.) l 3 I~ n,l JULY 1967 r-i: T"'-­ l ( REVIEW A Monthly Summary of B1tsiness and Economic Conditions in Texas BUREAU OF BUSINESS RESEARCH: THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW XL I, NO. 7, JULY 1967 VOL. Editor, Stanley A. Arbingast; Associate Editor, Robert H. Ryan; Managing Edlitor, Graham Blackstock Editorial Board: Stanley A. Arbingast, Chairman; John R. Stockton; Francis B. May; Robert H. Ryan; Graham Blackstock CONTENTS BUSINESS RESEARCH COUNCIL ARTICLES George Kozmetsky, Dean of the College of Business Ad­ministration (ex officio); John R. Stockton, Jessamon 185: THE BUSINESS SITUATION IN TEXAS, by Robert B. Dawe, James R. Kay, Stephen L. Klasson, and W. T. Tucker McDonald, Charles R. Williamson 188: ANATOMY OF TEXAS AIRLINE TRANSPORTATION: II, by BUREAU OF BUSINESS ~EARCH Robert H. Ryan Director: John R. Stockton 194: TEXAS BUILDING CONSTRUCTION IN MAY, by Stanley ·AB8ociate Director and Resources Specialist: Stanley A. A. Arbingast Arbingast Assistant to the Director: Florence Escott CHARTS AND TABLES Consulting Statistician: Francis B. May Administrative Assistant: Cynthia Bettinger 185 : TEXAS BUSINESS ACTIVITY Research Associates: Charles 0. Bettinger, Graham Black­ 186: SELECTED BAROMETERS OF TEXAS BUSINESS stock, Carl A. Faulkner, Otis D. Horton, Jr., Ida M. Lambeth, Robert M. Lockwood, Robert H. Ryan, Elizabeth 186: NONRESIDENTIAi. BUILDING AUTHORIZED IN TEXAS R. Turpin, Joyzelle Wilke, Robert B. Williamson 187: TEXAS INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION Research Howard, Assistants: James T. Fergus, Jr., Kathryn Powell, Joe Pat Wicker, Claire James S. E. 187: BUSINESS-ACTIVITY INDEXES FOR 20 SELECTED TEXAS Willingham CITIES Statistical Assistants: Mildred Anderson, Constance 189: AIR-CARRIER ENPLANEMENTS AND TOTAL AIRCRAFT Cooledge, Margaret Tannich OPERATIONS AT SELECTED TEXAS AIRPORTS, CALENDAR Statistical Technicians: Doris Dismuke, Mary Gorham YEARS 1965 AND 1966 Cartographers: Michael E. Bonine, G. Alan Smith, Eliza­ 190: MINIMUM AIR FARE PER MILE: SELECTED TEXAS beth E. Snoddy, Doug Winters, Jr. ROUTES Library Assistant: Merle Danz 191: INDEXES OF TEXAS AIRLINE TRAFFIC, 1965, IN CITIES Senior Secretary: Betty Sue Hoch WITH INTERSTATE AIR-CARRIER SERVICE Senior Clerk Typists: Carolyn Harris, Jarrie McCarty, 194: RESIDENTIAL BUILDING AUTHORIZED IN TEXAS Victoria Moore, Peggy Wilmot 195: ONE-FAMILY, TWO-FAMILY, AND APARTMENT-BUILDING Senior Clerk: Salvador B. Macias DWELLING UNITS IN METROPOLITAN AREAS MAY 1967 Clerical Assistants: Berge Garabedian, Sandra Hooper, 196: LOCAL BUSINESS CONDITIONS Martha McDonald, Joseph H. Sevier BAROMETERS OF TEXAS BUSINESS (inside back cover) Offset Press Operators: Robert Dorsett, Daniel P. Rosas Published monthly by the Bureau of Business Research, Graduate School of Business, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712. Second-class postage paid at Austin, Texas. Content of this publication is not copyrighted and may be reproduced freely, but ackno;vl­edgment of source will be appreciated. The views expressed by authors are not nec.,...arily those of the Bureau of Business Research. SubscnP­ tion, $3.00 a year; Individual copies, 26 cents. The Bureau of Business Research is 8 member of the Associated University Bureaus of Business and Economic Research. THE BUSINESS SITUATION IN TEXAS Robert B. Williamson Business activity in Texas is moving upward at an accelerating pace, according to the latest available infor­mation. The index of Texas business activity showed a seasonally adjusted increase of 5 percent in May to reach a new record high amounting to nearly 195 percent of the 1957-59 base-period average. The May index reflected a 10 percent growth from May 1966, which is an improve­ment over the year-to-year growth rate of 7 percent recorded for April. The average annual growth rate of Texas business activity during the first five months of 1967 was 9 percent. A general slowing of economic growth throughout the nation beginning in the latter part of 1966 and divergent trends among individual economic indicators resulted in some uncertainty and differences of opinion during recent months regarding the true status and direction of general business activity in both Texas and the nation as a whole. The Texas business-activity index showed a moderate sag during the second half of 1966, but the index has been on a generally rising trend thus far in 1967. The Texas industrial-production index, another broad but sensitive measure of changes in Texas economic activity, maintained a fairly steady rise throughout 1966 and has done no worse than show a leveling tendency during the first four months of this year. In May the Texas production index joined the upward trend of the state's business-activity index. Texas industrial production registered a seasonally adjusted gain of 2 percent during the month to reach a record high equal to more than 154 percent of the 1957-59 average. Compared with May of last year, the production index reflected an above­normal growth rate of 6 percent. Despite some signs of economic weakness, neither Texas nor the nation as a whole experienced an actual, full­fledged recession of general business activity in 1966. Nor is there sufficient evidence to say that the weakness in national economic trends thus far during 1967 constitutes a true recession. With specific reference to Texas business, the available data in fact will support the opposite con­clusion-that activity has been on an uptrend thus far in 1967. Important factors accounting for the current expansion in Texas business activity include widely distributed gains in Texas industrial production. Major increases in the state over the past year have occurred in military air­craft manufacturing, other defense production, electric­power generation, other utilities production, and oil re­fining. Crude-oil production in Texas, although showing no increase in May compared with May 1966, averaged about 3 percent higher during the first five months of 1967 compared with the same five-month period of 1966. The short war between Israel and its Arab neighbors that took place during June will provide a stimulus of uncertain duration and size to further increases in Texas crude-oil production. The resulting blockage of the Suez Canal, a partial shutdown of oil facilities in the Arab countries, and an Arab embargo against shipments to the United States and the United Kingdom will reduce supplies of Middle East oil for the Western world and will raise demands for oil from Texas and other producing areas. Some effect on Texas oil production already has been felt. The Texas Railroad Commission approved an emergency increase of allowable oil production for the last half of June to 35.9 percent of maximum permissible output from the 33.8-percent rate previously set for June. A further TEXAS BUSINESS ACTIVITY INDEX-ADJUSTED FOR SEASONAL VARIATION-1957-59 = 100 250 250 200 200 150 150 100 100 50 50 0 0 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 NOTE: Shaded areas indicate periods of decline of total business activity in the United States. SOURCE: Based on bank debits reported by the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas and adjusted for seasonal variation and changes in the price level by the Bureau of Business Research. increase to 42.9 percent of nominal capacity, the highest rate in several years, was approved for July. The pre­vious recent high had been 37.5 percent in January. This had been the highest since the present system of setting allowable production was established in 1963. It has been estimated that existing production and pipe­line capacity would permit a usable increase of about 20 percent to 30 percent in Texas crude-oil production for delivery to Gulf ports, but it is not considered likely that there will be a continuing demand for full utilization of this capacity under the present circumstances. During the nearly five months when the Suez Canal was closed because of the 1956-1957 crisis, Texas crude-oil production was increased by a seasonally adjusted 9 percent. Although the state regulatory commission appears to be more ready to permit quick increases in Texas oil production this time, there may be less need for a large increase in Texas pro­duction in the current emergency. Factors weighing against the development of a large demand for Texas oil production from existing wells at the present time include the generally more ample world supplies of oil compared with the situation prevailing at the time of the Suez Canal closing in 1956; larger, faster, and more numerous oil tankers to carry the available low-cost foreign oil supplies; a reduced dependence on the Suez Canal to bring Middle East oil to the west because of new pipelines from Middle East fields to the Mediterranean and the use of the new faster tankers to ship oil around the Cape of Good Hope; and the apparent desire of the Arab nations to maintain supplies of oil to the Western world to avoid losing their major markets to other suppliers. A long-run effect of the recent Middle East war on the Texas oil in­dustry could come from the fresh reminder which the war provided regarding the uncertainty of foreign oil supplies and an incentive for increased efforts to expand domestic supplies. Construction -is another important supporting factor in the current expansion of Texas business. The seasonally adjusted value of urban building permits issued in Texas rose in May to a level 21 percent higher than in April and 16 percent higher than a year earlier. The sharpest in­crease was in residential building, but seasonally adjusted nonresidential building authorizations also rose in May, up 7 percent from April and 8 percent from May 1966. The value of Texas nonresidential building authorizations for the first five months of 1967 totaled 3 percent higher than a year earlier, with some of the largest increases being for educational buildings, industrial buildings, and works and utilities. A major source of demand for nonresidential buildings is business investment in new plant and equipment. Avail­able national surveys show that such investment spending was scheduled to decline about 2 percent from last fall's peak level during the first half of 1967 and then to resume expansion at a moderate rate during the second half of the year. For 1967 as a whole the growth in the volume of plant and equipment expenditures is forecast at a 3­percent rate compared with a gain of 7 percent in 1966. Most major industry groups plan some increase in invest­ment spending during 1967. A comparison of Texas and national data for commercial and industrial building au­thorizations indicates that Texas trends in business invest­ment have been stronger than the national trends thus far in 1967. A national economic environment of rising busi- SELECTED BAROMETERS OF TEXAS BUSINESS (Indexes-Adjusted for seasonal variation-1957-59=100) P ercent change May Year-to­ 1967 date from Index May 1967 Apr average 1967 . 1967 Apr 1967 Texas business activity ...... ... 194.6 1S6.6 1S7.6 + 5 Crude-petroleum production .... 106.0 * 108.8 • 103.5 + 5 Crude-oil runs to stills.......... 12.8.9 126.2 121.6 + 3 Total electric-power use........ . 213.8 • 212.3 * 202.7 + 1 Industrial electric-power use.... 1S8.1 '' 194.0 • 1S6.6 3 Ba nk debits ... 205.9 195.4 198.4 + 6 Ordinary-life-insura nce sales ... 206.5 174.2 183.4 + 19 Building construction authorized .163.9 135.7 144.l + 21 New residential ... 133.2 97.6 105.8 + 36 New nonresidential .... 212.3 199.2 206.6 + 7 Total industrial production. . .. 154.2 • 151.3 • 162.7 + 2 Miscellaneous freight carload­ ings in S.W. district. 86.3 89.8 85.1 4 Total nonfarm employment. . .. . 130.6 * 130.Z • 130.0 ** Manufacturing employment .... 132.6 • 132.2 • 132.1 •• Total unemployment 72.3 68.4 69.0 + 6 Insured unemployment 43.8 48.9 49.9 -10 Average weekly earnings.-­ manufacturing .. . 128.6 • 128.2 • 127.0 •• Average weekly hou rs-­manufacturing ..... 101.7 • 101.5 • 101.1 •• Year-to­date average 1967 . f rom 19~ + 9 + + 6 + 12 + 10 + 9 + 6 + 3 + 7 + 4 + 6 -6 + 6 -11 -12 + 2 2 •Preliminary. •• Change is less than one half of 1 percent. NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDING AUTHORIZED IN TEXAS" L~DEX-ADJUSTED FOR SEASONAL VARIATION-1'57·51= 100 19.54 195.5 19.56 1957 1951 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 196' 1965 1966 1967 ness investment demands should provide opportunities for further advances in Texas nonresidential building activity during the second half of 1967. Investment by consumers in new housing, in contrast to the decline in business investment, showed expansion in both Texas and the nation during the first part of 1967. The expansion is to a large extent a recovery from the very depressed levels reached by homebuilding during the latter part of last year. Urban residential building authorizations in Texas rose in May to a seasonally adjusted 133 percent of the 1957-59 average, a level 21 percent higher than that of a year earlier and more than twice as high as the low point reached last September. The recovery of homebuilding has been associated with an easing of monetary policy, a slowing of credit demands for other kinds of investment, and an increase in the pre­viously short supplies of credit for homebuilding. Lately, the residential mortgage market has tended to tighten again as some long-term interest rates have edged up­ward. On the other hand, a major objective of present gov- ernment monetary and fiscal policies, apparently, is to prevent a serious mortgage-money squeeze in 1967, even if a federal government tax increase is necessary to achieve this objective. Monetary and fiscal policies since the start of the year have been used aggressively to prevent a decline in economic activity. Monetary policy actions have contributed to unusually large increases in bank credit and in total money supplies. Meanwhile, federal government spending has continued to rise. Although the largest increases have been for national defense, other kinds of federal spending have risen also. The federal budget deficit during the first quarter was at annual rates of $1.2 billion on a cash-budget basis and over $10 billion on the more meaningful national­income-accounts basis. Some unofficial forecasts place the federal government's cash-budget deficit at $15 billion or more in the fiscal year beginning this July, assuming taxes are not increased and spending for Vietnam speeds up as expected. This would provide a massive stimulus to economic expansion beginning in the second half of 1967. The Texas economy has received a sizable stimulus from federal government spending already this year. Be­ sides the large increases in Texas defense production, federal government civilian employment in the state rose to 162,500 persons, or to 5 percent of the state's non­farm employment total, as of May. This represented an increase of over 9 percent in the number of federal civilian workers since a year ago, or nearly double the average growth rate for all nonfarm employment in the state. The agricultural sector is not giving much support to the growth of Texas business activity this year. Comprehensive, up-to-date facts on Texas agricultural production and income trends are lacking, but partial in­formation suggests that receipts from Texas farm market­ings during 1967 will approximate the levels of 1966. The. outlook for Texas crop income is mixed. The winter wheat crop in Texas this year is expected to be at least 20 percent below last year's crop, because of such various adverse influences as drought, freezes, hail, and insects. On the basis of early indications that Texas acreage in cotton will be about the same as last year S;_nd that cotton prices probably will be unchanged, estimates of farm income from the state's important cotton crop dur­ing the 1967-1968 season are expected to be near last year's depressed level. Except for some kinds of vegetables, production and sales of most other crops in Texas are expected to be higher. An especially large increase is in­dicated for the Texas citrus crop during the 1966-1967 TEXAS INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION* INDIX-A.DJUBTl:D roa BASON.U vARU.TION-lt5T·5' = 100 350 350 300 300 250 250 200 200 150 150 100 100 50 50 195' 1955 1956 1957 1951 195' 1960 1961 1962 1963 ,,... 1965 1966 1967 •wa.autacture1 and mln•rala (ID.cludlna crude-oil and natural-gat production). NOTE: Shaded areu lncilcate perlod• o! decline o r total bu1ine.. activity In the United Statu. SOUR.CE: Bated on bank debltl reported by the Federal Reeerve Bank of Dalla• and adj1u11d for aea1oa.al vadatlon and cban111 in the pT1c1 hvel by the Bureau of Bu•in••• Reflu .r c:h. JULY 1967 crop year, with production put at 9 million boxes compared with about 5 million boxes in the preceding year. As usual, two thirds or more of the crop consists of grapefruit. Texas livestock and livestock-products sales have been running slightly higher than a year ago according to the latest available reports. For the year, total revenues from livestock and products are likely to be about the same as last year's total. Consumer expenditures have tended to lag behind in­creases in total business activity and in personal income in both Texas and the nation. This has been a major source of weakness in the economy, contributing to burdensome inventory levels and causing cutbacks in production and in business spending for new plant and equipment. Re­tail sales in Texas during the January-May period were up only 3 percent from the same period of 1966 while durable-goods sales were 2 percent below the year-ago period. The types of durable-goods stores showing sales declines included automotive stores, farm-implement dealers, and lumber and building-material dealers. Texas retail sales during May showed new strength compared with a year ago. Total sales were 7 percent high­er than last May while durable-goods sales were 8 per­cent higher. Automotive stores, furniture and household­appliance stores, and lumber and building-material dealers led the gain in durable-goods sales during May. Another favorable sign regarding consumer spending trends is the fact that recent national surveys show that consumers have become more optimistic about the economic outlook during the past few months. Such a change in attitude could lead to a further pickup in the purchases of durable goods such as automobiles and , major household appliances. Whereas the growth of business activity in Texas and the nation slowed down after mid-1966, there does not appear to have been a true business recession during this period and there is increasing evidence of renewed busi­ ness expansion in recent months, especially for Texas. BUSINESS-ACTIVITY INDEXES FOR 20 SELECTED TEXAS CITIES (Adjusted for seasonal variation-1957-59= 100) Percent change Index May 1967 Apr 1967 Year-to­date average 1967 May 1967 from Apr 1967 Year-to­date average 1967 from 1966 Abilene , , , , H3.2 140.3 144.9 + 2 + 2 Amarillo '' ' ' 178.6 157.0 170.9 + 14 - 2 Austin '' .216.6 202.9 201.2 + 7 + 12 Beaumont '' 190.4 179.8 184.2 + 6 + 6 Corpus Christi ' ' 143.8 137.1 140.7 + 5 + 5 Corsicana ''' ' ' 168.9 145.7 151.4 + 16 + 8 Dallas '' ' '' '''' '' . 