by the credit shortage, but it apppears that hous­ing starts to date this year have been large enough to make up most of the losses suffered in 1966. 

Nonresidential building in 1966 did not suffer greatly from the shortage of credit, and permits issued in that year were at an all-time high. November 1967 nonresi­dential permits were valued at 12 percent more than in the same period of 1966, and the first eleven months of this year were 20 percent ahead of a year ago. 
Consumer spending at retail stores in Texas during November totaled $1,497 million, an increase of 2 percent from October without allowance for seasonal variation. This was a better performance than the usual seasonal behavior, for after this adjustment ·the increase over October was 8 percent. November 1967 retail sales were 6 percent ahead of the same month a year ago, and the first eleven months of 1967 were 4 percent ahead of the same period of last year. 
Consumers in Texas increased their spending more in November than consumers in the remainder of the coun­try. After adjustment for seasonal variation retail sales in the United States were only 4 percent above last Novem­ber's, and only 1.5 percent larger than October sales. Re­tail sales for the first eleven months of 1967 were 3 per­cent ahead of the same period of a year ago for the United States, a gain which also was less than the in­crease in retail sales in Texas for the same period. 
Nondurable-goods stores in Texas reported better busi­ness after adjustment for seasonal variation than was reported by durable-goods stores. Automotive stores re­ported a 1-percent increase from October, and also an increase of 1 percent for the year to date. Lumber, build­ing-material, and hardware dealers reported an increase of 3 percent. Sales of all durable-goods stores declined 1 percent from October, but were 8 percent larger than 
TEXAS BUSINESS ACTIVITY 
INDEX-ADJUSTED FOR SEASONAL VARIATION-1957-59 = 100 
250 
250 
200
200 
150
150 
100
100 
50 
50 
0
0 


JANUARY 1968 
P R ELIMINARY ESTIMATES OF TOTAL RETAIL SALES 

CONSUMER PRICES IN THE UNITED STATES Percent change 
INDEX-ADJUSTED FOR SEASONAL VARIATION-19S7·S9 =100 Nov 
Nov 1967 Nov 1967 Jan-Nov 1967 

350 ~.......~~~:.;;:::..;;:.;..=:.,..-......,~~~...,....~.,.....~,..---.~-r~-.--, 350 1967p* 

from from from Type of store (millions of dollars) Oct 1967 Nov 1966 Jan-Nov 1966 300 300 Total .......... . . ....1,497.0 + 2 + 6 + 4 250 250 Durable goods# . . . . . . 576.0 -2 + 8 +2 Nondurable goods . . . . 921.0 + 4 + 4
+ 
200 200 
p Preliminary. 
• Bureau of Business Research estimates based on data from the Bureau 
150 150 

of the' Census. # Contains automotive stores, furniture stores, and lumber, building­
100 100 
material, a nd hardware dealers. 
50 50 

months of 1967 consumption was 8 percent ahead of the same period in 1966. Another measure of this sector of 
1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 196.4 1965 1966 1967 

the economy of Texas is provided by the index of in­
NOTE: Shaded area• indicate period• of decline o! total bu9ine•• activity in the United State•. 

dustrial production compiled by the Federal Reserve 
Bank of Dallas. This measure increased-percent in sales a year earlier. The sales for' the first eleven months November, and for the year to date was-percent above of 1967 were 2 percent ahead of those for the same the same period of last year. Industrial activity in Texas period a year ago. has shown greater gains over a year ago than have been 
registered for the country as a whole. Texas manufac­Sales of nondurable-goods stores, on the other hand, turing industry is making substantial contribution to theafter adjustment for seasonal variation, increased 11 per­production of war materials, a factor which could account cent between October and November and were 5 percent for some of the divergence in the trends of the two series. 
higher than a year ago. In comparison with the first The increased demand for Texas oil resulting from theeleven months of last year, 1967 sales were up 4 percent. 

war in the Middle East has increased production of bothFood stores, after adjustment for seasonal variation, crud'.) and refinery runs, with the result that the firstshowed an increase of 8 percent from October; apparel ten months of this year have been 7 percent ahead of thestores also increased 5 percent; gasoline stations in­same period last year for crude oil and 4 percent for runscreased 36 percent; general merchandise stores as a group 
to stills. 
increased 9 percent, while department stores reported a somewhat greater increase. Sales of the "all other" group increased 9 percent. Of all the major categories of SELECTED BAROMETERS OF TEXAS BUSINESS 
(Indexes -Adjusted for seasonal variation -1957-59 = 100) 

retail stores, eating and drinking places reported the smallest increase, which amounted to 1 percent. Percent change Year-t<>-date 
Industrial activity in Texas, as measured by industrial average 
Year-to-date Nov 1967 1967 
power consumption, increased 6 percent in November in Nov Oct average from from 
Index 1967 1967 1967 Oct 1967 1966

comparison with October. The November level was also 

Texas business activity
6 percent above that of a year ago, but for the first eleven 205.1 200.8 193.7 + + 11 
Crude-petroleum 
production . . . . . . . . . 113.7. 114.2 • 111.1 •• 

+ 

Crude-oil runs to stills.129.6 130.2 124.8 .. 
BUSINESS-ACTIVITY INDEXES FOR 20 SELECTED TEXAS CITIES + 
T otal electric-power
(Adjusted for seasonal variation -1957-59 = 100) 
use ............. ...213.9 • 200.0. 206.6 

+ 7 + 

Industrial electr ic-Percent change 
power use . . .... . . . 195.9 • 185.0 • 186.6 6 8

Year-to-date + + 
average Bank debits ... ....... 217.6 213.0 205.4 + + 11 

Year-to-date Nov 1967 1967 Ordinary-life-insurance 
Nov Oct average from f r om 

sales ..............238.6 218.0 195.9 


Index 1967 1967 1967 Oct 1967 1966 + + 
Building construction Abilene . .. .... . . .. 135.5 127.0 137.7 7 4 authorized ....... . . 209.5 160.7 163.0 
+ + 30 + 20 
AmariJJo . . . .. .... 175.5 167.9 170.0 + + 2 New residential . . . 170.1 139.2 123.4 + 22 + 30 
Austin ........... 245.1 210.0 208.7 + 17 + 14 New nonresidential 264.3 201.9 229.1 + 31 + 15 
Beaumont ........190.4 192.6 188.1 1 

Total industrial 
Corpus Christi ... . 161.8 154. 7 143.5 + + production ........ . 160.1 • 159.1 • 156.0 + +Corsicana ... .. ... .156.4 136.7 
+ 5 

151.0 + 14 Miscellaneous freight
+

Dallas ............ 243.4 246.5 225.9 1 + 15 carloadings in El Paso ..... ... . . 129.8 136.4 132.8 
+ 8 s.w. district 83.1 81.0 82.2 ••
+

Fort Worth .. . .. . . 166.2 158.3 148.0 5 Total nonfarm
+ +

Galveston ......... 114.3 117.5 116.8 3 + employment .... . . . 132.9 • 132.4 • 131.1 •• 5

+

Houston .... . . . . .. 220.0 223.4 209.0 2 + 12 Ma nufacturing Laredo .. . . . 211.1 196.7 
193.6 + 7 + 13 em ployment .. . . .. . . 135.4 . 135.0. 133.2 •• +Lubbock .... . . ....137.8 

152.0 159.5 9 + 1 Total unemployment .. 76.6 67.4 73.7 + 14 7 
Port Arthur . . . . . . 107.9 113.3 111.8 5 .. Insured unemployment . 48.0 49.9 49.0 4 9 San Angelo ..... .. 142.5 148.4 145.0 4 3 Average weekly 
+ 

San Antonio . . ....194.3 176. 7 171.8 + 10 + 6 earnings-Texarkana ...... .. 224.1 21 0.3 211.8 
+ 7 + 20 manufacturing .. . . 132.2 . 131.6 • 128.8 .. +Tyler .......... ...152.1 144.6 
147.7 + 5 + 4 Average weekly hours-Waco ... ........ . . 162.5 
160.5 158.8 + 1 + 6 manufacturing .... .100.6. 100.5 • 101.0 •• Wichita Falls .... .134.9 132.3 132.5 ? 
• Prelim inary ·i
.. 
Change is Jess than one half of 1 percent. + 2 •• Change is Jess than one half of 1 percent :) 

Agriculture is an important segment of the Tex4s econ­omy, and as the end of the year approaches i~ is im­portant to review the level of farm income. Because of the devastating effects of Hurricane Beulah on the Texas citrus-fruit crop, information on its status is particularly important at this time. The U. S. Department of Agri­culture estimates Texas grapefruit production to be 1,700,000 boxes compared to the 1966 production of 5,­600,000 boxes and an average for the years 1961-1965 of 1,814,000 boxes. 
The full effect of the reduced crop of Texas citrus fruit has apparently not yet been felt, for this year's ship­ments of both oranges and grapefruit to date are ahead of those of last year. Shipments of grapefruit through November 26, 1967, according to the Texas Citrus Mu­tual Newsletter, totaled 521,000 cartons, compared to 468,000 at the same date in 1966. Shipments of oranges through November 26, 1967, totaled 516,000 cartons, com­pared to 478,000 cartons a year earlier. It was estimated by th3 same source, however, that supplies of grapefruit are insufficient to last through February at the average shipping rate of one hundred ears per week. (A carload equals 1,000 cartons.) Twenty-six percent of the esti­mated crop has been shipped to date compared with 11 percent at the same date last season. According to the '.texas Valley Citrus Committee figures only · 348 carloads 
early oranges remain. 

, .... .'!:xcept for the cirtus-fruit crop, total production of . ultural commodities is expected to be about equal to · ~-t of 1966. However, the reduced prices received by 
farmers will result in a reduced gross income to farmers. Prices received by farmers in Texas in November rose 5 percent from the October level, but for the first eleven months of 1967 averaged 8 percent below prices during the same period of 1966. While prices received by farm­ers dropped, prices paid by farmers averaged 3 percent higher in 1967 than in 1966. 
The complete picture of business in 1967 cannot be drawn until the data for all twelve months are available, but on the basis of the first eleven months it appears that 1967 will have been a very good year. In looking ahead to 1968 it is necessary to look outside of Texas for clues, since it appears likely that forces from outside the state will be of overwhelming importance. Texas indus­trial expansion depends to a very high degree on the capital-expenditure plans of manufacturing concerns in all parts of the United States. For this reason, informa­tion on expected outlays for new plant and equipment is of vital importance in evaluating the future trend in Texas business. 
The most recent survey by the Department of Com­merce and the Securities and Exchange Commission re­ports that business investment in new plant and equipment in the fourth quarter of 1967 will be at an annual rate of $62 billion, compared to an annual rate of $60.9 billion in the third quarter. If the fourth quarter reaches the ex­pected level, it will be the first increase this year, since the first three quarters showed small declines. The survey forecasts that the rising trend will continue into 1968, with a first-quarter annual rate of $65 billion. 
(concluded next page) 

HOURS AND EARNINGS IN TEXAS 
Average weekly earnings  Average weekly hours  Average hour ly earnings  
Industry#  Nov• 1967  Oct 1967  Nov 1966  Nov "' 1967  Oct 1967  Nov 1966  Nov• 1967  Oct 1967  Nov 1966  

Manufacturing ­total ............ .. . . . .. . ..• . .  $113.98  $113.42  $109.78  41.6  41.7  41.9  $2.74  $2.72  S2.62  
Durable goods .. ....... . .. . ... . . . .... • . .......  117.46  116.89  113.63  42.1  42.2  42.4  2.79  2.77  2.68  
Lumber and wood products ...... . .. . .... . . .  84.36  83.60  75.68  44.4  44.0  43.0  1.90  1.90  1.76  
Furniture and fixtures ... . . .. . ..... . . . . .... .  84.80  84.02  76.44  40.0  40.2  39.4  2.12  2.09  1.94  
Stone. clay, and g lass products ....... . . •. . . . .  96.23  95.30  95.69  41.3  41.8  43.3  2.33  2.28  2.21  
Primary-metal products . . .. .. . . . . .. . .. . . .. .  128.43  129.37  128.13  40.9  41.2  41.6  3.14  3. 14  3.08  
Fabricated-metal products .......... .. ... . • .  115.18  117.02  115.10  42.5  42.4  43.6  2.71  2.76  2.64  
Machinery, except electrical  121.12  119.84  119.57  42.8  42.8  43.8  2.83  2.80  2.73  
Oil-field m achinery ... . ...... . . . . .. .. ... . .  130.42  128.17  126.59  42.9  42.3  43.5  3.04  3.03  2.91  
Tra nsportation equipment .. . .. . .• .  146.02  143.05  144.48  43.2  42.7  43.0  3.38  3.35  3.36  
Nondurable goods .... .. . . ..... . ...•..........  110.15  110.00  104.65  41.1  41.2  41.2  2.68  2.67  2.54  
Food a nd kindred pr oducts ..... . ... . .. . . .. .  98.09  96.67  92.57  42.1  42.4  41. 7  2.33  2.28  2.22  
Meat products . ... ......... . .. . •. . ...• . . •.  101.94  103.63  99.10  42.3  43.0  42.9  2.41  2.41  2.31  
Textile-m ill products . .. . ............... .  82.13  81.89  78.77  43.0  43.1  44.5  1.91  1.90  1.77  
Brcad·woven.fabric mills ...... . ....... . . . .  84.71  85.46  80.26  43.0  43.6  44.1  1.97  1.96  1.82  
Apparel and other finished textile products ... .  67.76  65.57  61.70  38.5  37.9  39.3  1.76  I.73  1.57  
Paper and allied products .. . . . . .. . . .. .. .  125.55  125.27  119.82  43.9  43.8  43.1  2.86  2.86  2.78  
Printing, publishing, and allied industries .. . .  111.45  109.79  105.69  38.3  37.6  39.0  2.91  2.92  2.71  
Chemicals and allied products .... . . . .. . ... .. .  150.30  150.36  149.64  42.1  42.0  43.0  3.57  3.58  3.48  
Petroleum refining and related industries .. .. .  158.80  161.36  148.10  41.9  42.8  40.8  3.79  3.77  3.63  
Leather and leather products ..... . ....... . . . .  70.56  69.14  67.04  42.0  41.9  42.7  1.68  1.65  1.57  
Non m a nufactur ing  
Mining  139.20  140.48  133.42  42.7  42.7  42.9  3.26  3.29  3.11  
Crude petroleum a nd natural gas . ....• . . . .. ..  141.34  142.38  135.36  42.7- 42.5  42.7  3.31  3.35  3.17  
Sulphur ..... . ........... . .. . . . ... . . .. .... .  152.28  153.94  151.08  42.3  43.0  42.8  3.60  3.58  3.53  
Public utilities ... . ..... . . .. .. .. . . . ... . . .... . .  120.88  121.80  112.20  40.7  40.6  40.8  2.97  3.00  2.75  
W holesale trade .... . ...... . .•..•.. .. . .. ..... • .  114.38  115.40  108.46  43.0  42.9  42.7  2.66  2.69  2.54  
Retail t rade  75.04  74.10  69.74  37.9  38.0  37.9  1.98  1.95  1.84  

• Preliminary, subject to revision upan receipt of additional reports. 
# 	Data cover wage and salary workers only. Source : Texas Employment Commission. 
(J 
<i
JANUARY 1968 


BOUN°0 JAN1970 

ALPINE, TEXAS, AND THE BIG BEND COUNTRY* 
Robert B. Williamson 
The Setting in Space and Time 
The Big Bend country is in the Trans-Pecos area of West Texas, approximately 350 miles by highway west of San Antonio. As its name suggests, the region fills the big bend in the course of the Rio Grande where it turns south and then north in the pattern of a giant letter U. The city of Alpine, which is the economic capital of the Big Bend country, is situated in the northcentral part of the region. 
The Big Bend country, defined here for statistical pur­poses as the three counties of Brewster, Jeff Davis, and Presidio, is a large, sparsely settled region. In area it is about as large as the states of Connecticut and Rhode Island combined. Its total population is around 14,500 people, with approximately 5,500 of the total residing in Alpine. 
The region's present economic development dates main­ly from the coming of the railroad in the 1880's. How­ever, American ranchers had begun limited settlement of the region by the middle of the nineteenth century, and the first explorations by white men had been con­siderably earlier. The Spaniard Cabeza de Vaca and his expedition, who were in Texas in 1535 after the wreck of their ship off the Texas coast, may have been the first white men in the area. The Spanish, however, never did much settling of the region. The closest Spanish settle­ments of consequence in this part of the world were in Central Texas, New Mexico, and northern Mexico. 
Indian raids were a feature of the history of the Big Bend area from the mid-1700's until about 1880. Most of the earliest raiding parties were Comanches who passed 
•For 	the full report of the study on which this article is based, see Robert B. Williamson, Alpine, Texas : Capital of the Big Bend Country (Austin: Bureau of Business Research, The Universityof Texas, 1967). 
(continued from page 3) 
Capital expenditures have a strong effect on business activity, and if the expected increases are realized the expansion in business activity will be substantial. The effect will be felt in Texas industry, and these effects will be transmitted to all sectors of the economy. 
The information for November indicates that the year 1967 will be a good one for Texas business, but the events of recent months raise the threat of an inflationary ex­pansion in coming months. Rising consumer prices are shown in the accompanying chart. It seems reasonable to conclude that if a tax increase is not voted soon, the re­sult will be a continued availability of a large amount of purchasing power to consumers. Whatever the federal deficit amounts to at the end of this fiscal year, it is certain to be large by any standards. Wages are rising faster than increases in productivity and are thus con­tributing to the pressures toward still higher prices. The devaluation of the British pound has added still more uncertainties and raises further fears of inflation. Busi­ness in Texas seemingly will continue to be good; the greatest worry is that it may expand too fast. 

