'IrIHIIE WNIIWJE ~§II'l:rV (Q)IF 'JTIE~.£.Q JFW~JI'1':&'II'lICO>N NUMBER 5415 AUGUST 1, 1954 CONSTITUTION AND RULES OF THE University Interscholastic League BUREAU OF PUBLIC SCHOOL SERVICE DIVISION OF EXTENSION THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS: AUSTIN The University of Texas Publication PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE L. U. HANKE A.MOFFIT J. R. D. EDDY E. C. MossNER J. T. LONSDALE B. E. SHORT C. T. McCORMICK J.R.STOCKTON H. Y.McCowN F. H. WARDLAW ADMINISTRATIVE PUBLICATIONS H.Y.McCowN C.H. EADS R. c. ANDERSON B. GONZALES, JR. L. L. CLICK B. E. SHORT J. R. STOCKTON The University publishes bulletins twice a month, so numbered that the first two digits of the number show the year of issue and the last two the position in the yearly series. (For example, No. 5401 is the first publication of the year 1954.) These bulletins comprise the official publications of the University, publications on humanistic and scientific subjects, and bulletins issued from time to time by various divisions of the University. The following bureaus and divisions dis· tribute publications issued by them; communications concerning pub­lications in these fields should be addressed to The University of Texas, Austin, Texas, care of the bureau or division issuing the publication: Bureau of Business Research, Bureau of Economic Geology, Bureau of Engineering Research, Research Laboratory in Ceramics, Bureau of Industrial Chemistry, Bureau of Public School Service, and Division of Extension. Communications concerning all other publications of the University should be addressed to University Publications, The Uni­versity of Texas, Austin. Additional copies of this publication may be procured from the Bureau of Public School Service, The University of Texas Austin 12, Texas 25 Cents Per Copy CONSTITUTION AND RULES OF THE University Interscholastic League BUREAU OF PUBLIC SCHOOL SERVICE DIVISION OF EXTENSION THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS: AUSTIN The benefits of education and of useful knowl­edge, generally diffused through a community, are essential to the preservation of a free gov­ernment SAM HOUSTON Cultivated mind is the guardian genius of Democ­racy, and while guided and controlled by virtue, the noblest attribute of man. It is the only dictator that freemen acknowledge, and the only security which freemen desire. MIRABEAU B. LAMAR PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY TWICE A MONTH. ENTERED AS SECOND­ CLASS MATTER ON MARCH 12, 19I3, AT THE POST OFFICE AT AUSTIN, TEXAS, UNDER THE ACT OF AUGUST 24, 1912 Table of Contents PAGE CALENDAR ..... ----------···---------------------------------------------------------···················---------···············-···· 4 INTRODUCTION ---················-·····-·····-··-····-····--····-···--·······························-----------····--········-· 5 CHANGES EFFECTIVE 1954-55 ........................ -------· -···-·--····-···-·····-·····-·················-·· 8 CONSTITUTION Fees ·-----------------------·-·············-·····-·-···-·················-···························--------···--······--············ 10 Officers ......... .. .... ... ..... ........... .... ... ..... ............................................................................... 10 Contests .............................. ... ....................... ................................................................... 12 Definitions ...... ................................................................................................................. 13 Eligibility ............................----··--····----··· ......................................................................... 16 Expenses and Rebates .................................................................................................... 23 Disputes ········---···--·····---····--········--·-··----···········-········----··--······················--···-···················· 24 Penalties ................... ....................................................................................................... 25 Annual Meeting .............................................................................................................. 26 Amendments . .................................................................................................................. 26 Award Rule ......... .............. ... ........ .... ... .................................................... .. 26 SPRING MEET PLAN .............. ___ _ . . . ........... ------------------·------------·······-··-· 28 RULES IN LITERARY CONTESTS Debate ............................................................. ........................................... .................... 37 Declamation .................................................................................................................... 39 Poetry Reading .......................................... ................................................................... 46 Extemporaneous Speech .............................................................................................. 49 One-Act Play .................................................................................................................. 53 Story-Telling ..... .............................................................................................................. 