FOREIGN PRESS REVIEW DAILY SURVEY OF woaLD COMMENT ON THE WAR COMPILED FROM TELEGRAPHIC REPORTS RECEIVED BY THE MINISTRY OF INFORMATION No. . ..............................5th··Feb:n.t.a·ey.,, 1940 19 SY/EDEN: RUS._;IAN WAR lwmrHODS ATTACKED. A violent attack on Russia's methods of waging war in Finland was made in yesterday's SOCIAL DEMOKRATEN, the organ of the Social Democratic Party, under the heading "Bolshevism's Disgrace and Defeat". "The present leaders in Russia bear the responsibility for having abandoned every cultural scruple," d·.~clared this journal. "It is increasingly clear to Europe and l-1merica that Finland must not lose, and active help must be supplied. for the preservation of Democracy." Stating that the Soviet army was no longer respected, the paper added: "When one considers the strong position of the Soviet under Litvinov's skillfui leaclership before the war and the present position in which Russia is the object of universal contempt, one has at least the comfort that evil has not gone absolutely unpunished." The DAGENS ~r.IHETER, referring to the sugsestion that the Swedish Constitution should be modified, emphasised the danger of taking rash steps and advised caution. In a message from Berlin, the STOCK.HOLMS TIDNINGEN stated that the fact that there had not been any sensational results from the Balkan Conference, pleased Germnny. • The fonnation of a Balkan bloc united against Russian aggression cx:>uld easily merge into the Allied-Turkish Alliance, but this bloc had not been fo~med. This correspondent added that the cold weather and the lack of coal in Berlin was causing increasing discomfort and discontent. It was not long ago that the Gerraan authorities declared that the Reich possessed a sufficiency of coal. GEm~.ANY: NAZI INTERPRETATION OF "BLITZKRIEG FLU." The fact that the word "Blitzkrieg" has gained some popularity in England reveals that Germany's quick victory over Poland has made a deep imprerssion_ on Britcns, according to DER HITI'AG, the Dusseldorf newspaper. In a. message from Amsterdam, this paper wrote: "The influenza epidemic has given birth to a new expression in England. On account of the tremendous violence with which 'flu i s appearing in England, and the speed with which it is spreading, it has acquired the nick-name of 1Blitzkrieg 'Flu'. "It is interesting to note that popular speech has taken ever a German word. It shows the powerful impression which the brief Polish campaign and the lightning victory of th; German anns has made on the British population. In this one new expression the morale of the British people is revealed bet"t:;er than in many ~publications. 2 FOREIGN PRESS REVIEW Page "This one word forcibly condemns as lies all the official claims of the British Government quarters about the opinion of the man in the st:t"eet~" In announcing the entry of Prince St arhemberg into the French Army, the WESTFAELISCHE LANDESZEITUNG stat ed: "Thus this decadertt deserter has at last come out into the ope,.,_ and occupied the place which he has already inwardly occupied for years -as the mynnidon of Schuschnigg Austria and later as the willing tool of the Anti­German war inciters of the Western Powers." The KOELNISCHER ZEITUNG headed its report on the same subject "The WaY of a Traitor." DER ; . .LITTAG in a dispatch from Berlin on Saturday said that the Fuehrer' s speech had covered the TD.1EJ with embarrassment. "Since the 'i'D:IBS must be regarded as the official organ of England it can confidently be asserted that the clear and irrefutable arguments of Adolf Hitler have got on the nerves of.official England," decl~red t:1is pa:::ier. "Most of the arguments of the TIMES are much too feeble and threadbare to be worth the trouble of contesting. The TilviES wants to tell the world that the plutocracy does not in any way contemplate the annihilation of Ger.many. Naturally nobody believes this sanctimonous protestation after the dismembering of Germany has been announced by leading Britons and Frenchmen as the war aim of the Western Powers." U.S.A.. HITLER 1S ILLOGIC.AL SPEE8.H. Herr Hitler's reasoning as to which countries are "have-not "nations and which are "have" nations does not bear rational analysis, in the view cf the NEW YORK TIMES. In an examination of points made in the German Fuehrer's speech this paper sta·~ed: "Hitler and the German people cannot think clearly. They cannot distinguish between ownership and oovBreignty, or between real distribution and wealth of territory. Ylhen Hitler makes his contrast between the Population and territory of the British Empire and the German Reich, he takes in all territory of th~ British Empire but blandly leaves out all population except that in Great Britain. "The truth is that Hitler's argument concerning the 'haves' and the 'have-nots' cannot bear rational analysis. There is no logic or sincerity in Hitler's arguments. If Germany is a 'have-not' nation, was Czechoslovakia a 'havel nation and >ras Poland a 'have' nation? Even victory would leave the Germans far poorer than before th_~ Hitlerian acquisitions began." This paper published a letter by a former member of the Reichstag which stated: "The genercl disillnsionment as to Hitler's foreign and domestic policy has made greater progress in Germany in these last three months than in the preceeding three years. 5.2.40 FOREIGN PRESS REVIE~T Page "The middle-class and the peasants are in despair and have no jobs. The intellectuals are much more incl:i.ned to stazt revolutionary action than manual vorkers accustomed to a life of restrictions. The successful revolution in Germany will only be possible after the disintegration of the Dictatorship by a very wide co-operation between the various social groups." U.::5.S.R: FINNISH AIR RAIDS DENIED. A denial that Finnish aeroplanes had raided Russia is pub~ished in the Soviet Press today. The deiitenti which was issued 1)y the Staff Clf the Leningrad military district reads: "Paid agents of enemies of the U.S.0.R. are spreading reports in the foreign Press to the effect that 'Finnish aeroplanes havecarried out raids over areas of the U.S.S.R. and bombed Soviet warships lying at Kronstadt which are on fire 1 • The General Staff announces that all these reports are pure invention. The Finnish air force, although it has received 'the most modern aeroplames from England, France, the United States, Sweden and Italy1 ,hd.e not cmly made no raid, but has proved incapable of defending the Command Headquarters of the Finnish Sta~fs at Lahti, Rovaniemi and Viborg, which have been wrecked by the Soviet airforce. "~here has been, and can be, no raid by the Finnish airforce in the direction of Kronstadt or in any other direction in areas of the U.S.S.R. The same paid agents of the enemies of the U.S.S.R. assert in the Foreign Press that 'a large scale advance on the part of the 0nviet forces has begun on the Karelian isthmus and in the area north of Lake Ladoga, the outcome of ·which is not yet clear'. The Soviet staff declares that this af firmation is also devoid of all foundation. "Actually on the Karelian Isthmus and in the area north of Lake Ladoga, only occasional clashes of a number of companies of purely local character are t~king place, accompanied by brief spells of artilleI"'J fire. Possibly from the point of view of the microscopic dimensions of operations on the Eur opean Western Front, the clash of some companies appears as 'an important advance', but we consider such dimensions to be laughable, and we are unable to regard the clash of a number of companies, either as a large scale or small advance." FRl1NCE: SUPT'ORT FOR FOOD c~.JtD l.'Iovz.r.:~NT. There is increasing support in the French Press for the mo-.rement in favour of introducing food-cards for such coLrraodities as coffee, oil, and sugar, not because of any present shortage but in order t o gua.rd against prices rising and to stop hoarding. In this connection the OUEVRE stated : "Vlhat are the objections that have been mad~ and a re still being made, to rationing? Is it felt that they vvill have a bad effect on morale? "On the cc•ntrary, the