through the unsettled Big Bend area on their way from their homes in the Texas and Oklahoma Panhandle regions to raid Spanish settlements in the Rio Grande Valley and northern Mexico. Later, Apaches and Comanches be­came a serious menace to the growing number of Amer­icans traveling west through the area after the discovery of gold in California in 1849. Indian trouble led in 1854 to the establishment of Fort Davis, twenty-six miles from the location of Alpine, and, during the same general period, to the building of other army forts to protect the San Antonio-El Paso trail. The Comanches finally were defeated in 1874-1875 in the Red River War. The Mesca­lero Apaches, under Chief Victorio, were defeated in 1880, when Victorio was driven by army troops into Mexico, where he was killed by the Mexicans. Another Apache chief, Alsate, died in the Chisos Mountains of the Big Bend in 1882, and the Indian troubles were over. 
The development of trade between the United States and Mexico over the Santa Fe and Chihuahua trails, the admission of Texas to the Union in 1845, the Mexican War of 1846-1848, and the discovery of gold in California in 1849 were major influences which encouraged early Anglo-American settlements in the Big Bend. The Mexican War added to the nation the territory comprising New Mexico, Arizona, and California. With Texas Rangers and United States soldiers to help provide some protection, the first significant settlement of American cattlemen began around 1848 and 1849. At this time the frontier of settle­ment by Americans in Texas was some miles to the east, near such towns as Austin, Fredericksburg, and San An­tonio. When the gold rush to California began in 1849 enterprising Texans promoted the southern route to California. Thousands of Americans crossed the Big Bend 

Figure 1. Alpine, Texas, viewed from the campus of 
Sul Ross State College. Courtesy Alpine Chamber of 
Commerce. 
area on the San Antonio-El Paso trail on their way west to California. Stagecoach service over the trail began as early as 1853. 
When railroad connections reached the area in 1882 the number of new settlers began to increase significantly. At about the same time cattlemen were being forced into the vicinity of Alpine by overcrowded range conditions to the east. Some herds were driven overland while others were shipped by rail into the area. 
The Southern Pacific Railroad line, which was com­pleted through West Texas in January 1883, passed through the site of Alpine, which at the time was little more than a boxcar and a railroad sign bearing the name Osborne. During 1883 the name of the site was changed to Murphyville, for Dan Murphy, who had leased his near­by spring to the railroad company. The developing town was renamed Alpine and incorporated in 1888. In addi­tion to the railroad, Alpine was to have a new coach route, the shorter road between San Antonio and Fort Davis (the route of the present U. S. Highway 90) that was built with the help of army troops before the closing of Fort Davis in 1891. 

Prior to 1885 citizens of Alpine, then Murphyville, at­tempted to have a part of the large Presidio County, organized in 1875 with the town of Fort Davis as county seat, cut off for a new county with their town as county seat. This attempt was unsuccessful, but in 1887 Brewster County, along with Jeff Davis County, was formed out of Presidio County, and Alpine became the county seat of Brewster County. Two other counties which had been formed out of Presidio County, Burchel and Foley, were absorbed into Brewster County in 1898. 
REPUBLIC OF MEXICO LEGEND ® U.S. Interstate Highway ~ U.S. Highway l!iJ State Highway [i!] Farm ar Ranch Raad 0 s 10 20 30 -40 so!wl I I I I I Scale of Miles  CARLSBAD CAVERNS  B IG BEND NATIONAL PARK I•I •  

Figure 2. Location of Alpine in relation to major points in the Trans-Pecos region of West Texas. JANUARY 1968 
Mining of various metals in the general area of the Big Bend dates back to the early 1880's. Mercury, or quick­silver, mining has been the most important metal pro­duction economically. Mercury mining began in the south of Brewster County shortly before 1900 and contributed a stimulus, which varied with the production levels, to the economic development of the region, until mercury prices dropped sharply after World War II, and the mines were closed. There have been intermittent renewals of interest and activity in the mercury mines, and there is a possibility that recent steps toward a return to large­scale operations can be maintained in the future. The out­put of other kinds of mining activity in Mexico has come into the United States through the Big Bend-zinc and lead during World War I and earlier, and fluorspar currently. 
Sul Ross College, the four-year state college opened 
at Alpine in 1920, has been a major factor in the local 
economy. A strong impetus to the tourist industry of the 
area was provided in 1944 by the establishment of the 
Big Bend National Park in the southern part of Brewster 
County. 
The Topography and Tourist Attractions of the Region 
Alpine, the economic center of the Big Bend country, although close to the southwestern edge of the plains regions of West Texas, is between the Davis Mountains to the northwest and several other mountain ranges to the southeast. Alpine itself has an altitude of 4,484 feet. The highest peaks in the general vicinity are Mount Livermore (also known as Baldy Peak) in the Davis Mountains, with a height of 8,382 feet above sea level, and Mount Emory, elevation 7,835 feet, in the Chisos Mountains of the Big Bend National Park. In addition to the moun­tainous areas large regions in the Big Bend country have topographies ranging from hilly to fairly flat. 
The major tourist attraction in the region is the 700,000­acre Big Bend National Park located approximately one hundred miles south of Alpine. There are several reasons why the Big Bend Park attracts increasing numbers of visitors, the principal ones being, perhaps, the charm of the area's contrasts and the stark, almost other-world beauty of the land. The terrain in the Park varies from arid desert to green mountains--dimate, vegetation, and 

Figure 3. Chisos Mountains, Big Bend National Park. Courtesy Texas Highway Department. 
wildlife changing with the terrain. Much of the Park has a badlands appearance, containing outcroppings of large boulders, rugged and steep bare-rock mountain and canyon walls and unusual land and rock forms created by ancient seas and volcanoes and by the continuing weathering of wind and water. Striking colors dramatize the park's rocks and canyon walls and the mountains across the Rio Grande in Mexico. The colors of some of the distant mountains change incredibly from rose, to brown, to red, to mother­of-pearl as the quality of the sunlight changes during the day from sunrise to sunset. 
In addition to the dramatic scenery, the Park provides a delightful climate as an attraction for visitors. Summers are cool in the mountain areas, while winters are mild in the lowlands along the Rio Grande. Activities available to the Park visitor include sightseeing trips by car to view mountains and canyons, hiking or horseback riding over mountain trails, visits to Park exhibits, and at­tendance at campfire gatherings, at which nature talks by Park rangers and other programs are presented. Addi­tional sightseeing attractions near the Park include ghost towns, such as the old mining town of Terlingua, and the scenic river road (Camino del Rio) extending along the Rio Grande west of the Park to the city of Presidio. 
A major ten-year development program for the Big Bend National Park was begun in 1956. Now the Park is well equipped with facilities, including hard-surfaced roads, marked trails, exhibits, utilities, lodges, campsites, dining places, stores, and gasoline service stations. New facilities completed in 1966 include a central lodge building in the Chisos Mountain Basin. The lodge contains a one-hundred­seat dining room, a coffee shop, a lobby, a lounge, and of­fices. Still further expansion of tourist accommodations is anticipated, and the Park Service plans a continuing pro­gram of general improvements and additions of roads, buildings, and exhibits during the next few years. A major Park expansion may eventually take place, if the hopes of some Park enthusiasts are realized in the establishment of a Mexican national park just across the Rio Grande, with free access between the two parks. 
Another tourist attraction in the region, thei Fort Davis National Historic Site, has shown a growing app2al to tourists. It is located at the present town of Fort Davis, twenty-six miles northwest of Alpine. The National His­toric Site was established in 1963 at the old military fort which had been operated as a base for the defense of the region against Indian attacks between 1854 and 1891. The Historic Site is administered by the National Park Service. It covers 447 acres and includes restored officers' quarters, troop barracks, warehouses, a hospital. and a chapel. Several means are used to provide visitors with a better appreciation of the history of the fort-a museum, movies about the fort, and a program featuring the soands of a military retreat that is broadcast over the parade ground at intervals throughout the day. 

Adjoining the Fort Davis National Historic Site is the Davis Mountains State Park. This 2,200-acre park has both lodge and camping facilities. A major program to improve and expand park facilities at a cost of more than $1 million was begun in 1966. Included in the program were new lodge units and a swimming pool at the hotel. Other improvements recently completed or under way in-elude a skyline drive and other new paved roads, new water-supply facilities, a new main-entrance office and interpretive center, new camping shelters, and new rest­room facilities. 
The University of Texas W. J . McDonald Observatory, on Mount Locke, sixteen miles north of Fort Davis, is another tourist attraction within the general vicinity of Alpine. The drive to the Observatory, located over one mile high in the Davis Mountains, is scenic, and an ex­panded program of tours of the Observatory itself now accommodates the increasing number of tourists. In addi­tion to the five daily tours provided visitors, a monthly night program enables visitors to view the stars through the Observatory's eighty-two-inch telescope, which is one of the larger telescopes in the world. A building program is under way at the Observatory, and tentative plans would provide for more frequent tours of the expanded facility and for a new visitors' gallery so that guests might see a new larger telescope in operation at night. 
Out of the Big Bend country on to the north beyond the Davis Mountains is the site of the planned Guadalupe Mountain National Park. Although this park will be over 150 miles from Alpine by the most direct highway route now available, its establishment will add to the attractive­ness of the overall area for tourists. The Guadalupe Moun­tain National Park will consist of about 75,000 acres and will include part of scenic McKittrick Canyon in the area 
Figure 4. View of the Davis Mountains, overlooking the smaller obs~rva~ory of the W. J. McDonald Observatory of The Uruvers1ty of Texas. Courtesy Texas Highway Department. 
JANUARY 1968 
Figure 5. Officers' quarters and parade ground, Fort 
Davis National Historic Site. Courtesy Texas Highway 
Department. 
of Guadalupe Peak and El Capitan. Part of this canyon already is in the nearby Carlsbad Caverns National Park in New Mexico. The 1966 federal legislation authorizing the new park set $12.l million as the initial limit for the Park's development, with $1.8 million to be used to acquire the land and the remainder for improvements. 
Several other public parks and recreational developments in the region will contribute to a growing tourist business for Alpine and the Big Bend country. The Balmorhea State Park, about 60 miles north of Alpine, has a very large walled outdoor swimming pool (over 68,000 square feet of surface) that is spring fed with constant-temperature water (about 72 degrees Fahrenheit). The Park has also a picnic area, a playground, horses for riding, sheltered camping areas, trailer sites, motel units, and a dining room. Another major water-recreation area accessible to the region will be the Amistad Reservoir, scheduled for completion around the end of 1968 and located on the Rio Grande about two hundred miles to the southeast of Alpine. Present plans call for the development of a national recreational area on the shores of the Amistad Reservoir. About twenty-five to thirty miles from the Amistad project in the direction of Alpine is the Judge Roy Bean Museum in Langtry. Another historic site closer to Alpine is old Fort Leaton, near Presidio, which was originally built as a mission in 1683. State officials have recom­mended that Fort Leaton be restored and maintained at state expense. Another proposed state project that would add to the region's general appeal to tourists is an exten­sion of the river road, Camino del Rio, west from Presidio past waterfalls, Capote Falls among them, and old frontier buildings to a point near El Paso. 

Greater access from the Big Bend region to Mexico and its tourist attractions should bring increasing num­bers of American tourists through the area and possibly encourage some reverse flow of Mexican tourists and shoppers to the Big Bend. In 1961 all rail links were com­pleted from the Mexican town of Ojinaga, across from Presidio, through the Sierra Madre Mountains of Mexico to the town of Topolobampo, on the Gulf of California. 
Pullman passenger trains leave Ojinaga twice a week, and the scenic trip is reported to be an increasingly popular tourist attraction. Completion of approved and proposed new roads in nearby areas of Mexico also will provide the Big Bend area with better access to Mexican points of interest. One road already under construction will go from Ojinaga southeast to the Mexican town of Musquiz, connecting with Federal Highway 57 to Mexico City. In addition, a new paved road is proposed for construction from Ojinaga either to Ciudad Chihuahua, capital of the Mexican state of Chihuahua, or direct to Camargo. The latter city is located southeast of Ciudad Chihuahua on Federal Highway 45 to Mexico City. 
Higher Education and Research and Other 
Major Economic Activities 

Education and research activities rank close to the tourist business in economic importance within the region. Sul Ross State College at Alpine, with an enrollment approaching 2,000 students, is clearly the most important economic factor in Alpine itself. 
Sul Ross is an accredited, state-supported, four-year, coeducational college, with a graduate program for mas­ter's degrees. It offers course work needed for teachers' certificates and for entrance to various kinds of profes­sional schools, and it offers academic degree programs in such fields as vocations (including range-animal science and industrial arts, for example), science, mathematics, languages, fine arts, social studies, business administra­tion, and teacher education. The college also offers a well-rounded program of extracurricular activities, both cultural and recreational. The College participates in intercollegiate competition in all major college sports, including intercollegiate rodeo competition. Sul Ross offers housing accommodations for both single students and mar­ried couples. The College has dormitories, cottages, and duplexes; in addition new privately owned apartments for married students are available on the edge of the campus. 
Astronomical research activities in the Davis Mountains north of Alpine and elsewhere in the area were expanding in 1967, and this growth tends to provide a measure of additional support to the economy of the general area. The expansion program at the W. J. McDonald Observatory. of The University of Texas has as its main objective the construction of a new separate dome to house a new 107­inch telescope: A 30-inch telescope also is being added at McDonald in addition to the 82-inch and 36-inch telescopes already there. Also being installed by The University of Texas as of early 1967 on the same Mount Locke was a 16-foot dish radio telescope. The radio telescope facilities were to provide tracking services for NASA. Harvard University also has radio telescope facilities in the general area. Still another radio telescope facility in the area is a radio telescope tracking system newly installed by The University of Texas on the Mitchell Flat about forty airline miles south of the McDonald Observatory. This sys­tem was installed on 34,000 acres of leased rangeland, and the rails or tracks for the facility reportedly were designed to extend seven miles in one direction and four and one-half miles in the other. This station will be en­gaged in astronomical studies in cooperation with the McDonald Observatory. 
Agriculture continues to be one of the major industries 

of the Alpine-Big Bend region, although it has declined 
in importance in recent years. The agriculture of the area 
consists mainly of cattle and sheep grazing on large 
ranches. The average-size ranch in the Big Bend is nearly 
19,000 acres and about two thirds of the ranches are at 
least 2,000 acres in size. Less than 5 percent of all the 
farms and ranches in Texas are as large as 2,000 acres. 
Comparison of populations illustrates the large scale of 
ranching in the Big Bend: while the human population 
of the region is about 14,500 persons, the cattle and calf 
population is nearly 100,000 head, and sheep and lambs are 
over 100,000 in number. 
Mining, principally for mercury, which had been im­

portant historically in the south of the Big Bend, has 
shown a renewal of activity within the past year. 
14 ,000 
...... 
,,....

12.000 
,,, 

10,000 
...... 
,,,,'"
,,

1 ,000 
..... 