60 Picture Memory . ................. ............................................ ..................... 61 Journalism ........................................................................................................................ 63 Ready Writing ....... ················································-·························-·-----·-----------------------67 Spelling and Plain Writing ......... ................ ............................................................... 70 Number Sense ................................... ............................................................. 73 Slide Rule ................................ ....................................................................................... 75 Typewriting ............................................. .............................................................. 83 Shorthand .. ......... ... .... ..... ........ ......... ..... .. ... ... .... .............................................................. 86 RULES FOR MUSIC COMPETITION General Regulations .......................... ........................................................... 91 Solos --------------------------------··-··-------------······-·--------·-------------97 Ensembles ...... ........ ......................................................................................................... 100 Organizations .................................................................................................................. 102 Special Contests ............................... ....................................................................... 105 District Solo Auditions .............................................. 108 RULES IN ATHLETIC CONTESTS Athletic Benefit Plan ........... ......................................... 111 Football ......... .. ......... ... . ................ ....... ............. .......................... 112 Boys' Basketball ···-·····-····--··--····----····-··-·-·-······--·--........................................................ 124 Girls' Basketball ............................................................................................................ 131 Tennis .............................................................................................................................. 138 Volleyball ............................... ...................................................................................... 140 Junior Boys' Track and Field ..... .......................... .... ........... 140 Playground Baseball ................................................... .................................................. 141 High School Track and Field ............................. .................................................. 141 Baseball ..................................................... .......... ... ..... ....... ........ ..... ............................... .. 145 Golf -------------·--····----···--------------------------·············-···-----------· -------------·-······--·----··-···· ___________ 149 APPENDICES I. Prizes in Final Contests ........................................................................................ 151 II. Schedule-Making ·······---------······---········-····-···················--···-······-····---··-----······-··· 153 III. Price List of Bulletins ···-·-··----·········································--····-···-----···················· 156 IV. Scholarships ........................................................................................................... 162 V. Results---1954 State Meet··-········-·-···········-------------·------··--··-····------·-···-----······ 163 Interscholastic League Calendar 1954-1955 Aug. 23. First day for fall football practice, Conferences AA, A, B and Six-man. Aug. 27. First day for fall football practice, Conferences AAAA and AAA. Sept. 1. Fees for 1954-55 accepted-Constitution and Rules available. (NOTE: Keep your Membership Receipt. Each elementary school pays $1.00 fee.) Sept. 3. First day for playing football games, Conferences AA, A, B and Six-man. Sept. 10. First day for playing football games, Conferences AAAA and AAA. Sept. 15. Last day for filing acceptance of Football Plan. Sept. 18. Last day for meeting of District Football Committee. Oct. 15. Last day for filing acceptance of Boys' and Girls' Basketball Plans. Oct. 15. Last day for District Basketball organization. Nov. 4. District Spring Meet organization, by temporary chairman, both grade-and high-school districts. Nov. 20. Last day for certifying District Football Champions, Conferences AA, A and Six-man. Nov. 27. Last day for certifying District Football Champions, Conferences AAAA, AAA and B. Dec. 1. Last day for filing Music Acceptance cards. Dec. 3. Last day for filing entry in One-Act Play Contest. Jan. 15. Last day for filing entry in Journalism Contest as ILPC member. Jan. 15. Last day for paying League Membership Fee. Feb. 1. Last day for organizing District Spring Meets. Feb. 19. Last day for certifying Boys' District Basketball Champions, all conferences. Feb. 26. Boys' Regional Basketball playoffs, Conferences AA, A and B. Feb. 26. Boys' Bi-district Basketball playoffs, Conferences AAAA and AAA. Feb. 26. Last day for certifying Girls' District