216.0 226.6 2-15.8 - 5 + 12 El Paso 143.4 128.7 182.9 + 11 + 10 Fort Worth ', 147.2 136.4 141.1 + 8 + 6 Galveston Houston ''' '' '' '' ll8.8 ' . ' ' ' 201.3 107.4 201.3 114.5 200.9 + 11 •• + 1 + 10 Laredo ''' '' '' ''' ' 192.7 184.0 183.8 + 5 + 11 Lubbock ''' '' '' '' ' 169.1 ,152.3 157.4 + 11 5 Port Arthur ' ' ' ' ' 121.3 106.2 118.9 + 14 + 8 San Angelo 144,2 131.1 144.0 + 10 + 2 San Antonio ' ' ' ' ' ' 171.8 16-0.8 167.1 + 7 + 2 Texarkana ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 221.5 Tyler '"""'' '' ,, 147.2 200.2 142.9 207.7 145.2 + 11 + 3 + 20 •• Waco ''''' ' 149.3 168.7 155.1 9 + 2 W ichita Falls '' '' ' 134.0 124.8 132.7 + 7 - 7 *" Cha nge is less than one half of 1 percent. ANATOMY OF TEXAS AIRLINE TRANSPORTATION: II Robert H. Ryan "Very probably before 1950 a successful aeroplane will have soared and come home safe and sound." H. G. Wells, 1902 Haste was always the keynote of aviation. A year after Wells' conservative prediction, Orville Wright flew. If he did not precisely soar, at least he gave the air age its first jolt of momentum. By 1950, Mr. Wells' target date, the first airborne cocktail hour had been instituted, by Northwest Airlines. Meanwhile the structure of a major industry had crystallized about the nuclear idea of hurry­ing somewhere through the air. Texas was one of the early scenes in aviation history. A military aviation section was organized at Fort Sam Houston in 1910, with one plane, one officer, and orders that he "teach himself how to fly." The officer, Lieutenant Benjamin Foulois, did teach himself, well enough to set a world speed record (55.7 mph) the following year, flying between Laredo and Eagle Pass. In 1917 a School of Military Aeronautics was set up at The University of Texas with 9 cadets; it soon had 1,200 in training for World War I service and was the largest such school in existence. Texas' first passenger airline was carrying adventurous travelers between Dallas, Fort Worth, Houston, Galveston, and San Antonio by 1928. Today twenty-seven Texas cities have interstate airline service, and seven more have intra­ state service. But of all the airline passengers boarding at Texas airports, the vast majority, as Table 1 shows, are enplaned at the ·four largest air hubs--Dallas, Houston, San Antonio, and El Paso. This concentration of air traffic at a few major centers accounts for some of the most disturbing problems of air transportation. Commercial aviation's ground forces have lagged seriously behind the airborne services and equip­ ment. Late last year President Johnson named a task force to investigate "a new approach for planning and develop­ ing a national system of airports." A government state­ ment issued at that time was as remarkable for its pessimism as for its imagery: "As we look ahead into the 1970's, we don't want to be strangulated and throttled by airport bottlenecks." During the period from 1966 through 1969 planned airport development across the nation will cost about $2 billion, with approximately a third of the funds coming from federal agencies·. Acquiring the amount · of land needed for a major air­ port is difficult if the airport is to be within reasonable distance of the city it will serve. In 1964 Houston spent $4.5 million for a 7,000-acre airport tract. The projected Dallas-Fort Worth Regional Airport will occupy a minimum of 11,600 acres. In years to come, even larger fields may be needed. Once an airport is built, expansion of the field can be prohibitively costly. Tracts adjacent to San Antonio International Airport, for example, have increased in value to $25,000 an acre or more, and around larger airports the values are even higher. Proposals have been made to solve the airport land problem in coastal cities by building runways over water, either on piers or on floating structures. Some of these projects may be entirely unrealistic. It is possible, though, that Oscar Bakke's suggestion of an air strip extending over the Hudson River to serve midtown New York may actually be built. · In any event, such plans have special interest for cities on the Gulf Coast, especially Houston. If the sonic boom generated by supersonic transport (SST) planes prohibits their use over populated land areas they will still be invaluable for transoceanic travel. It is not beyond reason that a shoreline or over-water landing facility might be built in the Houston-Galveston metropolitan complex dur­ing the 1970's or 1980's to handle overseas SST flights. The Federal Aviation Agency indicates that by 1980 about 17 percent of free-world air travel will be by SST. When Houston becomes an SST terminal it will be within about three hours of Honolulu and five and one-half hours of Buenos Aires. It is quite likely that a city the size of Houston will generate enough intercontinental travel to justify building special SST facilities if it is found neces­sary to isolate their noisy operations. (It remains to be seen whether less drastic noise-control measures will be successful.) If overland SST operations are forbidden, Houston passengers will probably be able to reach Europe more quickly than Seattle. Najeeb E. Halaby, former ad­ministrator of the Federal Aviation Agency, now Pan American World Airways' senior vice president, had in­formed the Texas Business Review that he expects Hous­ton to have SST service in ten years or less. Dallas' pre-eminence as a Texas air center was put in jeopardy on June 6 of this year, when the voters of Dallas County rejected a bond issue proposed for initial financing of the North Central Texas Airport Authority. The Au­thority would represent a long-sought vehicle for co­operation between Dallas and Fort Worth, which are only thirty-one highway miles apart but which have always maintained separate airline airports. Especially since the coming of jet aircraft the landing of flights at two airports not far apart has become extremely uneconomical. The airlines have generally responded by dropping one of the stops from most of their schedules. In the choice between Dallas and Fort Worth the loser has usually been Fort Worth. The result has been virtual abandonment of Fort Worth's relatively new Greater Southwest International Airport and serious congestion at Dallas' Love Field. Already Love Field has been cited by the Air Transport Association as needing immediate cor­rective action, and its traffic continues to grow. (The only other Texas airport on the most-congested list is Houston International Airport, to be superseded by Houston's new Intercontinental Airport within the coming year.) To date the double-barreled Dallas-Fort Worth metro­ politan zone still has an impressive lead in air traffic, over twice the passenger enplanements of Houston. Sound geographic reasons support the Dallas-Fort Worth leader­ ship. The two cities are far enough inland and far enough from cities of comparable size to have a very large service area, or "airshed." Dallas for many.years has served as a transfer point for passengers from much of Texas and Oklahoma in changing from local carriers to trunk lines. By contrast the combined Houston-Galveston metropolitan area borders on the Gulf of Mexico and thus collects transfer passengers from only about half the points of the compass. Dallas, furthermore, has long been a leading stop on transcontinental air routes, notably those served by American Airlines. Houston, on the other hand, is farther from the direct paths from the Northeast to California. Today the combined Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan areas still total slightly larger than the Houston-Galveston areas in population. By the year 2000, however, Houston­Galveston will have exceeded Dallas-Fort Worth in popula­tion, according to forecasts adopted by the State of Texas. As long ago as 1965, Civil Aeronautics Board Examiner Ross Newman warned North Texans: "Houston is mov­ing. They are thinking of doing things better than Fort Worth and Dallas. They are ahead of you." Even so, the Dallas-Fort Worth airport plans, if they are carried through without too much delay or too much revision, will give those cities much the most elaborate air­ travel center in the Southwest. Completion of the first stage of this superdrome is projected to cost $216 million, not including land acquisition. Terminal and parking structures alone are expected to total $80 million in cost; grading, paving, and drainage expenses of $43 million are scheduled to provide the first four runways. Ultimately six runways, ranging in length from 11,000 to 14,000 feet are planned for the airport. Planners now believe more traffic will be handled at the Dallas-Fort Worth field in 1980 (10,650,000 enplaned passengers) than was previously foreseen for 1985. On the average day approximately 100,000 persons--passengers, employees, and visitors--will come to the airport, about 52 percent of them passengers. With 70,000 vehicular trips to and from the terminal intensifying the parking prob­ lem, space for 19,000 cars has been drawn into the plans; about half the parking area will be provided in multilevel garages within the terminal complex itself. Initial de­ velopment of the terminal buildings allows for about 1,500,000 square feet of space, one third for passenger operations, one third for cargo operations, and the remain­ing third for public areas, concessions, and the like. During the period when four-engine jet aircraft were replacing piston equipment, the number of passengers en­planed at Dallas per flight departure trended upward from 21.1 in 1960 to 35.2 in 1964. (Comparable increases were registered at most major cities.) For 1970 an average of 60 is foreseen, and for 1980, an average of 94. These predicted increases reflect the anticipated use of planes with 400+ passenger capacities, such as the Boeing 747. In Dallas-Fort Worth, Houston, and other major air ·hubs these giant jets are being counted on to relieve con­gestion of landing facilities by carrying far more passengers and cargo per flight. Total flight operations (takeoffs and landings) at Dallas are already nearing 60 per hour at peak periods, and the number is expected to reach 70 in 1970 and 92 in 1980. These totals include cargo, private, and military flight operations, which far exceed in number the scheduled airline operations. It is these non­passenger activities that are expected to occupy fully the facilities of the present airline airports at Dallas and Fort Worth after the new field is in use. Fort Worth's Greater Southwest International Airport, in fact, may be closed entirely to fixed-wing aircraft operations and used for research and development, especially concerning heli­copters. Dallas-Fort Worth is not the only trouble spot in airport planning and construction. The new Houston Inter­continental Airport, at one time slated for completion by May 1967, is now expected to be in use some time between December 1967 and May 1968. According to airline pilots the $100-million project, sixteen miles north of the city, is well out of the smog belt that makes landings at the present Hou!'ton International Airport sometimes dif­ficult. At the new f. eld 9,400-foot runways (later to be ex­tended to 12,000 feet) will parallel, or: both sides, a series of five terminal buildings connected by subways. Only two of the terminals are being built initially. From each Table 1. AIR-CARRIER ENPLANEMENTS AND TOTAL AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS AT SELECTED TEXAS AIRPORTS. CALENDAR YEARS 1965 AND 1966 Passenger enplanements Total aircraft operations • Percentage Percentage Airport 1965 1966 change 1965 1966 change Abilene Municipal 30,534 34,146 11.8 62 ,144 79.172 27.4 Amarillo Municipal 121,690 15-0,553 23.7 89,709 107,261 19.5 Austin Municipal ··· ···· ··· 139,164 162,953 17.1 173,281 200,454 15.6 Jefferson County (Beaumont) 48,940 53,795 9.9 109,462 126,952 16.0 Corpus Christi International . 101,347 121,8&2 20.2 163,269 161,379 -2.2 Love Field (Dallas) ... . . . . ... . . . . 2,509,669** 3,169,225** 26.3 272,924 319,575 17.1 El Paso International. .......... 275,647 376,365 36.5 229,955 240,622 4.6 Greater Southwest (Fort Worth ) . 29,131 n.a. n.a. 148,596 185,790 25.0 Houston International 1,269,658 1,498,067 17.9 247,101 259,412 15.8 Lubbock Municipal . . . . . . . . . . . . 98,850 114,534 15.8 127,621 198,497 55.5 Midland-Odessa Air Terminal. 125,086 120,590 -4.6 105,609 128,293 21.5 San Antonio International . ........ ... .... 404,035 n.a. n.a. 16~.965 197,629 16.2 Waco Municipal . . . . . .. . . . 19,879 21,002 5.6 73,290 66,972 -0.9 Wichita Falls Municipal. 33,913 47,220 39.2 123,828 118,548 -0.4 • Each landing or takeoff is counted as an individual opi,ration; totals include military, private, and commercial operations. •• Fiscal-year data. n.a. Not available. Source: Passenger data for 1965 are from CAB-FAA Airport Activity Statistics of Certified Route Air Carriers. Aircraft-operations data for 1965 are from FAA Air Traffic Activity, Calendar Year 1965. Passenger data for 1966 are from preliminary reports by listed airports. Air­craft-operations statistics for 1966 are from the Chief of Air Traffic, FAA Southwest Region, Fort Worth, Texas. terminal building four "fingers" will lead to flight boarding stations, each station designed to accommodate five jet transport planes. Passengers will walk directly on to the planes without climbing steps. The terminal is planned to minimize the distance passengers must walk to reach their flights. The average distance from ticket counter to plane will be 350 feet; the maximum, 550 feet. Even so, passengers will have to walk considerably farther than they do at Washington's Dulles Airport, where they are seated in a buslike "mobile lounge" and driven from the waiting room to a boarding area. After completion of the Intercontinental Airport, Houston's International Airport will be converted, like Dallas' Love Field, to the use of private planes and to other nonairline purposes. As rapidly as Houston's population has grown in recent years, its importance as an air transportation center has increased much faster. The number of enplaning and deplaning passengers has .grown from 85,167 in 1944 to 2,599,561 in 1965, the latter number including 72,118 international passengers. Houston is Texas' only city with one-line jet service to Europe. San Antonio has chosen to develop its present airport rather than embark on an entirely new project, for its present facilities are more adequate to its needs than is the case in Dallas or Houston. San Antonio has participated, however, in CAB route investigations in an effort to im­prove its air service. The city itself is large enough to generate substantial passenger traffic, especially with its military population of more than 50,000. On the other hand, economic geography does not favor San Antonio; the city's market area, while extensive, is neither heavily populated nor high in per capita income. Improvements at the San Antonio International Airport include a satellite flight station similar to those being built at Houston. The satellite building, due to be com­pleted in December, will give passengers direct access to their planes through telescoping corridors that will attach to aircraft entrance doors. Texas' fourth-largest air center, El Paso, is singularly isolated from other major population concentrations­except for its sister city, Ciudad Juarez, just across the Mexican border. Yet ·El Paso-Juarez serves an awesomely large trade territory and stands at the intersection of southern transcontinental air, rail, and highway routes and north-south routes down the Rocky Mountain chain and into Mexico. In spite of this locational advantage, no direct El Paso-Mexico City air service is available. (Aeronaves de Mexico does operate ·one daily DC-6 flight each way between Juarez and Mexico City, but with two inter­mediate stops.) Passengers to Mexico City from Denver and the Northwest are generally routed somewhat more circuitously through Dallas or San Antonio rather than El Paso. According to El Paso International Airport Manager James R. Mettler, "There is no question that our primary problem in El Paso is one of too few seats and too few schedules." This is a familiar enough complaint by major airport operators but may well be truer in El Paso than in many places. El Paso passengers complain of the lack of convenient service between El Paso and Austin. In fact, one-plane service is offered between El Paso and Austin, but the flights, with two intermediate stops, take nearly three hours. Flights from El Paso to San Antonio, almost the same distance, take scarcely more than one hour by nonstop jet. Laredo is expanding its airport facilities by widening taxiways and the runway and extending its main runway to 7,200 feet. A new "Spanish-modern" terminal building designed to accommodate at least three airlines is also projected. At present Trans-Texas Airways, the only inter­state line serving Laredo, uses Laredo Air Force Base as its terminal because of the longer runways there. Airport officials hope Trans-Texas will move to the improved Laredo airport. Meanwhile Compafiia Mexicana de Aviaci6n (CMA) is preparing to offer scheduled service between Laredo and Monterrey beginning this summer. The Mexican line already flies into Mexico from Dallas, San Antonio, and Corpus Christi. Amarillo, like Laredo, now uses the runways of a local Air Force base for airline service. The city expects to construct, when military use of the base is abandoned next year, a new $2.3-million passenger terminal and to improve the crosswind runway. Already the field has the longest runway (13,000 feet) reported in commercial use in Texas. Midland-Odessa Regional Airport, a former Air Force base converted to municipal use, is currently completing a taxiway improvement program. Corpus Christi International Airport, with service into Mexico by both Trans-Texas and CMA, is constructing an International Arrivals Building to accommodate a flow of 100 passengers an hour. A runway extension program is also slated for the early 1970's. Wichita Falls is enlarging its municipal airport terminal building in the near future. The $150,000 project will double the size of the passenger station. Need for the expansion is indicated by increases in Wichita Falls air- MINIMUM AIR FARE PER MILE SELECTED TEXAS ROUTES Dallu:*· El Paso Midland-Ode98a ~.......... *==::.:··8.