,,,,, 
,
,,
..... 
.....
, 
4 ,000 4 ,000 
,,,.,,
1.000 
....
19.SO 1910 
Sourcu : U.S. lur•ou of the Ce 11t111 ond lure ou of lu1i11eu ll•uorch of The Uf'li•,..r1ity of Tu o1 ol Antin 
Figure 6. Population, Alpine, selected years 1920-1966, and projection to 1991. 
General Economic Outlook for Alpine, 
Capital of the Big Bend Country 

One of the principal objectives of the study upon which 
this article was based was to forecast Alpine population 
twenty-five years into the future. The resulting population 
forecast, which was derived from forecasts of employment 
in major industry groups, is shown in Figure 6. Re­
flected in the underlying employment forecasts is the 
expectation that Sul Ross College and the tourist trades 
and services will account for both the highest percentage 
gains and the largest absolute increases in total employ­
ment in Alpine. 
In general, prospects for the growth of Alpine's em­
ployment and population appear to be very good in com­
parison with past local trends and the prospects for future 
state and national growth. The optimistic outlook for Al­
pine also reflects a confidence in the economic future of the 
entire Big Bend country. In fact, the forecast presented 
is believed to reflect a conservative appraisal of the 
region's economic potential. The forecast might be re­
garded as representing a lower range of the growth 
possibilities if state and federal government policies con­
tinue in the future, as they have in the past, to support 
Sul Ross State College and the development of parks and 
other tourist attractions in the general region. 
JANUARY 1968 
CONSTRUCTION REVIEW, 
NOVEMBER 

Francis B. May 
Construction authorized in Texas rose strongly in No­vember for the second consecutive month. At 209.5 per­cent of its 1957-59 average monthly value the seasonally adjusted index was 30 percent above October and 65 per­cent above its September value. Strong demand and an adequate credit supply have lifted construction out of the doldrums induced by the credit crunch of 1966, which dropped the index to a low of 105.3 percent in December of that year. The current value of the index is 49 percent above that of November 1966. 
Increases in the value of building permits issued for nonresidential and residential construction added to the rise in total value of permits. The seasonally adjusted 
ESTIMATED VALUES OF BUILDING AUTHORlZED IN TEXAS 
Percent cha ng e  
Nov 1967  J a n-Nov 1967  Nov 1967 f rom  Jan-N ov 1967 from  
Classification  (thousands of dolla rs)  Oct 1967  J an-Nov 1966  

A L L  P E RMITS  ' ' ''''' ' 180.428  1,808,258  + 14  + 18  
New construction  ' ' ' ' ' 160,204  1,615.927  + 12  +  20  
Resident ia l  
(housekeeping)  ,, ,  77,1 61  776,045  +  5  + 27  
One-family  
dwellings  43,020  545,250  14  +  17  
Mult iple-family  
dwellings  34,141  230.795  + 46  +  60  
N onresident ial  
buildings  '' '  83.043  839,882  + 19  + 14  
H otels. m otels, and  
tourist  courts  ' '  8,564  33,783  +  55  +  95  
Amusement  
buildings  .... ..  1,866  16,075  15  52  
Chu rches  ·· ·· ····  3,480  35,243  +  36  9  
Indust ria l bu ildings  3,429  121,704  50  +  27  
Garages (com- 
mercial and  
private)  41 3  7,000  77  -46  
Ser vice  stations  ''  993  15,740  9  +  2  
H ospitals and  
institutions  ....  631  72,658  94  +  43  
Office-bank  
buildings  ··· ·· ·  8,873  93,679  +  17  
Works a nd utilities  1,229  41 ,397  -85  +  77  
Educational  
bu ildi ngs  .. .. ..  34,301  234,640  +168  +  7  
Stores and mer- 
ca ntile buildings  17,494  148,270  + 92  +  33  
Ot her buildings  
and structures Additions, alterations,  1,770  19,693  +  74  +  2  
and repa irs ........ METROPOLITAN vs.  20,224  192,331  +  34  +  
NONMETROPOLITANt  
Total  metropolitan  '' ' 157,800  1,544,868  +  21  +  20  
Centra l  cit ies  ' ' ' ' ' . 117 ,296  1,181,997  + 14  +  17  
Outside  cent ra l  cities  40,504  362,871  +  43  +  31  
Total nonmetropolitan.  22,628  263,390  18  +  7  
10,000 to 50,000  
popula tion  ······· 13,551  148,524  9  +  
Less than 10,000  
population  . . . . . . .  9,077  114,866  29  +  11  

As defined in 1960 Census and revised in 1966. 
Cha nge is less than one half of l percent. 
Source : Bureau of Business Research in cooperation with the Btt reau of the Census, U .S. Department of Commerce. 

index of residential construction authorized rose 22 per­cent in November. Nonresidential permits rose 31 per­cent. This is the second consecutive month of improvement for each of these indexes. At its current level residential construction authorized is 139 percent above permits issued in November 1966. Nonresidential is 4 percent above the total for November of last year. The strong recovery in both residential and nonresidential construction has con­tributed much to the generally high level of business activity in the state this year. 
During the first eleven months of this year permits for new construction in the state totaled $1.6 billion, up 20 percent over the January-November 1966 value. This total does not include $192.3 million for additions, altera­tions, and repairs. Residential construction contributed $776.0 million, or 48.0 percent of the total. Nonresidential construction totaled $839.9 million to contribute 52.0 per­cent of all new construction. 
Total residential construction averaged a record 123.4 percent of its 1957-59 base value during the first eleven months of this year. This was a 30 percent increase over the corresponding 1966 period and a record for any eleven months. The pickup in value of this index began in March, when it rose to 111.6 percent. For the first time since May 1966 permits authorized were above 100 percent. During the period from June 1966 through February 1967 the index averaged only 82.5 percent of its base value. Between March and November of this year the index averaged 130.1 of its 1957-59 monthly average. The 170.1­percent value of the residential index in November was an all-time record, exceeding by 14.1 percent its previous peak value of 149.1 percent in July 1963. 
All categories of residential dwellings contributed to the rise in the total during the first eleven months. Per­mits issued for one-family dwellings rose 17 percent to a total of $545.3 million. Multiple-family building per­mits totaled $230.8 million, up 60 percent over the first eleven months of 1966. Permits for duplexes rose 49 per­cent while permits for three-and four-family dwellings rose 132 percent. Both of these categories comprise a rela­tively small part of the total value of permits for multiple­family dwellings. Apartment buildings, which supply '­by far the greater portion of total value of permits for multpile-family dwellings, had a 58-percent rise to a total value of $200.4 million during the first eleven months. 
Total value of nonresidential permits averaged 14 per­cent above the first eleven months of 1966. Permits for industrial buildings, an important segment of the nonresi­dential total, rose 27 percent. Permits for hotels, motels, and tourist courts rose 55 percent in November and 95 percent over th'.! first eleven months of last year. Authori­
zation of construction of  a  $7,500,000 hotel  in San An­ 
tonio  in  November  boosted  the  total  for  that  month  
substantially.  

Permits issued for educational buildings rose 168 per­cent in November. Authorization of two public schools in Richardson, costing a total of $2,902,600, contributed to this rise. Other cities issuing permits for public schools in November were Longview ($1,700,000), Irving ($464,000), Fort Worth ($510,987), El Paso ($702,500), and Alvin 
($580,795). North Texas State University obtained per­mits for $4,250,000 of new construction in November. The 
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AUTHORIZED IN TEXAS 
INDEX-ADJUSTED FOR SEASONAL VARIATJON-1957·59 =100 
350 --.,...---.-.......-...-........_;_:...,..:;:.;;:.:,;.:;..:....:.;:::::.:.:.:;.;;.;.....;;,:,;..;._....,..._r---,.-1


~ 350 
,,
h 
300 300 
1; 250 
250 
.:. 
200 200 
·f 
I 1. -~ 
150

150 . I 11\.a M Ul '\ft 'If
·ii. " A 
1·•;··i /\ .,JV .A . JIY~ ,.. ~ • ~ 
100

100 
)' J ~... ,,111 v ' .. '" 
,..,:~~ 

50 
;
'° ~ ' 
"' 
1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 196' 196!1i 1966 1967 NOTE: Shaded ar ea• indicate period• o! decline of total buaine11 activity in the United St,ue1. 
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING AUTHORIZED IN TEXAS* 
350 

350 300300 
250 250 
200200 
150 150 
100100 
5050 
1954 195!5 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 196A 196~ 1966 1967 NOTE: Shaded area• ind.icate period• of decline of total bu•ine•• activity in the United Sta.tu. 
• Exclude• addition•, alte ration•, and repair•. 
NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDING AUTHORIZED IN TEXAS* 
450 
350 300 250 200 150 100 
50 
* NOT E: 
Exclude • add1tton•, .Uter ation•, and repair • . 
University of Texas at Austin obtained permits for a $2,374,700 classroom building and for the $12,474,000 Lyndon B. Johnson library. 
The November value of permits issued for constructing stores and mercantile buildings rose 92 percent. A Victoria shopping center to cost $2,000,000 assisted the November rise. Other shopping centers authorized were in Irving ($585,000), El Paso ($1,000,000), and Arlington ($580,000). 
Most of the total value of construction authorized dur­ing the first eleven months was in the standard metro­politan statistical areas. Only 14.6 percent was authorized 
TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW,. 
350 300 
250 
200 
\lO 
100 
50 
Shad~d. area• indic~te period• of decline of total bu•ine •• activity in the United State•. 
outside SMSA's. Standard metropolitan statistical areas had the largest increase in total value of permits for the first eleven months, enjoying a 20-percent rise over 1966. The eleven-month increase outside SMSA's was 7 percent. 
Within SMSA's the central cities had by far the greater portion of construction authorized, $1,181,997,000, during the first eleven months. Value of permits outside the cen­tral cities totaled $362,871,000 for this period. The per­centage increase for the period was larger, however, for the areas outside central cities, which had a 31-percent increase against a smaller 17-percent increase for central cities. 
The rise in permits issued during the first eleven 
months for construction outside SMSA's was assisted by a 
4-percent increase in value for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 
population. Cities of less than 10,000 population had an 
11-percent increase. 
Construction of one-family dwellings in Texas metro­politan areas during the first eleven months showed a wide range of changes from the same period of last year. Austin led all twenty-two* standard metropolitan areas in the state with a 50-percent increase in value of permits issued. Other SMSA's showing increases in value were Beaumont-Port Arthur-Orange (9 percent), Corpus Christi 
(8 percent), Dallas (30 percent), El Paso (28 percent), 
Fort Worth (41 percent), Galveston-Texas City (45 per­
cent) , Houston 9 percent), Midland ( 10 percent), San 
Angelo (33 percent), San Antonio (6 percent), Texarkana 
(2 percent), and Wichita Falls (28 percent). Thirteen of 
the twenty-two areas had increases. Only nine had de­
creases. These ranged from 8 percent for Lubbock to 61 
percent for Abilene. 
*Exclusive of the new Sherman-Denison SMSA, which is not yet reporting data. 
El Paso led the state in percentage increase in the value of permits issued for the construction of duplexes during the first eleven months with a 678-percent rise above the comparable 1966 period. Dallas was second with a 223-percent rise. Waco was third with a 125-percent jump. Others among the·standard metropolitan statistical areas with increases were Austin (106 percent), Beaumont-Port Arthur-Orange (76 percent), Fort Worth (65 percent), and San Antonio (91 percent). 
Fourteen of the twenty-two SMSA's had increases in value of permits issued for construction of apartments during the first eleven months. Abilene led with a 1,509­percent increase. Waco was second with a 552-percent rise. San Angelo was third with a 314-percent jump. Other areas with increases greater than 100 percent were Abilene (167) perecnt), El Paso (111 percent), Fort Worth (263 percent), Galveston-Texas City (307 percent), and Wichita Falls (227 percent). 
Continuation of the boom in construction into next year depends largely upon the continued availability of mort­gage money at rates of interest that are not exorbitant. Effects of the British devaluation of the pound continue to manifest themselves in domestic money markets. In­terest rates are higher. The interest rate on FHA new­home mortgage yields, which dropped from 6.81 percent in December 1966 to 6.29 percent in May of this year, had moved up to 6.63 percent in October. Further increases will have a dampening effect. Unless a tax bill is enacted next year the large federal deficit will result in a very large volume of federal borrowing that will force interest rates higher. It could result in another credit crunch with its resultant disastrous effect on the homebuilding industry. 
BUILDING AUTHORIZED IN TEXAS 
SELECTED CITIES 

N ew Residential  Dwelling units (number)  New Nonresidential  Total construction*  
City  January-November 1967 1966  January-November Percent Percent change 1967 1966 cha nge  J a nuary-November 1967 1966  Percent change  J anua ry-November 1967 1966  Percent change  

Abilene . ..... . . . . ..$ 2,263,424 Amarillo . . . . ... .. . . 7,277,450 Arlington . . . . . . . . . . 30,933,909  $ 4,104,100 7,290,150 17,621 ,275  -45 •• + 76  150 374 2,918  204 353 1,478  -26 + 6 + 97  $ 6,393,372 9,179,927 11,294,430  8,160,219 21 ,530,220 11,295,550  -22 -57 ••  $ 9,222,034 18,848,994 43,389,061  $ 12,808,003 31,909,447 30,099,640  -28 -41 + 44  
Austin  ·· ··· ······ ··  57,427,500  44,839,000  + 28  4,161  3,226  + 29  59,270,330  23,072,647  + 157  121,992,235  75,060,990  + 63  
Beaumont  ..........  8,105,851  6,474,021  + 25  604  488  +  24  6,900,325  6,474,021  +  7  16,614,321  14,033,370  + 18  
Corpus Christi  ······  13,699,069  12,167,502  + 13  1,289  1,101  + 17  13,631,221  15,370,199  -11  34,718,732  31,864,284  +  9  
Dallas  ········· ····  91,163,478  60,157,154  + 52  8,828  5,814  + 52  95,819,326  81,877,292  + 17  207,334,253  163,201,125  + 27  
E l  Paso  .. . . . . ... . . .  28,810,605  20,731,597  + 39  2,146  1,401  + 53  18,236,013  27,470,097  -34  54,317,180  54,834,294  - 1  
Fort Worth  ···· ·····  28,756,061  14,687,177  + 96  2,793  1,398  + loo  43,893,438  44,634,035  - 2  86,263,444  70,651,036  + 22  
Galveston  ···· ···· ··  5,929,349  2,251,539  +163  590  158  + 273  4,366,246  7,847,620  -44  11,232,761  11,118,820  +  1  
Garland  .. ..........  13,095,483  7,656,874  + 71  1,486  819  +  81  4,609,003  6,095,273  -24  19,145,416  14,371,059  + 33  
Grand  Prairie  ······  8,811,182  7,278,889  + 21  641  478  +  34  26,857,147  5, 766,575  +366  37,281,916  14,455,932  + 158  
Houston  ·· ····· ····  123,668,972  100,411,916  + 23  11,445  8,849  + 29  200,126,514  152,429,194  + 31  388,406,412  315,044,971  + 23  
Laredo  ....... ......  752,109  900,112  -16  147  153  - 4  3,340,800  1,829,800  + 83  4,168,429  2,894,402  + 44  
Longview  ..........  4,415,000  7,103,000  -38  230  592  - 61  6,448,600  4,622,800  + 39  11,659,300  12,661,400  - 8  
Lubbock  ···········  11,677,442  18,513,032  -37  700  1,634  -57  15,180,800  34,725,123  -56  28,808,950  55,605,264  -48  
Midland  ····· ··· ·· ··  6,437,300  6,692,000  - 4  389  404  - 4  5,370,500  5,703,300  - 6  12,917,535  13,263,565  - 3  
Odessa  .. . . . . . . . . . . .  3,065,000  5,941,975  -48  160  485  - 67  1,913,941  3,253,402  -41  5,895,099  10,954,745  -46  
P ort  Arthur  ····· ···  534,354  974,786  -45  41  74  -45  4,226,917  2,823,313  + 50  5,532,071  4,598,120  + 20  
Richa rdson  ····· ··· ·  11,870,371  9,453,572  + 26  932  603  +  55  10,323,055  10,180,350  +  1  22,602,557  19,982,064  + 13  
San Angelo  ....... . .  3,747,331  2,267,439  + 65  404  225  +  80  4,964,070  6,682,346  -26  9,194,832  9,652,713  - 5  
San  Antonio  .......  46,022,986  33,347,523  + 38  5,486  3,620  + 52  52,231,656  37,369,605  + 40  107,756,800  79,001,670  + 36  
Texarkana  . .. . . . . . .  1,329,865  1,048,170  + 27  146  99  + 47  2,198,219  4,296,002  -49  3,983,874  5,761,556  -31  
Tyler  . . . . . . . . . . .. . .  3,891,200  4,348,150  -11  234  201  +  16  5,325,910  2, 743,212  + 94  9,906,526  7,651,336  + 29  
Waco  ··· ···········  4,812,450  3,859,950  + 25  332  255  +  30  8. 775,371  7,904,329  + 11  15,866,235  13,789,030  + 15  
Wichita  Falls  .. .. ..  6,465,677  3, 700,524  + 75  551  258  + 114  10,318,072  7,822,201  + 32  18,742,106  14,254,800  + 31  

• Includes additions, alterations, and repairs. •• Change is less than one half of 1 percent. 
JANUARY 1968 


LOCAL BUSINESS CONDITIONS 
Statistical data compiled by: Mildred Anderson, Constance Cooledge, and Margaret Tannich, statistical assistants, and 
Percent change 	Percent change 
Nov 1967 Nov 1967 Nov 1967 Nov 1967 Nov from from Nov from from City and item 1967 Oct 1967 Nov 1966 City and item 1967 Oct 1967 Nov 1966 
ABILENE SMSA 
AMARILLO (pop. 155,205 r) 
(Jones & Taylor; pop. 121,343 a) 

Retail sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -5t -8 + 12 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 235,176 -21 + 38 Automotive stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -2t -13 + 19 B.ank debits (thousa nds) II .. ...... ... $ 1,750,656 + 4 
Postal receipts• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 427,54 7 + 46 Nonfarm employment (area) . . . . . . . . 38,000 
+ + 1 Building permits, less federa l cont racts $ 1,067,050 -28 + 18 Manufacturing employment (area) . 4,250 4
+ Bank debits (thousands) . . . . .... . ... $ 365,999 + + 10 Percent unemployed (area). : . . . . . . . . 2. 7 10 18 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 132,967 2 + 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover . .. . . 32.7 •• 7
+
ABILENE (pop. 110,049 r) 
Reta il sales .................. ..... . -5t + -11 

Canyon (pop. 6,755 r)
Automotive stores .. ............ . . -2t -25 Postal receipts• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 133,534 4 Postal receipts• ....... ............. $ 9,464 -15 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 233,676 -21 + 38 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 71,250 -74 +186 Ba nk debits (thousands) ............ $ 126,257 + 1 6 Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 9,735 + 7 3 End-of-month deposits (thousands )t .. $ 72,469 -2 + 2 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t ... $ 7,250 + 1 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover.... . . 20.7 •• -9 Annual rate of deposit turnover... . . 
16.2 •• + 6 
ALAMO: See McALLEN-PHARR-EDINBURG SMSA ALPINE (pop. 4,740)ALBANY (pop. 2,174) 
Postal receipts• .... .... ............ $ 6,428 4

Building permits, less federal contracts $ 6,000 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 127,526 8 +184
Bank debits (thousands) ........ ..... $ 3,025 	+

+ Bank debits (thousands) ... . . .. . . . . $ 4,815 18 + 15
End-of-month deposit& (thousands)t . . $ 4,083 5 + End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 5,278 2 3
Annual rate of deposit turnover . . ... . 8.7 3 	+
+ 
Annual rate of deposit turnover. •... 10.9 
+ 12 + 12 
AMARILLO SMSA 
(Potter & Randall; pop. 169,527 a) 

ANDREWS (pop. 11,135) 
Building permits, less federal cont racts $ 1,138,300 35 + 23 Postal receipts• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 7,948 31Bank debits (thousands) !! . . . ..... . . . $ 4,505,520 + 4 
+ 10 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 2,250 58 -60 Nonfarm employment (area) . . . . . . . 59,400 •• 2 Bank debits (thousands) .. .... ...... $ 6,326 ..
11Man ufacturing em ployment (area). 5,390 + 2 
4 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . . $ 8,479 
+ 18 6
+ 19 1 
Percent unemployed (area)....... ... 3.7 + 23 + 23 Annual rate of deposit turnover.. . .. . 9.7 

+ 
12 
TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW 
Doris Dismuke and Mary Gorham, statistical technicians. 
Indicators of business conditions in Texas cities pub­lished in this table include statistics. on banking, building permits, employment, postal receipts, and retail trade. 
An  individual  city  is  listed when  a  minimum  of  three  
indicators  are  available.  
The  cities  have  been  grouped  according  to  standard  

metropolitan statistical areas. In Texas all twenty-two SMSA's are defined by county lines; the counties included are listed under each SMSA. The populations shown for the SMSA's are estimates for April 1, 1966, prepared by the Population Research Center, Department of Sociology, The University of Texas at Austin. The population shown after the city name is the 1960 Census figure, unless otherwise indicated. Cities in SMSA's are listed alpha­betically under their appropriate SMSA's; all other cities are listed alphabetically as main entries. 
Retail-sales data are reported here only when a mm1­mum total of fifteen stores report; separate categories of retail stores are listed only when a minimum of five stores report in those categories. The first column presents current data for the various categories. Percentages shown for retail sales are average statewide percent changes from the preceding month. This is the normal seasonal change in sales by that kind of business-except in the cases of Dallas, Fort Worth, Houston, and San Antonio, where the dagger (t) is replaced by another symbol (tt) because the normal seasonal changes given are for each of these cities individually. The second column shows the percent change from the preceding month in data reported for the current month; the third column shows the percent change in data from the same month a year ago. A large variation between the' normal seasonal change and the reported change indi­cates an abnormal sales month. 
Symbols used in this table include: 
(a) 
Population Research Center data, April 1, 1966. 