people are the first to ~~Jll!aise it. "Is it felt that rationing of the French consumer would be exploited by our enemies? No mor e than they expl0ited the ratiOning ·cl" the English consumer, vrhich dates from the first weeks of the war and. was accepted by our friends without a murmur. " 5.2.40. FOREIGN PRESS REVIEW Page BULGJlRIA: GER..:.dIT'S D.G8IRE FOR BALK.Ali PEACE. Germany aims at keeping peace in South-Eastern Europe and has no wish to interfere vdth the Balkan countries. This statement wao made yesterday by t he 3erlin Correspondent of the Sofia ne'.rspaper ZORA. "Geri!!any desires the preservation of peace in the South·East, 11 affirmed this corresponc~ent. "For economic and political reasons the Reich is folloning developments there vary closely. She does not desire to interfere with the Yd.shes of the :Oalkan Si;ates or to settle their problems directly. Berlin has given no guarantees to Roumania." This paper reported an interview· between its editor M.Krapcheff and M.Macek at Belgrade at which i':I.Macek said he hoped a . way would be found to regulate relations between Yugoslavia and Bulgaria so that the world would see that the Slavs were capable of enjoying greater freedom. The ZORA and the OUTRO both gave considerable prominence to the speech by Mr. Oliver Stanley. Bulgarian Foreign Policy vrhich, it '.Vas seated, had always aimed at peace, vras the subject of an articJ..c in the usually well-informed Sofia newspaper DNES0. "Bulgaria's Foreign Policy is not confused," it was added. "Never has the Bulgarian conscience felt so clearly the mistakes of the past. Some years ago Bulgarian Forcl gn Policy ad,'"'pted a new outlook of straightf1;rvv!'!rdness and moderation, and this new p::isition is not dictated by internal weakness, but by the lessons of history. It is the result of Bulgarian national self-criticism. "This change in the Bulgarian mental attitude should be noted by statesmen of the Balkan Pact. Concessions to the principle of ~ood neighbourliness gi'len by Sofi.::1. are the limit of Bulgarian goodwill, Let this not be forgotten. Bulgarian Foreign p,'Jt.rlcts., The senior director of a local nn.r.sc ry cm<'l_ seed -1.. rm. hac ~oe •3n appointed '11he Gax:.rr::.ont Ci.::iema in t he town aeJ.:•eed to advertise the Hor>ticulture Cor.m1i ttee 1 s a r:;tivi ties on the screen and other cir..ecJas ara to be approached to do likewise. 'rhe Ministry·' s poster has been di;;pl.ayed in all ,_buses operating in the town and in twenty o:t' the principal shops. Dcmo~rntra.tion pl.ots are -being cultivated in the Publj,c Parks, and a seri.es of lectures has heen arranged , the first of whi.ch was ~:,i ven by the Parl-rn Superintendent on "Horticulture i n r/a::."-Time 11 .,. The adjoining Rural District Council i s taking advantage of the t owns 1 f ac i lities f or technical advice for its allotment hold.e::.'s ar..d pr ivate ga rdern:;rse. x x x x 'l'he Newport ( Mo:c1mou tr~EJl1i:t'G ) T·own. Council have appointed one of the allotment hold.ers in each group of allotr11ents as Allotment Steward , and his duty i s to see tha t e ach holder cultivates his plot to the best of his ability•. There appears perhaps an elernent of the policeman in this,, but it is well realised that only peaceful persuasion will t succeed, and 11 to the best of his ability" is a safeguarding condition which means tha t any inability will be met by bringing into action all the available advice tha t is being provided• .... x x x x x WAJ..iTHAM ABBEY EXPLOSION. No Serious Dumaze to Glasshouse Cpo12s. Investigations made of the damage done to glasshouses by the recent explosi on at Waltham Abbey reveal 4. that the damage to crops has not been extensive-. Only a fevv propagating houses seem to have suffe1~ed and so only a comparatively small number of tomato anc1 other plants sustained any check. Damage was worst in a small district due north of Waltham Abbey where there are ten nurseries v:ith a total of some 25~ acres of glass. The average damage even here , however, probably-averages no more than 40 per cent. of the panes in the sides and ends and about 2 per cent in the roofs. It was remarkable how the force of the exr>losion seemed to blow out the glass in the sides and ends and hardly affect the roofs. Damage to the timber cannot yet be very accurately assessed. Ho reports have come in of glasshouse s that have collapsed or of t:i.,mber actually-·broken , but in some of the older houses the woodwork has been strained and loosened. All gro'Ne rs keep a re sc rve supply of glass and this i s now being used. There seems to be no shortage of glass or timber for repairs. MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES , 10, Whitehall Place , London , S. W.1. 5th F~bruary_,.__l.940. No . 4. M.A. F .147. Many t''armers will want to push on with the Ploughing Campaign for next year ' s harvest by ploughing in the darker hour:::, and sometimes by night . They vrill be interested to learn that tb s Lighting Regulations have recently been amendccl to enable mor·e night work to bs done. The relative paragraph of the new Lighting Restrictions Ord(:;r, 19409 (dated 19th J2.nuary, 19·40) runs as follows :­ In the case of a tractor which is being used for any agricultural purpose otherwise than on a road9 light may b~ displayed from not more than three lamps on t he tractor, so long as (a) not more than t wo lru:ips show forwards and not more than one lamp shows to the rear; (b) any r•eflec-t~ors fitted to the lai'!lps are r emoved, or painted over with matt black paint or otherwise rendered ineffective; (c) in the case of each l amp, the area of the aperture through which light is emitted does not exceed the area of a circle of 3 inches in diameter; and (d) y dive::•sion of' anthracite and low temper·a ture coke from their present uses. CONCLUSIONS. 1. Provided suitable equi-pment and fuels are used producer gas can be regarded as a practicable alternative fuel for motor vehicles, and can be recommended for use in an emergency for certain types of road transpor~ 2o The producer plant desjgned by the Committee may be regarded as satisfactory in operation wj_th low volatile anthracite c.nd certain low temperature cokes. The plant was designed foP vehicles having a gross laden weight of 6 tons with engine capacities of 3-4 litres. 3. The Committee's design o:f producer plant is simple 9 but il.,S satisfactory performance is dependent on strict adherence to the leading dimensions given 9.nd good workmanship in manui'acture. <~ . The use o:f the producer on a trailer would generally obviate the complications a:r:d costs arising from mnunting the producer direct on the vehicle, but the method to be preferred is dependent upon individual circumstances. 5. The use of an effective gas filtration system is essential. The Committee have obtained good results using sisal tow, and also oiled coke followed by sisal tow 9 as :filtering media. 6 .. It is somewhat difficult to estimate accurately the overall costs of operation with producer gas 9 as these are affected by such diverse factors as loss of power, possible loss of loading space and extra costs of servicing. Actual fueJ costs under present conditions should. be appreciably less than i,vi th petrol, The extent to which this will offset or exceed the increased costs will depend on conditions and price levels. 7. There is a possrbili ty of i:r:creased cylinder \Near to an extent which may be appreciable but is not likely to be prohibitive given proper servicing of the filters and coolers. 8. Modifications to engines are not essential 9 although in certain ciPcumstances they will improve performance. 9. The fitting of complicated controls is not regarded as necessary, and the training of a suitable number of drivers will not present serious difficulty. 10. With most designs of producer plant the use of a certain amount of petrol is necessary. This avoids the cost and complication of a fan and facilitates manoeuvring. 11. The danger arising from the asphyxiating properties or producer gas, and the fire risk involved, rire not serious provided reasonable precautions are taken. 