( 6:6 &.t ······~.9 ·· .. , 2·····... : ..... ••......, • • Aut;i•n*-•••91 ~ullon ... •, .··~~ .............*.....65······· • San Antonio Figures indicate minimum one•way fare per mile, in cenu, on 1cbeduled interstate line1. Table 2. INDEXES OF TEXAS AIRLINE TRAFFIC, 1965, IN CITIES WITH INTERSTATE AIR-CARRIER SERVICE (lOO= Average of all cities) Index of traffic Index of airline City generated• City service•• Dallas Dallas-Fort Worth••• ... . . ... . .. . .. . . . Midland-Odessa ..... . .. . . . ... . .. . . El Paso Houston AVERAGE Amarillo Lubbock Austin San Antonio Corpus Christi Wichita Falls Abilene .. San Angelo Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito Temple ......... . ... ............... . . Longview-Kilgore-Gladewater Beaumont-Port Arthur College Station-Bryan WB£o Tyler Laredo Brownwood . ....... . ........ . . . . Misaion-McAllen-Edinburg Victoria Bill' Spring Lufkin · Fort Worth Borger Paris Galveston ..... . 289.2 ......197.5 .l09.8 ... 108.8 ........102.6 ....100.0 99.4 75.8 75.4 66.8 50.5 36.5 35.0 33.3 27.1 26.7 25.2 21.2 21.2 17.8 16.9 16.3 14.5 14.5 10.2 8.9 8.7 6.5 5.8 5.8 1.9 200.6 Midland-Odessa Brownwood ..... ... . . 189.1 Lubbock . .179.9 Dallas . .... .......l78.9 Longview-Kilgore-Gladewater ....165.5 College Station-Bryan ... 156.9 Amarillo .153.2 Austin .142.7 San Angelo .. 137.9 Dallas-Fort Worth ••• .132.9 Abilene .. 124.9 Temple ........ ......... . .. 120.4 Tyler ......... . .... . . . . . . .......106.8 Big Spring . .103.4 Lufkin . ....100.3 AV.ERAGE .. 100.0 El Paso . .. . 94.6 Victoria 93.0 Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito 89.5 WB£o .. .. .. .. .. .. . . ............. .... ... . 85.1 Corpus Christi 75.7 Houston 72.7 Paris 68.8 Beaumont-Port Arthur 64.3 San Antonio 63.9 Wichita Falls 61.6 Laredo 60.8 Borger 58.2 Mission-McAllen-Edinburg 43.8 Fort Worth 36.5 Galveston 29.1 • Represents passenger traffic generated in relation to metropolitan population. (Enplaned passengers for 1965 divided by l960 SMSA population, or county population for nonmetropolitan cities, and expressed 88 an index value related to the average of all cities shown.) •• Represents the number of scheduled flights in relation to metropolitan population. (The 1960 SMSA population, or county population for non­metropolitan cities, divided by the number of scheduled airline flights, and expressed 88 an index value related to the average of all cities ahown.) "** Indexes for combined Dallas and Fort Worth SMSA population. Source: Bureau of Busineaa Research, based on aviation data from Civil line passenger boardings--39 percent from 1965 to 1966 and 13 percent the first quarter of 1967. McAllen and Rio Grande Valley (Brownsville) inter­national airports at the southern tip of Texas are both en­gaged in runway development projects. McAllen is now completing an International Arrivals Building, and Browns­ville is planning a complete new passenger terminal. New runway projects are under way at Waco, Borger, and Brownwood. The Waco N-S runway will be 6,000 feet long and capable of handling DC-9 jet service. Borger has already, and Brownwood will soon have, 5,600-foot run­ways. Tyler Airport will also have longer runways if recent studies prove the expansion to be practicable. Most of these cities, and other airline cities, too, are continually locked in half-cordial dispute with the air carriers that serve them. All the cities want better air service. All the airlines want to serve only the better cities, and as economically as possible. Texas cities with federally certificated air service are rated in Table 2 in terms of the quality of service they receive in relation to population and in terms of their relative traffic yields. It is clear that the largest cities tend to produce the most passengers, but not necessarily in proportion to their populations. The larger cities are also usually well served by the airlines, though Aeronautics Board and population data from U.S. Bureau of the Census. some, notably San Antonio and Houston, are below parity on the service scale. The index of service shown here does not take into account the differences in airplane capacities. Airlines would argue that a flight schedule by a full-size jet cannot be equated with a Convair 240 flight. On the other hand, frequent small-plane service over a short route is often a greater convenience to passengers than service by one or two larger planes daily. Neither does the service index include any measure of airline fares or class options. The accompanying map shows the striking differences between passenger fares per mile on some major routes in Texas. The 9.1-cents-per­mile rate between Austin and Houston is charged on propeller-driven Convair 240 flights operated by Trans­Texas, the only airline serving that route. On the other hand, the 5.9 cents per mile between San Antonio and El Paso applies to economy-class travel on Boeing jets operated by Continental and American, the two competing trunk lines on that route. The tax-paying passenger may be acutely aware of the fact that he not only pays an exceptionally high fare for his Houston-Austin travel but also helps support the carrier, Trans-Texas, by way of the government subsidy that line receives. (No trunk line serving Texas receives any federal subsidy.) The five trunk airlines flying rout.es between Texas points are, in alphabetical close file, American, Braniff, Continental, Delta, and Eastern. In addition to these, Trans World Airlines serves one Texas city, Amarillo. With six transcontinental flights touching down in Amarillo daily, Trans World provides that city with through-jet service to New York, Chicago, Washington, Los Angeles, and San Francisco, a route pattern that ranks Amarillo second only to El Paso among West Texas air hubs. American Airlines, the largest line serving Texas, typically links only major cities across the nation. In character with this route structure, it schedules stops in Texas' five largest cities only-Houston, Dallas, San Antonio, Fort Worth, and El Paso. Though its number­one position among domestic airlines has been won away during the last decade by United, American remains a close second in passenger traffic. American rose to its leading position in the late 1930's on the wings of the famous DC-3, which its engineers helped Douglas Aircraft -develop in 1936. At that time airline credit was so tenuous that American's president, Texan C. R. Smith, was unable to borrow from banks the $2 million he needed to purchase twenty DC-3's. Douglas put the planes into production anyway on Smith's promise to pay for them on delivery. The planes were delivered and paid for, largely with money loaned by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, directed then by another Texan, Jesse Jones. "The DC~3," according to Smith, "freed the airlines from complete dependence on government mail pay. It was the first airplane that could make money just by handling passengers." Between 1936 and 1939 available seat-miles on scheduled domestic airlines doubled, and by 1939 DC-3's were carrying about three quarters of the nation's air travelers.* A good share of those passengers were flying American. Immediately after World War II, American accomplished another coup in equipping itself for the postwar passenger market. The line ordered seventy-five Convair 240 air­ craft, still the largest number of planes ever ordered by one company at one time. It was a spectacularly favorable negotiation for American: the manufacturer, Consolidated Vultee, lost more money on the order than the $14.9 million American paid for the planes. American took the lead, too, in introducing the Lockheed Electra, a turboprop craft capable of cruising faster than 400 mph. But this venture was considerably less fortunate than the earlier purchases. Deliveries of Electras began late in 1958 but ran directly into competition from jets. The first scheduled Electra service (by Eastern Air Lines) began on January 23, 1959. Two days later American inaugurated transcontinental jet service with a Boeing 707-120. In fact, it was American Airlines' success with Boeing jets that gave that manu­ facturer its leadership in the production of passenger transport planes. American's initial order to Boeing was for thirty 707's at a price of $4.8 million each. The eventual cost of American's jets was boosted still higher by the fact that the line returned all its original jet fleet to Boeing for refitting with turbofan engines, at a cost • In all, 80llJle 13,000 DC-3's were built before the plane went out of production, more than ll.001> of these by Douglaa, the rest by foreign licenses. Of this total, 806 were built for airlines, most of the rest for military service. of about $1 million per plane. The "fan-jets" can com­plete a trip across the country in about twenty-five minutes less than nonfan-jets; they are quieter; they use less fuel. At last report American with its "Astrojets" en­planed an average of nearly 54 passengers per flight in Dallas, more than the average number boarding any other airline at any station in Texas. Other high enplanement averages were by Eastern Air Lines at Dallas (52 passengers) , Houston (52 passengers), and San Antonio (48 passengers); by Delta from Houston (52) and Dal­las ( 44) ; and by Continental from Houston ( 49). It is on such productive stops as these that airline profits largely depend. Braniff International Airways, a native Southwestern enterprise, was founded in 1928 as Tulsa-Oklahoma City Airlines. In later years, when asked about the origin of the line, founder Tom Braniff commented, "Well, back in 1928 I borrowed some money and bought an airplane. I've been borrowing money and buying airplanes ever since." By the 1960's Braniff had become one of the nation's ten largest air carriers, and by that time the line was a naturalized Texas business, with headquarters in Dallas. Braniff President Harding L. Lawrence has projected the line's growth in 1967 at a rate substantially higher than the industry average. During the past two years the line has doubled its revenue-passenger miles and cargo-ton miles and has tripled its profit. During 1967 Braniff is taking delivery on four Boeing 707-320C intercontinental jets, thirteen Boeing 727's. five Douglas DC-8-62's, and four DC-8's, the latter acquired with the purchase of Panagra Airlines at the beginning of 1967. Braniff bought the South American line from Pan American and W. R. Grace & Co., the former owners, for $30 million. The acquisition adds four cities in South America to Braniff's servi~e area. To promote its South American service Braniff filed in February for 29-percent to 36-percent discounts on U. S.-to-South America group fares. As an example, the discount sched­ule would lower the Miami-to-Rio de Janeiro round­trip fare to $351 from the prevailing economy fare of $551. Continental Air Lines, the third of the ABC trunk lines that serve Texas most intensively, was born as a minor-league air mail carrier between El Paso and Pueblo, Colorado. Management was taken over in 1937 by Robert F. Six, still president of the line. In his three­ decade administration Continental has made money in all but three years, 1938, 1941, and 1958. Continental's biggest expansion, particularly in Texas, took place in 1955, when the line bought Pioneer Air Lines, a .sizable local-service operation in Texas and New Mexico. About the same time Continental was certificated to fly be­ tween Chicago and Los Angeles, its first major-league route. In 1961 Continental was granted a nonstop route between Houston and Los Angeles. Delta Airlines, one of the pioneer carriers serving Dallas, has shown in the last few years one of the fastest growth rates in the industry. It has recently ranked first in equity per share of stock, second in sales increase, and second also in return on equity. Delta serves Dallas-Fort Worth with transcontinental flights from California to the Southeast. Delta service from Houston extends not only to the Southeast but also to Chicago and New York. During the next two years Delta is scheduled to take delivery on fifty-five new Douglas jets, at a total cost of more than a quarter-billion dollars. By the end of 1969 Delta will be capable of taking 11,139 passengers aloft in jets at one time. Eastern Airlines reaches its southwesternmost ter­minals in Texas. Eastern routes, concentrated primarily in the Atlantic Coast and Appalachian regions, stretch to the southwest as far as Dallas-Fort Worth, Houston, San Antonio, and Corpus Christi. Of the "Big Four'' domestic airlines, Eastern has long been the least profit­able, largely because of its unfortunate route struc­ture, which .interlaces the eastern portion of the country with many short, and unrewarding, flight stages. Several other airlines come into Texas, including Na­tional, Pan American, and, most important, the local­service carriers, Central and Trans-Texas. These latter lines differ from the major lines in their operations not only quantitatively but also qualitatively. The average American Airlines passenger flies 848 miles on that line; the average Braniff passenger, 531 miles. But the av­erage local-service-line passenger travels about 200 miles on-line-223 on Trans-Texas, and 207 on Central. More­over, trunk-line flights average over 300 miles between stations, but local carriers, only 100 miles. As a result of their high-cost stop-and-start operations and the fact that their flights usually carry far fewer passengers, the local-service lines operate at a loss: in 1964 44 cent per revenue ton-mile on Central and 22 cents on Trans-Texas. These figures, though, should not be understood to mean that the local lines are not viable businesses. In return for flying · some unproductive routes, presum­ ably in the interest of public convenience and necessity, the local carriers are rewarded with federal subsidies. In 1964 Central received $4,257,000 in subsidies; Trans­ Texas, $5,817,000. These payments put both lines clearly in the black. With increasing short-flight traffic and the effort of the CAB to give local lines some more profitable routes, it is possible that some of the local carriers may soon be able to fly without government support. Central Airlines has improved its passenger load fac­tor (the percentage of available seats actually occupied) from less than 22 percent in 1954 to nearly 40 percent in the early 1960's. Over the 1954-1964 period revenue passenger miles increased from 8,000 to 84,000 and freight and express traffic increased even more. In the mid-fifties Central was carrying an average of four or five passengers on planes with twenty-one available seats. Today, even with larger planes, about half the seats are generally occupied. Although Central is headquartered in Fort Worth, its route structure is oriented toward the states north of Texas. The line's most productive station is Kansas City, for Central schedules many of its flights through towns and cities of northern Arkansas and Oklahoma and Kansas, within the Kansas City trading area. In late spring, Central announced its proposed merger with Denver-based Frontier Airlines, a considerably larg­er company. Frontier's routes stretch across the moun­tain states from Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas (at El Paso only) north to Montana and the Dakotas and east across Nebraska to Kansas City. The merger remains to be approved by the Civil Aeronautics Board. Trans-Texas Airlines, a Houston company, has be­ come one of the most efficiently operated small lines in the industry. By 1964 it had achieved a break-even load factor of 52.3 percent, several points lower than most local lines though higher than some trunk lines (for example, Continental, 40.9 percent). Trans-Texas' golden triangle is its Dallas-Houston­ Austin route. During 1965 those three cities produced 434,000 of the line's total 948,000 enplaned passengers. Two legs of the triangle, Dallas-Austin and Dallas­ Houston, are now served by DC-9's, advertised as Pamper­ J ets by Trans-Texas. On those routes Trans-Texas faces stiff Braniff competition. But on the Austin-Houston leg, served by Trans-Texas alone, passengers are offered only one jet flight, in one direction, and pay a remarkably high fare whether they fly jet or prop planes. All the airlines mentioned thus far fly interstate routes and operate under CAB certification. Texas also has several intrastate lines, certificated by the Texas Aero­nautical Commission. Typical of these scheduled intra-Texas carriers is Davis Airlines, a Bryan-College Station service, which offers three round .trips daily between that station and Dallas. (Davis recently discontinued Bryan-Austin service.) The line has applied for permission to schedule two daily Bryan-Houston flights. Fleetway Airlines of Tyler is Texas' newest intrastate line, certificated at the end of May to provide scheduled service to Longview, Tyler, Waco, Austin, San Antonio, Palestine, Nacogdoches, and Houston. Airline operators, who lean toward dignified, respon­ sible-sounding names for their lines, were shaken a few years ago at the appearance of the Wild Goose Flying Service, a scheduled carrie1· linking San Antonio with Uvalde, Del Rio, and Eagle Pass. Orthodoxy won out over the pioneer spirit late in 1964, when the line changed its name to Southwest Airlines. After a series of route changes, Southwest