(
t) Average statewide percent change from preceding month. 


(tt) Average individual-city percent change from pre­ceding month. 
(r) Estimates officially recognized by Texas Highway Department. (rr) Estimate for Pleasanton: combination of 1960 Census figures for Pleasanton and North Pleasanton. (*) Cash received during the four-week postal account­ing period ended November 17, 1967. (:j:) Money on deposit in individual demand deposit 
accounts 	on the last day of the month. ( §) Data for Texarkana, Texas, only. (**) Change is less than one half of 1 percent. 
(11) Annual rate basis, seasonally adjusted. 
(#) Monthly averages. 

Percent changePercent change
Local Business Conditions 	Local Business Conditions 
Nov 1967 Noy 1967 Nov 1967 Nov 1967 
Nov from from
Nov from from 
City and item 1967 Oct 1967 Nov 1966 City and item 1967 

Oct 1967 Nov 1966 
ARANSAS PASS: see CORPUS CHRISTI SMSA Nederland (pop. 15,274 r) Postal receipts• ................. .. $ 11,937 •• ARLINGTON: see FORT WORTH SMSA Bank debits (thousands) ...... . .... $ 6,550 12 End-of-month deposits (thousandsH .. $ 5,444 + 4 ATHENS (pop. 7,086) 
Postal receipts• . . . ... ..... ... . ..... $ 14,573 10 ORANGE (pop. 25,605) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 11,300 63 27 Bank debits· (thousands) ..... ....... $ 11,121 8 13 
Postal receipts• ......... . .......... $ 32,080 6 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 10,624 Buildin11: permits, less federal contracts $ 118,885 91 +289
+ 7 
Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 39,643 3 8 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t .. $ 28,235 4 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover..... 16.5 •• 8 
AUSTIN SMSA Nonfarm placements 169 7 16 (Travis; pop. 256,581 a) Building permits, less federal contracts $27,579,636 
Annual rate of deposit turnover..... . 12.5 11 4 	+ 
+443 +253 PORT ARTHUR (pop. 66,676) +
Bank debits (thousands) II ..... .... .. $ 5,249,592 1 + 28 Nonfarm employment (area) . . . . . . . . 110,800 + 3 + 8 Postal receipts• ....... . ... .. . . . ... . $ 58,642 3 Manufacturing employment (area). 8,490 + + 20 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 2,389,848 +476 Percent unemployed (area) . . . . . . . . . 2.2 10 12 Bank debits (thousands) ........ . .. . $ 70,716 12 9
+ 	End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 45,691 + 2 + 2 
Annual rate of deposit turnover. ... .. 18. 7 13 9 
AUSTIN (pop. 212,000 r) 

Retail 	sales .. .. . .................. . 5t + 5 + 17 
Apparel stores ... . ............. • . 2t 4 + 15 Port Neches (pop. 8,696) 

Eating and drinking places ....•... 4t 2 11 Postal receipts• 12,084 2 Food Stores ....................•. 7t + 2 + 3 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 345,245 +720 +266 Furniture and household Bank debits (thousands) ....... . . . .. $ 13,724 •• 7 
+ 	···· · ··· ·· ······· · ·· $ ­
+ 
appliance stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1t 17 + 20 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t.. $ 6,797 3 •• 
Postal receipts• .................... $ 739,661 + 5 Annual rate of deposit turnover...... 23.8 2 5

+ + Building permits, less federal contracts $27,565,636 +447 +253 Bank debits (thousands) ......... ... $ 444,909 + 9 + 24 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t. $ 214,375 •• + 17 BEEVILLE (pop. 13,811) Annual rate of deposit turnover. . . . . 24.9 7
+ + Postal receipts• ....... . ............ $ 14,446 17 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 70,695 15 58 Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 14,458 9 12
+ +
BAY CITY (pop. 11,656) 	End-of-month ..
deposits (thousands)t .. $ 15,681 19 
Postal receipts• ...... . . .. . ... . ..... $ 20,940 + 5 Annual rate of deposit turnover... .. 11.0 + 8 + 18 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 56,250 -72 -20 Nonfarm placements ... .. .. .... .... 107 43 6 
Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 20,825 + 6 
End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 29,255 

+ + 
Annual rate of deposit turnover... . . 8.6 8 BELLVILLE (pop. 2,218) Nonfarm placements ....... ..... .. . 64 14 10 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 2,000 56 93 Bank debits (thousands) ........ . ... $ 6,664 7 + 6 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 5,853 8 + 10
BEAUMONT-PORT ARTHUR-ORANGE SMSA Annual 
rate of deposit turnover..... 13.1 7 (Jefferson & Orange; pop. 322,259 a) 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 4,021.569 + 17 + 129 
.. BELTON (pop. 8,163) 
Bank debits (thousands) II ...... .. ... $ 5,635,092 
Nonfarm employment (area) . . . . . . . 112,900 •• Postal receipts• ...... . .... . ........ $ 11,215 8

+
..
Manufacturing employment (area). 34,000 2 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 36,650 33 +373 
Percent unemployed (area) . . . . . . . . . 4.3 + 10 .. End-of-month deposits (thousands); ... $ 10,035 + 6 + 12 

BEAUMONT (pop. 127,500 r) BIG SPRING (pop. 31,230) 
Retail sales . . . ....... .. .... .. .... . . 5t + 2 + 14 Postal receipts• ......... . .......... $ 35,896 -8 
Automotive stores ......... .. .... . 2t + + 18 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 80,020 +209 43 
Lumber, building material, and Bank debits (thousands) ........... . $ 45,888 15 + 2 
hardware stores ...... ....... .. . lOt 14 .. End-of-m onth deposits (thousandsJi .. $ 27,510 •• + 4 
Postal receipts• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 171, 717 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover..... . 

20.0 17 2 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 972,791 39 28 Nonfarm placements ..... ... ... .. . . 

133 9 36 
Bank debits (thousands) ..... . ...... $ 310,299 1 + 5

..
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t. $ 124,517 6 
Annual rate of deposit turnover . . . .. 28.9 •• .. 

BISHOP: see CORPUS CHRISTI SMSA 
Groves (pop. 17,304) Postal receipts• . . .................. $ 10,588 -6 BONHAM (pop. 7,357) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 194,800 +154 +126 Bank debits (thousands) .... ........ $ 8,989 -12 + 28 receipts• .... ... ... . ......... $ 14
Postal 8,092 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t .. $ 5,065. -4 •• Building permits, less federal contracts $ 17, 700 4 60 
50.9 	Bank debits (thousands) .. ....... .. . $ 10,143 2

Annual rate of deposit turnover..... + 117 +191 + 2 
End-of-month deposits (thousandsH .. $ 9,522 

4 + 5 
Annual rate of deposit turnover . . ... . 12.5 2 2
For a n explanation of symbols, see p. 12. 
JANUARY 1968 
Percent change 	Percent change
Local Business Conditions 	Local Business Conditions 
Nov 1967 Nov 1967 Nov 1967 Nov 1967 Nov from from Nov from from City and item 1967 Oct 1967 Nov 1966 City and item 1967 Oct 1967 Nov 1966 
BORGER (pop. 20,911) Port Isabel (pop. 3,575) 
Postal receipts• .................... $ 20,748 8 Postal receipts• .. ..............••.. $ 3,117 + 14 

Building permits, less federal contracts $ 6,725 85 76 Bank debits (thousands) ..... . ... . .. $ 3,419 + 30 + 41 Nonfarm placements ...... ........ . 72 48 -23 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 3,182 + 10 + 75 Annual rate of deposit turnover.. .. . 13.5 + 9 -15 
BRADY (pop. 5,338) SAN BENITO (pop. 16,422) 
Postal receipts• ...... . .... . . ... .... $ 5,629 2 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 3,950 95 -90 Postal receipts• ...................• $ 18,558 + 55 Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 7,563 18 + 14 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 18,940 + 92 -37 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 6,924 2 4 Bank debits (thousands) ...........• $ 6,446 + + 19 Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... . 13.0 18 + 20 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . $ 7,798 •• + 26 
Annual rate of deposit turnover.... . 9.9 -4 
BRENHAM (pop. 7,740) BROWNWOOD (pop. 16,974) 
Postal receipts• .................... $ 12,810 -2 

Postal receipts• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 29,995 + 4 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 558,565 +975 +735 

Building permits, less federal contracts $ 111,500 +296 +124 
Bank debits (thousands) . .... . . .. . . . $ 16,223 + 7 + 22 

Bank debits (thousands ) ... . . . . . . .. $ 20,215 4 + 8 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 15,496 5 + 4 End-of-month deposits (thousands) f .. $ 14,115 + 2 + 2 

Annual rate of deposit turnover . . ... . 12.3 + 10 + 16 	Annual rate of deposit turnover..... . 17.4 6 + 9 
Nonfarm placements ...... . .. ..... . 128 + 3 -19 

BROWNFIELD (pop. 10,286) BRYAN (pop. 27,542) 
Postal receipts• ..... . ......... ... .. $ 9,933 -22 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 92,100 +338 19 

Postal receipts• ... ... ........ . . .... $ 35,290 -10 

Bank debits (thousands) .... . ...... . $ 19,193 + 12 + 8 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 506,190 -20 +298 
End-of-month. deposits (thousands)f .. $ 15,913 + 8 + 9 Bank debits (thousands) ......... .. $ 57,163 + 5 + 40 
Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... . 15.1 + 6 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 28,110 + 2 + 27

+ 
Annual rate of deposit turnover... . . 24.6 + 4 + 14 Nonfarm placements ........ .... . . . 271 17 -10 
BROWNSVILLE-HARLINGEN-SAN BENITO SMSA CALDWELL (pop. 2,202 r)(Cameron; pop. 141,778 a) 
Postal receipts• ......... ........... $ 2,879 27

Building permits, less federal contracts $ 489,308 + 45 + 81 
Bank debits (thousands) ..... ..... . $ 3,259 + 3 ••
Bank debits (thousands) 11 . •••••••••• $ 1,807,896 + 25 + 16 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 4,966 ••
Nonfarm employment (area) ....... . 37,850 •• 	+

+ 
Annual rate of deposit turnover . .... 7.9 + 3
Manufacturing employment (area). 6,420 •• •• 
Percent unemployed (area) ....... . . 5.6 + 14 12 

CAMERON (pop. 5,640) 
Postal receipts• .................... $ 5,825 -5 Building permits, less federa l contracts $ 147,200 
BROWNSVILLE (pop. 48,040) 
Bank debits (thousands) . . . . .... .. .. $ 6,189 5 
Postal receipts• ........ . .. .. .... .. . $ 50,306 11 

End-of-month deposits (thousands)f .. $ 6,208 5 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 260,003 + 4 + 87 

Annual rate of deposit turnover..... . 11.7 4 
Bank debits (thousands) .. . ......... $ 49,691 + 6 + 8 + 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . . $ 29,jl12 + 4 + 20 
Annual rate of deposit turnover. . .. . . 20.4 •• 6 CANYON: see AMARILLO SMSA 
Nonfarm placements ... . . ........ . . 562 -66 

+ 11 
CARROLLTON: see DALLAS SMSA 
HARLINGEN (pop. 41,207) CASTROVILLE (pop. 1,508) 
Retail sales ............... ...... .. . -5t -11 + 11 

Building permits, less federal contracts $ 42,470 +
Postal receipts• .... .. .......... . . . . $ 54,466 + 4 	9 

Bank debits (thousands) .... .. .. .. . . $ 924 
5 8 End-of-month deposits (thousands)f .. $ 1,320 Building permits, less federal oontracts $ 193,865 +192 +122 
Bank debits (thousands) . . . ...... ... $ 50,249 + 6 + 7 	•• + 4 
Annual rate of deposit turnover... .• . 8.4 5 7
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t.. $ 28.840 9 + 27 
Annual rate of deposit turnover ... . . . 19.9 + 2 12 
Nonfarm placements .............. . 590 51 + 11 CISCO (pop. 4,499) 

Postal receipts• ....... ....... ...... $ 5,300 

-16 Bank debits (thousands) ...... . . .... $ 4, 726 
La Feria (pop. 3,047) 	3 2 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 4,341 
+ 11 + 2 
Postal receipts• .................... $ 1,826 32 Annual rate of deposit turnover..... 13.7 7 4 Bank debits (thousands) . ... . .. .. ... $ l,942 + 19 + 62 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t.. $ 2,298 
+ 4 + 37 CLEBURNE: see FORT WORTH SMSA 
Annual rate of deposit turnover . . .. . . 10.4 + 17 + 24 
CLUTE : see HOUSTON SMSA 
Los Fresnos (pop. 1,289) 
Postal receipts• ... ... .. . . ......... . $ l,618 -5 COLLEGE STATION (pop. 11,396) 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 12,000 + 9 Postal receipts• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 26,797 12 
Bank debits (thousands) ......... . . $ 1,492 31 + 14 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 108,974 

60 +143
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 1,917 + 2 + 50 	Bank debits (thousands) .... .... . ... $ 7,535 14 + 15
Annual rate of deposit turnover ... . . 9.4 29 22 	End-of-month deposits (thousands) f ... $ 5,574 
•• + 20 
Annual rate of deposit turnover .... . . 16.2 
14 
For an explanation of symbols, see p. 12. 	-' 
14 
TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW 
Local Business Conditions Percent change Local Business Conditions P~rcent change 
Nov 1967 Nov 1967 Nov 1967 N ov 1967 Nov from from Nov from from City and item 
1967 Oct 1967 Nov 1966 City and item 1967 Oct 1967 Nov 1966 
COLORADO CITY (pop. 	6,457) CORSICANA (pop. 20,344) 
Postal receipts• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 
6,844 + 21 Postal receipts• .. . ............ ...... $ 97,213 + 91 
Bank debits (thousands) ....... ..... $ 5,677 + 12 2 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 171,749 61 + 65 
2 Bank debits (thousands) ..... ....... $ + 5

End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . . $ 6,814 26,631 2 Annual rate of deposit turnover..... . 
9.9 	+ 8 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ .. $ 23,926 + 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover..... . 13.1 2 + 2 Nonfarm placements ..... .. ... ..... . 297 + 34 7
CONROE: see HOUSTON SMSA CRYSTAL CITY (pop. 9,101) COPPERAS COVE (pop. 4,567) 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 69,065 + 21 + 37 Postal receipts• .................... $ 6,633 2 Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 4,040 17 
+ 11 
Building permits, less federal contr~cts $ 139,416 + 6 End-of-month deposits (thousands )t.. $ 3,199 + 5 1 Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 2,590 + 11 + 30 Annual rate of deposit turnover.. ... . 15.5 19 + 15 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ .. $ 1,570 14 + 24 Annual rate of deposit turnover..... . 18.3 + 10 •• 
DALLAS SMSA CORPUS CHRISTI SMSA (Collin, Dallas, Denton and Ellis; pop. 1,334,101 a) 
Building permits, less federal contracts $34,033,624 22 + 51
(Nueces and San Patricio; pop. 278,535 a) 
Bank debits (thousands) JI ......... . . $77,622,576 2 + 18 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 2,702,778 26 . . . . . . . . •• 5

29 Nonfarm employment (area) 612,500 + 
Hank debits (thousands) II ....... .. .. $ 4,393,332 .. + 19 Manufacturing employment (area). 146,830 + + 7 

Nonfarm employment (area) . . . . . . . 86,400 + 2 Percent unemployed (area) . . . . . . . . . 1.9 + 12 14 
Manufacturing employment (area). 10,530 

+ 
Percent unemployed (area) . . . . . . . . 3.8 + 19 7 
Carrollton (pop. 9,832 r) 
Postal receipts• . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . $ 14,153 10
Aransas Pass (pop. 6,956) 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 150,300 67 43 
Postal receipts• ................. ... $ 5,680 11 

Bank debits (thousands) .. ......... . $ 10,637 19 + 21 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 49,550 + 61 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 5,183 4 + 28 
Bank debits (thousands) ......... . . . . $ 6,466 21 + 19 Annual rate of deposit turnover . .... 24.2 20 5 
End-of-month depcsits (thousands )t . . $ 5,843 1 9 
Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... . 13.2 22 + 29 

DALLAS (pop. 679,684) 
Bishop (pop. 3,825 r) Retail sales ....................... . 3tt + 7 + 7 
Apparel stores .. ............... . . 