Basketball Champions, Conferences AA, A and B. Mar. 1. Last day for filing acceptance of Baseball Plan. Mar. 3--4-5. Boys' State Basketball Tournament. Mar. 5. Last day for Girls' Regional Basketball playoffs, Conferences AA, A and B. (NoTE: Conferences AA and A are merged at Region.) Mar. 4-5. First week-end for holding District Meets. Mar. 10-11-12. Girls' State Basketball Tournament. Mar. 15. Last day for organizing Baseball Districts. Mar. 26. Last week-end for holding A and B District Play Contests. April S-16, incl. Dates for holding A and B Area Play Contests. April 16. Last week-end for holding District Meets. April 16. Last week-end for holding AA District Play Contests. April 19. Last day for filing entries in the Regional Meet. April 23. Regional Meets. May 5--6-7. State Meet. May 16. Last day for certifying District Baseball Champions, all Conferences. May 25. Last day for determining Bi-district Baseball Champions, Conference AA. June 1-2-3 State Baseball Tournament, Conference AA. June 3. Last day for determining Regional Baseball Champions, Conference A. June 3. Last day for determining Bi-district Baseball Champions, Conference B. Introduction What is now known as The University Interscholastic League was first organized in December, 1910, at the State Teachers' Meeting at Abilene. Each year since then it has been organized by a bureau of the Extension Division of The University of Texas. For the first year the League's activities were confined to debates among the high schools affiliated with the Univer­sity. The following year contests in declamation were added and member­ship in the League was thrown open to all the public white schools of the State below college rank. Subsequently there were also added contests in various fields, suited to schools of different types, until the present schedule of contests was made up. The League is an "annual" rather than a "perennial," to use the words of botany. It is in the form of a service offered annually by the Bureau of Public School Service, and has a shifting membership from year to year. The mem­bership increased for twenty-nine years, growing from 28 schools in 1910 to more than 6,000 during peak years antecedent to the outbreak of World War IL The vast consolidation program has reduced the number of schools per­haps fifty per cent. During the 1953-54 school year 2,242 Schools registered for participation in League contests. This League covers a larger geographical area, serves more different types of public schools, schedules a greater variety of contests, holds larger meets and a larger number of meets, and enjoys a greater school-member­ship than any similar organization in the United States. Its purpose is to organize and direct, through the medium of properly supervised and con­trolled contests, desirable school activities, and thereby assist in preparing pupils for citizenship. Competitions organized in a sensible way and surrounded with proper controls, have demonstrated their usefulness so often and have furnished so much inspiration to talented pupils in Texas for so many years, that we feel that the League organization should have the active co-operation of every school executive and of every school teacher in Texas. Every public school in Texas, no matter how small, should become an active member ifit is at all accessible to interschool competition. Special attention is called to the following matters: 1. The rules published herein and citations to special circulars as well as notices in the "Official Notice" column of the Leaguer, are considered notice to all League members. Ignorance of the rules cannot he pied in extenua­tion of any violation of the same. Immediately after the closing date for payment of fees each year, there are usually a number of disappointed schools which have failed to make re­mittance within the time prescribed. They usually pl,ead lack of notice. How­ever, notice of the closing date ha.s been published now for many years, and no exceptions are made. It is best to see that membership is paid at the first of the school year, and if, after a reasonable time, you do not receive a mem­bership receipt, address an inquiry to the State Office about it. Also be careful to observe other dates listed in the League Calendar on the page fol­lowing the Table of Contents of this bulletin. 2. When a school joins the League it is understood that the terms and conditions of participation in the contests as set forth in this Constitution and Rules are to be accepted and observed. It is understood that when dis­putes arise, they shall he settled by the committees and in the manner pre· scribed herein. It is realized that this is a voluntary organization and all conditions surrounding participation as laid down herein are freely accepted and that both the letter and spirit of the rules are to be observed with genuine co-operation and goodwill. 