12. Gas producer vehicles c on be used for local delivery work, although they-are much more s.ui table and economic:.11 on long distance worlc . 13. It is of the utmost importance that producers should not be used \Vi th unsuitable fuels . 14. The sui ta.ble fuels at present availa1Jle are lovv volatile anthracite a~d certain low temperature cokes. 15. The position regarding availability of fuel i i3 that:­ (a) Sufficient anthracite for several thousand vehicles can be made avs:ilable at short notice; but the q"uantities o:E' specially dried fuel, which is not however req_ll.i red for the emergency producer Y are very limited. / -3 ­ (b) The addition to (a) of the low temperature coke which it should be possible to make available; without undue disturbance of' existing markets and if certain plant were installed at low temperature works, should provide sufficient fuel for approach j_ng 10 ,OOO vehicles. (c) In any period of vital emergency larger quantities of fuel could probably be diverted for use with producers should the national interest demand this. (d) There is reason to hope that the potential fuel supply will be largely increased, by the addition of certain types of' coke, should experiments fulfil their present promise. 16 . Potentia'.!,. manufacturers and users of producers should bear the fuel position in mind When considering their plans. ~J c. 2/2>.LLI 0 -.•. l'.,0. •· .,0,9 •• v ..... .; • • Ove1" £30,000, cont1"i0uted. b?· !-:31..itish ·.1eO}}le in all )arts of the Globe, has ~10 ·r been P Gceivee.. by the Overseas Lea@u e '.i101:iacco Fmldj Tl1is means 30l' 000, 000 oiga1..ettes i'o1.. soldiers at the Front (including Cze ch and Indian troo~s), the Navy ancl th~ Air PoPce. Loney is nor; corning i:n in inci>eas:!.ng quantities from distaDt la:m'J.s. '1.'he Ft.in.a. ~-;:>roviCl.es a usof'ul geogra:::ihy lesao~1 in i t seli'; the Turl{s Island.s; Virgii1. Isla11c:..sl' Chl'"'istmas lslanct, the Se~rcl1elles~ Lia.dagascar, Cochini> Haiti, Dominica anc1 Nauru (Gilbe1...t Islands) have figu:eed Pece:ntly on the list. Sou·Gh Africa's intei"est may 'be juc.ged by the i'act that from 33 t9VV.iB in ca~1e Provi11.ce alone p clonations have bee11 i--eceiveo.. India.n anc~ Cingalese members are helving ; 36 centre s in India, 6 in Burni.a., anc~ 17 in Ceylon have alreac1.y con"i:;l'ibutect. 5/2/40 -No.?. NOT FOR PUBLICATION BEF'OI?.:c DELIVERY AT 9.15 P.U. 10NIGHT, MONDAY 5TH PEBRUARY 19L1G·, The Viscount Craigavon;-Prime Minister of Northe!'n Ireland, will broadcast the following talk in the B,B.C. Home Service (391 or 449 m.) at 9.15 p.m. tonight, Monday, February 5th, I940 :­ ULSTER'S PART IN THE WAR. It is a high privilege for me this evening to be afforded an opportunity of explaining briefly something of the part which is being played by this outpost of the Empire in the great struggle in which the United Kingdom and her gallant Allies are engaged. Before doing so, however, let me say with what profoundadmiration we here have observed the almost miraculous way in which, under the wise am· courageous leadership of Mr. Chamberlain, the British Government has achieved in a few months what took so long t o accomplish in the last great war; unity of comnand on the Western front, close economic alliance with France, the swift mobilisation of our man power, the rapid dispatch of the Expeditionary Force, the instant action of the Ro3ra l Navy in taking command of the Seas and of the 110:1/al Air Force in talcing command of the air.. This has been achieved with a s:r>eed, a smoothness and a precision beyond praise, and all that despite the gigantic problems of home defence, the organisation of supply and the control and equitable distribution of food stuffs which had to be dealt with at the same time. Is it to be wondered at, our attachment to the Mother Country? Our pride in Britain's might? In this stronghold of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland we have been thrilled, just as you must have been9 by the moving accounts of heroic deeds on sea, on landi and in the air and have been stirred b;'}r the news of war activities from the more distant parts of the Empire -New Zealand, Australia, Canada, South Africa, India 9 Newfoundland9 and, indeed, from all those far-flung lands which owe allegiance to the British Crown, and which manifest such impressive unity of purpose in the prosecution of the war. We like t o hear how they are getting on. It may therefore be of interest to my listeners across the Channel -that narrow strait which lies between us, but does not separate us -to hear something of Ulster's contribution to the common cause. Prior to the outbreak of hostilities, when international affairs had reached a critical stage, each House of our local Parliament on the 22nd March, 1938, passed a resolution which I should li1rn to read to you, as an illustration of our earlydetermination to give such support, as lies in our power, to those who guide the destinies of the British people. It was in these terms ~ - "That/ .. -2­ . "T~at this House, fully re8.lising the anxieties besetting His MaJesty s Government of the United Kingdom o.t the present time and praying that its efforts to· at tain Wt.lld preserve peace throug}).o~t the world will be completely successfur, assures the Prime ivnnister of that Government that r should any crisis arise, he can confidently rely upon the people of loyal Ulster to share the responsibilities and bur&ens with their kith and kin in other parts of the United Kingdom and the Empire, . to the utmost of h_er resources 11 o That undertaking we shall honouro Britain's difficulty is Northern Ireland's opportunity to place all her resourcesJ both human and material, at the disposal of the United Kingdom in this hour of crisis. I t is our desire also that this determination should be expressed to the full in terms of practical service and personal sacrificeo In Great Britain it has been agreed to refrain from party controversy during the period of the war. It is our wish, too, that the voice of controversy should be stilled, and that, as a united people, we should bend all our energies towards the comple­tion of the one supreme task confronting us. We e~erish with you those traditions of democracy and freedom which alone make political controversy possible , and we should feel that we were acting a cowards part if, instead of taking an active share in safe gim·ding our common heritage 9 and preserving it for generations yet to be, we were to allow our attention to b6 diverted to less urgent questions. I have spoken of our resources. What are these resources, and what contribution are we making towards the national effort? Pride of place must be given t o all those who have gone forth to serve in the Forces of the Crown. Northern Ireland has in the past always been to the forefront as a recruiting ground for the British Army, to which she has given many famous regiments, such as the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers, the Royal Ulster Rifles, the Royal Irish Fusiliers, the North Irish Horse and many others whose exploits are recorded on the scroll of history. Since the out­break of war, there has been a steady response to the call for volunteers: countless numbers of our young men have enlisted in the Regiments to which I have just made reference, and in other · Army units, as well as in the Navy and in the Air Force. We have given, also, many men to the Mercantile Marines for around our rock­bound and turbulent coast some of the finest seamen in the Kingdom have been born and bred. Those at home are , of course, engaged in some form of national service -in a host of important though less spectacular roles. Large numbers of our women, too, are employed in the womnn 1s auxiliary services, or are engaged in war hospital supply work or other useful activities on the 11home front. 