Postal receipts• .. .... . . . ........... $ 3,587 13 	+ ltt + 21 + 15 

Automotive stores ...... . .......•. + 4tt 2 + 23

Building permits, less federal contracts $ 9,500 68 + 188 
Eating and drinking places ......•. 11tt 2 +
Bank debits (thousands) ... .... .... $ 2,241 12 + 15 	3 
Furniture and household
End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ .. $ 3,035 7 
+ 9 
appliance stores ..... . .... .... . . 7tt
Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... 8.5 11 + 6 	+ 3 + 41 
Lumber, building material, and 
hardware stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13tt 1 + 12 
CORPUS CHRISTI (pop. 204,850 r) Postal receipts• ..... .............. . $ 4,167,359 + 3 
Building permits, less federal contracts $13,107,166 57 11

Retail sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5t 12 + 9 Bank debits (thousands) ... ...... . . $ 5,950,306 5
Automotive stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2t 14 + 6 	+ 18 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ .. $ 1,534,114 2
Postal receipts• ................... . $ 253,917 3 	+ 5 

Annual rate of deposit turnover..... 46.1 4
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 2,323,710 + 34 + 12 Bank debits (thousands) ...... . . . ... $ 305,172 + 19 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 150,790 + 8
.. 	Denton (pop. 26,844) 
Annual rate of deposit turnover... . . 24.1 + 11 Postal receipts• ... ..... .... ........ $ 59,983 
4 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 4, 728,000 
Port Aransas (pop. 824) 	+973 
Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 34,394 

13 Bank debits (thousands) . . . . . ...... . $ 815 13 + 2 End-of-month depcsits (thousands) +.. $ 26,677 4 E nd-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 891 + 3 + Annual rate of deposit turnover. . . . . . 15.1 10 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover .. . .. . 11.2 10 •• Nonfarm placements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 
30 + 31 
Robstown (pop. 10,266) 
Ennis (pop. 10,250 r)

Postal receipts• . . . . . . . . . . .. $ 9,580 20 Building permits, less feaeral contracts $ 190,797 46 +384 Postal receipts• .................... $ 14,108 -2 Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 10,947 16 •• Building permits, less federal contracts $ 31,450 
+ 8
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 9.964 10 7 Bank debits (thousands) .... ........ $ 

6,596 5 17 Annual rate of deposit turnover . . ... 12.5 11 + 6 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 8,056 
2 •• 
Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... 9.7 5 21 
Sinton (pop. 6,008) Grand Prairie (pop. 40,150 r)
Postal receipts• .... ...... ....... · · · $ 7,722 6 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 2,335 97 58 Postal receipts• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 41,651 8 Bank debits (thousands) ......... . · . $ 5,889 9 + 25 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 2,067,619 + 19 +121 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 5,907 •• + 18 Bank debits (thousands) ... , ...... . $ 21, 769 3 
+ 11 
Annual rate of deposit turnover . .... 12.0 9 + 10 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 14,142 •• 
+ 16 
Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... 18.6 5 
For an explanation of symbols, see p. 12. 
JANUARY 1968 
Percent change 	Percent change
Local Business Conditions 	Local Business Conditions 
Nov 1967 Nov 1967 Nov from from N ov from Nov 1967 Nov 1967 
from City and item 1967 Oct 1967 Nov 1966 City and item 1967 Oct 1967 
Nov 1966 
Irving (pop. 60,136 r) 	Waxahachie (pop. 12,749) 
P0&tal receipts• ... . .............. .. $ 79,471 + 16 Postal receipts• .. . ..... . .. . ........ $ 20,480 + 31 

Building permits, less federal contracts $ 7,400 89 -97
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 2,499,464 + 34 + 10 Bank debits (thousands) .. ... . . .. ... $ 12,823 14
Bank debits (thousands) .. .. . .. . ... $ 54,930 + 6 + 29 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 25,087 3 + 16 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t.. $ 12,029 + •• Annual rate of deposit turnover. . . . . 25.9 + 4 + 10 
Annual rate of deposit turnover . . . . . 12.9 15 Nonfarm placements .. . .... ... ... . . 59 23 20 
DAYTON: see HOUSTON SMSAJustin (pop. 622) 
Postal receipts• . ..... .. . ....... .. .. $ 806 17 

DEER PARK: see HOUSTON SMSA 
Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 1,074 + 6 + 18 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 857 6 10 Annual rate of deposit turnover .. . .. 14.6 + 9 + 24 DEL RIO (pop. 18,612) 
Lancaster (pop. 7,501) 	Postal receipts• .. .... . . .. .......... $ 19,519 -20 

Building permits, less federal contracts $ 33,317 36 30 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 209,508 +135 + 32 
Bank debits (thousands) ... ......... $ 7,510 + 20 + 20 Bank debits (thousands) . .......... . $ 16,186 5 + 

End-of-month dep0sits (thousands)t .. $ 4,474 2 + 13 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ + +
19,394 2 
Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... 19.9 Annual rate of deposit turnover.... . . 10.l 8 +

+ 15 + 2 
DENISON (pop. 25,766 r)
McKinney (pop. 13, 763) Postal receipts• ... . .... . ... . .. . .. .. $ 25,066 18 
Postal receipts• ..... . ...... ... .. . .. $ 17,921 -13 Bank debits (thousands) . ... ...... .. $ 24,170 + 24 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 152,400 80 + 21 7 End-of-month deposits (thousands ) t .. $ 18,357 + 2 + 7 

Bank debits (thousands) ... ......... $ 11,986 17 7 Annual rate of deposit turnover .. .. . . 15.9 7 + 19 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 12,982 .. + Nonfarm placements ......... . . . . . . 160 12 -29 
Annual rate of deposit turnover .... . 11.1 18 14 
Nonfarm placements .... ...... .... . 110 11 DENTON: see DALLAS SMSA

+ 12 
DONNA: see McALLEN-PHARR-EDINBURG SMSA
Mesquite (pop. 27,526) 
P0&tal receipts• ..... .. .... . . ... . ... $ 26,821 EAGLE LAKE (pop. 3,565) 

+ 2 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 980,847 + 41 + 83 Bank debits (thousands) .... .. . . ... . $ 3,451 -15 
Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 13,342 17 + 15 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 5,789 + 3 + 4 
End-of-month deposits (thousands ) t . . $ 9,117 3 + 13 Annual rate of deposit turnover ... ... 7.2 -13 8 
Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... . 17.3 17 

+ 
EAGLE PASS (pop. 12,094) 
Postal receipts• .................... $ 11,813 9 

Midlothian (pop. 1,521) 	96 34
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 111,745 + ­Building permits, less federal contracts $ 108,250 +622 +146 Bank debits (thousands) ....... . . ... $ 8,922 1 + 21 
Bank debits (thousands) ... ........ . $ l,562 2 + 25 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 4,916 + 5 + 8 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 1,706 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... 22.3 -4 + 13 
Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... 10.8 4 

+ 20 
EDINBURG: see McALLEN-PHARR-EDINBURG SMSA 
Pilot Point (pop. 1,254) EL PASO SMSA Building permits, less federal contracts $ 8,750 56 (El Paso; pop. 352,637 a) Bank debits (thousands) ......... ... $ 1,804 2 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 5,569,552 + 2 -19 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 2,198 Bank debits (thousands) II ........... $ 5,159,388 9 ••
3 Annual rate of deposit turnover..... . 9.9 8 3 Nonfarm employment (area) .. ..... . 108,300 l + 2 Manufacturing employment (area). 19,150 2 Plano (pop. 10,102 r) Percent unemployed (area) . ...... . . 4.5 36
+ + Postal receipts• ...... . . . . ......... . $ 13,006 -4 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 813,655 + 28 +339 EL PASO (pop. 276,687) Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 7,458 Retail sales ................ ......•. -11
+ 39 	5t 
End-of-month dep0sits (thousands)t .. $ 4,743 Apparel stores .. ..... . . .....•... . + 9 + 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... 22.7 Automotive stores ..... .......... . 9 -41 
+ 
26 	2t 

+ 
33 	2t 


Food stores .... ..... . . .... . ..... . 7t 3 4
+ Richardson (pop. 34,390 r) Postal receipts• .. .... . .. ... .... . . . . $ 399,586 2 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 5,549,552 2 19
Postal receipts• ........ .. ..... . .. .. $ 74,554 + 6 	+ 

llank debits (thousands) . ... . .... .. $ 445,546 2
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 4,638,689 +409 +530 + 
+ +

End-of-month deposits (thousands) t .. $ 202,321 2Bank debits (thousands) .....'. . .. ... $ 47,884 + 43 16+ Annual rate of deposit turnover. ... . 26.7 5 +
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 16,893 17 + 28 
Annual rate of deposit turnover. . . . . 30.9 

+ 41 11 ENNIS: see DALLAS SMSA 
Seagoville (pop. 3,7 45) 	EULESS: see FORT WORTH SMSA 
P08tal receipts• . ......... . ......... $ 7,974 -3 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 66,486 +421 FORT STOCKTON (pop. 6,373) 
Bank debits (thousands) ...... ...... $ 4,829 11 2 Postal receipts• ... ..... ... . . . .. ... . $ 6,773 29

+ 
End-of-month deposits (thousnnds)t .. $ 2,929 + 14 + 16 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 69,670 13 +771 Annual rate of deposit turnover.. ... . Bank debits (thousands) .. .. ... .. ... $ 9,219
21.l 	22 11 + 8 7 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t .. $ 8,996 
•• + 4 
Annual rate of deposit turnover .. . . . 12.3 
For an explanation of symbols, see p, 12. 	4 11 
16 
TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW 
Percent change 	Percent change
Local Business Conditions 	Local Business Conditions 
Nov 1967 Nov 1967 Nov from from Nov 
Nov 1967 Nov 1967 
from from City and item 1967 Oct 1967 Nov 1966 City and item 1967 Oct 1967 Nov 1966 
FORT WORTH SMSA 	FRIONA (pop. 3,049 r) 
(Johnson and Tarrant; pop. 640,414 a) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 27,500 75 Building permits, less federal contracts $16,011,524 + 28 +140 Bank debits (thousands) .......... · · $ 12. 780 + 24 + 38 Bank debits (thousands) II .......... . $15,920,208 •• + 18 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 5,471 + 6 3 Nonfarm employment (area) . . . . . . . 277,300 •• + 6 Annual rate of deposit turnover. . . . . . 28.9 + 17 + 50 
Manufacturing employment (area ). 89,310 + 1 
+ 15 
Percent unemployed (area) . . . . . . . . . 2.1 + 5 16 
GALVESTON-TEXAS CITY SMSA Arlington (pop. 75,000 r) (Galveston; pop. 161,854 a) Retail sales ............. ... ... . . . . . -5t 9 + 37 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1,443,212 + 28 + 60 Poetal receipts• .... . .......... .. .. . $ 113,563 12 
Bank debits (thousands) II .......... . $ 2,111,592 + 2 + 11 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 3,515, 700 11 
+ 99 Nonfarm employment (area) . . . . . . . 57,700 + 	+ 5 
Bank debits (thousands) ........... . $ 68,907 •• + 22 Manufacturing employment (area). 10,570 •• + 6 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 31,149 
+ 17 Percent unemployed (area) . . . . . . . . . 3.9 + 11 	+ 3 Annual rate of depoeit turnover..... 26.4 + 4
+ 
Cleburne (pop. 15,381) 
GALVESTON (pop. 67,175) Poetal receipts• . ... .......... . ..... $ 23,154 
Retail sales ....................... . -5t + 3 + 7 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 92,170 + 22 + 59 Apparel stores ................. . . -2t 6 -3 
Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 15,627 2 + 9 Postal receipts• ....... ... ... . .. . . .. $ 120,646 + 13 

End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 14,580 
+ 4 + 8 Building permits. less federal contracts $ 656,320 + 60 + 59 Annual rate of deposit turnover... . . . 13.1 4 •• Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 109,347 8 + 13 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 64,271 •• + 12 Euless (pop. 10,500 r) Annual rate of deposit turnover..... 20.3 10 2 
Postal rer.eipts • . ................... $ 10,637 -14 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 115,720 85 La Marque (pop. 13,969) Bank debits (thousands) ... . .. .. ... $ 11,668 •• 11 
Postal receipts• ................. ... $ 13,291 6

End-of-month deposits (thousands) i . . $ 5,265 .. 
+ 28 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 174, 742 6 	+166
Annual rate of deposit turnover..... 26.6 
3 35 
Bank debits (thousands) ..... .. ... . $ 11,457 9 1 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 7,979 2 + 10 
FORT WORTH (pop. 356,268) Annual rate of deposit turnover ... .. 17.0 8 10 

Retail Automotive sales ..................stores ............... .. ... . . 3tt 1tt + ..8 + 14 

+ 
TEXAS CITY (pop. 32,065) 
Eating and drinking places ... . ... . 	6
5tt 
Postal receipts• .............. .. .... $ 32,969 + 1

Gasoline and service stations ..... . 3tt + 6 + 12 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 612,150 + 15 + 45Lumber, building material, and 
Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 35,708

hardware stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17tt + 3 + 10 	+ 8 + 34 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 14,793 ••
Poetal receipts• ............ . ....... $ 1,161,827 	+ 6

+ 
Annual rate of deposit turnover..... 29.0
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 8,912,441 + 44 +180 + 7 + 29 Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 1,205,364 •• + 21 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 465,262 2 + 7 GATESVILLE (pop. 4,626) Annual rate of deposit turnover. . . . . 30.8 2 + 12 
Postal receipts• ........... ......... $ 5,909 9 Bank debits (thousands) ........... $ 7,646 15 + 19 Grapevine (pop. 4,659 r) End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 7,267 5 + 7 Annual rate of deposit turnover . .. . . . 12.3 16 +
Poetal receipts• ..... . .... . . ........ $ 8,181 •• 9 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 11,500 89 -23 Bank debits (thousands) ......... ... $ 4,127 2 9 
GIDDINGS (pop. 2,821) 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 4,003 2 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover..... . 12.3 3 6 Postal receipts• .................... $ 4,625 -17 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 26,650 +651 Bank debits (thousands) ........ . ... $ 5,156 5 
+ 4
North Richland Hills (pop. 8,662) End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 5,360 + 2 .. Building permits, less federal contracts $ 144,500 17 69 Annual of deposit 11.7 6 + 4
rate turnover..... 
Bank debits (thousands) ........ ... . $ 10,322 .. + 10 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 5,447 5 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover .... . 22.2 .. + 11 GLADEWATER (pop. 5,742) 
Postal receipts• .................... $ 7,928 

+ 43 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 43,900 + 28 47
White Settlement (pop. 11,513) 	­
Bank debits (thousands) ....... .... $ 5,148 10 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 20,675 29 + 37 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 4,512 15 + ..17 
Bank debits (thousands) ........... $ 4,576 5 + 85 

Annual rate of deposit turnover.... . 12.6 2
.. 	+ 12
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 2,331 + 55 Nonfarm employment (area) ...... . 33,500 Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... . 23.5 9 + 24 Manufacturing employment (area). 8,840 
+ 1 
Percent unemployed (area) ........ . 2.7 

+ 13 10 
FREDERICKSBURG (pop. 4,629) 
Postal receipts• ............ .. . ..... $ 8,732 + 4 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 60,250 +189 27 GOLDTHWAITE (pop. 1,383) 
Bank debits (thousands) . .. .. ... . ... $ 13,580 + 3 6 Postal receipts• ... . ........ . . ...... S 3,100 .. 
End-of-month deposits (thousandslt.. $ 10,024 5 3 Bank debits (thousands) .. .......... $ 4,108 

10 + 6
Annual rate of deposit turnover..... 15.9 + 	End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 5,932 3 7 Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... . 8.2 10 
+ 14
For an explanation of symbols, see p. 12. 
JANUARY 1968 
17 
Percent change 	Percent change
Local Business Conditions 	Local Business Conditions 
Nov 1967 N ov 1967 Nov 1967 Nov 1967 Nov from from Nov from from City and item 1967 Oct 1967 Nov 1966 City and item 1967 Oct 1967 Nov 1966 
GRAHAM (pop. 8,505) Angleton (pop. 9,131) . ... . . . ............. $ 3
Postal receipts• 11,275 	Postal receipts• . ... ... .. . ... ... . . .. $ 16,413 + 55 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 34,400 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 69,653 -22 +122 Bank debits (thousands) .... ....... $ 10,620 + Bank debits (thousands) .. . . .. ... . . $ 15,234 4 + 2 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 10,413 l End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 14,695 + 18 + 25 Annual rate of deposit turnover.... . 12.2 •• + 4 Annual of deposit 13.5 8
rate turnover .... 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-
Bellaire (pop. 21,182 r)GRANBURY (pop. 2,227) 
Postal receipts• ...... ..... ......... $ 270,115 + 9

Postal receipts• . .. . ... . ..... ....... $ 3,904 9 

Building permits, less federal contracts $ 30,439 78 -65
Bank debits (thousands) ........ ... $ 2,314 + 3 + 3 