discontinued its scheduled service except that between San Antonio and Kerrville. Heavy traffic in and out of the Manned Space Center near Houston has prompted the organization of the New NASA Commuter Airlines, connecting Clear Lake City, site of the space center, with the Houston airports and perhaps in the future with downtown Houston. A former RAF and British airline pilot, Michael Broom, established Hood Airlines in 1963, primarily to ferry servicemen between Dallas-Fort Worth and Fort Hood, in Central Texas. Advertising his company as the "world's smallest airline," Broom claimed to have built the line partly with tips he received as a waiter in Dallas' Old Warsaw Restaurant. Founder Broom sold the line early this year, after he had developed it into one of Texas' more substantial third-level carriers. At all three levels the Texas airline industry is due for enonnous increases in traffic during the coming decades. Disproportionately large gains in nonbusiness travel can be foreseen. The increase in pleasure trips by air will mean relative increases in flying by women, by adolescents, and by older persons. In all, the Texas . skies of the year 2000 may well be traveled by more Texans than live in the entire state today. TEXAS BUILDING CONSTRUCTION IN APRIL Stanley A. Arbingast May was an encouraging month for the Texas con­truction industry; the seasonally adjusted index of the value of permits issued leaped 16 percent to reach 163.9, the third highest level on record for the index. Only in December 1965 (167.5) and in August 1965 (183.6) did the index exceed the May 1967 value. Neither of the two major segments of the construction industry, residential and nonresidential, has been as active as usual in the past year, but the residential segment has been less dynamic than the nonresidential segment. High interest rates on home loans have been the major contributing factor to the Jag in new home con­struction in Texas and elsewhere. Although the level of interest charged is still high, there has been a general lowering of rates in recent months, and many economists feel that interest will drift still lower. On the other hand some believe that rates will climb back to former levels later this year. The general attitude of Texas economists seems to be that interest rates will remain steady or will decline slightly. The Texas outlook for expansion in construction ac­tivity should continue to be encouraging for several reasons. The number of persons employed is at an all­time high, and the number is expected to go even higher. New and expanded manufacturing installations and new service establishments are creating demands for new housing in many Texas communities. For example, the addition of one more pot line at Alcoa's Rockdale plant will mean that employment will increase by approxi­mately one hundred at the Rockdale aluminum smelting facility. An additional one hundred jobs in a community means an expansion in the demand for houses. New factories, such as the one which IBM is constructing in Austin, and the new Sprague Electric and Johnson & Johnson plants in Wichita Falls, are examples of units which have already caused increased demand for hous­ing in Austin and in Wichita Falls. These two metro­politan areas had the largest percentage increases over last year in permits issued for new one-family dwellings during the January-May period. Personal income, too, is at an all-time high, and the increase in retail sales reported for May seems to in­dicate that Texans are inclined to bank less of their income than earlier in the year. The propensity to save, which has been prevalent for the past several months because of the high interest rate, appears to be yielding to an urge to spend. In other words, there is less re­sistance to spending the amount of money it takes to buy a new house and there is less resistance to the cost of financing. More important, perhaps, than any of the stimuli cited above is the fact that the rate of family formation is expected to be high through 1980. The Census Bureau estimates that by 1980 there will be between 40 and 45 million more persons in the United States than there are today. A recent article in Business 'Week points out that it appears there will be an average annual market of at least 2.5 million new housing units every year during the middle 1970's. This is approximately twice the current annual rate of home construction for the nation. The average value per unit of housing has increased substantially during the last ten years. In 1958 the average cost of a one-family dwelling in Texas was $10,871. By 1967 the average authorized value for a one-family dwelling had increased to $15,826. The cost of each unit of a duplex has increased from $6,054 in 1958 to $9,051 in May 1967. The increase in cost of the average unit in a Texas apartment has been less notice­able The gain in cost of apartment units was only about $700, from $5,464 in 1958 to $6,163 in the first five months of 1967. From January through May 1967 the Standard Metro­politan Statistical Area with the largest number of au­thorizations issued for new one-family dwellings was Dallas, with 3,535 permits. This was an increase of 9 percent from the first five months of 1966. In the Houston Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area only 2,723 permits were issued, 15 percent fewer than in the first five months of 1966. In apartment building the Houston Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area was con­siderably ahead of the Dallas SMSA. In Houston permits for 19,450 apartment units were issued from January through May; in Dallas there were 15,928. Fort Worth ranked third with 9,939; Austin was fourth with 6,761; and San Antonio was fifth with 5,251. During the month of May alone permits for 895 new apartment units were issued by the city of. Houston, 451 units by Dallas, 385 by Arlington, 269 by Austin, 246 by San Antonio, and 224 by Fort Worth. Permits for nonresidential building in Texas increased by 6 percent in May from the preceding month, and thus far in 1967 are 3 percent ahead of the total for the first five months of 1966. A large part of all nonresiden­tial construction is always in the form of educational building, and the value of permits in this category is running 56 percent ahead of January-May 1966. Some of the larger permits issued in the educational category were for Abilene Christian College ($1,110,840), Alvin Independent School District ($679,000), The University RESIDENTIAL BUILDING AUTHORIZED IN TEXAS* 195.4 1'55 1956 1957 1'51 1959 1f60 1H1 1'62 1963 1964 lfU 1966 1967 • NOTE: Shaded auu Indicate period• o! declin• oi total bu• ineu activity In the United Stuu . Exclude• addltion1, alterations, and r•pair1, of Texas at Austin ($1,225,218), East Texas State Uni­versity at Commerce ($1,447,617), the Del Rio Inde­pendent School District ($1,750,000), the McAllen Inde­pendent School District ($559,000) Stephen F. Austin State College at Nacogdoches ($1,877,120), Southwest Texas State College at San Marcos ($3,750,000), and Texas Lutheran College at Seguin ($400,000). The largest permit for industrial construction issued by any municipality in May was one authorization in Grand Prairie for $6 million. Other sizable industrial permits were issued in El Paso, Burkburnett, and Arling­ton. Many industrial projects are located outside of permit-issuing areas and therefore are not reported to the Bureau of Business Research. In nonresidential building authorized during the first five months of 1967 Houston led all other Texas cities with $59,357,999. Austin, where much of the nonresiden­tial construction has been connected with the expansion of facilities at The University of Texas, was in second place with a total of $33,154,400. San Antonio, where much of the construction stems from preparations for the HemisFair, which opens in April 1968, was in third place with $25,359,244. Dallas was in fourth place with $24,299,097. Grand Prairie, Fort Worth, El Paso, and Lubbock followed in the order named. Interestingly, although Dallas is in fourth place among the larger cities in nonresidential building within the city limits, its Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area ranks first, exceeding the Houston SMSA by about $1 million. The total for the Dallas SMSA for the first five months in 1967 is $70,413,857 while the Houston SMSA total is $69,527,080. With employment up, the demand for housing on the increase, personal income high, and the rate of family formation growing, residential housing prospects are good. With permits for nonresidential construction in May 1967 and during the first five months of 1967 substantially greater in value than permits for April 1967 and for the first five months of 1966, this segment of the build­ing industry in Texas appears encouragingly robust. Construction seems to be heightening, currently, the generally bright aspect of the business situation in Texas. ONE-FAMILY, TWO-FAMILY, AND APARTMENT-BUILDING DWELLING UNITS IN METROPOLITAN AREAS, MAY 1967 t Value in thousands of dollars ONE-FAMILY DWiELLINGS TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS APARTMENT-BUILDING DWELLINGS Metropolitan area May 1967 No. of Value units J an-May 1967 Percent change Jan-May 1967 from J an-May 19&6 No. No. of of Value units Value units J an-May May 1967 1967 No. No. of of Value units Value units P ercent change Jan-May 1967 from J an-May 1966 No. of Value un its May 1967 No. of Value units Jan-May 1967 Percent change Jan-May 1967 from Jan-May 1966 No. of No. of unitsValue units Value Abilene 153 s 866 38 -68 -70 0 0 14 -63 -67 0 0 7 40 82 +2641 +1540 Amarillo 692 32 3,887 183 -22 -26 0 0 269 18 0 40 8 90 85 Austin 3,951 172 17,340 784 +s1 +31 413 so 1,62& 128 + 4 + 12 2,627 281 6,761 783 24 29 Beaumont-Port Arthur-Orange 665 41 3,845 230 -4 -11 0 58 4 + 76 -33 260 14 1,584 176 12 33 Brownsville-Harlin- gen-San Benito. 88 11 325 42 -58 -51 91 26 295 88 300 42 300 42 Corpus Christi 1,587 124 6,228 471 -9 -13 0 0 -100 -100 225 44 1,310 230 + . 14 + 4 Dallas .. ......... .12,041 814 55,87& 3,535 + 6 + 9 448 34 2,182 172 +163 +153 3,441 462 15,928 2,735 + + 10 El Paso 2,493 142 10,598 619 + 8 + 9 43 4 54 6 +235 +200 668 94 1,398 202 + 159 + l40 Fort Worth 5,470 375 24,413 1,649 + 9 + 4 0 0 508 60 + 40 •• 5,006 697 9,939 1.575 + 189 + 174 Galveston- Texas City &43 42 2,597 160 + 18 + 3 0 13 4 -92 -60 0 50 16 -66 + 33 Houston .... . . . . 11,1\5 607 48,950 2,723 -15 -15 148 24 508 88 -56 -57 3,438 919 19,4 50 3,480 + 9 + 13 Laredo 38 8 295 50 -20 -15 0 0 0 0 0 0 -100 -100 . Lubbock l , 134 52 4,862 235 -32 -41 189 20 509 60 -64 -32 100 20 350 60 -94 -94 McAllen-Pharr- Edinburg 185 25 1,384 170 -26 -23 0 -100 -100 0 0 0 0 Midland . . . . . . . . . . 776 Odessa 468 39 24 2,717 1,452 130 74 -27 -40 -31 -40 0 0 0 0 0 0 -100 -100 400 0 40 0 470 70 52 14 55 92 -·40 -' 91 San Angelo 302 24 1,401 115 + 10 + 4 0 0 -100 -100 535 72 635 100 + 186 + 150 San Antonio 3,325 327 13,424 1,210 -7 -3 36 4 404 54 +146 + 93 2,083 250 5,251 765 + 24 + 25 Texarkana 116 9 514 44 -40 -38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -100 -100 Tyler 36& Waw ~4 16 16 !. 764 1,602 87­94 40 -36 -39 -33 4 20 2 4 55 2 s + 8 •• 0 0 400 0 50 -100 -100 Wichita Falls 291 22 1,664 111 +24 +41 0 0 0 0 -100 -100 0 0 -100 -100 TOTAL METROPOLITAN AREAS .........46,173 2,928 206,004 12,754 -5 -5 1,392 146 6,499 692 + 8 + 12 19,084 2,935 &4,677 10,370 + 3 + 6 OUTSIDE METROPOLITAN 7,727 AREAS 542 34,695 2,455 -2.1 -22 74 12 !,240 163 + 71 + 66 831 138 4,317 824 47 35 TOTAL FOR STAT E . 53,901 3,470 240,700 15,209 -7 -8 1,4&& 158 7,739 855 + 15 + 20 19,915 3,073 68,994 11,194 3 + t Metropolitan areas are listed in accordance with 196& Bureau of the Census definition. This table includes only the cities reporting in metropolitan areas. ** Change is less than one half of l percent. LOCAL BUSINESS CONDITIONS I .... II Statistical data compiled by: Mildred Anderson, Constance Cooledge, and Margaret Tannich, statistical assistants, and Doris Dismuke and Mary Gorham, statistical technicians. Percent change Percent change May 1967 May 1967 May 1967 May 1967 May from from May from from City and item 1967 Apr 1967 May 1966 City and item 1967 Apr l,967 May 1966 ABILENE SMSA AMARILLO (pop. 155,205 r)(Jones and Taylor; pop. 121,343 a) Retail sales + 6 t 5 + 8 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1.804,600 + 703 -14 Automotives stores + 4 t 9 + 8 Bank debits (thousands) 11-... $ l,855,044 2 Postal receipts• ........$ 298,756 + + 2 Nonfarm employment (area) . Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1,001,825 -79 -55 Manufacturing employment (area) . 4,310 + 2 + 6 Bank debits (thousands) . . ........$ 361,863 + 1,3 + 5 Percent unemployed (area ) . End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 123,683 -5 •• 37,650 + 2 + s 3.2 6 6 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 34.3 + 18 + 5 ABILENE (pop. 110,049 r) Retail sales + 6t + 8 + 14 Canyon (pop. 6,755 r) Apparel stores . . . . . . . . . . . . -7 t + 2 + 4 Postal receipts • ..................$ 9,062 -20 + 19 General merchandise stores. + 12 t + 12 +. 1 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 135,600 + 32 + 91 Postal receipts • ...... ....... . $ 153,311, + 15 + 8 Ba nk debits (thousands) .............$ 7,752 + 6 s Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1,792,600 + 716 -14 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 6,340 -2 9 Bank debits (thousands) . ..... $ 136,701 + 7 + 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 14.5 + 12._ + 9 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 72,405 •• + 2 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 22.6 + 6 + 2 ALPINE (pop. 4,740) Postal receipts• ............ . . . ... . . $ 5,768 -6 -7 ALAMO: See McALLEN-PHARR-EDINBURG SMSA Iluilding permits, less federal contracts $ 50,000 +200 -58 Ilank debits (thousands) ............ .$ 3,797 + 8 -10 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 4,110 -10 -10 AMARILLO SMSA Annual rate of deposit turnover. . 10.5 + 13 -s (Potter and Randall; pop. 169,527 a) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1,137,425 -77 -51 ANDREWS (pop. 11,135) Bank debits (thousands) 11 ...........$ 4,469,520 + 11 + 2 Postal receipts * ............ . .......$ 8,426 -19 -21, Nonfarm employment (area) . 59,900 •• •• Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 6,425 + 2 + 2 Manufacturing employment (area) . 5,740 + 1 •• End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 7,677 + 5 + 22 P ercent unemployed (area) . 2.6 + 8 + 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 9.9 + 2 -18 196 TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW Indicators of business conditions in Texas cities pub­lished in this table include statistics on banking, build­ing permits, employment, postal receipts, and retail trade. An individual city is listed when a minimum of three indicators is available. The cities have been grouped according to Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas. In Texas all twenty-two SMSA's are defined by county lines; the counties included are listed under each SMSA. The populations shown for the SMSA's are estimates for April 1, 1966, prepared by the Population Research Center, Department of Sociology, The University of Texas at Austin. Cities in SMSA's are listed alphabetically under their appropriate SMSA's; all other cities are listed alphabetically as main entries. The population shown after the city name is the 1960 Census figure, unless otherwise indicated. Retail-sales data are reported here only when a min­imum total of fifteen stores report; separate cate­gories of retail stores are listed only when a minimum of five stores report in that category. The first column presents current data for the various categories. Per­centages shown for retail sales are average statewide percent changes from the preceding month. This is the normal seasonal change in sales bv that kind of business-except in the cases of Dallas, Fort Worth, Houston, and San Antonio, where the dagger (t) is replaced by another symbol (tt) because the normal seasonal changes given are for each of these cities in­dividually. The second column shows the percent change in actual sales reported for the month, and the third column shows the percent change in actual sales from the same month a year ago. A large variation between the normal seasonal change and the reported change indicates an abnormal sales month. Symbols used in this table include: (a) Population Research Center data, April 1, 1966. (t) Average statewide percent change from preceding month. (tt) Average individual-city percent change from preceding month. (r) Estimates officially recognized by Texas Highway Department. (rr) Estimate for Pleasanton: combination of 1960 Census figures for Pleasanton and North Pleasanton. (*) Cash received during the four-week postal account­ing period ended May 19, 1967. (:t:) Money on deposit in individual demand deposit accounts on the last day of the month. (§) Data for Texarkana, Texas, only. (**) Change is less than one half of 1 percent. (11) Annual rate basis, seasonally adjusted. (#) Monthly averages. Percent change Percent change Local Bti~~tWss Conditions Local Business Conditions May 1967 May 1967 May 1967 lfay 1967 May from from May from from City and item 1967 Apr 1967 May 1966 City and item 1967 Apr 1967 May 1966 Nederland (pop. 15,274 r)ANGLETON: see HOUSTON SMSA Postal receipts • ...........$ 12.670 + 24 + 10 Bank debits (thousands) ......... . ...$ 6,800 + 6 -9 ARANSAS PASS: see CORPUS CHRISTI SMSA End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 5,197 1 + lS Annual rate of deposit turnover . 15.6 + 8 -19 ARLINGTON: s~e FORT WORTH SMSA Orange (pop. 25,605) Postal receipts • ....$ 31,251 -1. -2AUSTIN SMSA Building permits, less ·federal contracts $ 233,218 +s11 + 60 (Travis; pop. 256,581 a) Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 38,717 + 7 + 10 Building permits, less federal contracts $13,422,035 + 58 + 77 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 25,766 -4 -4 Bank debits (thousands) II. ......$ 4,574,064 -12 + 10 Annual rate of deposit turnover . . . 17.7 + 20 + lS Nonfarm employment (area) . 109,200 •• + 9 Nonfarm placements (area) . 183 -12 -6 Manufacturing employment (area) . 