11 Secondly, I would mention the part being played by our farmers and farm labourers, whose sikiill in husbandry enables them to make a contribution of the gr eatest value at the pr esent time. We are largely an agricultural community of small f armers cultivating nearly 100,000 holdings of which over 65 per cent do not exceed thirty acres in extento We have had 1 therefore, to build up and organise an agricultural system suitable for our peculiar local cond:ttions,, ln r ecent years by education 9 by research, and, above all, by the improvement of marketing methods, we have been able to r aise the standard of our agricultural produce and to increase the productivity of our farmso In peace time, we send to Great Britain not only cattle 9 sheep, and pigs, but also such commodities as eggs, bacon and potatoeso It is now our aim to increase our contribution to the corrunon l arder and to render the greatest possible assistance within our power in augmenting the nation's food production. We/ 3 We plan, for example, to plough n quarter of a million additional acres of land this year. On any of these wintry days -snow perraitting -one may see all over the Ulster countryside the most modern type of tractor as well as horse-drawn ploughs passing to and :rro across green fields, some of which have not been broken up within living memory. In addition to an increase in our production of food and feGding stuffs, we are planning n substantially larger acreo.ge of flax -a crop for the growing of whioh our land is suitable, und in the handling of whioh our peo:ple are skilled'. In these times, when imported supplies of flax ::i.re difficult to come by, it is important that our linen mnnuf'acturers should be in a position to obtain a supply of the raw material which will enable them not only to meet the needs of the Fi3hting Services but also to maintain and expand the overseas trade of the United Kingdom -a vital consideration as you all know, when enormous sums 1:iust be spent abroad in purcho.sing su~ylies essential for military purposes. It is not generallyknown that in point of value linen goods constitute the second largest item in the export trade of the United Kingdom to U.S.A. and tho.t the bulk of these goods come from NBrthern Ireland. In the sphere of industry, too, we have at hand an unrivalled reservoir of technical skill and adaptability in the ranks of our artisans. We have a living tradition of oraftaman­shi~ which is being utilised to the f'ull in many forms of specialised work which it would not be proper for me to reveal. All, however, -employers and employees -are concentrating their combined energies on the allotted tasks. We have not lost sight, either, of the contribution our people oan make in the financial field, and Northern Ireland has entered with enthusiasm into the National Savings Campaign. Sales of Savings Certificates and Defence Bonds havebeen maintained at the rate of £100,000 per week. Perhaps I might also add that we bear exactly the same heavy burden of taxation as our fellow citizens in Great Britain, and we are glad to be able this year to hand over to the British Treasury an Imperial Contribution of £2,000,000. So much for our positive efforts. On the Home front we have aocGpted without question every restriction which the Imperial Governraent has deemed it necessary in the national interest to impose -the "black-out", petrol and food rationing, and all the other "controls", and we gladly recognise that it is one of the obligations of our common citizenship that we should endure them, with good humour nnd a stout heart. Our resources are by no means exhausted. We have an under­stancling with British Ministers that they will let us lu""lOW from tirae to time of any requirements which it may be within our power to supply. It will be our proud ambition to meet such demands with energy and despatch. I have tried to indicate very briefly a few of the ways in whioh _we are endeavouring to pull our weight in the presentstruggle. But neither material resources nor human skill and ingenuity can by themselves ensure the victory of our ouuse. There nru.st also be a deep-rooted conviction that those things for whioh we have taken up arms are dearer than life itself, and unf'linohing resolve on the part of our people not to cease from the .fight until our purpose has been fully accomplishecl and a real and lasting victory achieved. It is this spirit which todayanirnates Ulster men and Ul,ster women, as it does their fellow citizens in the rest of the United Kingdom and the Empire, and it is this spirit which, ns in the pa.st, will ensure the ultimate triUtn.:;_Jh of liberty, freedom, nnd justice. -~-­ ne make no claim to having done anything more t han our duty, nor do we claim superiority in patriotism over other :parts of the United ICingdom, but I am anxious that all my listeners across the Channel should realise that though Ulster be but a small link in the chain which encircles and binds the Empire, she is, by virtue of her strategical position and her ha1"dy northern, stock, !L_St~ong . l~_:--~_JJ.nk _t_ha_t__]yi.J.1. .J::l.~i ther breal~~__Q_~-~d bef_~__ TJl~--lhL~_f?_,_en~mies. We are Ki~Jr,_§.__ men, w~.. wi_i1 be with uo_u.,_t~o.. .t..h.e__e]ldo ' -----000-----­ 5/2/40 .;. No 8; SELECTING SITES FOR ULSTER ,HUT.S IN FRANCE In connection with the scheme for providing two Ulster huts for the troops in France, two representatives of the movement (Mro Montague Goodman and Mr. Robert Laidlaw) have received permission from the authorities to go to France for the purpose of selecting sites and beginning the work. Funds for the f'irst hut have already been raised, and it is expected' that the cost of the second will be covered by the end of this month. EMPIRE AFFAIRS WAG:CS OF DI.STER TJUilJH NG TRADE rlOPJ\:ERS. Labourers in Northern Ireland will receive, as frrnn the first full paJr in May, a halfpenny an hour over snc1 above any national avrnrd that may be given. This is apart frori1 tl1.e irnmea.iate cost-of-living i:rn.ge incr e;ase already reported of a halfpenny an hour for all sections of building trade oyeratives in Nor-thern Ireland. There will also be an allowance of a. penny .an hQur.. fo:r> Hr.eight money"· f"or men working on silos forty feet above ground. The q_uestions of holidaya with pay and "wet tim.e" are to be c-onsidered if. and. when an agreement is r e ached upon them i.n. GPeat Bri.taino ------000------ Emuire Affairs. ---=--~--~--~­ 'J:'he Board of Tr~:de llave made an Order add:Lng tin to require licences for expert to ar~r dec;tt;·wtion. 'i'i1.e Bot::crcl of 'l'rs.de , 5th February, 1940 . 5.2.40/No.ll. P. N. 1616. PRESS No·rICE. The Postmaster General regrets to announce that certain mails for Denmark have been lost at sea o'Wing to the sinking of the s.s. "Vidar". The Mails concerned included some of the letters and parcels posted in London and the Provinces on the 22nd and 23rd January. General Post Office. 5th February, 1940. PRESS NO];.JCE ' .. Lieutenant Commander ~-r. v. Smith R.. N. (Retd. ) has been a"\·7arded a Greenwich Hospital Pension of 240 a year in the vacancy caused by the death of Lieutenant Comrnanc1er R.· N. Saxon~ R.·N. · (Retd. ) on the 11th J-anuary, 1940. ADHI RJ-~J-ix_. ++++++++++++++++ 5/2/40. Mp.. 1 3 .. PRESS NOTICE. A Conference will be held to...morrow~ Tuesday, February 6th.. ~ by Sir Kenneth Lee, D!rector-General of the Ministry of Information, in the M~in Conference Hall, Senate House, Malet Street, a.t 12.30 P~.m., to inaugurate the nation-wide Anti-gossip Campaign~. The posters which will be used in this campaign have already been plac.ed on exhibition._ Editors and representatives are requested not to make any reference to these posters until after the conference~ MINISTRY OF INFORMATION. :, ,'•, -~---000---...... 5/2/40 No 14. INDIA.N JUDGESHIP Not for publication or broadcast before the morning of Tuesday, 6th February, 1940• (Simultaneous publication in India has been arranged) The King has been pleased to approve the appointment of Mr. Charu Chandra Biswas, C.I.E., to be a Puisne Judge of the High Court of Judicature at Calcutta in the vacancy caused by the retirement of Mro Justice M. c. Ghosh. INDIA OFFICEo Not for• ·oublicntion or bro:::i.c1_cast before ---·· ~~-----·-···· ·· -·-··-··---.