Bank debits (thousands) ... ... . ... . . $ 30,309 .. + 15
End-of-month deposits (thousands); . . $ 3,060 + 9 + 6 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 18,977 •• + 20
Annual rate of deposit turnover . . .. . . 9.5 7 
..
Annual rate of deposit turnover... 19.l -3 
GRAND PRAIRIE: see DALLAS SMSA 
Clute (pop. 4,501) GRAPEVINE: see FORT WORTH SMSA Postal receipts• ....... . ........ .. .. $ 5,349 + 15 Building permits, Jess federal contracts $ 24,100 + 48 GREENVILLE (pop. 22,134 r) Bank debits (thousands) ....... .. ... $ 3,544 + + 36 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 2,175 + 16
Retaii saJes .......... . St + 2 + Postal receipts• . . .... ......... .. ... $ 34,541 13 Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... 20.0 •• + 17 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 21 3,700 89 6 
+ 
Conroe (pop. 9,192)
Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 39,348 + 31 + 64 End·of-month deposits (thousands); . . $ 19,357 2 + 14 Postal receipts• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 26,927 25 
Building permits, Jess federal contracts $ 65,000 + 7 -73 
Nonfarm placements ......... . . . .. . 140 18 + 12 	Bank debits (thousands) . . . .. . . . . . . $ 16,817 19 + 10 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 15,219 + 20 
Annual rate of deposit turnover.... . 13.3 21 -8 

Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... . 24.2 + 34 + 47 
GROVES: see BEAUMONT-PORT ARTHUR-ORANGE SMSA 
Dayton (pop. 3,367) 
HAMILTON (pop. 3,106) Building permits, Jess federal contracts 42,515 15 + 159 
Bank debits (thousands) ........... . $ 4,538 Bank debits (thousands) .. .......... $ 5,223 9 + 16 
End-of-month deposits (thousands); .. $ 4,913 -2 + 2 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 4,261 5 + 24 

Annual rate of deposit turnover ... .. . 11.0 	Annual rate of deposit turnover... .. 14.3 11 8 
HARLINGEN: see BROWNSVILLE-HARLINGEN­Deer Park (pop. 4,865) 
Postal receipts• .... . ... ..... .. ... . . $ 10,159 + 8

SAN BENITO SMSA 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 499,800 + 189 Bank debits (thousands) . . . . ....... $ 6,435 + 19 + 10
HASKELL (pop. 4,016) 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 3,833 + 7 + 18 Building permits, less federal contracts$ 9,000 
Annual rate of deposit turnover . . ... 20.8 + 9 
+ 
End-of-month deposits (thousands); .. $ 5,723 + 7 + 19 

Bank debits (thousands) . . .. .. . . .. . . $ 5,327 + 8 + 30 
HOUSTON (pop. 938,219)
Annual rate of deposit turnover .. . 11.5 4 + 7 
Retail sales ............. .......... . 3tt 

Apparel stores ........ .... ...... . ••tt

HENDERSON (pop. 9,666) 	+ 
Automotive stores ............... . 

8tt + 11
Postal receipts• ............... ..... $ 15,294 

Eating and drinking places ...... . 3tt 17
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 48,000 47 + 34 
Food stores .. . .... . .... . ........ . 2tt

Bank debits (thous~nds) $ 12,631 13 + 48 
Lumber, building material, and 
End-of-month deposits (thousands);. $ 15,423 2 28 ha rdware stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14tt 3 + 26
Annual rate of dep03it turnover. 9.7 13 +102 
Postal receipts• .. . . . ........ $ 3,085,606 

+ 
Building permits, less federal contracts $34,349,378 + 22 16
HEREFORD (pop. 9,584 r) 
Bank debits (thousands) ....... .... . $ 5,376,166 6 + 19

Postal receipts• . . . . $ 17,015 -24 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ l,868,728 2 + 11
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 204,530 24 + 47 
Annual rate o( deposit turnover. 34.2
Bank debits (thousands) .. ..... $ 35,735 + 7 + 12 + 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 17,008 4 8 

Humble (pop. 1,711)
Annual rate of deposit turnover. 24.7 + 2 + 19 
Postal receipts• ..... ............ ... $ 4,723 9 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 65,475 +154

HONDO (pop. 4,992) 
Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 4,967 6 + 21

Building permits, less federal contracts $ 3,100 91 95 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t.. $ 4,176 •• + 13
Ba nk debits (thousands) ............ $ 3,540 

10 + 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... 14.3 5
End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 4,281 2 	+
+ 	8 
Annual rate of deposit turnover 9.8 11 
+ 
Katy (pop. 1,569) Building permits, Jess federal contracts $ 42,500 42 + 63
HOUSTON SMSA 
Bank debits (thousands) ........... $ 3,093 21 4

(Brazoria, Fort Bend, Harris, Liberty and 
End-of-month deposits (thousands) t .. $ 3,065 8 + 
8 (Montgomery; pop. 1,717,116 a) Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... 11.6 25 13 
Building permits, less federal contracts $39,136,959 + 12 10 
Bank debits (thousandsl ll . . . $72,766,872 + 17 La Porte (pop. 7,250 r) 
Nonfarm employment (area) 734,100 + Building permits, less federal contracts $ 26,000 

+ 2 	80 66 
Manufacturing employment (area). 130,600 •• + Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 4,521 5 + 23 
Percent unemployed (area) . . 2.1 + 11 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 3,222 

7 + 7 
Annual rate of deposit turnover.. ... . 16.2 
7 + 9For an expla nation of gymbols, see v. 12. 
Percent change
Percent change
Local Business Conditions 	Local Business Conditions 
Nov 1967 Nov 1967 Nov from from Nov from from 
Nov 1967 Nov 1967 
City and item 1967 Oct 1967 Nov 1966 City a nd item 1967 Oct 1967 Nov 1966 
Liberty (pop. 6,127) 	JUSTIN: see DALLAS SMSA 
P ostal receipts• .. ....... . .......... $ 7,825 9 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 22,035 84 61 Bank debits (thousands) ...... . ..... $ 11,595 14 3 
KARNES CITY 	(pop. 2,693) 
End-of-month deposits (thousandsH .. $ 11,138 + 2 + 9 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1,500 90 92 Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... . 12.6 17 12 Bank debits (thousands) ...... . . .... $ 3,485 10 9 End-of-month deposits (thousandsH .. $ 4,018 3 4 
Pasadena (pop. 58, 737) Annual rate of deposit turnover..... 10.2 11 6 Postal receipts• .... . ............... $ 70,469 5 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1,277,730 52 + 72 KATY: see HOUSTON SMSA 
Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 76,331 

8 + 9 
End-of-month deposits (thousandsH .. $ 37,938 4 + 16 
KILGORE (pop. 10,092) 
Annual rate of deposit turnover..... . 23.6 8 4 Postal receipts• .................... $ 16,452 + 5
Richmond (pop. 3,668) 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 18,400 35 -90 Postal receipts• .. .................. $ 5,238 Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 13,797 •• 5 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 159,450 84 + 26 End-of-month deposits (thousandsH .. $ 13,233 +
..
Bank debits (thousands) ........... . $ 8,957 + 11 2 Annual rate of deposit turnover .... . 12.2 7 
End-of-month deposits (thousandsH .. $ 10,270 6 + 8 Nonfarm employment (area) ...... . 33,500 •• •• 
Annual rate of deposit turnover... .. 10.1 11 Manufacturing employment (area). 8,840

+ 5 	+ 
Percent unemployed (area) ... . .... . 2.7 + 13 10 
Rosenberg (pop. 9,698) Postal receipts• ........... ......... $ 11,&24 8 KILLEEN (pop. 23,377) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 106,643 + 14 + 20 
Postal receipts• . . ...... . ........... $ 52,235 9

End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 11,698 
•• + 5 	Buildin~ permits, less federal contracts $ 481,587 22 +519 Bank debits (thousands) ..... ...... . $ 18,185 + 13
South Houston (pop. 7,253) 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 12,432 + 14 Postal receipts• ................ . ... $ 9,060 8 Annual rate of deposit turnover.... . 17.5 2 + Bank debits (thousands) ... ......... $ 8,653 6 2 End-of-month der,osits (thousandsH .. $ 6,227 1 + 6 
KIRBYVILLE (pop. 2,021 r)
Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... . 16.6 5 7 
Postal receipts• ...... . . ..... ... . ... $ 4,734 + 13 
Bank debits (thousands) ...... . . . .. $ 2,263 12 ••

Tomball (pop. 2,025 r) 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t.. $ 4,215 .. •• 
Bank debits (thousands ) ............ $ 5,804 -28 Annual rate of deposit turnover . . . .. 6.4 12 2 
End-of-month deposits (thousandsH . . $ 10,402 •• + 11 
Annual rate of deposit turnover...... 6.7 -35 

LA FERIA: see BROWNSVILLE-HARLINGEN-SAN BENITO SMSA 
HUMBLE: see HOUSTON SMSA 
LA MARQUE: see GALVESTON-TEXAS CITY SMSA HUNTSVILLE (pop. 11,999) 
Postal receipts• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 16,862 -35 
LAMESA (pop. 12,438) 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 329,000 +125 Bank debits (thousands) ..... ....... $ 18,004 + 4 + 28 
Postal receipts• ........ .......... . . $ 11, 774 -18 

Building permits, less federal contracts $ 48,500
E:nd-of-month deposits (thousandsH .. $ 12,828 7 + 9 	+211 + 35 
Bank debits 	$
Annual rate of deposit turnover ... .. 16.2 + 4 + 15 	(thousands) . . ........ . . 19,152 + 18 2 

End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 17,578 3 .. 
Annual rate of deposit turnover . ... . 13.3 18 2
IOWA PARK: see WICHITA FALLS SMSA Nonfarm placements .............. . 75 + 21 4 

+ 
+ + 
IRVING : see DALLAS SMSA 	LAMPASAS (pop. 5,670 r) 
Postal receipts• ...... . ........ .. . . . $ 7,804 + 11

JACKSONVILLE (pop. 10,509 r) 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 74,625 +522 +291 
Postal receipts* ..... .............. . $ 33,697 + 33 Bank debits (thousands) ...... . . . ... $ 8,307 6 12 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 18,800 22 92 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 8,016 4 + 

+ + 9 
Bank debits (thousands) .. .......... $ 16,343 14 + 3 rate deposit 	12.7

Annual of turnover ..... 
+End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 11,709 + 8 9 !\nnual rate of deposit turnover . .... 16.7 13 
LANCASTER: see DALLAS SMSA 
JASPER (pop. 5,120 r) 

11,947 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 38.800 71 LA PORTE: see HOUSTON SMSA 
Bank debits (thousands) . . .. .. . . · · · · $ + 

Postal receipts* ...... . ... .. .. · · · · · · $ 12,327 4 19 
9,146 3 6
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . · $ 	+ 
Annual rate of deposit turnover . ... · 15.9 + 9 
LAREDO SMSA (Webb; pop. 77,006 a)JUNCTION (pop. 2,441) 
50 	Building permits, less federal contracts $ 118,440 -30 60
-2,403 14 8 Bank debits (thousands) II ......... .. $ 660,984 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 
Bank debits (thousands) ...... .... · · $ + 	+ 3 + 8 
Nonfarm employment (area) ....... . 23,100

End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 3,840 + 1 + 4 	+ + 5 
7.6 17 + 6 Manufacturing employment (area). 1,250 + 2
Annual rate of deposit t_ur_n_o_v_e_r _.·-·-·-·--------------	+ 2 
Percent unemployed (area) ... .... . . 10.8 
+ 46 
For an explanation of symbols, see p. 12. 
JANUARY 1968 
Percent change Percent change
Local Business Conditions Local Business Conditions 
Nov 1967  Nov 1967  Nov 1967  Nov 1967  
City and item  Nov 1967  from Oct 1967  from Nov 1966  City and item  Nov 1967  from Oct 1967  from Nov 1966  
LAREDO (pop. 60,678)  McALLEN-PHARR-EDINBURG SMSA  
Postal receipts• . . ..... . ....... . .... $ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ Annual rate of deposit turnover.... . Nonfarm placements .............. . 54,897 118,440 54,284 33,947 19.7 527  + 9 30 + 4 + 5•• ••  60 + 9 + 9 + 3 + 2  (Hidalgo; pop. 182,008 a) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 500, 733 Bank debits (thousands) /I ..... ...... $ 1,467,972 Nonfarm employment (area) . . . . . . . 44,200 Manufacturing employment (area). 4,180 Percent unemployed (area) . . . . . . . . . 6.6  -22 + 2 + 4•• + 20  -13 + 18 + 6 + 9 +  
LIBERTY:  see HOUSTON SMSA  
Alamo  (pop. 4,121)  
LITTLEFIELD  (pop.  7,236)  Bank  debits  (thousands)  ...... ..... . $  2,129  + 19  
Postal receipts• .... . . .... .. ........ $ Building permits, less federal contracts $  7,908 0  13  End-of-month deposits (thousands):I .. $ Annual rate of deposit turnover..... .  1,501 16.0  11 + 23  + 17 27  
Bank debits  (thousands)  .... .. .. . ... $  9,989  2  + 11  
End-of-month deposits (thousands) :I . . $ Annual rate of deposit turnover... ..  10,456 11.7  + 4 10  1 + 14  Donna (pop. 7,522) Postal receipts• ................... . $  4,345  -39  
LLANO (pop. 2,656) Postal receipts• ........ . .......... . $ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) .. ...... .... $ 3,698 0 4,538  -12 7  + 1  Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ End-of-month deposits (thousandsH .. $ Annual rate of deposit turnover... .. 12,965 4,983 5,029 12.2  +103 + 58 + 5  + 6 + 56 + 11 + 45  
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ Annual rate of deposit turnover .. ... 4,755 11.2  5 3  3 ••  EDINBURG (pop. 18,706) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 116,230  + 90  +119  
LOCKHART (pop. 6,084) Postal receipts• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) .... . ....... $ End-of-month deposits (thousandsH .. $ 5,783 67,705 5,999 7,546  + 10 + 26 8 ••  .. + 19  Bank debits (thousands) .... .. • •.... $ End-of-month deposits (thousands):! .. $ Annual rate of deposit turnover. .. .. . Nonfarm placements ........ . ..... .•  21,105 12,492 19.1 260  + 21 11 + 26 38  + 25 + 9 + 4  
Annual  rate  of  deposit  turnover .. . ..  9.5  9  14  Elsa (pop. 3,847)  
Building permits, less federal contracts  $ 11,647  -14  +111  
LONGVIEW (pop. 40,050) Retail sales ........... . . ........ . . . Automotive stores . .............. .  5t 2t  1  Bank debits (thousands) . ...... ..... $ End-of-month deposits (thousands) :! . . $ Annual rate or deposit turnover .... . . 2,707 2,329 14.6  7 + 10 + 21  + 9 + 30 -15  
Postal  receipts•  . .. . . ......... . ....  $ 77,071  + 6  
Building permits, less federal contracts  $ 2,143,000  +297  + 71  McALLEN  (pop. 35,411 r)  
Bank debits (thousands) ... ..... .... $ End-of-month deposits (thousands) :I ... $ Annual rate of deposit turnover .. .. . Nonfarm employment (area) ... . .. . Manufacturing employment (area). Percent unemployed (area) ...... .. .  76,343 43,708 21.0 33,500 8,840 2.7  2 4 + 1 + 13  + 4 + 7•• •• 10  Retail sales .. .. ...... .. ........... . Postal receipts• .................... $ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) ...... . .. . . $ End-of-month deposits (thousands ):! .. $ Annual rate or deposit turnover.... . 5t 45,450 196,280 41,828 28,291 17.6 4 + 8 25 + 8 1 + 7  + 21 + 45 + 13 + 15 3  
LUBBOCK SMSA  Nonrarm  placements  ........ ...... .  789  + 41  +  
(Lubbock; pop. 181,591 a)  Mercedes  (pop.  10,943)  
Building permits, less federal contracts Bank debits (thousands) // .. .... . ... . Nonfarm employment (area) . ..... . Manufacturing employment (area) . Percent unemployed (area) ..... . . . $ 1,352.800 $ 3,648,132 63,500 6,820 3.1  64 9 + 1 + 3 + 7  + +  4 9  Postal receipts• .. ......... ..... .... $ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) .. . . ... .. ... $ End-of-month deposits (thousands):I .. $ Annual rate or deposit turnover ..... 6,556 29,400 5,821 4,743 14.2  + 2 + 91 19 7 9  -60 2 + 8 11  
LUBBOCK (pop. 155,200 r) Retail sales ............. . ....... . . . Automotive stores .... . .......... . Postal receipts• .. . . . ....... ... ..... $ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) ... . .. .. . . . . $ End-of-month deposits (thousands ):! .. $ St 2t 259,099 1,352,800 303,127 144,889  + 7 4 4 64 + 5 + 2  + 9 +· 9 + 6 + + 4  Mission (pop. 14,081) Postal receipts• . . ..... .. .. . ........ $ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) . ......... . . $ End-of-month deposits (thousands):! .. $ Annual rate or deposit turnover .. ... . 11,693 13,110 12,602 11,286 14.1  + 47 •• + 11 5  -95 + 5 + 24 10  
Annual rate of deposit turnover . .... .  25.3  +  +  
Slaton (pop. 6,568) Poatal receipts• ...... .............. $ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ End-of-month deposits (thousands):! .. $ Annual rate of deposit turnover. . ... 5,366 250 5,315 4,300 14.8  + 16 90 13 .. 17  90 + 30 17 + 44  PHARR (pop. 15,279 r) Postal receipts• .. . ...... .. ......... $ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ End-of-month deposits (thousands):I .. $ Annual rate or deposit turnover ..... . 6,896 58,746 4,903 4,729 12.7  22 + 38 + 15 + 4 + 5  + 60 4 8 + 11  
LUFKIN  (pop. 20,756 r)  San Juan (pop. 4,371)  
Postal receipts• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Building permits, less federal contracts Nonfarm placements .. . ....... .  $ $ 39,236 157,435 76  + 16 5 3  22 -57  Postal receipts• .. . ................. $ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) ... ........ . $ 3,467 3,625 2,793  + 6 24..  -49 ••  
For  an  explanation of symbols,  see p. 12.  End-of-month deposits (thousands):I .. $ Annual rate of deposit turnover.....  2,957 11.8  +  8 2  + 20 -14  