7,280 + 2 + s Percent unemployed (area) . 1.7 + 6 -29 Port Arthur (pop. 66,676) Postal receipts • .............$ 49,277 -18 -28 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 308,948 ­ AUSTIN (pop. 212,000 r) -27 41 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 84,511 Retail sales + 6 t + 5 + 11 + 18 + 2.1 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 43,626 •• + 7 Apparel stores . 7 t + 4 + 8 Annual rate of deposit turnover. .. 28.S + 19 + 18 Eating and drinking plnces . + st 2 + 5 Food stores ... . .. . + 9t 8 + s Port Neches (pop. 8,696) Furniture and household-Postal receipts • ............ . .......$ 9,874 -9 Automotives stores + 4t + 11 + 22 -6 appliance stores . . . . . . . . . + 9 t + 9 + 28 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 57,525 -85 +SS General-merchandise stores + 12 t + 34 + 18 Bank debits (thousands) .............$ 12,927 + 6 -1 Postal receipts • ...........$ 638,108 -1 + 2 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 6,746 -16 + 4 Building permits, less federal contracts $13,347,035 + 57 + 76 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 21.1 + 9 -12 Bank debits (thousands) . . ........$ 441,102 + 9 + 11 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 199,286 + 3 + 10 BEEVILLE (pop. 13,811) Annual rate of deposit turnover . 27.0 + 7 + 2 Postal receipts • . . . . . . . . . . .. $ 15,590 + 14 + 18 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 86,165 -68 + 34 BAY CITY (pop. 11,656) Bank debits (thousands) ........ . ....$ 13,370 + 2 + 12 Postal receipts • . . . . .... . .. $ 16,840 + 4 •• End-of-month deposits (thousands) f. $ 13,842 6 -8 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 85,518 -62 -39 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 11.2 + 8 + 18 Bank debits (thousands) . . ..........$ 18,985 + 9 + 13 Nonfarm placements ... .. . . .... . . .. . 87 -81 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 25,990 •• + 2 Annual rate of deposit turnover... . 8.8 BIG SPRING (pop. 31,230) + 11 + 11 Nonfarm placements . ..... . .. . . .. . . . 95 + 84 + 34 Postal receipts • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 36,660 6 -8 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 199,850 + -64 Bank debits (thousands) .............$ 43,031 + 4 + 8 BAYTOWN: see HOUSTON SMSA End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 25,308 8 3 -Annual rate of deposit turnover . 20.1 + 9 + 12 BEAUMONT-PORT ARTHUR-ORANGE SMSA Nonfarm placements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 5 -20 (Jefferson and Orange; pop. 322,259 a) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1,826,097 -12 -53 BISHOP: see CORPUS CHRISTI SMSA Bank debits (thousands) II .......... .$ 5,516,892. + 9 + 7 Nonfarm employment (area) . 113,000 + BONHAM (pop. 7,357) Manufacturing employment (area) . 33,700 + 2 3 Postal receipts • ........... $ 8,595 + 26 + 7 Percent unemployed (area) . 3.9 •• + 8 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 71,665 -41 Bank debits (thousands) ........ . ... . $ 8,935 + 8 + 2 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ BEAUMONT (pop. 127,500 r) 8,957 + 2 + 12 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 12.1 + 7 -6Retail sales + 6 t + l1 + 9 Apparel stores ... . ......... . . . . . . 7 t + 7 + 5 BORGER (pop. 20,911) Automotives stores + 4 t + 12 + 16 Lumber, building material, 18,746 + 3 -7 Postal receipts • .. . $ Building permits, less federal contracts $ and hardware stores. 13,950 +270 Postal receipts • .... . . .. .... . . . . 1.05 17 + 2 t -16 -12 -79 Nonfarm placements ..........$ 156,039 -4 -9 --38 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1,123,106 •• -58 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 313,379 BRADY (pop. 5,338) + 11 + 10 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 119,()74 -5 Postal receipts • . . .. . . . ....$ 6,956 + 4 + 26 + 29 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 80.7 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 37,100 + 14 + 3 -27 -41 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 7,048 7 + 8 End-of-month deposits (thousahds) t. $ 6,858 + 3 -14 Groves (pop. 17,304) Annual rate of deposit turnover . 12.& + 19 Postal receipts • ......... . .......$ U,154 8 + ­ Building permits, less federal contracts $ 94,895 + 21 -73 BRENHAM (pop. 7,740) Bank debits (thousands) . . ...$ 10,558 + 37 + 10 Postal receipts • ....................$ 1\,605 + 5 + 1 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 4,762 + 4 + 24 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 174,656 -63 +173Annual rate of deposit turnover . ... . . 27.1 + 10 + 17 Bank debits (thousands) . . ...$ 13,817 7 + 6 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t .S 14,767 2 2 + For an explanation of symbols, please see p, 196. Annual rate of deposit turnover. 11.1 4 + 3 JULY 1967 197 Percent change Percent change Local Business Conditions Local Business Conditions May 1967 May 1967 May 1967 May 1967 May from from May from from City and item 1967 Apr 1967 May 1966 City and item 1967 Apr 1967 May 1966 BROWNWOOD (pop. 16,97 4)BROWNFIELD (pop. 10,286) Postal receipts • . . . .. .... .. . . .. . $ 29,939 + 19 -9Postal receipts • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 12,070 + 4 -8 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 104,050 + 19 + 49 Bank debits (thoUBands) ... ..........$ 17,2()6 + 14 -4 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 19,976 + 10 6 End-of-month deposits (thoUBands) i $ 12,158 -9 -15 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 13,852 + 5 -5Annual rate of deposit turnover..... 16.2 + 21 + 18 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 18.4 + 9 + 1 Nonfarm placements ... . .. . .. . ... . . . 168 + 4 + 28 BROWNSVILLE-HARLINGEN-SAN BENITO SMSA BRYAN (pop. 27,542) (Cameron; pop. 141,778 •) Postal receipts $ 36,705 + 6 + 17 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 883,628 +280 + 1 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 391,025 -41 -88 Bank debits (thousands) II.. ......$ 1,357,824 + 8 + 8 Nonfarm employment (area) . 37,700 + s Bank debits ( thoUBands) . . . $ 42,588 •• + 8 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 24,780 + 8 + Manufacturina: employment (area) . 6,600 + 17 Annual rate of deposit turnover.. . 20.9 -1 Percent unemployed (area) . 6.2 2 -15 + 6 Nonfarm placements . .... . ... .... .. . 818 -20 2 BROWNSVILLE (pop. 48,040) CALDWELL (pop. 2,202 r) Retail sales .... . .... . + 6 t + 8 -8 Postal receipts • . . . . . . . . . . .. $ 8,721 + 18 + 9 Automotives stores . . . ... ... .. . .. . + 4 t + 11 •• Bank debits (thousands) . . .. . $ 8,535 + 8 + 18 Postal receipts • . . . . . . .. ..$ 43,890 -4 + 11 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 4,420 -4 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 146,875 -22 -82 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 9.6 + 8 + 17 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 39,846 -9 + 18 End-of-month deposits (thoUBands) i. $ 22,507 •• + 1 CAMERON (pop. 5,640) Annual rate of deposit turnover . 21.0 5 + 11 Postal receipts • .........$ 6,551 -16 -15 Nonfarm placements ... . ... ., . .... . . 520 + 8 + 2 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 21,900 +544 + 46 Bank debits (thousands) . . . . . $ 5,208 -10 5 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 5,579 1 Harlingen (pop. 41,207) Annual rate of deposit turnover. . . 11.2 -7 Retail sales ...... ......... ....... .. . + 6t + ll + Automotive stores + 4t + 20 + 16 CANYON: see AMARILLO SMSA Lumber, building material, and hardware stores.. ... ... . . . + 2t + 12 -6 CISCO (pop. 4,499) Postal receipts • . . . . . . $ 43,518 + 2 + 1 Postal receipts • . . .. . $ 5,104 + 8 -16Building permits, less federal contracts $ 702,053 + 12 Bank debits (thoUBands) . . . $ 4,787 + 15 + 8 Bank debits (thousands) . ............$ 43,428 + 12 + End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 3,651 -8 1End-of-month deposits (thoUB.ands).i. $· 22,441 •• + 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover. . . 15.1 2 Nonfarm placements . ... .. ......... . 548 + 1 + 8 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 23.2 + 12 + 1 + 17 + CLEBURNE: see FORT WORTH SMSA La Feria (pop. 3,047) CLUTE: see HOUSTON SMSA Postal receipts • . ... .... ...... . .....$ 2,576 -2 + 27 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 18,150 + 64 +450 COLLEGE STATION (pop. 11,396) Bank debits (thoUBands) . . . .... . . $ 1,978 + 11 + 11 Postal receipts • ... . . . ...$ 26, 720 + 83 + 6End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 1,521 -3 -2 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 211,554 -85 + 91Annual rate of deposit turnover . 15.4 + 18 + 16 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 7,8ll + 8 + 9 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 4,681 -13 Annual rate of deposit turnover. . . . . . 18.6 9 + + Los Fresnos (pop. 1,289) Postal receipts • ...... ....$ 1,163 -28 + 9 COLORADO CITY (pop. 6,457) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 0 Postal receipta • . . . . . ........... $ 6,479 + 10 -4 Bank debits (thoUBands) . . . $ 1,468 + 53 + 14 Bank debits (thousands) . . ...$ 4,907 + 9 -9 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 1,280 + 18 •• End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 6,116 -1 -12 Annual rate of deposit turnover.... 14.6 + 42 + 20 Annual rate of depo1it turnover. . . . . . 9.6 + 18 + 5 CONROE: see HOUSTON SMSA Port Isabel (pop. 3,575) Postal receipts • .............$ 2,769 -9 -1 COPPERAS COVE (pop. 4,567) Bank debits (thousands) . . ....$ 2,049 -2 + 6 Poatal receipts • ...... . . . ... . $ 6,453 + 8 + 85End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 1.755 + 14 + 85 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 242,688 +172 +575Annual rate of deposit turnover. 14.9 -6 -14 Bank debits (thouaands) ......... . ...$ 2,269 -2 + 65 End-of-month deposits (thousanda) i. $ 1,264 -ll + s Annual rate of deposit turnover. 20.8 + 5 + 55 San Benito (pop. 16,422) Postal receipts • . $ 8,674 + 5 + 6 CORPUS CHRISTI SMSA Building permits, less federal contracts $ 16,550 + 19 +119 Bank debits (thousands) . . . .. . . $ 6,8:?.8 (Nueces and San Patricio; pop. 278,535 •) + 6 + 15 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 6,010 2 Buildina-permits, less federal contracts $ 3,963,917 +SS + 2 + 1 Annual rate of deposit turnover... .. . 12.5 + 7 + 14 Bank debits (thousands) II. ... $ 4,006,72'8 + 7 + 7 Nonfarm employment (area) . 85,100 •• + 4 Manufacturina-employment (area) . 10,650 + 1 + s For an explanation of symbols, please see p. 196. Percent unemployed (area) . 4.8 + 13 + 18 Percent changePercent chan&'e Local Business Conditions Local Business Conditions May 1967 ~fay 1967 May 1967 May 1967 May from fromMay from from City and il<'m 1967 Apr 1967 May 1966City and item 1967 Apr 1967 May 1966 DALLAS (pop. 679,684) Aransas Pass (pop. 6,956) Reta.ii sales + 6 + 14 + 7 Postal receipts • ......... . . $ 5,738 -5 + 5 Apparel stores 2 + 10 + 7 Buildinll' permits, less federal contracts $ 195,201 +213 Automotivea stores + + 17 + 10 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 4,967 -3 •• Eatinll' and drinkinll' places. + 4 + ••End-of-month deposits (thouaanda) i. $ 4.118 -35 -15 Florists ......... ....... . + 12 + 51 + 23 Annual rate of depoait turnover . 11.4 + 4 -6 Furniture and household-· appliance stores ..... . . + 11 + 21 + 19 Bishop (pop. 3,825 r) Gasoline and service stations . + 7 + 13 + 4 Postal receipts • . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 4,454 + 15 + so General-merchandise atorea + + 14 •• Buildinll' permits, leas federal contracts $ 0 Lumber, buildinll' material, Bank debita (thousands) . . ..... . . $ 2,068 9 + 13 and hardware stores. + 3 + 10 End-of-month depoaits (thouaanda) i. $ 2,140 4 -4 Postal receipts • ....$ 3, 781,274 -1 + 6 Annual rate of depo1it turnover. 11.3 + 16 Buildinll' permits, less federal contracts $14,006,501 + 10 8 Bank debits (thousands) . . . . $ 5,498,918 + l + 10 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 1,490,265 + + 6 CORPUS CHRISTI (pop. 204,850 r) Annual rate of deposit turnover. 44.4 + + 4 Retail 1ales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 t + 5 + 7 Automotive. 1tores 4 t + 2 + 6 Ennis (pop. 10,250 r) General-merchandise stores 12 t + 19 + 10 Postal receipts • . . . . . $ 11,022 -21 -16 Postal receipts • . . . . . . . . . . . . .. $ 262,343 + s + 7 Bank debits (thousands) ... .... ..... . $ 7,575 -5 ••Buildinll' permits, leas federal contracts $ 3,402,488 + 45 -5 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 6,791 •• 6 Bank debits (thousand1) . . ...$ 281,200 + 5 + 10 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 13.4 -4 + 6 End-of-month depoaita (thousands) i. $ 142,848 + s + 10 Annual rate of depoait turnover . . . . . . 24.0 + 8 + 4 Garland (pop. 50,622 r) Retail sales . . ....... . ... ... . . . ..... . + Gt + 27 + 2 Robstown (pop. 10,266) Postal receipts • . .. .$ 67,563 -2 + 4 Buildinll' permits, leas federal contracts $ 84,578 -66 +252 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1,821,381 + 11 + 49 Bank debita (thousands) ............ . $ 12,196 + 11 + 24 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 48,265 + 16 + 17 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 9,4\5 -1 + 5 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i $ 22,042 -1 + lS Annual rate of depo1it turnover . 15.5 + 12 + 20 Annual rate of deposit turnover..... . 26.1 + 14 + 4 Grand Prairie (pop. 40,150 r)Sinton (pop. 6,008) Postal receipts • .... . .. $ 48,603 + 29 + 28Postal receipt. • . . . . .. $ 5,&68 -21 -27 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 7 ,469,364 +125Buildinll' permits, less federal contracts $ 2'0,800 +267 -56 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 21, 709 + 8 1 Bank debits (thousands) .............$ 4,487 s 2 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 13,181 + 3 + 7End-of-month deposits (thousand•) i. $ 4,S57 3 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 20.0 + 6 4Annual rate of depo1it turnover..... 12.2 + + 8 Irving (pop. 60,136 r)CORSICANA (pop. 20,344) Postal receipts • .......$ 77,808 + 7 -13 Postal receipts • . .... . .. .. ... .. ... .. $ 24,7S2 + 18 + 9 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1,906,922 + 37 + 33Buildinll' permits, less federal contracts $ 231,062 -56 + Sl Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 50,654 2 + 10Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 26,880 + 14 + lS End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 23,448 + 4 + 2End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 22,129 -2 + 1 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 26.4 5 + 9 Annual rate of deposit turnover.. . 14.4 + 17 + 8 Nonfarm placement. ... .. .. . .... ... . 211 + lS -14 Justin (pop. 622) Postal receipts • .................$ 972 + 27 + 5 CRYSTAL CITY (pop. 9,101) Bank debits (thousands) ...... .... . .. $ 1,211 + 28 + 25 Buildinll' permits, leas federal contracts $ 115,810 +34s +SGS End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 881 + 16 + 17 Bank debits (thousands) .............$ 4,623 + 6 + 16 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 17.7 + 30 + 16 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i .$ 3,059 -5 -5 Annual rate of deposit turnover... . . . 17.7 + 11 + 18 McKinney (pop. 13,763) Postal receipts • .$ 18,967 + 4 + 18DALLAS SMSA Building permits, less federal contracts $ 39,408 -15 -89 (Collin, Dallas, Denton, and Ellis; pop. 1,334,101 a) Bank debits (thousands) ........ . .... $ 12,239 + 18 + 10 Buildinll' permits, less federal contracts $32,665,231 + 7 + 82 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 11,278 -1 + 22 Bank debits (thousands) 11 .. .........$66,931,308 -9 + 7 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 13.0 + 13 8 Nonfarm employment (area) . 592,200 •• + Nonfa.rm placements ............... . 116 •• -7 Manufacturinll' employment (area) . 139,950 •• Percent unemployed (area) . 2.0 + 11 -+ lS Mesquite (pop. 27,526) Postal receipts • ......... . .... ...$ 25,667 + 3 + 6 Building permits, less federal con.tracts $ 354,060 -92 Denton (pop. 26,844) Bank debits (thousands) . . .... .$ 15,663 + 8 -29 Postal receipts • ........ ...... . $ 67,647 + 34 + 27 ·~ End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 8,648 + 2 + 21 Buildinll' permits, less federal contracts $ S09,500 -60 -4S Annual rate of deposit turnover. 21.9 + 7 -17 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 37,058 + 13 l End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 24,891 -1 + 2 Midlothian (pop. 1,521) Annual rate of deposit turnover . 17.7 + 14 -5 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 15,000 -82 -29 Nonfa.rm placements ............... . 1.74 -7 -10 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 1,300 •• + 24 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 1,500 2 + 3 For an explanation of symbols, please see p, 196. Annual rate of deposit turnover . 10.3 + 2 + 18 Percent change Percent change Local Business Conditions Local Business Conditions May 1967 May 1967 May 196·7 May 1967 May from from May from from City and item 1967 Apr 1967 May 1966 City and item 1967 Apr 1967. May 1966 Pilot Point (pop. 1,254) EL PASO (pop. 276,687) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 9,000 -83 -44 Retail sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . + 6 t + 11 + 13 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 1,639 + 11 + 8 Apparel stores 7 t + 19 + 8 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i $ 1,937 + 8 + 7 Automotives stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + 4 t + 8 + 27 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 10.5 + 12 + 3 Food stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + 9 t + + Postal receipts • . . . $ 382,046 6 -1 Plano (pop. 10,102 r) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 5,114,162 -18 + 4 Postal receipts • . . . . . . . . . . . . ......$ 13,135 + 18 + 2 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 466,109 + 14 + 12 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 517,989 + 40 + 14 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 190,076 -8 + Bank debits (thousands) . . ....