-··-" ' . ···-· ·--­ thE?.._m9_r:n_~p.s_,2_LJ~u.e_§_~.a.y__ ~l1~ 6th_Eeb~py,~1:9..s. (Gimultaneous lJUblication in I nr1.i:::i. has been arPan~ec1) . The question of the :r~cruit r:1ent of Inc1.ians to the I.C.8. in India. anCl. in :Gn,:;lan0. c1.urin3 t ;:ie period of the war has been under consirJerz,tion of the Secretary of State for Ino.i a . It is announced for general information that the Secretar~r of State :foI' Inc'!.ia has now decided th:::tt no competitive examination Yvill 1Je held in the United :an.zdom this year in view of the difficulties arising from war conC:itions. In order to satisfy the expectations of a certain number of InC.ians who h::tve been studying at British Universities Fi th the special object of entering the r.o.s. throu0h the London examination, he has however decided to offer not more than six vacancies in 1940 to be fille cl. on the recommenoa tion of a Selection Board set up in the Uni tee. Ianzi~om. .Canc:.i o.ates for these vacancies must be in possession of a Gooo. ::onours c1.egree of an ap1Jrova.d University ih the 3r.i tish Isles. -----oOo----­ INDL\__Q.FF I CE• · §L?i.1.0-No. 16. The Board of Trade have issued a General Licence to the London Chamb~r of Commerce to pay freight, Rhere this has not already been paid, and other necessary chari;es to or· for the benefit of any enemy on behaif of the mNner of any cargo in a ship lying at a })Ort in TION OF THE PRESS. Colonel H.B. Spens 2 D.s.o., T.D., D.L. is a Solicitor of the firm of Messrs, Maclay, Murray and Spens of Glasgow. ~r. P.J. Agnew, J.P. is a member of the Central Board of the Co-operative Union and Chairman of the Scottish Section of that Union. Mr. James Barr, F.S.!.l.. is a partner in the firm of Messrs. James Barr and Son, Chartered Surveyors of Glasgow, Mr. Francis Beattie, D.L., J.P. is Chairman of Beatties Bakeries, LiQited, and other Scottish companies. -1­ y Mr. E.R• .£9yd, 1.C._l~.:.·is a Dil'ector of the firm ,of Stewar·t & Macdonl:-1ld, Ltd. , Warehousemen of' Gleb rick Manufacturers of Bonnybr1dge. 5/2/40 -~ No.-21. ADMIRALTY COMMUNIQUE. The Secretary of the Admiralty regrets to announce that H.M.S. "SPHINX", minesweeper, Commander J.R.N. Taylor, R.N. foundered in heavy weather while being towed into port with her engines disabled. Very big seas were running when the tow parted and finally the ship capsized. H.M.S. "SPHINX" had been damaged by enemy air attacks on Saturday, 3rd February. The Commanding Officer and four ratings are known to have lost their lives, four officers and 45 ratings are missing and are feared to have been lost. Next of kin have been informed. The survivors consisting of two officers and 44 ratings have been landed. Admiralty, S. W.1o 5/2/L~O ... No .·22,. MINISTRY OF FOOD. ,i-\NNOUNCEMEN.T.9 Licegsing o~D~~lers in Eeeding-Stuffs. In pursuance of the plans for controlling the sale and distributio~ of feeding-stuffs, the Minister of Food has made the Feeding-stuffs (Licensing and Control) Order, 1940, which prohibi~s~ except under licence, the purchase or sale of feeding­stuffs in Great Britain after 29th February, 1940 by any dealer, i.e. any im~orted, manufacturer, wholesale dealer or dsitributing dealer. The Order does not apply to Northern Ireland. A General Licence has been issued under this Order covering any dealer whose total sales of feeding-stuffs in the datum year (1st July 1938 to 30th June 1939), did not exceed 500 tons; consequently such persons need take no action to secure a licence. Individual licences to trade are required by all dealers in feeding stuffs whose sales in the datum year exceeded 500 tons. It is the intention in general to issue licences to all established dealers. Any such dealer who wishes to continue to trade after 29th February 1940 should therefore complete an application form for a licence and forward it without delay to the Animal Feeding Stuffs Division, Ministry of Food, Great Westminster House, Horseferry Road, London, S. W.1. Application forms are being sent to all dealers and manufac­turers who have completed either :B'orm P. M. C. l. or form D.D. l. Any dealer or manufacturer whose sales were over 500 tons and who does not receive an application form before 9th February should immediate;I.y apply for one either to the above address or to any County or Port Area Feeding-Stuffs Committee. It should be noted that certain manufacturers who produce feeding-stuffs as by-products are not required to obtain licences ~or the sale of their by-products as such. This applies to flour millers in respect of the s ale of fine wheatfeed or bran; seed crushers in respect of the sale of single seed cakes and extracted meals.; sugar manufactu1'ers in respect of plain/ -2­ plain nnd molassed sugar beet pulp, treacle or molasses; and brewers, distillers, and ma:rtaters in respect of brewery and distillery grains, malt culms and yeastc If, however, any such manufacturer uses the by-products in the production of mixtures or compound feeding-stuffs he must obtain a licence to sell the mixtures or ~ompounds, if his sales exceeded 500 tons in the datum year~ Every other manufacturer of feeding-stuffs, including a manufacturer of fish meal, meat and bone meal or maize gluten feed, must obtain a licence to sell his products if his sales exceeded 500 tons in the datum year. Under the Order all licencees, whether general or individual, must keep accurate records of their dealings, with all necessary books, documents and accounts, must furnish the Minister of Food with such information and returns as he may reg_Hire and must permit any authnrised person to inS'pect their books and recordso Licences may by revoked at any time and are not transferable but where a business is transferred or the owner dies, and the transferee has applied for· a licence, he may continue to trade pending the Minister's decision on his a})plicationo Cases of doubt may arise wh~:ither a p~rson dealing in feeding­stuffs c~mes under the terms of the Order; the deciding factor is then whether he falls within the definition of importer, manufacturer, wholesale or distributing dealer in the Peeding-Stuffs (Maximum Prices) Order, 1940 (SoR. & 0~ 1940 No.11), but it may be stated that broadly these definitions cover any person (other than a grower or r~~sumer) who buys or sells feeding stuffs as a principaL Any cases of doubt should be referred to the Ministry of Foodo Similarly any person who has recently commenced trading in feeding-stuffs should apply to the Ministry of Food for guidanceo The ~rreasury have maa.e OJ:clcr~ 1;..nd.:-.;:r 8'..;ct.ior~ l '°J( 3) Of' thG J:1 11··r1'-' "'("''·" f' -. ·t 1 9GP, ac r·r'"' '·"'"l(~A·;)7 o .-, -, -'-·i ''r .)( ., \ ,.., ..f' '1 •. --·C·. ;..L · \...J ·J. I.,.; S /....J · ~ ~' c 0 CJ.. LL~ I. • •• _, U... ~ ~I \...) ""' \...: l....:... -.....,, . •. I._ \ ..._ I \..). , th f' T v,1,··,,, p·;-, TJ1' t 1· ' s ( i1'.r:·,,-, .,,... ,. o.n··'Y· D r:1vc c . " ,., CO! \ j\ ( .' ;, l C· '.'. :) .. .,. ..L J· .r:-'"-·-""' -~·· . • \..., \.-·-·•"-'J· _..,. l _,.. _,_,.,, , ~ ._v_ . u..L v1-.,_,j ~. ... 1.) . . .:J L I._..; 1 c~x\:~~T~)i.tri.~{ c.!e r ·C.a2I) ct~tic::.. eB ~r::.,o!i1 F~ey =~r_cl.JDt.·_ey· DL-;.t~,... ~·rorr ?tu .?::·:.1-;: ·..:a..:y , lS·10~ .XL::.: anlli:1e anJ. i::,~:d:;1.1al:Lc an1"\~rC:~pj_r:l.e urti..1 ;)0th JUJY~ , 1 9!..t(; s ,.:md certa1.n J·no·caJ l:i.c r1:::::::JO.u32 y contai.:rii~g sod:'..um molybd..a t e and/or sodium vanacJ.atc:~} u:ctil 31st December, 1940~ Copies of the Tre~sury Orders, which 2re entitled "The 81d'egus.ra..:..