3. It will he noted that the forepart of this bulletin, pp. 9 to 27, contains the Constitution and interpretations. Therein are to be found all the General rules governing participation, schedule of fees, disposition of fees, defi­nitions, eligibility rules, organization of the various meets, methods of set­tling disputes, and so on. The executive officers of the school should be thoroughly familiar with this portion of the bulletin. Rules governing special contests begin on page 28. These special rules should be studied with great attention by the directors of the respective events. For illustration, the teach­er who is assigned League spelling by her principal, should make a special study of the spelling rules, and in case there is any part of them that she does not understand, she should write to the State Office of the League for interpre­tations. Again, the dramatics director should study the one-act play contest rules, and the basketball coach the basketball rules, and so on. In short, each sponsor should be an authority on the rules of the contest which he under­takes. 4. This bulletin is issued in time for distribution to schools by the opening of the school session in September. It is the best notice that we can offer of changes in rules, and the only notice that we can give of the contests that are offered by the League. Attempts on the part of any executive committee to change the contests or rules nearly always result in serious dissatisfaction. 5. The "official interpretations" have been transferred from the appendix to the article and section of the Constitution and Rules to which they apply. Each "interpretation" has been placed in Italics under the rule in order to distinguish carefully between the original rule and the "official interpreta­tions" of the State Executive Committee. Under the various "Plans" of competition, the italicized sentences and paragraphs are provided for emphasis and do not represent interpretations by the State Executive Committee unless it is specifically so indicated. 6. It is a mistake to suppose that the League program offers an activity for every pupil in the school. No extracurricular activity does that. If a con­siderable group of pupils and sponsors are interested and put in honest work on an extracurricular activity that has sound educational substance in it, it is justified from an administrative point of view. With such a wide program as the League offers, however, a large percentage of pupils, especially those in the smaller schools, find something offered which they can do well or learn to do well, and hence enjoy doing under the conditions of friendly rivalry which the Interscholastic League provides. R. J. KIDD, Director, Bureau of Public School Service, Division of Extension. Important Changes Effective 1954-1955 All Official Interpretations, formerly appearing as Appendix III, have been transferred to the article and rule to which each applies. All interpreta­tions are printed in Italics in order to distinguish them from the rules. The "Spring Meet Plan of Competition" has been placed in a separate section. Poetry Reading has been added as a speech contest. Rule 1, Football Plan: Eligibility of schools to join the League football program. Rule 1, Boys' Basketball Plan: Eligibility of schools to join the League boys' basketball program. Rule 6, item e, Boys' Basketball Plan: Date for playing district boys' basket­ball games. Rule 1, Girls' Basketball Plan: Eligibility of schools to join the League girls' basketball program. Rule 11, Girls' Basketball Plan: Forfeiting district games to play non-district games. Track and Field for Junior Boys: Addition of 75-yard dash and 8-pound shot put. Constitution and Rules of The University Interscholastic League ARTICLE I Name This organization shall be known as The University Interscholastic League. It is organized annually under the auspices of the Bureau of Public School Service, Division of Extension, The University of Texas. ARTICLE II Object The object of this League is to foster among the public schools of Texas interschool competitions as an aid in the preparation for citizenship. ARTICLE III Membership SECTION 1. Any public white school in Texas that is below collegiate rank and that is under the jurisdiction of, and receives apportionment from, the State Department of Education is eligible to membership in this League; except schools for defectives and correctives. The application for membership in the League shall be authorized and approved by the school district trustees of the school unit making applica­tion. School membership is based on a school unit, or units contained in a single building. There is no membership covering more than one school building. In certain cases, how­ever (see Article VII, Section 2), there is more than one membership in a single building. Moreover, schools compete as a unit. No composite teams are permitted, for which see Article Vil, Sec. 8. SEC. 2. To become a member, a high school or elementary school shall pay a membership fee to The University Interscholastic League, University Station, Austin 12, Texas, prior to January 15 of the school year for which payment is made. The payment of the fee entitles the school to membership for the current school year only. Post-dated checks are not accepted for membership. The schedule of fees is based on a high school's assignment to Football and Basketball Conferences. Junior High Schools and Elementary Schools are required to pay a fixed fee. High Schools Conference AAAA ·---·--------····------·------··-·····--$30.00 Conference AAA ---··--·-----··---·-······------·····----··· 30.00 Conference AA ---·-----·-··-·-·······---------·--··----····--· 20.00 Conference A ..... -·------------·--·-·········-----·-·-····· 20.00 Conference B -··--·-------·····-·····---·----·-·····-·----·----8.00 Junior High School ·--·--·········---·····--··--·····----3.00 Two-Year High School ----·--···-··-·----·-·-----····---2.00 Elementary School Elementary School (each) -·--·-·-·--·-·----··--------$ 1.00 SEC. 3. In a system of schools, each high school, each junior high school, and each elementary school where the latter is under a separate principal and is in a separate building from the high school and comprises the elemen­tary grades or any subdivision thereof, shall constitute a separate member of the League. Except as specified in the rules governing the music compe­tition, no pupil in one such school unit shall represent another in any con­test. SEC. 4. Each school joining this League shall be entitled to a copy of the Constitution and Rules, and a year's subscription to The Interscholastic Leaguer. Upon request of the principal or superintendent, each teacher hav­ing in charge the preparation of students for any League contest will be placed on the Leaguer mailing list free of charge. SEc. 5. Any school that enters any of the contests of this League without having paid its membership fee shall be disqualified for the following school year, unless a satisfactory excuse for such failure is presented to the State Executive Committee. ARTICLE IV Officers SECTION I. .The executive management and control of this League shall reside in the State Executive Committee, Regional Committees, and in the various District Committees in the areas respectively indicated by their titles, "State," "Regional," and "District." SEC. 2. The State Executive Committee of The University Interscholastic League shall be appointed by the President of the University. It shall be the duty of this Executive Committee to have administrative charge of the affairs of the League; to inaugurate new contests; to create new divisions; to set up plans of competition and promote the same; to prepare and distribute bulletins and other literature pertaining to its work; to co-operate with dis­trict and regional officers; and to decide disputes that are appealed to it from such committees, except the selection and decisions of judges, and excepting disputes in intradistrict football, baseball, and basketball contests. Furthermore, it shall be the duty of the State Executive Committee to fur­nish official interpretations of rules. The State Executive Committee follows: James R. D. Eddy and T. H. Shelby, co-chairmen; Rhea H. Wiliams, R. J. Kidd, Emmette S. Redford, B. C. Tharp, C. A. Wiley, Thomas A. Rousse, Howard A. Calkins, I. I. Nelson. SEC. 3. Members of the Legislative Advisory Council of The University Interscholastic League shall be elected for four-year terms. Representation on the council shall be as follows: one representative from each Region in Conference AA; one from each Region in Conference A; and one from each Region in Conference B, in accordance with the divisions into Conferences provided for in Rule 2 of the Spring Meet Plan. Only superintendents, principals and county superintendents are eligible to be elected to the council. Nominations for membership on the Council are to be made by mail ballot not later than September of each school term. The five persons receiving the greatest number of votes in each conference from each region will be listed on the final preferential ballot submitted to the schools. In case of ties in nominations, nominees shall be reduced to five by lot. The annual meeting of the Council shall be held at Austin in November of each year. The duties of the Council shall be to consider and study all proposed legis­lation and recommerldations submitted at the November and May meetings of member-schools and recommend to the State Executive Committee legis· lation that it considers vital to the best interests of the League. SEC. 4. The duties of the football, basketball, and baseball executive committees are specified in Rule 6 in each of these "Plans found on pages 115, 125, 133, and 146, respectively. The duties of the Spring Meet District Executive Committee and the Regional Executive Committee are found in rules 5 and 20 of the Spring Meet Plan. ARTICLE V Regional Officers A directory of regions and executive officers is published under an approp· priate heading in the Leaguer. ARTICLE VI Contests SECTION l. List of Contests.-The League shall hold during the current school year the following contests: Baseball Number Sense Basketball, Boys' One-Act Play Basketball, Girls' Picture Memory Choral Singing Playground Ball Debate Poetry Reading Declamation Ready Writing Extemporaneous Speech Shorthand Football Slide Rule Football, Six-man Story Telling Golf Spelling and Plain Writing Journalism Tennis Music Track and Field Music Appreciation Typewriting Volley Ball SEC. 2. Dates for District, Regional, and State Meets.-The time for hold­ing meets during the current school year shall be in accordance with the "Calendar" published on the page following the Table of Contents of this bulletin. SEC. 3. Elementary School Meets.