$ 6,435 + 21 + 13 Annual rate of deposit turnover.... 28.2 + 18 + 11 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 4,006 + 7 + 6 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 2().0 + 17 + 16 ENNIS: see DALLAS SMSA Seagoville (pop. 3,745) EULESS: see FORT WORTH SMSA Postal receipts • . . . . .. $ 8,932 + 18 + 97 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 16,838 + 38 -9 FORT STOCKTON (pop. 6,373) Bank debits (thousands) . . $ 4,982 2 + 52 Postal receipts • ....................$ 7,124 -22 •• End-of-month deposits (thousands) i 2,416 + 2 + 11 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 34,170 +107 -74 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 24.9 + 4 + 34 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 7,827 + 7 + ll End-of-month deposits (thousands) i $ 7,721 -5 + 4Waxahachie (pop. 12,749) Annual rate of deposit turnover. 11.9 + 11 + 6 Postal receipts • .......$ 25,018 + 4 -I Building permits, less federal contracts $ 47,95-0 64 29 WORTH --FORT SMSA Bank debits (thousands) . . .....$ 12',3&1 + 3 + 4 (Johnson and Tarrant; pop. 640,414 a) End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 9,997 -2 -10 Building permits, less federal contracts $13,476,614 + 14 + 28Annual rate of deposit turnover. 14.7 + 4 + 11 Bank debits (thousands) II. ..$14,983,740 •• + Nonfarm placements . . ... ....... ... . 110 + 26 + 18 Nonfarm employment (area) . 265,800 + + 6 Manufacturing employment (area) . 81,150 •• + 18 DAYTON: see HOUSTON SMSA Percent unemployed (area) . 2.3 + -18 DEER PARK: see HOUSTON SMSA Arlington (pop. 53,024 r) Retail sales + St + 23 DEL RIO (pop. 18,612) + 9 Apparel stores 7t + 7 + 11 Postal receipts • .... . . . $ 20,420 -2 + 8 Lumber, building material,Building permits, less te.ieral contracts· $' 1,850,459 and hardware stores . + 2t + 32 + 12 Bank debits (thousands) . . .....$ 17,000 + 22 + 4 Postal receipts • .. . ......... . .......$ 114,021 + 3 + 21 End-of-month d"Jlosits (thousands) t .$ 17,696 + 4 •• Building permits, less federal contracts $ 5,310,815 +112 + 60Annual rate of deposit turnover . . . 11.7 + 21, + 4 Bank debits (thousands) ...... . .. . . .. $ 67,685 + 27 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 27,646 + s DENISON (pop. 25,766 r) Annual rate of deposit turnover . . . 31. 7 + 26 Retail sales .. .. ...... .. + 6 t + 27 + 12 Automotive stores + 4 t + 28 + 11 Postal receipts • ............ . .......$ 26,875 + + 9 Cleburne (pop. 15,381) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 135,747 -35 -so Postal receipts • ..... . . . . . ...$ 2A,188 + 12 + so Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 23,477 + 18 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 32,950 -18 -71 + 20 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 17,149 •• •• Bank debits (thousands) .............$ 15,511 + 6 + 12 Annual rate of deposit turnover . . . 16.4 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 13,128 1 + + 24 + 11 Nonfarm placements . ........ .. .... . 183 + 18 -21 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 14.l + 7 + DENTON: see DALLAS SMSA Euless (pop. 10,500 r) Postal receipts • .. ..... . . . ...$ 11,421 + 3 + 44 DONNA: see McALLEN-PHARR-EDINBURG SMSA Building permits, less federal contracts $ 142,893 -62 + 5 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 10,970 + 28 + 5 EAGLE PASS (pop. 12,094) End-of-month deposits (thousands) i .$ 4,482 + 13 + 16 Postal receipts • ....... ..... ... .....$ ll.180 5 + 1 Annual rate of deposit turnover... .. . 31.1 + 17 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 218,375 9 +134 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 8,267 9 + + 13 FORT WORTH (pop. 356,268) End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 4,725 + 9 & - Retail sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. + 9 + 13 + 2Annual rate of deposit turnover . 21.8 + 7 + 26 Apparel stores -4 + 14 + 5 Automotives stores + 10 + 23 + 13 EDINBURG: see McALLEN-PHARR-EDINBURG SMSA ­ Food stores + 6 + 6 s Furniture and household-EL PASO SMSA appliance stores .......... . + 23 + 10 -12 (El Paso; pop. 352,637 •) Gasoline and service stations . + + 23 + 9 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 5,116,662 -18 Lumber, building material, + 4 Ba nk debits (thousands) II ...........$ 5,217,696 -3 + 9 and hardware stores.. . + 3 -6 Nonfarm employment (area) . 108,2()0 •• + 7 Postal receipts• . . . $ 987,134 -12 •• Manufacturing employment (area) . 20,600 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 4,625,649 -24 -1 •• + 12 Percent unemployed (area) . . . 3.8 + 3 -16 Bank debits (thousands) . . ..$ 1,135,814 + 10 + 6 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t .$ 421,427 -1 •• For an explanation of symbols, please see p. 196. Annual rate of deposit turnover . S2.2 + 11 + Percent c:Pange P ercent change Local Business Conditions Local Business Conditions May 1967 May 1967 May from from May 1967 May 1967 May from from City and it.Pm 1967 Apr 1967 May 1966 City and item 1967 Apr 1967 May 1966 Grapevine (pop. 4,659 r) GATESVILLE (pop. 4,626) Postal receipts • . ... ..... .. $ 6,828 -3 + 11 Postal receipts • . . . . .....$ 5,460 -22 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 95,850 + 7 5 Bank debits (thousands) .. $ 7,239 + 9 + 33 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 4,683 3 End-of-month deposits (thousands) ; . $ 6,731 + 3 + + 11 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t $ 4,155 + 1 + 5 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 13.1 + 9 + 27 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 13.6 + 8 7 GIDDINGS (pop. 2,821) North Richland Hills (pop. 8,662) P ostal receipts • .$ 4,989 + + 10 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 201,700 -18 + 31 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 32,620 + 12 +448 Bank debits (thousands) . . . . ....$ 11,695 + 15 + 11 Bank debits (thousands) . . . . $ 5,044 + 18 + 26 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 5,913 + 12 + 4 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 4,944 + 6 An.;ual rate of deposit turnover.... 25.1 + 14 + 8 Annual rate of deposit turnover... 12.2 + 15 + 17 White Settlement (pop. 11,513) GLADEWATER (pop. 5,742) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 65,191 +403 +202 Postal receipts • . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 11,107 + 24 + 9 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 4,093 + 30 + 65 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 30,300 -38 -19 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ l,968 -1 + 19 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. .$ 4,409 -16 + Annual rate of deposit turnover . 24.9 + 28 + 35 End-of-month deposits (thousands) ; $ 4,393 + 6 -11 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 12.4 -14 + 12 Nonfarm employment (area) 33,250 •• + 1 FREDERICKSBURG (pop. 4,629) Manufacturing employment (area) . 8,700 •• + 5 Postal receipts • .$ 9,505 + 14 + 38 Percent unemployed (area) . . . 2.7 + -10 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 54,230 -11 + 80 Bank debits (thousands) . . ........ .$ 12,310 + 15 + 7 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 9,842 + 4 + 3 GOLDTHWAITE (pop. 1,383) Annual rate of deposit turnover . 15.3 + 13 + 6 Postal receipts • ...$ 2,588 + 20 -23 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 5,421 + 12 + 2 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 5,822 + 6 -9 FRIONA (pop. 3,049 r) Annual rate of deposit turnover . . . 11.5 + 10 + 12 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 122,000 +sos +203 Bank debits (thousands) . . ...... .... $ 7,541 + 6 + 23 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 4,345 -6 -16 GRAHAM (pop. 8,505) Annual rate of deposit turnover... 2.0.2 + 14 + 43 Postal receipts • . .... . . ..... . ..... . . $ 10,388 + 4 -2 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 26,300 -58 + 103 Bank debits (thousands) . . .... . . . $ 10,414 -12 -13 End-of-month deposits (thousands) ; .$ 9,776 -37 GALVESTON-TEXAS CITY SMSA + 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 13.0 -11 + 14 (Galveston; pop. 161,854 a) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 2, 700,503 +236 +246 Bank debits (thousands) II... . .. $ 2,104,128 + 2 + 10 GRA BURY (pop. 2,227) Nonfarm employment (area) . 56,000 + 2 + 4 Postal receipts • .. .$ 4,471 -28 + 16 Manufacturing employment (area) . 10,180 + 2 + Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 2,000 -9 + 13 Percent unemployed (area) . 3.6 -27 •• End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 2,557 •• + 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 9.4 -8 + 9 GALVESTON (pop. 67,175) Retail sales ... + 6 t + 22 + io GRAND PRAIRIE: see DALLAS SMSA Apparel stores 7 t + 17 -9 Automotives stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + 4 t + 34 + 19 Postal receipts • .. .. $ 113,870 + 13 + 4 GRAPEVINE: sea FORT WORTH SMSA Building permits, less federal contracts $ 2,093,844 +349 + 44Z Rank debits (thousands) ....... ......$ 112,952 + 13 + 5 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 58,666 + + 1 GREENVILLE (pop. 22,134 r) Annual rate of deposit turnover . 23.7 + 13 + 7 Retail sales + Gt + 11 + 1 Postal receipts • . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 36,505 + 16 + 13 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 240,390 + 15 -67 TEXAS CITY (pop. 32,065) Bank debits (thousands) . . . . ... .$ 26,548 + 17 + 29 Postal receipts • . . . $ 31,820 + 9 -7 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 16,842 -5 + 8 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 606,659 + 103 + 79 Annual rate of deposit turnover.. 18.4 + 24 + 17 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 36,376 + 32 Nonfarm placements ........... ... • . 155 -5 -23 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 13,611 -10 -17 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 30.3 + 46 GROVES: see BEAUMONT-PORT ARTHUR-ORANGE SMSA GARLAND: see DALLAS SMSA HARLINGEN: see BROWNSVILLE-HARLINGEN-SAN For an explanation of symbols, please see p, 196. BENITO SMSA Percent c'hange Percent change Local Business Conditions Local Business Conditions City ar.d item May 1967 May 1967 from Apr l967 May 1967 from May 1966 City and it<>m May 1967 May 1967 from Apr 1967 May 1967 from May 1966 HENDERSON (pop. 9,666) Postal receipts • . . $ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) ..... ........$ End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ Annual rate of deposit turnover.... 13,589 364,775 8,SS3 20,770 5.1 + 2' + 46 + •• •• 7 + 3 -11 Deer Park (pop. 4,865) Postal receipts • ................... .$ Building Jermits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ Annual rate of deposit turnover . 12,069 344,933 6,315 2,819 26.2 + 43 -45 7 5 + 2 + 25 + 68 + 19 + s + 11 HOUSTON (pop. 938,219) HEREFORD (pop. 9,584 r) Postal receipts • . . . ..$ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) ............ .$ End-of-month deposits (thousands) t .$ Annual rate of deposit turnover.. . .. . 19, 133 290,300 27,278 14,494 21.8 + 23 + 5-0 + 7 -7 + 12. + 23 + 40 + 24 + 2 + 21 Retail sales ...... . Apparel stores ........ . . . . Automotives stores Eating and drinking places . Food stores . ......... . .. . ... . . Gasoline and service stations . General-merchandise stores + 7 •• + 9 + 5 + 3 + 4 + 7 + 15 + 13 + 16 + 6 + + 21 + 24 + 10 + 8 + 15•• + 14 + 29 -s HOUSTON SMSA Liquor stores . Lumber, buildinir material, + + 2 + 42 (Brazoria, Fort Bend, Harris, Liberty and Montgomery; pop. L717,116 •) Building permits, less federal contracts $33,517,331 Bank debita (thousands) II .. . . $64 ,464,168 Nonfarm employment (area) . 718.400 Manufacturing employment (area) . 129,750 + 12 -5 •••• -26 + 9 + s + 2 and hardware stores . + Postal receipts• ... .$ 2.,965,775 Buildinir permits, less federal contracts $2.7,914,642 Bank debits (thousands) .......... . . . $ 5,275,099 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 1.717,277 Annual rate of depoait turnover . 36.5 + 12 + 6 + 24 + 7 2 + -6 + 8 -28 + 13 + 4 + 10 Percent unemployed (area) . Z.O + 5 -17 Humble (pop. 1,711) Postal receipts • . . . . . . . . . . . . ...$ 5,029 + 19 + 11 Angleton (pop. 9,131) Buildinir permits, less federal contracts $ 30,435 + 13 -91 Postal receipts • .....$ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) .............$ 11.363 154,600 12.,790 + 15 + 49 + 4 + 19 +526 + 4 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ End-of-month deposits (thousands) f . $ Annual rate of deposit turnover. 5,159 3,780 15.9 + 28 -6 + 30 + 22 + 5 + 16 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ Annual rate of deposit turnover . 13,132. 11.9 + 8 + 2. + 2.4 -6 Katy (pop. 1,569) Buildinir permits, less federal contracts $ 55,230 -75 Baytown (pop. 38,000 r) Bank debits (thousanda) . . ... . . . .. . . $ End-of-month deposits (thouaands) t . $ 2,756 2,405 -12 7 + -15 Retail aales Annual rate of depoait turnover . 13.3 - 6 + 13 Automotive stores + 4t + 10 + 12 Postal receipts • ...$ Building permits, less federal contracts $ 39,245 553,839 - 1 •• --t­ 7 17 La Porte (pop. 7,250 r) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 64,000 -37 Bank debits (thousands) . . ...$ 44,654 + 3 + 9 Bank debits (thouaanda) . . . $ 4,172. -11 + End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 28,465 3 1 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 3,124 - 7 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 18.6 + 7 + 9 Annual rate of depoait turnover . 15.5 -16 + Bellaire (pop. 21,182 r) Postal receipts • . ....... ...$ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) .............) End-of-month deposits (thousands) t Annual rate of deposit turnover . 193,280 79,278 30,037 16, 731 20.8 -27 +319 + 2 -7 +248 +S69 + 18 + 6 + 11 Liberty (pop. 6,127) Postal receipta • ... $ Buildin11: permits, leso federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) .... ... . . . . . . $ End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ Annual rate of deposit turnover . 8,09'1 257,835 13,248 10,054 15.5 -12 +325 + 27 -3 + 31 -12 +s21 + 27 -1 + 26 Clute (pop. 4,501) Postal receipts • ................$ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) . . ......$ End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ Annual rate of depoait turnover. 3,70·2 72,750 3,490 2,131 19.7 + 18 + 72 •• + -2. + 8 + 65 + 27 + so Pasadena (pop. 58,737) Postal receipts • .....$ 68,2.77 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1,250,570 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. .. ...$ 78,965 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 33,925 Annual rate of depoait turnover. . . 28.0 + 8 -41 + 14 •• + 15 •• -69 + 17 -s + 18 Richmond (pop. 3,668) Conroe (pop. 9,192) Postal receipts • . .. ....$ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 32,597 591,500 18,915 13,460 7 + 3 •• + 48 + 18 + Postal receipta • ..... . ... . . .. .... ...$ Building permits, less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ End-of-month depoaita (thousands) t . $ Annual rate of depoait turnover.. . 4,569 66,885 5,907 8,029 8.6 + 23 -2.7 -13 6 -7 -1 -10 8 + Annual rate of deposit turnover . 16.9 + + 17 Rosenberg (pop. 9,698) Dayton (pop. 3,367) Postal receipts • . . .. $ Building permits, less federal contracts $ 3,389 16,000 + 4 +967 -12 + 7 Poatal receipts • .. . .... . ...... . . . . . . $ Buildinir permit&, less federal contracts $ End-of-month deposita (thousands) t . $ 11,005 155,2.48 9,656 -4 -39 -4 + 1 + 18 -2 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ End-of-month deposits (thousands) t $ Annual rate of deposit turnover . 5,775 3,852 18.3 + 10 + 3 + 10 +2.8 + 6 + 20 South Houston (pop. 7,253) Postal receipta • .. $ Bank debits (thousands) .. $ End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 10,474 9,587 G,261 + 19 + + 1 + + 10 + 6 For an explanation of symbols, please see p. 196. Annual rate of depoait turnover.... . . 18.5 2 + Percent change Percent change Local Business Conditions Local Business Conditions May 1967 May 1967 May 1967 May 1967 May from from May from from City and itnn 1967 Apr l967 May 1966 City and it•!m 1967 Apr 1967 May 1966 Tomball {pop. 2,025 r) LA FERIA: see BROWNSVILLE-HARLINGEN-SAN Building permits, less federal contracts $ 80,000 -37 -19 BENITO SMSA Bank debits (thousands) . . ... . . . .... .$ 8,736 + 5 + 13 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i $ 9,407 2 + 62 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 11.0 + 7 -31 LAMESA (pop. 12,438) Postal receipts • .. $ 11,688 + 4 -27 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 10,100 -53 -89 HUMBLE: see HOUSTON SMSA Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 13,954 5 -4 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i $ 15,934 7 •• HUNTSVILLE (pop. 11,999) Annual rate of depo1it turnover . 10.1 + 3 -2 Postal receipts •. . . . . . . . . $ 15,440 -23 + 8 Nonfarm placementa 111 + 18 .. Bank debits (thousands) . 14,625 6 + 18 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. 11,127 4 + 3 LAMPASAS (pop. 5,670 r) Annual rate of deposit turnover . 15.4 2 + 13 Postal receipts • .... . $ 6,494 + 10 + 7 Building permits, less federal contracta $ 5,000 -94 -93 IOWA PARK: see WICHITA FALLS SMSA Bank debita (thou.sands) . . ....... .$ 8,717 + 22 9 End-of-month deposits (thouaands) i. $ 7,205 + 4 4 IRVING: see DALLAS SMSA Annual rate of deposit turnover . 14.8 + 18 JACKSONVILLE (pop. 10,509 r) LA PORTE: see HOUSTON SMSA Postal receipts • . . . . .. $ 26,760 + 14 -5 Buildinit permits, less federal contracts $ 21.750 -43 -68 Bank debita (thousands) . . . $ 16,377 •• + 7 LAREDO SMSA End-of-month deposita (thousands) i. $ 11.070 + -5 (Webb; pop. 77,006 •) Annual rate of deposit turnover . 17.9 •• + 16 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 506,545 + 36 +268 Bank debits (thousands) 11. .$ 653,928 + 9 + 20 JASPER (pop. 5,120 r) Nonfarm employment (area) . 23,200 •• + 8 Retail sales + Gt + 21 -6 Manufacturinit employment (area) . 1,280 •• + 2 Postal receipts • . ... . . . ...$ H,645 -4 + 21 -18 -10 Percent unemployed (area) . 7.4 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 972,475 +579 Bank debits (thousands) . . ......$ 10,734 -18 6 LAREDO (pop. 60,678) End-of-month deposita (thousands) t. $ 8,183 + 2 + Postal receipts • .....