~1g o:' Inrlm:>tries ( J~xcm_ption) (Nos. l, 2 and 3) Orders, 1940 ,)' may be obtuined from H. M. St::1tionery Or'fice. I . B::>ard of Tr>ade, 5th February, 1940. ~L~O ____I_\fo_,,_2_...4. It is announced by the Colonial Office that the King has been pleased to approve the appointment of Mr. J. H. Jarrett, Colonial Secretary, Bahamas 9 to be Chief Justice of the Windvrard Islands and Leevvard Islands under the scheme for the amalgamation of the judicatures of those Islands which has recently been brought into effect. Er.iPIRE AFFAIRS. +++++++++++ AIR MINISTRY BU~LE~IIT j/2/40~ -Noa 25. (Not to be quoted as an Air Ministry Announcement). WORK OF THE R"A.F. CHAPJ_,AINS IN FRANCE • .... -·-----------I During the lo:nr~ period of semi-inactivity on the Western Front the Chaplains= Branch of the Royal Air Force has been har.ct at work~ Services have been held every Sunday among the wings and squadrons of the Royal Air Force in :B1rance, at Air Stores Parks and for signallers, sappe1·;_; and labour companies. The first service was conducted for the first sea-party to land on French soil, on the quay-side at a wellknown French port at 9 a~m,, on Sunday 9 Septembep 2nd, In the presence of some hundreds of airmen and officers we solemnly committed ou~selves to God and dedicated ourselves to the service of our King and country. Since then9 a number of chaplains have been sent out and the whole area covered by the Air Force has been divided into geographical sections. The problems of this war are ~uite different from those of the lastJ The modern po1icy of the dispersal of personnel means that there are dozens of little units scatterec1 about the country-side-, All of these have to receive their weekly ministration,, The only way to work the Chaplains' Branch is to give each padre an area rather than a Unit to look after. This haf-; now been done , From the Maginot Line to Paris each padre has his own po.rish, composed of o. number of small units of both R.A o Fo and Armyo He is :i~osponsible not only for Sunday and week-day services, confirmation classes, etce but also for the Command Library Scheme anu the distribution of comforts to the troops. In many co.ses, he is the Entertairunents liaison officer, the link between :J;.,N.SoA::i. nd the Service" He is faced: 0 with the problem of finding recreation for the men o.t night, so that they need not wander about the streets of the small town.s. The padre's parish is often a far-f]''..thg one; without a car he would be immobile, and to a large extent useless. The Air Ministry has supplied each cha.plain wit D a light car, so that the padre can go from billet to billet, keeping in touch with the needs of the men. An Air Commodore remarked when these cars were first issued: 11They should have 1 Stop me :ind buy one 1 painted on their panels". Today the whole nrca of the Air Force is well staffed with R.A?F~ cha.plains 9 and in addition, there are a number of Army chaplains who have been generous::!.'; su:nplied for the ''pool"by the Chap).,3.in-GenoralQ Every unit k:Y.lows vv:iere cmd how to find its area padre in any case of serious i11ness or other emergency. What our French friends call \jun coup d.o telephone11 brings him at once. Sunday is of course the busy &~y and four or five services in different parts of the parish are the normal proQOclu~e. There is perhaps an early celebratton o. t ho. lf-past seven in the Protestant church of the principo.l town. Then out into the country for a shortened form of morning prayer followed by Holy Comnrunion. Last Sunday I carried out such a J?rogramme. The roads were snmv-covered and icy, but I v.ras lucky in having only about eight miles to go for the 9. 30 service., It rrns held in 11 an u;;mer room" over a little "bistro" or public house., There was a formidable array of forms for the boys to sit ono The stove, after a few feeble efforts had gone outn (T0mperature: several degrees belowJ )• I unpacked my bag and spread the blue altar frontal over a little table 9 foll.ovred by a white cloth.., A plain oak cross gave the room some semblance of a little church., Some 20 N~C.01 s and ~en and one officGr gathered to this voluntary service, I slip1Jed into the bedroor.1 of an No Co Oo to robe, and on my return 9 found an airman!s coat folded up on the floor for me to kneel ono We had no musical instrux11cmt, but all sang well-known h;yunns with real enthusj. a8ri1 a.nd cadence., If our dcca~r of church-going is as great as some people would have us bcliuve 7 I al1rvays wonder where the men have learned the vrn!'ds and music of so :.·1any of our old hymns, The Veni te and BenGdictus 1:rnre said9 and whc;n the time came for the sermon t~clG men seemed interestcC. and attentiveo I gave them a very simple informal ta·:.k that morning on the reasons why we gathered together for ·worshi.p Sunday oy Sunday, speaking for about twn minutes., Th8n another hymn and the National Anthem and the blessing. They eagerly acceptGd the Air Force Gospels sent out by the Scripture Gift Lission9 and the service was overu I walked back to the Officers ' Me ss with the C~Oo He was a Unitarian and was rather apologetic about attending the service. He suggested t hat he might :"eali.y ~'JG more religious than many professing Christians, and snid that he had appreciated the service and would be glad to attend. a:r:.other one whenever a padre was able to come. HG took an Air Force Go~pel of St. John and promised to read i to And so after o. good cup of hot tea I took my way out on to the snowy road to another similar destinationo '11his goes on a:.i l over the Air Force., Most units have a service at least once a fortnight and many of them every Sunday~ AIR MINISTRY,, +++++++++++++++· 5/2/40 -No.26. Hu.Lt b blished in this country or in any other country before the mornin.o: G. M. T. of 6th February and not to be brondcast before n.m. G.Ll.T. on the 6th Fe1Jruo.ry. The King has been 9lensed to ap~rove the further extension for a ~eriod of two years from the 5th August, 1940~ -Of the term of office of Sir Ernest Clark, K.C •. B., K.C.M.G., C".B.E., as Governor of Tasmania •. DOMINIONS OFFICE. Sir Ernest Clark was first appointed Governor of Tasmania in August, 1933. His term of office was extended for o. 9eriod of tYto years in 1938, 2/2/40 -No. 27. I. C. S • . :=:::1;TRI BS. The India Office makes the following addition to issue No.15 of today's date:­ As regards recruitment in India, a competitive examination will be held as usual in Delhi in 1941. The question of recruitment in later years will be considered in due course and a further announcement made latero IlIDI A_ OFFICE. 5:/2/40. -No.28. NOT TO BE PUBLISHED BEFORE THJJ; MORNING PAP:CRS OR BROADCAST BEFORE 7 A.M. ON TUESDAYi 6th FEBRUARY, 1940 IN ALL COUNTRim TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE EYA'.JT Tn;RMS IN rlHICH IT IS GIVJJ:N. The King has been gruciousiy pleased to approve the appointment of Mr~ Laurence Collier, C.M.G., a Counsellor in the Foreign Office~ to be His Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and I.!linister Plenipotentiary at Oslo in succession to Sir c. Dormer 9 K .•C.M.G., M.v.o., who vvill be vacating his post in the spring. -----000----­ ]:ROM FOREIGN OFFICE NEWS DEPARTMENT 5L2/40. -No. 29. The fifth Meeting o'£ the Supreme War Counoil was held in Paris today. The Council assembled in the mo~ning, and a further meeting took place later in the day. France was represented by M. Daladier, M. Campinchi, M. Guy La. Ohambre, M. Champetier de Ribes, who were accompanied by M. Alexis Leger, General Gamelin 9 Admiral Darlan, General Vuillemin a.nd General Decamp. Great Britain was represented by Mr. Chamberlain, Viscount Halifax, Mr. 17inston Churchill, Mr. Oliver Stanley, Sir Kingsley Wood, who were a.ocompanied by Sir Ronald Campbell, Sir Alexander Cadogan, Sir Dudley Pound, Sir Edmund Ironside, Air-Marshal Peirse and Major General Ismay. The British delega.tes were welcomed. by M. Daladier who said that he regretted that, owing to his recent accident, it had been im~ossible for him to travel to England for a Meeting of the Council in that country. Mr. Chamberlain expressed the sympathy of the British representatives ·-Iith M. Daladier, and their pleasure that he was making so good a recove!'Y'. The Supreme War Council examined -qno.er every aspect the various ractors of the present situation as 1~ aff'ects the general conduct of the war. Various questions were given particular consideration, in the spirit of close co-operation which inspires the action of the two Governments, with the object of ensuring still greater efficacy in the realm of Franco-British collaboration. Questions of supply were given special attention. Complete ~~reement v~s reached on all the ~oints examined. " 5/2/40• .;.. No, 30. ~OH OFFICIAL COMMUNIQUE (EVENING) The following official communique was issue~ this evening from French G.H.Q:­ NOTHING TO REPORT ---000--­ .,...5/_2_._/_.4_0__ro~ 31, NOT TO BE BROADCAST OR PUBLISHED ON CLUB TAPES BEFORE 8 a.mo ON TUESDAY, 6th FEBRUARY, AND NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE NEWSPAPER PRESS BEFORL TUESDAY MORNING. PRESS NOTICE The Home Secretary has decided that in the cases of Peter Barnes and James Richards who are under sentence of death he would not be justified in recommending any interference with the due course of lawo HOLIE OFB'ICE. 5/2/40 No. 32. Note to Editors In Issue No. 25 of today's date, dealing with the 11 Work of the R.A.F. Chaplains in France", the Air Ministry asks for the following correction:­ Please delete second paragraph, "The first service••• , .