Percent change
Local Business Conditions Percent change Local Business Conditions 
Nov 1967 Nov 1967Nov 1967 Nov 1967 
Nov from fromNov from from City and item 1967 Oct 1967 Nov 1966
City and item 1967 Oct 1967 Nov 1966 
Weslaco (pop. 15,649) MOUNT PLEASANT (pop. 8,027) 
Postal receipts• ............. . .. .... $ 11,541 11 Postal receipts• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 12,723 + 7 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 58,730 72 12 Building pe1-mits, less federal contracts ,$ 41,375 49 18 
Bank debits (thousands) . . ......... $ 10,695 •• + 27 Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 14,386 3 + 17 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 11,516 •• + 30 End-of-month deposits (thousandsJi .. $ 10,422 1 + 14 
Annual rate of deposit turnover... . . . 11.2 •• -2 Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... 16.5 5 + 4 

MISSION: see McALLEN-PHARR-EDINBURG SMSA 
MUENSTER (pop. 1,190) 
McCAMEY (pop. 3,350 r) Postal receipts• ............ · · · · · · · · $ 1,802 -11 Postal receipts• .................. . . $ 3,175 -8 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 12,000 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 20,000 +900 Bank debits (thousands) ... .... .... · $ 3,073 15 6 Bank debits (thousands) . . .......... $ 2,095 3 + 15 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 2,734 + 7 + 20 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 1,669 7 Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... . 14.0 20 19 Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... . 14.5 + 19
+ 
NACOGDOCHES (pop. 15,450 r)McGREGOR: see WACO SMSA 
Postal receipts• ... . ....... . ........ $ 27,959 -25 
Bank debits (thousands) ..... ....... $ 25,910 6 3

McKINNEY: see DALLAS SMSA 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 26,311 + 2 + 26 Annual rate of deposit turnover.. . .. 11.9 6 20
MARSHALL (pop. 25,715 r) 
Nonfarm placements 102 + 21 27 Postal receipts• ................ .... $ 31,830 -9 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 443, 797 + 78 +799 Bank debits (thousands) .... . . . ..... $ 24,717 + 5 + 11 NEDERLAND: see BEAUMONT-PORT ARTHUR­End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 28,702 + 5 + 12 
ORANGE SMSA 
Annual rate of deposit turnover ... . . 10.6 + 2 + 7 
Nonfarm placements ........ . . . .... . 346 14 12 

NEW BRAUNFELS (pop. 15,631) MERCEDES: see McALLEN-PHARR-EDINBURG SMSA 
Postal receipts• .. .......... .. . ..... $ 27,218 + 18 

Building permits, less federal contracts $ 252,510 + 65 + 2 MESQUITE: see DALLAS SMSA Bank debits (thousands) ...... ...... $ 16,249 + 14 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 15,877 •• + 7 MEXIA (pop. 7,621 r) Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... 12.3 3 + 9 
Postal receipts• ............ ...... . . $ 6,963 -22 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 32,000 65 90 

NORTH RICHLAND HILLS: see FORT WORTH SMSA 
Bank debits (thousands) ........... $ 7,210 + 6 + 31 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 6,178 •• + 12 
Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... 14.0 + 6 + 19 ODESSA SMSA 

(Ector; pop. 89,437 a)MIDLAND SMSA 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 179,487 74 22
(Midland pop. 68,230 a) 
Bank debits (thousands)11 ..... ...... $ 1,272,684 6 + 3Building permits, less federal contracts $ 296, 700 74 •• 
Nonfarm employment (area) ... .. . . 59,600 •• 
+
Bank debits (thousands) II ........... $ 1,720,248 4 + 10 

Manufacturing employment (area). 4,940 4 
Nonfarm employment (area) . . . . . . . 59,600 •• + 1 
Percent unemployed (area) , ....... . 3.1 + 41 11 Manufacturing employment (area) . 4,940 4 3 
Percent unemployed (area) . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 + 41 11 
ODESSA (pop. 86,937 r) MIDLAND (pop. 62,625) Retail sales ........... ....... ..... . -St + 3 + 5 Postal receipts ..... ... .......... ... $ 129,541 + 9 Postal receipts• ........ . ........... $ 92,834 7 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 296,700 74 •• Building permits, less federal contracts $ 179,487 74 22 Bank debits (thousands) ... . ... . .. . $ 133,727 5 + 11 Bank debits (thousands) ... ......... $ 103,700 5 + 6 End-of-month depcsits (thousands)t .. $ 123,208 •• + 7 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t.. $ 65,031 5 + 1 Annual rate of deposit turnover..... . 13.0 + 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover..... . 18.7 4 + 3 N onfarm placements ... . . . ... . . . .. . 661 10 + 2 Nonfarm placements .............. . 431 25 + 14 
MIDLOTHIAN: see DALLAS SMSA 
OLNEY (pop. 4,200 r) MINERAL WELLS (pop. 11,053) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 0 / Postal receipts• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 22,898 3 Bank debits (thousands) ........... $ 4,563 13 5 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 318,150 62 + 118 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 5,141 •• 
+ 
Bank debits (thousands) ........... $ 23,372 2 + 16 Annual rate of deposit turnover..... 10.6 10 6 End-of-month deposits (thousands}t .. $ 16,033 + 18 Annual rate of deposit turnover.. .. . 17.5 4 + 1 
ORANGE: see BEAUMONT-PORT ARTHUR­
Nonfarm placements .............. . 141 15 11 

ORANGE SMSA 
MONAHANS (~p. ~H2~ 

_,, Postal receipts• ......... .. . ...... . . $ 9,698 -18 

PALESTINE (pop. 13,974) 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 23,000 + 92 
Bank debits (thousands) .... . .. .. . · $ 11,621 + 46 + 6 

Postal receipts• .......'. ............ $ 18,341 2 ,I End-of-month deposits (thousands)t.. $ 7,224 + 3 8 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 151,713 + 33 +472 
Annual rate of deposit turnover . . ... 19.6 + 45 + 17 Bank debits (thousands) ........... . $ 15,576 •• + 15 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 17,682 •• + 3 1
1For an explanation of symbols, see p. 12. Annual rate of deposit turnover•...•• 10.6 4 + 14
,I 
JANUARY 1968 21 
m 
Percent change 	Percent cbanee
Local Business Conditions 	Local Business Conditions 
Nov 1967 Nov 1967 Nov 1967 Nov 1967 Nov from from Nov from from City and item 1967 1967
Oct 1967 Nov 1966 City and item 	Oct 1967 Nov 1966 
PAMPA (pop. 24,664) SAN ANGELO SMSA 
Retail sales .............. . ........ . -St 4 •• (Tom Green; pop. 74,127 a) 
Postal receipts• .................... $ 29,531 •• Building permits, less federal contracts $ 407 ,931 25 -70 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 50,900 30 54 Bank debits (thousands) II ........... $ 918,540 6 
Bank debits (thousands) ....... . ... . $ 29,967 •• + 6 Nonfarm employment (area) 22,750 ••

········ 	+ 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 23,852 + 3 + 13 Manufacturing employment (area). 3,750 •• + Annual rate of deposit turnover..... . 15.3 Percent unemployed (area) 3.6 + 33 Nonfarm placements . ....... .. . . .. . 143 11 6 
SAN ANGELO (pop. 58,815) 
PARIS (pop. 20,977) Retail sales ························ 5t + 9 + Postal receipts• ...... . . . ..... . .. . . . $ 29,559 + 4 + +
Apparel stores ....... ..... ..... .. 2t 6 11 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 139,206 85 96 

Furniture and household Nonfarm placements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 + 3 + 5 appliance stores ... .. ..... ...... 19t 2 10 Postal receipts• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 120,989 4 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 407,931 25 -70
PASADENA: see HOUSTON SMSA 
Bank debits (thousands) ........... $ 73,724 12 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 61,381 + +
PECOS (pop. 12,728) 
Annual rate of deposit turnover...... 14.5 14 10Postal receipts• ....... ............ . $ 12,810 + 13 Bank debits (thousands) ..... .... ... $ 22,765 + 12 + 29 
SAN ANTONIO SMSA 
End-of-month deposits (thousandsH .. $ 11,429 + 4 + 8 
Annual rate of deposit turnover .... . 24.4 + 3 + 17 

(Bexar and Guadalupe; pop. 838,572 a) 
Nonfarm placements ... . ..... .. ... . 109 	Building permits, Jess federal contracts $15,142,582 + 28 +306 
Bank debits (thousands) JI ...•• •..•.. $13,669,419 + 10 + 18 
Nonfarm employment (area) . . . . . . . 261,300 + 

+ 20 + 6 
PHARR: see McALLEN-PHARR-EDINBURG SMSA 	+ 4 
Manufacturing employment (area). 29,450 + 1 + 5 Percent unemployed (area) . . . . . . . . . 3.8 + 15 -10
PILOT POINT: see DALLAS SMSA 
SAN ANTONIO (pop. 655,006 r)
PLAINVIEW (pop. 23,703 r) Retail sales .............. ......... . ..tt 14 + 14

+ 
Postal 'receipts• .................... $ 29,386 -4 Apparel stores ...... ...........•. + 5tt + 16 + 9 
Buildinir permits, Jess federal contracts $ 84,550 + 74 + 3 Automotive stores .... . ......... . . + ltt 8 + 21 
Bank debits (thousands) ........... $ 55,466 8 + 5 Eating and drinking places .... .. . -ltt 3 + 1 
End-of-month deposits (thousandsJi.. $ 28,416 3 12 Florists ........ . . .. .......... · · · · + 25 + 17 

Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... . 23.1 9 18 General merchandise stores ..... . . + ltt + 33 + 9
+ 
Nonfarm placements ..... . ......... . 253 16 Lumber, building material, and 
hardware stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lOtt 15 

+ 9 
Postal receipts• .. .................. $ 1,069,353 4 Building permits, less federal contracts $14,845,516 41 +336 
PLANO: see DALLAS SMSA 
+ Bank debits (thousands) . .. ......... $ 1,075,387 + 5 + 19
PLEASANTON (pop. 5,053 r) 
End-of-month deposits (thousandsJi .. $ 520,199 •• + 9Building permits, Jess federal contracts $ 18,600 +221 5 
Annual rate of deposit turnover. . . . . 24.7 + 3 + 9
Bank debits (thousands) ... ..... ... $ 4,717 + 22 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 4,425 .. 

+ 8 Schertz (pop. 2,281)
Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... 12.9 + 11 Postal receipts• ......... . ..... . .... $ 2,204 + 36 Bank debits (thousands) . . ........ . $ 582 i6 -3
PORT ARTHUR: see BEAUMONT-PORT ARTHUR 
End-of-month deposits (thousandsJi .. $ 985 -11
ORANGE SMSA 
Annual rate of deposit turnover.... . 7.1 13 + 8 
PORT ISABEL: see BROWNSVILLE-HARLINGEN­
Seguin (pop. 14,299)
SAN BENITO SMSA 

Postal receipts• .................... $ 15,987 -11 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 330,564 68 +333
QUANAH (pop. 4,564) 
Bank debits (thousands) .. ...... .... $ 15,651 4 + 14 Postal receipts• 4,306
········ ············ $ -10 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 16,070 3 1
+
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 0 
Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... 11.5 3 + 13 Bank debits (thousands) .... . .. ... .. $ 5,250 9
+ + 
End-of-month deposits (thousandsJi .. $ 6,137 3 11

+ + SAN BENITO: see BROWNSVILLE-HARLINGEN-SAN
Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... 10.4 6 7
+ 	BENITO SMSA 
RAYMONDVILLE (pop. 9,385) 
Postal receipts• ......... ...... ..... $ 6,857 SAN JUAN: see McALLEN-PHARR-EDINBURG SMSA 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 11,750 +487 +292 
Bank debits (thousands ) ............ $ 8,267 + 11 + 5 SAN MARCOS (pop. 12, 713) 

End-of-month deposits (thousandsH .. $ 11,839 2 +
+ 33 Postal receipts• ................• ... $ 17,633 	-13

Annual rate of deposit turnover... .. 8.5 ­
9 17 
Nonfarm placements 107 58 

+ Building permits, less federal contracts $ 333,800 +546 + 112 ·············· · +206 Bank debits (thousands) ...... .. ... $ 15,737 -21 + 26 End-of-month deposits (thousandsJi .. $ 13,623 -14 + 12
RICHARDSON: see DALLAS SMSA 
Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... 12.8 -21 + 3 
RICHMOND: see HOUSTON SMSA 
SAN SABA (pop. 2,728) 
ROBSTOWN: see CORPUS CHRISTI SMSA Postal receipts• ·· ···· $ 3,007 -17

···· ·········· 
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 500 95 
ROSENBERG: see HOUSTON SMSA 	Bank debits (thousands) ............ $ 7,309 + 3 + 22 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i .. $ 5,541 4 
+ 
For an explanation of symbols, see p. 12. 	Annual rate of deposit turnover.... . 15.5 + + 17' 
22 
TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW 
Local Business Conditions Percent change Percent chanll'e
Local Business Conditions 
City and item  Nov 1967  Nov 1967 from Oct 1967  Nov 1967 from N ov 1966  City and item  Nov 1967  Nov 1967 from Oct 1967  Nov 1967 from Nov J\IGG  
SCHERTZ: see SAN ANTONIO SMSA  SULPHUR SPRINGS (pop.  9,160)  
SEAGOVILLE: see DALLAS SMSA SEGUIN: see SAN ANTONIO SMSA  Postal receipts• ····· · ···· · · ·· ·· ···· $ 21,028 Building pennits, less federal contracts $ 113,682 Bank debits (thousands) . ... .. .. . ... $ 20,487 End-of-month deposits (thousands)f• . $ 19, 702 Annual rate of deposit turnover .. .. .. 12.4  +  7 4 •• 2  64 + 12 + 19 7  
SHERMAN (pop. 30,660 r) Postal receipts• ... , .. , .... .. . , , . ... $ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousa nds) ......... . . $ E nd-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ Annual rate of deposit turnover . . . , . Nonfarm placements . , ... . . . .... , . . 42,685 347,397 41,493 26,418 18.9 146  4 52 4 •• 7 21  42 + 3 + 7 6 -24  SWEETWATER (pop. 13,914) Postal receipts• ·· ······· ····· ······ $ 12,161 Building perm its, less federal contracts $ 53,760 Bank debits (thousands) ···· ··· ···· · $ 13,354 End-of-month deposits (thousandsJi.. $ 9,853 Annual rate of deposit turnover. .... 15.8 Non farm placements .... ... ... ... .. 151  -38 +122 •• 5 + 1 8  +  87 6 3 10 9  
SILSBEE (pop. 6,277) Bank debits (thousands) .. . . . ... . . . . $ End-of-month deposits (thousa nds Ji . . $ . Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... . 5,694 6,516 10.2  5 6 ••  + 11 + 6 + 3  TAYLOR (pop. 9,434) Postal receipts• ····· ··· ···· ··· ·· ··· $ 10,225 Building per mits, less federal contracts $ 141 ,360 Bank debits (thousands) . . . . . . . . . . . $ 9,989 End-of-month deposits (thousa ndsJi. ·. $ 21,101 Annual rate of deposit tur nover. . .. . 5.6 N on farm placements ···· ····· ··· ··· 18  -6 -24 -18 2 18 28  + 112 -8 + 12 18 -18  
SINTON: see  CORPUS CHRISTI SMSA  
TEMPLE (pop. 34,730 r)  
SLATON: see LUBBOCK SMSA SMITHVILLE (pop. 2,933) Postal receipts• . , .. . , ............. . $ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) , . . ... . . , . .. $ End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . , $ Annual rate of depcsit turnover . . ... SNYDER (pop. 13,850) Building permits, less federal contracts $ Ba nk debits (thousands) .. ...... .. .. $ End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ Annual rate of deposit turnover . . . . . . 2,376 5,750 1,539 2,676 6.9 18,250 12,742 19,276 7.9  8 99 •• •• •• 61 9 11  + 29 + 6 + 3 + 3 +319 1 3 +  Retail sa les ·· ····· ······ ··· ·· ···· ·· -6t Eating and drinking places . , . .. . . -4t Postal receipts• ····· ·· ··· ···· ·· ···· $ 52,533 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 483,345 Bank debits (thousands) ····· ·· ··· ·· $ 41,889 Nonfarm placements ·· ···· ······ ·· · 212 TERRELL (pop. 13,803) Postal receipts• ··········· ····· ··· · $ 11,512 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 62,500 Bank debits (thousands) ·· ··· ···· ·· $ 12,219 End-of-month deposits (thousandsH .. $ 11.605 Anunal rate of deposit turnover . . .. . 12.7  5 5 11 + 55 8 12 18 43 15 + 16  + 2 -2 +582 + 11 + 12 29 •• + 11 11  
SONORA  (pop.  2,619) ·  TEXARKANA SMSA  
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 0 Bank debits (thousands) ... . .. . . . .. $ 2,799 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 4,137 Annual rate of deposit turnover . . . . . . 8.0 SOUTH HOUSTON: see HOUSTON SMSA  10 2 12  17 18 ••  (Bowie, excluding Miller, Ark.; pop. 67,206 a) Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) ll ....... ... $ Nonfa rm employment (a rea) ... .... Manufacturing em ployment (area ). Percent unem ployed (area ) .. .. .. .. . 543,107 1,306,728 41,550 12,990 2.9 + 44 + + 1 + 3 + 7  +213 + 15 + 11 + 34 3  
STEPHENVILLE (pop. 7,359) ' Postal receipts• . . . . . . . . .. . . ..... . .. $ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) .... . . . .. .. . $ End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $IA nnual rate of deposit turnover . .. . . 1 STRATFORD (pop. 1,380) 13,606 61,800 10, 774 10,678 12.1  +  19 53 9 •• 10  +187 + 4 + 2 + 2  TEXARKANA (pop. 50,006 r) Retail sales ... . . ...... , ... . ... . . . . . Postal receipts• .. . .. .... , , . , . ... ... $ Building permits, less federal contracts§ $ Bank debits (thousands) . , ...... , . , . $ End-of-month, deposits (thousands)t§. $ Annual rate of deposit turnover ... . . -5t 79,835 543,107 101,670 26,521 24.6  + 12 19 + 52 2 + 4 + 2  -6 + 215 + 16 + 7 + 7  
Postal receipts• . .. . . ... . . ... ..... . . $ ' Building permits, less federal cont racts $ Bank debits (thousands) . . .. ... . .. · $ , End-of-month deposits (thousands)f . . $ , Annual rate of deposit turnover . . .. . 2,892 57,000 10,886 5,913 20.3  + 7 + 37 + 19 15 + 25  +313 + 8 + 10 5  TEXAS CITY: see GALVESTON-TEXAS TOMBALL: see HOUSTON SMSA  CITY  SMSA  
· For an explanation of symbols, see p. 12.  
~ JANUARY 1968  23  