$ 51,454 + 2 -4 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 15.9 -15 6 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 506,545 + 36 +268 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 57,847 + 9 + 22 JUSTIN: see DALLAS SMSA End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 32,225 + 6 + 8 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 22.2 + 12 + 14 KATY: see HOUSTON SMSA Nonfarm placements 510 2 -15 KILGORE (pop. 10,092) LEVELLAND (pop. 12,117 r) Postal receipts • ....$ 15,904 -13 + 3 Postal receipts • .$ 10,862 + 12 -1 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 14,437 -71 -89 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 43,899 + 28 -75 Bank debits (thousands) .............$ 13,835 •• -4 Bank debits (thousands) . . ..... ... $ 14,395 + 4 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 11,677 + -3 -10 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. 10,271 4 -6 Annual rate of deposit turnover . l4.0 + + 5 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 16.5 + 8 + 10Nonfarm employment (area) . 33,250 •• + 1 Manufacturing employment (area) . 8,700 •• + 6 Percent unemployed (area) . 2.7 + 4 -10 LIBERTY: see HOUSTON SMSA KILLEEN (pop. 23,377) LITTLEFIELD (pop. 7,236) Postal receipts • .. . . $ 57,775 + 4 + 37 Postal .$ receipts • 7,187 + 3 -19 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 437,150 -11 + 41 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 66,450 -53 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 18,792 + 3 + s Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 9,183 + 17 + 30 End-of-month' deposits (thousands) i. $ 12,113 •• 4 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 8,434 7 -7 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 18.6 + 3 + 6 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 12.6 + 22 + 40 KINGSVILLE (pop. 25,297) LLANO (pop. 2,656) Postal receipts • . . . $ 23,789 + 6 + 14 Postal receipts • ...... .. . $ 4,407 + 15 + 18 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 298,107 -2 + 79 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1.900 -79 -62 Bank debits (thousands) . . . . . $ 17,287 + 16 + 38 Bank debits (thousands) ........ .. . .. $ 4,257 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 16,96l + 1 -3 + 22 deposits 4,471 Annual rate of deposit turnover . .. 12.3 + 16 + 40 End-of-month (thousands) i. $ + + 6 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 11.5 + 22 3 KIRBYVILLE (pop. 2,021 r) Postal receipts• .$ 4,173 -9 -6 LOCKHART (pop. 6,084) Bank debits (thousands) . . ...$ 2,481 + 11 -24 Postal receipts • .. . ....... . .. . ......$ 5,359 + 4 -1 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 3,904 -· 1 -8 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 54,750 +145 -18 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 7.6 + 15 -16 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 5,853 + 7 + End-of-month deposits (thousands) i $ 7,236 + 1 + 22 For an explanation of symbols, please see p, 196. Annual rate of deposit turnover . 9.8 + 2 -12 Percent change Percent change Local Business Conditions Local Business Conditions May 1967 May 1967 May 1967 May 1967 May from from May from ., from City and item 1967 Apr 1967 May 1966 City and item 1967 Apr 1967 May 1966 LONGVIEW (pop. 40,050) Edinburg (pop. 18,706) Retail sales . + 6 t + 15 -10 Postal receipts • . . . . . . . . . . . ...$ 20,2.00 + 86 + 42 Automotives stores .......... ... . -12 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 104,880 -94 -1 Postal receipts • . . . . . . .. $ 6S,801 -2. + 6 Bank debits (thousands) .............$ 21,_201 + 26 + 26 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 646,500 + 48 -68 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 10,);79 -11. -2 Bank debits (thousands) . . . .... . . . . $ 75,839 + 13 + 7 Annual rate of deposit turnover.... 22.7 + ~6 + 28 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 42.127 + 2 •• Nonfarm placements 309 + 48 + 17 Annual rate of deposit turnover... . 21.9 + 11 + 10 Nonfarm employment (area) .. .. .. . . + 4 t + 13 33,250 •• + Elsa (pop. 3,847) Manufacturing employment (area) . 8,700 •• + Building permits, less federal contracts $ 50 -99 -95 Percent unemployed (area) . 2.7 + 10 4 Bank debits (thousands) . . ...$ 8,089 + 19 + 87 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 1,507 -1 + 8 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 24.5 + 24 + 85 LOS FRESNOS: see BROWNSVILLE-HARLINGEN­ SAN BENITO SMSA McALLEN (pop. 35,411 r) Retail sales + 6 t + 8 2 Automotives stores .. .....•.. . . .. . + 4 t •• 4 LUBBOCK SMSA Furniture and household­ (Lubbock; pop. 181,591 a) appliance stores + 9t + 6 + 14 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 2,377,304 -65 -57 Postal receipts• . . . . . .... . . $ 41,397 •• + 8 Bank debits (thousands) II .. .... .....$ 3,753,936 + 7 + 4 Building permits, less federal contracts $ l,123,10-0 +489 + 44 Nonfarm employment (area) . 62,400 •• + 2 Bank debits (thousands) .. $ 44,069 -4 + 16 Manufacturing employment (area) . 6,SSO -1 7 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 26,475 •• -2 Percent unemployed (area) . 4.1 + 11 + 8 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 19.9 7 + 16 Nonfarm placements . 1,032 + 1 + 89 LUBBOCK (pop. 155,200 r) Mercedes (pop. 10,943) Retail sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + 6 t + 6 + 8 Automotives stores + 4 t 1 + Postal receipts • ..... . .....$ 6,211 -6 -10 3 Postal receipts•• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 254,594 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 20,765 -48 -64+ 9 + 4 Bank debits (thousands) .... ... ...... $ 7,752 + 83 + 19 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 2,311,954 65 ­ -58 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 272,826 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 3,990 + 5 -5 + 9 + 6 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 127,656 -2 -4 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 23.9 + 31 + 27 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 25.4 + 13 + 10 Mission (pop. 14,081) Postal receipts • . . .. $ 9,721 Slaton (pop. 6,568) -5 + Building permits, less federal contracts $ 35,264 + 12 + 25 Postal receipts • ·. . . . . . . . . .. $ 8,845 -16 -25 Bank debits (thousands) .... . ... . ....$ 14,337 + 15 + 19Building permits, (.,,.s federal contracts $ 15,350 -65 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 8,810 •• -1 Bank debits (thousands) . . ......... .$ 4,773 + 10 -2 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 19.5 + 17 + 21 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 3,420 -7 -13 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 16.1 + 17 + 12 Pharr (pop. 15,279 r) Postal receipts • . . . . . . . . . . . . .. $ 7,S44 -2 -4 LUFKIN (pop. 20,756 r) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 15,975 -64 +179 Postal receipts • .....$ 32,312 + 6 •• Bank debits (thousands) .............$ 5,598 + 10 + 26 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 180,518 8 + 76 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 5,865 + 19 + 83 Nonfarm placements 90 + 7 -22 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 12.4 + 10 + 11 McALLEN-PHARR-EDINBURG SMSA San Juan (pop. 4,371) (Hidalgo; pop. 182,008 a) Postal receipts • ...$ 2,932 -4 -7 -37 + 18 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1,366,418 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 21,900 -23 +149 Bank debits (thousands) II. . .. $ 1,380,792 + 8 + 20 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 3,004 + 19 + 28 Nonfarm employment (area) . 42,500 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 2,513 -4 + 5 2 + 9 Manufacturing employment (area) . 4,060 6 + 64 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 14.1 + 26 + 18 Percent unemployed (area) . 5.5 + + 15 Weslaco (pop. 15,649) Postal receipts • .................... $ 11,628 -2 + 6 Alamo (pop. 4,121) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 26,600 -32 -88 Bµilding permits, less federal contracts $ 844 -98 -16 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. .$ 10,471 + 9 + 13 Bank debits (thousands) . . ..........$ 2,048 8 + 12 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 9,674 -t-2 + 7 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 1,416 1 -4 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 13.1 + 8 + 7 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 17.2 7 + 17 MISSION: see McALLEN-PHARR-EDINBURG SMSA Donna (pop. 7,522) Postal receipts • .................... $ 4,675 + 8 + 4 McCAMEY (pop. 3,350 r) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 17,540 -22 + 65 Postal receipts • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... $ 3,427 + 21 + 28 Bank debits (thousands) . . .... .$ 3,496 + 9 + 24 Bank debits (thousands) . . . . ...$ 1,861 8 -7 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t $ 4,317 -2 + 8 End-of-month deposits (tho·usands) t. $ 1,564 4 -16 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 9.6 + 13 + 19 Annual rate of deposit turnover.... . . 14.0 3 + 10 For an explanation of symbols, please see p. 196. McGREGOR: see WACO SMSA 204 TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW Percent changePercent change Local Business Conditions Local Business Conditions May 1967 May 1967 May from from May 1967 May 1967 May from from City and item 1967 Apr }967 May 1966 City and ito>m 1967 Apr 1967 May 1966 NACOGDOCHES (pop. 15,450 r)McKINNEY: see DALLAS SMSA Postal receipts • ... . . $ 26,863 + 8 + Building permits, less federal contracts $ 2,061,896 MARSHALL (pop. 25,715 r) Bank debits (thousands) . . . ......$ 26,717 + 5 + 14 Postal receipts •. . ...... . . . ...$ 33,199 + 5 -5 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t $ 21,354 1 •• Building permits, less federal contracts $ 190,605 -52 -57 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 14.9 + 6 + 11 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 22,795 + 2 + 7 Nonfarm placements 93 -27 -23 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 28,187 + 9 + 20 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 10.1 + 4 -6 NEDERLAND: see BEAUMONT-PORT ARTHUR­ Nonfarm placements 390 + 21 + 10 ORANGE SMSA MERCEDES: see McALLEN-PHARR-EDINBURG SMSA NEW BRAUNFELS (pop. 15,631) Postal receipts • .. $ 20,999 + 6 •• Building permits, less federal contracts $ 185,095 +272 -12 MESQUITE: see DALLAS SMSA Bank debits (thousands) .............$ H,961 6 1 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 14,507 + 3 3 MEXIA (pop. 7,621 r) Annual rate of deposit turnover . 12.5 + 2 Postal receipts • .....$ 7,lSS -3 -1 NORTH RICHLAND HILLS: see FORT WORTH SMSA Building permits, less federal contracts $ 70,000 +100 +493 Bank debits (thousands) . . ...$ 6,072 + 5 + 27 ODESSA SMSA End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 5,535 •• + 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 13.2 + 7 + 22 (Ector; pop. 89,437 a) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 675,278 + 19 -28 Bank debits (thousands) II. . .$ 1,186,980 -8 MIDLAND SMSA Nonfarm employment (area) . 58,300 •• + (Midland; pop. 68,230 a) Manufacturing employment (area) . 5,140 •• + 5 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1,746,730 +107 + 2 Percent unemployed (area) . 3.5 + 6 + 6 Bank debits (thousands) 11. ......$ 1,635,600 + 7 + 4 Nonfarm employment (area) . 58,300 + •• ODESSA (pop. 86,937 r) Manufacturing employment (area) . 5,140 •• + Retail sales + 6 t + 16 2 Percent unemployed (area) . 3.5 + 6 + 6 Furniture and household-appliance stores ... + 9 t + 21 + 7 MIDLAND (pop. 62,625) Postal receipts • ........ .. ... .......$ 10'7,836 + 13 + 3 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 675,278 + 19 -28 Postal receipts • ..........$ 123,233 + 9 + 6 Bank debits (thousands) .............$ 108,012 + 9 + Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1,746,730 +107 + 2 3 Bank debits (thousands) . . ....$ 145,471 + 17 + 13 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 61,308 -8 •• Annual rate of deposit turnover . 20.3 + 12 + 2 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 130,043 + 13 + 18 Nonfarm placements . . . 505 + 28 + 16 Annual rate of deposit turnover . }4.3 + 11 + 3 Nonfarm placements . . . . . . . . . . . 677 -1 -20 OLNEY (pop. 4,200 r) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 55,300 -88 + 29 MIDLOTHIAN: see DALLAS SMSA Bank debits (thousands) . . . . ......$ 5,294 + 5 7 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 5,255 + 1 + 3 MINERAL WELLS (pop. 11,053) Annual rate of deposit turnover..... . 12.2 + 6 6 Postal receipts • ...$ 22,089 -1 + 4 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 488,300 + 72 + 31 ORANGE: see BEAUMONT-PORT ARTHUR­Bank debits (thousands) .............$ 22,146 + 12 + 21 ORANGE SMSA End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 14,141 -5 + 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover... 18.3 + 14 + 8 PALESTINE (pop. 13,97 4) Nonfarm placements 102 -18 -45 Postal receipts • .$ 19,398 + 23 + 21 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 94,071 2 -22 MONAHANS (pop. 9,252 r) Bank debits (thousands) . . ...... .$ 13,058 + 8 4 Postal receipts • ..............$ 9,602 -7 -8 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 17,600 + 7 + 3 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 81,995 -23 +20'1 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 9.2 + 5 4 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ ll.709 + 23 + 16 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 6,589 -15 -7 PAMPA (pop. 24,664) Annual rate of deposit turnover . 19.6 + 29 + 19 Retail sales . + 6 t + 16 4 Automotive stores + 4 t + 18 7 MOUNT PLEASANT (pop. 8,027) Postal receipts • ....$ 30,375 + + 2 Postal receipts • ..........$ 11,601 + 11 -2 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 202,165 + 76 + 23 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 111,850 +154 +159 Bank debits (thousands) .............$ 30,151 + 9 + 12 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 14,991 + 24 + 39 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 20,774 + 1 + 8 End-of-month deposit.s (thousands) i. $ 9,534 •• + 16 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 17.5 + 9 + 2 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 18.9 + 24 + 23 Nonfarm placements . 260 + 56 +118 PARIS (pop. 20,977) Postal receipts • .$ 1,795 -33 + 6 MUENSTER (pop. 1,190) Retail sales + St + 20 + 8 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 22,000 +&29 Automotive stores + 4t + 14 + 14 Bank debits (thousands) . . ... $ 3,050 + 24 + 20 Postal receipts • ....................$ 29,565 + 11 + 13 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 211,664 -17 -14 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 2,039 -3 -3 Annual rate of deposit turnover . . . 17.7 + 25 + 21 Nonfarm placements 17() •• + 1 PASADENA: see HOUSTON SMSA For an explanation of symbols, please see p, 196. Percent change Percent change Local Business Conditions Local Business Conditions May 1967 May 1967 Mia.y 1967 May 1967 May from from May from from City and item 1967 Apr 1967 May 1966 City and item 1967 Apr 1967 May 1966 PECOS (pop. 12,728) SAN ANGELO (pop. 58,815) Postal receipts • ...............$ 11,388 + 2 + 10 Postal receipts• .. $ 119,675 + 11 + 5 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 14,534 -2 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1,009,967 +156 -88 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 9,437 -25 Bank debits (thousands). . ...... .$ 77,917 + 12 + Annual rate of deposit turnover . 18.2 + 18 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 53,914 •• + 2 Nonfarm placements 69 -10 + 6 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 17.3 + 12 + 2 PHARR: see McALLEN-PHARR-EDINBURG SMSA SAN ANTONIO SMSA PILOT POINT: see DALLAS SMSA (Bexar and Guadalupe; pop. 838,572 a) Building permits, less federal contracts $10,475,389· + 46 + 65 PLAINVIEW (pop. 23,703 r) Bank debits (thousands) 11 . ........$11,924,472 o• -1 Postal receipts • . . . . . . . .. . ... $ 28,161 + 4 -8 Nonfarm employment (area) . 255,100 •• + 4 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 203,100 +212 -46 Manufacturing employment (area) . 28,175 + •• Bank debits (thousands) ... $ 31,822 -26 -28 Percent unemployed (area) . 3.9 + 18 -9 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 23,996 -8 -22 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 15.2 -23 -11 Nonfarm placements ... .... ..... .. 22 330 + 12 + SAN ANTONIO (pop. 655,006 r) Retail sales + 9 + 10 + PLANO: see DALLAS SMSA Apparel stores -1 + 20 + 17 Automotives stores + 13 + 12 + 18 Eating and drinking places . + 2 + 5 + 11 PLEASANTON (pop. 5,053 rr) Furniture and household- Building permits, less federal contracts $ 43,200 + 10 + 12 appliance stores + 25 + 29 •• Bank debits (thousands) ............ .$ 4,754 + 9 + 44 Gasoline and service stations . + 3 -1 -ISEnd-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 3,982 -1 + 1 General-merchandise stores + 13 + 24 +Annual rate of deposit turnover . 14.3 + 13 + 44 Lumber, building material, and hardware stores . + + 13 + 13 PORT ARTHUR: see BEAUMONT-PORT ARTHUR­Postal receipts• ......... . . $ \,047,878 + 3 + 41 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 9,593,807 + 65 + 78 ORANGE SMSA Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 1,039,277 + 11 + s End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 492,133 + s + 2 PORT ISABEL: see BROWNSVILLE-HARLINGEN­ Annual rate of deposit turnover . 25.7 + 11 + SAN BENITO SMSA PORT NECHES: see BEAUMONT-PORT ARTHUR­Schertz (pop. 2,281) ORANGE SMSA Postal receipts • ....$ 2,286 + 21 + 27 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 669 + 9 •• QUANAH (pop. 4,564) End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 1,023 + 8 Postal receipts • .. $ 5,393 + 17 + 10 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 7.9 + 11 + 5 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 13,000 -63 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 4,833 3 -14 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 5,670 + 6 + 11 Seguin (pop. 14,299) Annual rate of deposit turnover . 10.5 -22 Postal receipts • .......