••••• and country". Next paragraph, delete 11 Since then, 11 .and conunence, ti A number••·• ••• t1 AIR MI~ISTRY,· WHITEHALL, s. w.1. +++++++++++++++++++ .. .. .. Weekly 1~0.::5. NOT TO BE PUBLI3HED BEFORE THE MORNING l\TE \VSPAPER§ OF FRIDAY, 9TH FEBRUARY, 1940. AIR MINISTRj( WEEKLY NEWS LET'i.1ER . . Note: The information contained in this News Letter may be used by the Press ·without acknowledgment. If it is desired to refer to the Air Ministry as the source of the inf'orination, the exoression 11 The Air Miniptr;y: A.nnounces: -11 is NOT to be used. C 0 N T E N T S. HER MAJE8'I1Y THE QUEEN 1 8 GIFT HO·v THE BRITISH ·IELLINGil'ON BOEBER GOl' ITS N_L\.ME BOMBING IN 'I'HE LAST WAR. THE 'VAR IN THE AIR. FI'l1NESS FOR AIR~flEN .... NEN CORPd OF EXPERTS RAID ON A BIOYCtE. EN1rERTA.IN~RS ;JMILING 'rHROUGH . SECURITY POSTERS. LANGUAGE PITFALLS IN FRANCE Press & Publicity Branch, Air Ministry9 King Charles Street9 '.,fhi tehaJ.l 9 s .\l. l. ~th February9 1940 " _,,, HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN1 S GIFT TO ROYAL AIR FORCE COMFORTS FUND. A parcel of nearly a hundred 11 woollies11 was recently received at the Headciuartcrs of the Royal Air Force Comforts Cornmittoe at Ber•keley Square HouseI London, with a s:ilnple note "From H.M. The Queen". The garments were knitted by the working party at Duckingham Palace, in which Her Majesty often takes part. They mnde a timely contribution to the 100,000 woollen garments urgently wanted for the men of the Air Force at Home and in Franco. Included in the total were 9 scarves; 24 Balaclava helmets; 3 pullovers; 20 pairs of socks, a dozen pairs of mittens and one pair of woollen cuffs. All were faultlessly knitted in the correct shade of Air Force blue. Together with a number of other items; Her Majesty's gifts wore sent out to France tho next morning by air. HO'iv THL BRITISH WELLINGTON BOMBER GOT ITS NAME~ ,. . --­ Nazi broadcasters have recently shown an interest in the choice of the name 11\v'ellington11 for what has been described as 11tho world's finest bomber!" T1i.is interest is undcrstandaole, ainco British Vickers-Wellingtons have been frequent visitors to Germany. It was formations of Vvellington bombers vvhich engaged su:pcrior numbers of !,~csscrschrnitt fighters over the Holigoland Bight on December 18th and January 2nd, o.nd shot down at least /f'iftocn fifteen of thorn. The initial letter "V11 was formerly ado:;)tod for Vickers built aircraft. --It was borne by a long line of famous aircraft, one olfi'. tho most notable being the tr"oop carrier "Victoria". Vickers-Victoria aircraft carried out the evacuation of women and children of a dozen different nationalities from Kabul in 1929 ­a f'eat unparalleled in tho history of' air transport., nwu was the next initial lotter allotted for Vickers bomber typos and it was a condition that each name should hove an historical association. Tho first of' these was 11Yfollosley", given to a single-motor aircr2ft of' geodetic construction, which won for B~itain the world's long distance record of' 7,162 miles non-stop. The choice of tho illustrious name 11Wellington11 was almost inevitable for its successor, a two-motor monoplane bomDer also built on geodetic principles. Features of' the 11Wellington11 a:t>c high'.J.l1pood:, long :t>angc and good manoeuvrability, combined with a larGe carrying capacity. Although essentially a bomber, its armament makes it a f'orrnidablo f :i.~.td~:i.:.~-: ma~hine, Fitted with two Bristol "Pegasus" engines, the top speed is 265 m.p,h., or about 4-! miles a minute. Later Wellingtons have a still higher speed, Maximum range is 3 1200 miles. This is noarly four times tho distance from the British coast to Borlin or about tho distance from London to Ankara. /Much Much of the success of the "Wellington" is due to tho unique Wallis geodetic system of construction exclusively used in British aircre.ft. It was mvelopod by Mr. B.,N. Wallis, fonncrly an airship designer. In this system the bracing members are placed in tho sur:race of the body along the lines followed by the principal forces sot up in flight. These lines follow the shortest path from point to point on tho curved surface and conform with tho definition of a geodetic line. Tho result is a structure resembling basket work, the geodetic numbers spiralling from end to end. Both wings and fuselage are rendered extremely light yet exceptionally stiff. · The British Wellington consequently can take a bomb load further, faster and higher than any enemy aircraft employing a &ifferent type of construction. It is the appropriate answer to the German Squadron Leader who recently said "We have lots of things in store for us, haven't we?" BOMBING IN THE LAST WAR• .An aeroplane which in tho last war seriously hampered the enemy is to bo seen toda~r in a British aircraft f actory. It nov stands tucked away under tho wing of a modern bomber of the typo that flies almost nightly, over Germany. This antique aircraft, frail-looking by modern standards, was, in its heyday, the pride of the Royal Flying Co~ps. It was lcnown as s.E.5.A and was built as a fighter. It occasionally /carried carried small bombs. It had no special bomb apparatus, for bombing from tho • air,. except from Zeppelins, was still in its infancya The bomb WRS thrown overboard, and tho pilot; tho sole occupant, hoped that his aim was as good as when he ~layod cricket for tho school In its way, this Lilliputian aircraft was highly effective... Tho modern l argo bomber and the small fighter-bomber of tho last war differ in size as much as Stephenson's "Rocket" and tho latest type of railway engine. But whereas the railway engine h::'8 taken about eighty years to grow up, the bomber has achieved m~turity -if, indeed, its present stage of development can be so t.c:;-:mod -in almost a quarter of that time. This famous 11 old-timer11 , with its flax-covered wings tho covering has almost completely gone, leaving the bare skeleton visible -its one scat and one small 200 h.p. engine, looks more like the young son than the ugod father of tho huge two~notor all metal bomber of 21 000 h.p. which appears to be giving it protection.. THE VIAR IN THE AIR. The outstanding feature in the war in tho air during tho past week has been tho fact that tho enemy must .have been much surprised by the war'ln reception their marauding bombers received du:;:ing their renewed and ruthlessly conceived attacks on shipping. No doubt comforted by tho fact that tho coldest weather Europe had experienced for forty-six years might partially /incapacitate incapacitate the Royal Air Force, tho Gorman High Commancr decided to launch their most "ambitiousn series of raids on helpless shipping. This comfort, however, turned out to b o a somewhat ex1Jensive delusion. The Royal Air Force was up and doing with its usual wariness and en garde activity. On ono day German aircraft distributed their attacks 0'1ei--400 miles of coast -from the mouth of the Tay in the north, to tho Kcntish coast in the south. In every case our defensive measures were put into 01Jeration, . and our fighter aircraft not only kept tho · onomy aircraft at bay, but drove them off. On tho following day enemy raiders widened still further tho area of their activity, covering some 500 miles of coastline. In the north a Hoinkcl caught in an attempt