Percent change
Local Business Conditions 	Local Business Conditions Percent change 
Nov 1967 Nov 1967 Nov 1967 Nov 1967 
Nov from from from from
NovCity a nd item 1967 Oct 1967 Nov 1966 City and item Oct 1967 Nov.1966
1967 
TYLER SMSA (Smith; pop. 99,142 a) WAXAHACHIE: see DALLAS SMSA Building permits, less federal contracts $ 268,326 81 23 Bank debits (thousands)!! ........... $ 1,696,860 + 3 + 8 Nonfarm employment (area) . . . . . . . 34,800 •• 
+ 
Manufacturing employment (area). 9,600 1 WEATHERFORD (pop. 9,759)
+ 
Percent unemployed (area) . . . . . . . . . 2.7 + 35 16 Postal receipts• . .. ...... ........ .. . $ 14,725 + 18 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 58,930 + 44 +198 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t.. $ 16,638 -3
TYLER (pop. 51,230) + 6 Retail sales -St 2 + 18
·········· ···· ········· + 
Apparel stores ...... ... ....... .. .. -2t + 3 + 4 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 268,326 81 12 Bank debits (thousands) ...... .. .... $ 129,410 + 2 + 6 WESLACO: see McALLEN-PHARR-EDINBURG SMSA 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . $ 75,651 5 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover . . ... 20.0 + 2 + 5 Nonfarm placements 461 25
···· ·· ·········· 
WHITE SETTLEMENT: see FORT WORTH SMSA UVALDE (pop. 10,293) 
Postal receipts• ............... .. ... $ 16, 726 + 45 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 59,942 22 + 59 Bank debits (thousands) ..... ... . . .. $ 16,377 10 + 14 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t.. $ 10,796 
WICHITA FALLS SMSA
+ 8 + 	7 
Annual rate of deposit turnover..... . 18.9 13 + 11 
(Archer and Wichita; pop. 128,508 a) 
VERNON (pop. 12,141) 	Building permits, less federal contracts $ 40S,644 19 -69 
Postal receipts• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 12,382 -9 Bank .debits (thousands) I I •.•.•... .. . $ 2,080,632 + + 8 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 40,000 -98 84 Nonfarm employment (area) . . . . . . . 49,700 •• 
Bank debits (thousands) .. .. ....... $ 21,514 + 17 + 17 Manufacturing employment (area). 4,49S + 4 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t .. $ 23,946 Percent unemployed (area) . . . . . . . . . 2.S + 14 -7
+ 1 + lS Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... 10.9 + 15 
+ s 
Nonfarm placements 48 -28 -38 
LOWER RIO GRANDE VALLEY 
VICTORIA (pop. 33,047)  Iowa Park (pop. 5,152 r)  
Retail sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Automotive stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  -- St 2t  +  2  + +  8 l S  Building permits, less federal contracts $ 300 Bank debits (thousands) . . .... . . ... $ 3,079  99 4  -98 -2  
Postal receipts• ............... .... . $ S2,73S Building permits, less federal contracts $ 2,2S9,SOO  8 +716  End-of-month deposits (thousandsH .. $ Annual rate of deposit turnover.....  3,580 10.2  2 3  - 5  
Bank  debits  (thousands)  .... . . . .... $  78,46S  9  2  
End-of-month  deposits  (thousands)t . . $  9S,044  +  2  +  4  
Annual  rate  of  deposit turnover, . . . .  10.0  - 9  - s  
Nonfarm  phcemmts  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  486  - 12  -10  WICHITA FALLS (pop. 115,340 r)  
WACO SMSA (McLennan; pop. 155,413 a) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 732,402 Bank debits (thousands) II ..... . .. . .. $ 2,293,0S6 Nonfarm employment (area) .. ... .. S6,700 Manufacturing employment (area ). 12, 700 Percent unemployed (area) ......... 3.8  + + +  8 4 1 12  -78 + 11 + 1 + 3 ·5  Retail sales . . , ..... . . . .. ... .... .. . . Building permits, Jess federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) ....... . .... $ End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ Annual rate of deposit turnover.....  St 40S,344 l SO,796 96,875 18.7  + +  -4 -57 + 8 + +  

McGregor (pop. 4,642) (Cameron, Willacy and Hidalgo; pop. 340,415 a)
Building permits, less federal contracts 0 Bank debits (thousands) 
············ S,713 4 + 39 Retail sales .. .... ... .............. . 5t 4 + 8 
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . . 8,142 •• 9 Apparel stores ...............•.. . 2t + 33 + 10

+Annual rate of deposit turnover..... 
8.S 	7 + 27 Automotive stores .. .. •. . .. . ...... 2t 12 + 1 Drugstores . .............. . ......• 4t 7 + 8 Food stores . . ...... .. ...... . .... . 7t 6 + 3 
WACO (pop. 103,462) 	Gasoline and service stations... .. . 19t + 10
+ General merchandise stores . .. . . . . lt 19 + 11
Retail sales .... . .................. . 

-St + 13 + 16 Lumber, building material.
Apparel stores ..... .... .......... . -2t 10 + 1 

and hardware stores . .. .. ...... . 
lOt 11 + 36
Building permits, less federal contracts $ 684,602 9 79 	+ 
Postal receipts• ................. . .. $

Bank debits (thousands) ....... . . . . $ 164,816 7 	••

+ 9 	Building permits, Jess federal contracts $ 
2 + 9
End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ 97,SSl 1 	+
+ 3 	Bank debits (thousands) ..... . . . .... $ + 7 + 11Annual rate of deposit turnover .. ... 20.1 7 
+ 	4 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t .. $ + 21 Annual rate of deposit turnover..... 16.2 
2 -6
For an explanation of symbols, see p. 12. 
24 
TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW 

AROMETERS OF TEXAS BUSINESS 
(All figures are for Texas unless otherwise indicated.)f\-11 indexes are based on the average months for 1957-59 except where other specification is made; all except annual mdexes are adjusted for seasonal variation unless otherwise noted. Employment estimates are compiled by the Texas Employment Commission in cooperation with the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor. The sym­bols used below impose qualifications as indicated here: *-preliminary data subject to revision; r-revised data; #­dollar totals for the calendar year to date; §-dollar totals for the fiscal year to date; t-€mployment data for wage and salary workers only. 
Year-to-date average Nov Oct Nov 1967 1967 1966 
1967 1966 
GENERAL BUSINESS ACTIVITY  
Texas business activity (index) .. ... .... . . . ........ . . .... .. . Wholesale prices in U.S. (unadjusted index) . .. ......... . .... . Consumers' prices in Houston (unadjusted index) ...... .... . . Consumer prices in U.S. (unadjusted index) . ........... .. ... .  205.1 106.1. 117.8  200.8 106.1 115.6 117.5  176.1 105.9 114.6  193.7 106.0 114.1 116.1  174.2 105.8 111.2 113.0  
Income payments to individuals in U.S. (billions, at seasonally adjusted annual rate) ... .. .. . ..... .. , . . . ........... . .. . Business failures (number) ... . ...... . .. .. . ... .... .. . . . .. . . . Business failures (liabilities, thousands) ......... . ........... . Newspaper linage (index) .. .. . ..... . .. ... . ..... ... . ... ..... . Ordinary-life-insurance sales (index) .. . . . ... ..... . ...... .... . Miscellaneous freight carloadings in S.W. District (index) .. .. . .  $ 641.7* 26 $ 1,698 124.1 238.6 83.1  $ 635.9 * $ 31 3,035 118.5 218.0 81.0  $ 602.1 r$ 39 624.2 $ 2,510 $ 117.8 209.2 87.2 39 4,514 121.2 195.9 82.2  $ 580.8 $ 47 6,472 118.3 182.4 82.1  
TRADE  
Ratio of credit sales to net sales in department and apparel stores  64.8.  65.5.  63.7 r  63.2  64.2  
Ratio of collections to outstandings in department and apparel stores ...... . . . .............. . . . .. .. . .. ....... .  33.9.  37.1 *  32.9 r  33.5  33.4  
PRODUCTION  
Total electric-power use (index) .. ... . . ... . .. ... . . ..... . .. ... . Industrial electric-power use (index) . . .... ... .. . .. . . . . .... . . . Crude-oil production (index) ... . ............ .. .. . ....... .. . . .  213.9. 195.9 • 113.7.  200.0. 185.0. 114.2 *  193.3 r 182.0 r 105.0 r  206.6 186.6 111.1  189.3 172.1 103.0  
Average daily production per oil well (bbl.) . .. . . .. . . . ... . . . . . . Crude-oil runs to stills (index) .. ... . ........... . ... .. .. ..... . .Industrial production in U.S. (index) ....... ... ... .. ... . ... . . . .Texas industrial production-total (index) ........ .. .... . .... . Texas industrial production-total manufactures (index) .... . .. . .Texas industrial production-durable manufactures (index) . . . . . .Texas industrial production-nondurable manufactures (index) .. Texas industrial production-mining (index) .. . .............. . .Texas industrial production-utilities (index) .. . ... .. . . ... . ... . Building construction authorized (index) ............ . ....... . New residential building authorized (index) . . ........... . New nonresidential building authorized (index) ..... . ..... .  14.8 129.6 159.0. 160.1. 179.4 * 204.3 * 162.8 * 123.0 * 207.6 * 209.5 170.1 264.3  14.8 130.2 156.4 * 159.1 • 177.5. 200.1 * 162.4 * 123.3. 207.6 * 160.7 139.2 201.9  14.2 119.6 159.1 r 150.3 r 168.9 r 185.4 r 157.9 r 115.9 r 189.0 r 140.4 71.1 253.1  14.9 124.8 156.9 156.0 173.4 194.6 159.2 121.9 203.5 163.0 123.4 229.1  14.2 119.7 155.8 145.7 162.8 177.8 152.9 114.5 184.4 136.1 94.9 199.2  
AGRICULTURE  
.Prices received by farmers (unadjusted index, 1910-14 =100) .. .Prices paid by farmers in U.S. (unadjusted index, 1910-14 =100)  245 344  234 345  241 337  241 342  263 333  
Ratio of Texas farm prices received to U.S. prices paid 1 by farmers . ... . . . . . . . ... ... . . ............ . ... . ... ... . .  71  68  72  70  79  
/  FINANCE  
Bank debits (index) . . .......... ... ... . . .. ........ .. ..... . . Bank debits, U.S. (index) ... .. . ... . .. . ....... . .. . .......... .  217.6 242.4  213.0 242.2  186.5 212.2  205.4 230.2  184.4 205.6  
Reporting member banks, Dallas Federal Reserve District Loans (millions) .. . .... .. .. . .... .... . . . ... .. . .... . . . . . I· Loans and investments (millions) . ... ....... . . .. ....... . . i · Adjusted demand deposits (millions) . ... . ... . ........... . 1 1evenue receipts of the state comptroller (thousands) .... . ... . " «'ederal Internal Revenue collections (thousands) . .. .......... .  $ 5,068 $ 7,626 $ 3,219 $218,415 $582,054  $ 5,049 $ 7,590 $ 3,181 $165,599 $282,797  $ 4,855 $ 7,111 $ 3,010 $182,495 $537,318  $ 4,934 $ 4,809 $ 7,327 $ 7,003 $ 3,041 $ 2,876 $ 183,807 $ 171,817 $1,987,852§ $1,810,736§  
" ·)ecurities registrations---0riginal applications Mutual investment companies (thousands) .... . ... .. .. ... .  $ 31,818  $ 20,605  $ 27,675  $  77,591§ $  38,535§  
_.,,  All other corporate securities Texas companies (thousands) Other companies (thousands)  ... . ...... .. ..... . . .. . . .. . .. . ......... ... .... .  $ 25,519 $ 13,162  $ 5,410 $ 21,221  $ 2,915 $ 6,327  $ $  40,899§ $ 66,646§ $  8,507§ 13,158§  
:ecurities registrations renewals l[!t) Mutual investment companies (thousands) . . .. . . ....... .. . ' Other corporate securities (thousands) .... .... . .. . . . .... .  $ 38,407 $ 2,326  $ 5,722 $ 1,711  $ 29,898 $ 0  $ $  64,771§ $ 4,067§ $  53,067§ 1,992§  
1. LABOR  
# 'ranufacturing employment in Texas (index)t . .. . ... . .. . .... . JI ''otal nonagricultural employment in Texas (index)t ....... . .. . l ',verage weekly hours-manufacturing (index)t . . .. . .. . ...... . I ·.verage weekly earnings-manufacturing (index)t ... . ... . .. . . J :otal nonagricultural employment (thousands)t . . . ... .. .. . .. . . JI Total manufacturing employment (thousands) t ...... . . . .. , Durable-goods employment (thousands)t . . .......... . Nondurable-goods employment (thousands)t .... ..... .  135.4. 132.9 * 100.6 * 132.2 * 3,303.3. 655.8 * 358.5 * 297.3 *  135.0 * 132.4 . 100.5 * 131.6 * 3,287.6 * 653.2 * 355.4 * 297.8.  131.1 r 127.8 r 101.3 127.3 r 3,175.3 r 634.8 r 336.8 r 298.0 r  133.2 131.1 101.0 128.8 3,240.3 645.6 348.5 297.1  127.7 124.8 102.0 125.2 3,097.5 618.9 326.3 292.6  
" !  otal nonagricultural labor force in selected labor-market · areas (thousands) t . . .... . . . . . .. . .. .. . . . .. . . .. ...... .. . Employment in selected labor market areas (thousands)t . . . Manufacturing employment in selected labor-market areas (thousands) t .... . . .. . .... . .. ... ... . .... .  3,082.8 2,926.0 564.6  3,055.2 2,910.8 561.9  2,974.3 2,798.8 529.7  3,044.6 2,871.4 552.4  2,914.8 2,732.4 516.1  
.-/ REV~  Total unemployment in selected labor-market areas (thousands) t ....... . ... · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Percent of labor force unemployed in selected labor-market areast ... . . .. . . . . ... . ... .. .... .. .  88.1 2.9  75.9 2.5  91.8 3.1  89.7 2.9  97.0 3.3  

~ l'l..., c:::  > c::: Ul...,  ..., ~ l'l  t:i:I c::: ~  DIRECTORY OF TEXAS MANUFACTURERS,  
~ z ~ l'l  ?! ..., l'l  c::: z <l'l trj >c:::  1967-1968  
iO c::: l'l  ><>Ul  ~ Ul H...,  0 >'%j  In  this  nineteenth  edition,  and  complete  revision,  of  the  
Ul..., l'l l::l  """ 00 ;::! ""  >< 0 "1 ..., l'l ><>Ul  t:i:I c::: r:n. ..... z trj r:n. r:n.  Bureau of Business Research directory of Texas manufacturers nearly 11,000 such companies are cross-indexed by name, by location, and by products. Part One is a complete alphabetical listing of firms by name, with their home offices. Part Two, an alphabetical listing of manufacturing plants by cities,  
~  indicates  each firm's  products by  Standard  Industrial  Classi­ 
t:z:j </). trj > ~  fication number, the approximate number of employees, distibu­tion of products, up-to-date addresses, names of proprietors or executives, and the year of establishment. Part Three lists  
0 ::i::  Texas plants according to products which they manufacture as classified by the Standard Industrial Classification number,  
with geographical subclassification under each product category.  
A  list  of  Texas  counties  in  which  manufacturing plants  are  
located and  an  alphabetical index of products made  in Texas  
complete the contents of this comprehensive directory of Texas  
manufacturers.  
686 pp.  $20.00  
Bureau of Business Research  
The University of Texas at Austin  
Austin, Texas 78712