$ 15,636 -3 + 7 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 584,018 -87 + 61 RAYMONDVILLE (pop. 9,385) Bank debits (thousands) ...... ...... .$ 14,795 + 20 -15 Postal receipts • .......$ 7,62.7 + 10 + 10 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 15,768 + + 8 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 5,350 -86 +106 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 11.3 + 20 -14 Dank debits (thousands) . . ....$ 8,072 + 20 + 35 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 8,291 + 4 + 18 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 11.9 + 20 + 17 SAN BENITO: see BROWNSVILLE-HARLINGEN-SAN Nonfarm placements 58 -27 + 45 BENITO SMSA RICHMOND: see HOUSTON SMSA SAN JUAN: see McALLEN-PHARR-EDINBURG SMSA ROBSTOWN: see CORPUS CHRISTI SMSA SAN MARCOS (pop. 12, 713) ROSENBERG: see HOUSTON SMSA Postal receipts • ..... . .......$ 24,306 + 37 + 42 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 3,343, 779 +702 SAN ANGELO SMSA Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 14,524 + + 11 (Tom Green; pop. 74,127 a) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1,009,9&7 +156 -38 Ba nk debits (thousands) II. ........$ 867,840 -5 3 SAN SABA (pop. 2,728) Nonfarm employment (area) . 22,400 •• + 2 Postal receipts • .. . $ 3,935 + 9 + 7 Manufacturing employment (area) . 3,800 + + 5 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 0 Percent unemployed (area) . 3.6 + 6 + 6 Bank debits (thousands) . . . . $ 6,880 + 26 + 12 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 4,991 + 2 -1 For an explanation of symbols, please see p, 196. Annual rate of deposit turnover...... 15.5 + 26 + 12 Percent change Percent change Local Business Conditions Local Business Conditions May 1967 May 1967 May 1967 M;,_y 1967 May from from May from from City and item 1967 Apr 1967 May 1966 City and itHn 1967 Apr 1967 May 1966 SCHERTZ: see SAN ANTONIO SMSA STRATFORD (pop. 1,380) Postal receipts • .. .$ 2,223 + 85 -8 Building permits, less federal contrncts $ 71,700 -45 +835 SEAGOVILJ,.E: see DALLAS SMSA Bank debits (thousands) ............ .$ 8,277 4 2 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t $ 5,344 7 8 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 17.9 + 5 + 8 SEGUIN: see SAN ANTONIO SMSA SWEETWATER (pop. 13,914) Postal receipts • ...$ 16,146 + 35 + 6 SHERMAN (pop. 30,660 r) Building permits, less federal contr11cts $ 4,100 -82 -65 Retail sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + 6 t + 15 + 10 Bank debits (thousands) .............$ 13,505 + 13 + 8 Automotives stores + 4 t + 15 + 15 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 10,095 + l + 1 Postal receipts• .. . . . ...$ 44,380 + •• Annual rate of deposit turnover . 16.1 + 12 + 7 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1.109,254 + 70 -41 Nonfarm placements 145 + 16 + s Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 40,883 + 13 + 9 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 23,404 -2 -8 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 20.8 + 18 + 12 TAYLOR (pop. 9,434) Nonfarm placements 127 -85 -19 Postal receipts • .. . . $ 9,376 -26 -89 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 78,615 +110 -68 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 10,170 s + 21 SILSBEE (pop. 6,277) End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 17,655 + 3 + 17 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 7.0 -3 + 6 Postal receipts • ....... ... . ... . . $ 11.221 + 36 -15 Nonfarm placements 26 + 44 -26 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 868,859 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 5,530 + 16 End-o!-month deposits (thousands) t $ 6,443 + + 8 TEMPLE (pop. 34,730 r) Annual rate of deposit turnover . 10.4 + + 8 Retail sales + 6 t + 17 + 15 Eating and drinking places. + 6 t •• + 7 Furniture and household- SINTON: see CORPUS CHRISTI SMSA appliance stores 9 t + 42 9 + + Postal receipts • ...... .... .. $ 48,719 9 5 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 353,506 + 69 -86 SLATON: see LUBBOCK SMSA Bank debits (thousands) .............$ 37,795 + 1 + 14 Nonfarm placements 233 7 -8 SMITHVILLE (pop. 2,933) TERRELL (pop. 13,803) Postal receipts • .. $ 3,429 10 + 43 Postal receipts • ..........$ 11,762 + + Building permits, less federal contracts $ 700 -96 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 168,325 +no + 80 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 1,491 + l Bank debits (thousands) .............$ 12,975 •• + 18 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 2,668 3 + 9 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 11,423 + + 18 Annual rate of deposit turnover ..... . 6.6 + 2 8 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 14.2 -1 + TEXARKANA SMSASNYDER (pop. 13,850) (Bowie, excluding Miller, Ark.; pop. 67,206 a) Postal receipts • . . .. $ 14,779 + 24 + 17 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 291,970 +108 ­ Building permits, less federal contracts $ 77,400 +651 so + 90 Bank debits (thousands) II ...........$ l,279,272 Bank debits (thousands) .............$ 12,724 + 12 + 4 + + 21 Nonfarm employment (area) . 39,650 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 17,785 -2 8 + 1 + 16 Manufacturing employment (area) . 11,390 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 8.5 + 16 2 + 2. + 48 Percent unemployed (area) . 2.6 •• -24 SOUTH HOUSTON: see HOUSTON SMSA TEXARKANA (pop. 50,006 r) Retail sales . + 6 t + 8 + 10 Postal receipts • ........$ 72,532 6 4 - SULPHUR SPRINGS (pop. 9,160) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 287,845 +107 -22 Postal receipts • .. . . $ 25,l 70 + 36 + 38 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 101,489 + 15 + 26 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t $ Building permits, less federal contracts $ 108,850 -95 + 38 2.5,529 + 6 + 15 Annual rate of deposit turnover. Bank debits (thousands) .............$ 17,700 6 -2 25.7 + 13 + 18 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t .$ 17,786 + 6 + 25 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 12.3 6 -19 TEXAS CITY: see GALVESTON-TEXAS CITY SMSA TOMBALL: see HOUSTON SMSA STEPHENVILLE (pop. 7,359) Postal receipts • . . . . ..$ 12,116 + 11 + 15 TYLER SMSA Building permits, less federal contracts $ 31,00-0 -43 -94 (Smith: pop. 99,142 a) Bank debits (thousands) ....... ... ... $ 10.884 + 15 + 12 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 862,375 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 9,706 -4 + 1 +106 + 8 Bank debits (thousands) 11. . .. .$ 1,570,644 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 13.1 + 18 + 9 -5 1 Nonfarm employment (area) . 34,750 •• + 5 Manufacturing employment (area) . 9,70() + 1 + 14 For an explanation of symbols, please see p, 196. Percent unemployed (area) . 2.9 -3 -12 JULY 1967 207 Percent change P~~atige Local Business Conditions Local Business Conditions May 1967 May 1967 May 1967 May 1967 May from from May from from Cityandikm 1967 Apr l 967 May 1966 City and it~m 1967 Apr 1967 May 1966 TYLER (pop. 51,230) WAXAHACHIE: see DALLAS SMSA Retail sales + 6t + 16 + 6 Apparel stores ·-7 t + 28 + 12' Postal receipts • . . . . . . ... .. .$ 13&,147 + 13 + 18 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 817.375 +102 + 5 WEATHERFORD (pop. 9,759) Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 133,198 + 8 + 3 Postal receipts• . . $ End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 75,213 •• 1 16,004 + 3 + 20 Annual rate of deposit turnover . Building permits, less federal contracts $ 102,774 -94 +284 21.S + 8 + 6 Nonfarm placements .. 573 + 2 -29 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. S 15,292 + 5 •• UVALDE (pop. 10,293) WESLACO: see McALLEN-PHARR-EDINBURG SMSA Postal receipts • . . . . . ...$ ll.468 + 3 + 6 Building permits, Jess federal contracts $ 91,543 -86 -54 Bank debits (thousands) ............. $ 17,013 + 21 + 18 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 9,857 + 3 + 2 Annual rate of deposit turnover.. 21.0 + 16 + 14 WHITE SETTLEMENT: see FORT WORTH SMSA VERNON (pop. 12,141) WICHITA FALLS SMSA Building permits, less federal contracts $ 2,475,096 (Archer and Wichita; pop. 128,508 a) Bank debits (thousands) ...... ...... .$ 16,295 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i S 20,884 + •• + + Building permits, less federal contracts $ 3,680,920 + 152 + 423 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 9.4 + 2 + Bank debits (thousands) 11. $ 1,949,064 -3 -9 Nonfarm placements 88 + 28 Nonfarm. employment (area) . 48,800 •• + Manufacturing employment (area) . 4,680 + 2 + 11 Percent unemployed (area) . 2.9 -6 •• VICTORIA (pop. 33,047) Retail sales ... + 6 t -1 + 12 Postal receipts • ............. .......$ 52,823 + 3 + Iowa Park (pop. 5,152 r) Building permits, less federal contracts $ 434,305 +112. + 84 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 1,1,550 +413 ­ 86 Bank debits (thousands) . . ....$ 84,365 + 8 + l5 Bank debits (thousands) .. .........$ 3,288 + 2 + 2 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 87,931 -1 -2 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 3,700 •• -10 Annual rate of deposit turnover... 11.4 + 10 + 19 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 10.7 + IS + Nonfarm placements ........... .... . 603 + 10 + 5 WICHITA FALLS (pop. 115,340 r)WACO SMSA Retail sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. + 6 t + 10 + 6 (McLennan; pop. 155,413 a) Automotives stores + 4 t + 14 + 11 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 2,827,185 +306 +319 Postal receipts~ ..............$ 134,223 •• -5 Bank debits (thousands) 11 .......... .$ 2,047,764 6 + 3 Building permits, less federal contracts $ 3,033,470 +117 +s88 Nonfarm employment (area) . 55,700 + + 3 Ba nk debits (thousands) .............$ 153,856 + 9 5 Manufacturing employment (area) . 12,140 + + 8 End-of-mar.th deposits (thousands) i. $ 91,826 -1 s Percent unemployed (area) . 3.8 •• -17 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 20.0 + 12 McGregor (pop. 4,642) LOWER RIO GRANDE VALLEY Building permits, Jess federal contracts $ 19,500 +983 Bank debits (thousands) ......... ....$ 4,049 -11 -23 (Cameron, Willacy, and Hidalgo; pop. 340,415 8 ) End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 7,458 + 6 + 12 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 6.7 -13 28 -Retail sales + 6 t + 7 + s Apparel stores 7 t + l3 2 Automotives stores + 4t + 12 + WACO (pop. 103,462) Drugstores + 11 t + 2 Food stores + 9 t 7 •• Retail sales tt .. .... . + 6 t + + 19 Furniture and household- Automotive stores tt + 4t + + 35 appliance stores ............. .. . + 9 t + + Postal receipts • . . . . . . . ....... $ 222,889 •• + 7 1 Gasoline a nd service stations . + 6 t + +Building permits, Jess federal contracts $ 2,786,840 +436 +372 General-merchandise stores + 12 t + 17 8 }lank debits (thousands) .............$ 155,191 7 + 7 Lumber, building material, End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 93,005 + 4 + 6 and hardware stores. + 2 t + 9 •• Annual rate of deposit turnover . 20.4 5 + 4 Postal receipts • + 2 + 6 Building permits, Jess federal contracts 9 + 12 Bank debits (thousands) . + 6 + 15 tt Reported in cooperation with the Baylor University Bureau of Research. End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. •• + s 7 12 For an explanation of symbols, please see p, 196. Annual ra te of deposit turnover. 18.8 + + BmOMETERS OF TEXAS BUSINESS (All figures are for Texas unless otherwise indicated.) All indexes e based on the average months for 1957-1959 except where other specification is made; all except annual index? _are adjusted for seasonal variation unless otherwise noted. Employment estimates are compiled by the Texas Emp~oyment Co~m1~10n in cooperation with the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor. The symbols used below impose quahficat10ns as indicated here: •-preliminary data subject to revision; r-revised data; #-dollar totals for the calendar year to date; §-dollar totals for the fiscal year to date; t-employment data for wage and salary workers only. Year-to-date average May Apr May 1967 1967 1966 1967 1966 GENERAL BUSINESS ACTIVITY Business activity (index) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . ..... . 194.6 185.6 177..2 187.6 172.6 U.S. wholesale prices (unadjusted index) .......... . 105.8 105.3 105.6 105.8 105.3 Consumer prices in Houston (unadjusted index) . 113.6 113.3 110.5 U.S. consumer prices (unadjusted index) . 115.6 115.3 112.6 115.1 111.9 Income payments to individuals in U.S. (billions, at seasonally ad­ justed annual rate) . $ 616.9. $ 614.1 • $ 573.0 r $ 612.0 $ 567.5 Business failures (number) 45 57 42 45 48 Business failures (liabilities, thousands) $ 4,107 $ 6,185 $ 4,817 $ 5,310 $ 7,989 Newspaper advertising linage (index) . 123.3 125.8 119.0 121.3 117.1 Ordinary-life-insun,nce sales (index) ...... . . , 206.5 174.2 185.9 183.4 174.7 Miscellaneous freight carloadings in S.W. District (index) . 86.3 89.8 84.0 85.1 82.1 Ratio of credit sales to net sales in department and apparel stores . 62.2. 62.8. 63.9 r 63.0 64.3 Ratio of collections to ou tstandings in department and apparel stores . 37.2. 27.1 • 36.4r 34.0 34.5 PRODUCTION Total electric-power use (index) ........ . 213.8. 212.3. 185.8 r 202.7 180.7 Industrial electric-power use (index) ......... . . 188.l • 194.0. 173.6 r 186.5 169.0 Crude-oil production (index) . . . . .......... . 106.0. 100.8. 106.5 r 103.5 100.8 Average daily production per oil well (bbl.) . 14.3 14.I 14.3 14.4 14.2 Crude-oil runs to stills (index) .... . 128.9 125.2 120.0 121.5 115.8 U.S. industrial production (index) ................... . .. . . . 155.5 • 156.0. 155.3 r 156.5 153.2 Industrial production-total (index) ................... .. . . . ... .. . . 154.2. 151.3 • 145.8 r 152.7 143.2 Industrial production-total manufactures (index) .......... . .. .. .. . 171.7 • 170.4. 161.9 r 170.3 158.9 Industrial production-durable manufactures (index) ..... . . . . 189.2. 188.4. 176.6 r 190.4 173.4 Industrial production-nondurable manufactures (index) 160.1 • 158.4. 152.1 r 156.9 149.2 Industrial production-mining (index) .... .. . .............. . . 118.2. 112.6. 115.5 r 117.3 112.9 Industrial production-utilities (index) . .............. . . 211.7 • 209.9. 183.3 r 206.2 182.7 Building construction authorized (index) ..... ... . ......... . ... . . . . 163.9 135.7 141.5 144.1 145.0 New residential building authorized (index) . ....... . . . .. . ... . . . 133.2 97.6 110.1 105.8 111.3 New nonresidential building authorized (index) ... .. .. .. .. . .. . . 212.3 199.2 195.7 205.6 199.4 AGRICULTURE Prices received by farmers (unadjusted index, 1910-14=100) 236 238 268 240 267 Prices paid by farmers in U.S. (unadjusted index, 1910-14=100) ... . 342 341 333 340 331 Ratio of Texas farm prices received to U.S. prices paid by farmers . 69 70 80 70 81 FINANCE Bank debits (index) . . .......... . ............... . .. . . . . 205.9 195.4 186.9 198.4 181.7 U.S. bank debits (index) .......... . ... . . . ..... . . 219.9 227.0 201.8 221.1 199.5 Reporting member banks, Dallas Federal Reserve District Loans (millions) .................................. .. .. . Loans and investments (millions) . . . . .......... . ... . . . . .. . . . Adjusted demand deposits (millions) Revenue receipts of the state comptroller (thousands) ..... . ..... . . . Federal Internal Revenue collections (thousands) . . ....... . Securities registrations-original applications $ 4,880 $ 7,202 $ 3,170 $263,290 $745,351 $ 4,863 $ 7,169 $ 2,836 $213,421 $314,266 $ 4,823 $ 6,992 $ 2,942 $257,615 $661,107 $ 4,837 $ 4,761 $ 7,118 $ 6,941 $ 2,980 $ 2,833 $198,101 $190,880 $4,425,193 § $3,880,154 § Mutual investment companies All other corporate securities (thousands) $ 45,900 $ 19,645 $ 37,931 $202,363 § $208,531 § Texas companies (thousands) Other companies (thousands) . Securities registrations-renewals $ 4,493 $ 9,989 $ 6,756 $ 6,250 .$ 1,230 $ 4,111 $ 40,132 § $ 54,418 § $ 27,862 § $ 55,276 § Mutual investment companies (thousands) All other corporate securities (thousands) . LABOR $ 15,312 $ 193 $ 8,395 $ 3,087 $ 15,401 $ 0 $113,056 § $ 6,018 § $ 96,840 § $ 6,351 § Manufacturing employment (index) t ... .. ... ... .. . . .. . . . . . Total nonagricultural employment (index) t. . .. . . . ... . . Average weekly hours-manufacturing (index) t . . . .. .. .. .. .. . Average weekly earnings-manufacturing (index) t . . . . . .. .. .. . 132.6. 130.6. 101.7 • 128.6. 132.2. 130.2. 101.5 • 128.2. 127.2 r 124.5 r 103.2 r 125.5 r 132.1 130.0 101.1 127.0 124.8 123.0 102.7 124.5 Total nonagricultural employment (thousands) t .. ...... .. . . . Total manufacturing employment (thousands) t ......... . Durable-goods employment (thousands) t. Nondurable-goods employment (thousands) t . Total nonagricultural labor force in selected labor-market areas 3,226.0. 640.3. 343.8. 296.5. 3,213.2 • 639.2. 343.1 • 296.1 • 3,074.3 r 614.5 r 324.5 r 290.0 r 3,192.9 637.5 342.0 295.5 3,020.4 602.6 315.8 286.8 (thousands) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . Employment in selected labor-market areas (thousands) ..... . . Manufacturing employment in selected labor-market areas 3,044.5 2,859.2 3,018.3 2,846.4 2,907.6 2.717.8 3,006.7 2,836.6 2,873.3 2,694.7 (thousands) . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . ... . ... . . . Total unemployment in selected labor-market areas (thousands) . . Percent of labor force unemployed in selected labor-market 545.8 85.9 543.6 81.1 509.3 93.5 541.4 84.0 503.9 95.4 areas ....... .. . . ... .. ..... . .... . ... . .. ... ... . 2.8 2.7 3.2 2.8 3.3 NEW PUBLICATIONS ENPLANED AIRLINE TRAFFIC IN TEXAS, 1958 TO 1964, WITH PROJECTIONS THROUGH 1969 by WARREN ROSE This publication, No. 1 in the Bureau of Business Re­search Studies in Transportation, is an examination of the growth patterns of air transportation in Texas as com­pared with those in the Southwest and the United States. $2.00 INTERNATIONAL POPULATION CENSUS BIBLIOGRAPHY -EUROPE Prepared by Population Research Center Department of Sociology The University of Texas This bibliography of European censuses is the sixth and last volume in the series compiled by the Population Re­search Center at The University of Texas under the title International Population Census Bibliography. $6.00 BUREAU OF BUSINESS RESEARCH The University of Texas Austin, Texas 78712