to destroy a helpless fishing boat, was shot down into tho sea, while a second, surprised when endeavouring to attack a merchantman, was clrivcn off with its roar gun s ilcnccd• ....... ..... An interesting report that has appeared in tho Press alleges that in at least one instance an onomy aircraft dropped stool darts when attacking a ship at sea. Tho use of darts is not new in aerial warfare. /In In the early days of the last war they were drppped from aircraft in France and it is said that the darts were capable of piercing a shrapnel helmet. As an offensive weapon, however, steel darts are not as foar~ul as they might seem, since accuracy of aim in using them is not practical with any degree of efficiency. ''FITNESS11 FOR AIRMEN -NEW CORPS OF EXPERTS• The Royal Air Force has solved one of its biggest problems -how to provide enough sport and recreation for the • personnel of tho defence squadrons which day and night guard Britain against air attack. Fighter and Balloon Squadrons arc always on duty. Wartime demands seldom allow tho defence personnel to go far f'rom their posts. E.:wen when no raiders arc a-bout, n off-duty" spells ·~ ,. arc necessarily limited, and it is always difficult to release officers or N.,C.O's from their ordinary dutios .. -:::o organise sporting o.ctivities. Now there is to be a corps of exports specially enrolled to look after the fitness and welfare of tho Air Force. Many of these arc likely to be sports coaches from famous schools and clubs. Arrangements will be made to devise recreation and sport which will not conflict with 11 black-out11 requirements. Equipment for sports and games will be provided. /RAID a. RAID ON A BICYCLE. A British aircraft, da.~aged in an air"battle over Gorrnany, landed at the first available aerodrome on its roturn to the English coast. The aerodrome chosen was in course of constructiono The only person visible was an errand boy with a bicycle. One of tho c rcw juml;Gd out of the aircra!f't as soon as it had landed and commandeered tho ladfs bicycle. "I thought I hoard him protest as I hurried off to tho nearest telephone, more than a mile away", said tho airman after­wards. "I was not s urprisecl. On his carrier he had a heap of cakes and tarts. On the handle-bar was hung a two-gallon can of milk. I got my strange cargo safely to tho telephone and notified Hoadc:;.uartors of ou:."' return. 11 Tho errand boy was soon consoled by tho return of his bicycle with all tho tarts intact~ ENTERTAINERS SMILING THROUGH., Although the entertainers with the R.A .. F.; in Franco are fr.wing weather such as they have never knmvn, and moving around the country with t!Jo tlv l"IQpmeter well below zero, they arc making their appearance on the stage with their usual infectious smiles. They got a tremendous reception from the boys, who know just what they are experiencing. /Colds Colds are hard to escape, and throat~ may become hoarso; t hoy arc porf'orrning to a p2ckcd house in a litt2.c c:ant.c cn thnt hol(l3 no more than 150:» or' in th•,:; big tl1.aat:r<.os., 1vi th a very well-bal anced comixu1y , vn:w loud in p::cai ::;c o:L' the vray ho :i ~d been rccoived, <.?nd of t ho S:QL•it of hi s troU})e. desor·vod it. Ono company .Ln the middle of its tour· hc.o. seven members l ai d 1.ip vrit~h colds and they \Hore not rc)laccaolc -by D"tlh.' r mcm';)crs, since they wore all part of Billy Cotton's band~ Tho R.A.F. boys wore disappointed; but n0t nearly so disappointed as t ho art istes; .YJho had boon l ooking fo101-. 10.r-d quite as eagerly to tho rest of their· tour c1.s anyone else. Security Posters which are boldly displ ayed :Ln cafos and other :public places in tho British Air 1-'orcos zone :Ln ?r anee ar c increasing in variety and succinctncssc Most of tho early examples followed tho lines of the old favourite of 1914-1918:­A wise old owl lived in an oak, The more he saw the loss he spoke, Tho less he spoke the more ho heard, Soldiers should imitate this v1isc old bird~ /Moroe 10. More readable, and just as effective, :possibly, is tho brief: TITTLE TATTLE LOST THE BAT~1LE. Composing frivolous 2c .u:r-:i.G~1' posters has become a favourite ru~usomcnt with some Royal Air Force Officers~ One rec ordod in a cafe during the vrnck is unlikely to be adopted by the Intolligonco Branch, It ran: WHY NOT BE AS DUMB AS YOU LOOK? LANGUAGE PXTFALLS IN FP..A..~CE. . 'Nhile the men of the British Air Forces in F.rance arc making progress with tho French tongue, the French civilian i'"l also doing his bit to smoothc out any language difficulty that may be hampering the Entente Cordialoo A school child passing an R.A.Fo man in the street calls a cheerful 11 Good morning, sir11 , "Good.night sirn, or sometimes oven 11 Goodbyo. , si·r".. The children arc proud of their growing stock of phrases. Each language, of course, has its :pitfalls, and neither side succeeds in avoiding all of' themo For example, one local French paper translated the "Black Watch" into "Montrc Noir" 1 and a montro is not tho kind of watch t~at wears trews~ Tho palm, however, goos to a Royal Air Force officer who wus passing through a district where the blue uniform was not a fnrniliar spectacle. A curious French civilian asked him why ho /and ;::,nd his companions did not wear khaki likG the othc:es. Ho cx1;:!.s.incd in almost :perfect Fx1 cnch that tho people in ld1aki were .3'J.LG.ic::'s, e-n.i those in blue 11volours11 -literally "thieves". Such shocks v.fill probably continue until tho ?ranch invent 1:"'.nothcr verb in I)lc'cco of :rvoler 11, to fly, or 'ivolcr'n to st oal. 5/2/40 -No•34. MINISTRY OF FOOD ANNOUNCEMENT. CONTROL OF' MEAT AND LIVE STOCK. Consequent on the resignation of Sir J?rancis T. Boyes, K~B~E., as Director of Meat and Livestock, the Minister of Food announces the following appo i ntments: ­ Mr~ H•S;E. Turner, Director of Livestock and Home­ produced meat~ Mr;, R.S. Forsyth, C.M.G., Director of Imported Meat. Mr. Harold Jones, Deputy-Director of Imported Meat. Mr. H.S.E. Turner was previously Deputy-Director of Livestock and Home-produced .Meat and was at one time a member of the home Civil Service• He served as Deputy-Director and later as a Directo~ in the former Ministry of Food during the Great War. Subsequently he left the Civil Service, went into business as manager of the New Zealand Refrigerator Co~ Ltd., and for seventeen years was responsible for the operations of six meat works throughout the Dominion. At the outbreak of war Mr. Turner, in accordance with pre-arranged plans, returned to London in order to become Deputy-Director in the Meat and Livestock Branch of the Ministry of Food. Mr~ R~S.; Forsyth, C~M~G., formerly Deputy-Director of Imported Meat has been appointed Director of Imported Meat, and Mr• Harold Jones, who was Assistant-Director, now becomes Deputy­Director of Imported Meat. Mr. Forsyth was previously London manager of the New Zealand Meat Producers' Board• Mr~ Jones was a Director of w. Weddel and Co. Ltd., meat and produce importers, but since the war has ceased to take any active part in the conduct of that business. Other members of the professional trade and technica l staff of the Meat and Livestock Branch are as follows: ­ Mr. A.G. Short, Director of Manufactured .Meats. Major W.H. Warman,Chief Livestock Inspector. Mr. C. Osenton, Chief Livestock Supervisor~ Mr. A.W. Anderson,Chief Slaughterhouse Supervisor for England and V!ales~ Mr. A.F. Smith~ Chief Slaughterhouse Supervisor for Scotland. Mr. H• Wood, ~holesale .Meat Trade Supervisor for E;.1gl1:1.nd and Wales~ Mr• W.R. Huntor, ifVholesa·1·E:r'Mcat··rrrnde 811.perv:teoi:-for • S~o~·land. .. h~r• H. Wright, ·· 10hi0f Meat 'Agent for .E.L.1.5.i.,:.,nd and:;_Wale·~'i tir. DiM1 Brown, Chief Meat Agent for S'c6tlb.nd. Mr. A.I• Ec:..stwood 9London Wholesal e Meat Trade Supervisor.Mr. E.J~ Booth1 Chief Meat and Live~tock.Forwarding • Officer. ··· · ·:~l Mr. v. Crump, Chief Pol"t Mont Agent. Dr. L.B.!~. Grnce, Technico.l 1'.dviscr on Hc:\alth .Ins'pection of Meat!'"-·" ·· i • Mr. J.G. Sutherland,Head of Hide and. Skins Section. ~~· R.W.. Austin, Head of Animal By-products Section. MINISTRY OF JOOD.