-Any group of elementary schools conveniently located may organize its own meet. Principals of the schools so associated (or persons designated by them) shall constitute the Executive Committee. Elementary school districts are to follow the conference classi­fication to which the high school in the same district is assigned unless mutually agreeable otherwise. Contests offered elementary schools for which rules are provided, follow: number sense, ready writing, declamation, spelling and plain writing, junior track and field, playground ball, junior tennis, volleyball, picture memory, and story-telling. For schedule of points for computing all-round championship see Rule 14 of the Spring Meet Plan. Elementary school meets do not qualify participants to any higher meet. ARTICLE VII Definitions SECTION 1. High School.-A high school is one in which at least the time of two teachers, or the equivalent, is devoted to instruction in high-school grades. In order to determine the "teaching time" in a given school per teacher, simply add up the number of minutes that the school teaches as a whole, divide by the number of teachers in the school. Then determine the number of minutes that are devoted to teaching above the eighth grade. If that equals or exceeds "the time of two teachers," you should classify the school as a double-unit school, having a high-school department and an elementary department. SEC. 2. Elementary School.-One or more grades below the high-school level, housed in a building to itself or with the high school, constitutes a separate school unit in the League, and is entitled to enter its contestants in the elementary-school meet provided the membership fee is paid. SEC. 3. Junior High School.-A junior high school is a unit in a school system organized as a junior high, whether or not it occupies a building to itself, and includes most frequently the seventh and eighth grades and the first year of high school, departmentalized to provide for individual differ­ences among pupils by permitting limited election of subjects, and marked by the introduction of some subjects usually taught in the high school. A school unit must teach at least one high-school grade to be classified as a junior high school. In so far as possible, all junior high schools are assigned to regular junior high-school districts. If no regular junior high-school district is available, then the Conference AA junior high schools are assigned to a Conference A spring meet district by the State Executive Committee and Conference A junior high schools are assigned to Con/erence B districts. Organization of independent junior high school districts is urgently recom­mended. SEC. 4. Con/erences.-A term used in classifying schools as to size, as "Conference A," "Conference B," "Conference AA," "Conference AAA" or "Conference AAAA." (For basis of respective division into Conferences see the various Plans of Competition.) SEc. 5. Higher Class School.-A "higher class" school may be (a) a school with fifteen or more accredited units, (b) a school with as many as three units more than the school formerly attended, provided the latter school has less than fifteen accredited units. This applies in each and every contest regularly scheduled herein. SEC. 6. Advanced Classification.-This term is used to describe the special conditions under which a school in one conference may be moved into an­ other conference in one or another or in all contests scheduled herein. (For rules governing classification, see the various Plans of Competition.) For advanced classification in music competition, seep. 92. SEC. 7. Junior and Senior Divisions.-Pupils under fifteen and over ten years of age on the first day of the preceding September are "juniors"; pupils fifteen or over and under nineteen the first day of the preceding September are "seniors." The terms "junior" and "senior" do not apply to contests not so designated in this bulletin. Notice that basketball, volleyball, debate, extemporaneous speech, etc., are not in junior and senior divisions. There is junior track and field, and a high school track and field meet. SEC. 3. Composite Team.-A composite team is one the members of which are made up from different school units. No composite teams are permitted to compete in Interscholastic League contests, except as specifically provided in rules governing the music contests. SEC. 9. College.-A "college" is any institution offering work above that of a regular high school, as determined by the latest catalogue or course of study of the institution under consideration. SEC. 10. Event.-An "event" is a part of a contest. For illustration: Track and Field is a contest made up of fourteen different events. SEC. 11. The Bureau of Public School Service.-That part of the Extension Division of The University of Texas, which, in addition to other activities, serves as an organizing agency for the League. SEC. 12. The League.-The League, organized yearly, consists of those public schools (see Article III, Section 1) which accept the plan of competi­tions set forth in this Constitution and Rules by fulfilling the requirements set forth in Article III, Sections 1 and 2. SEC. 13. Meets.-A "meet" is the gathering together of pupils for the purpose of engaging in scheduled contests. A "local" meet is one in which participation is confined to pupils of an individual school and generally for the purpose of qualifying contestants for the "district" meet. A "district" meet is one in which two or more schools in the same conference participate for the purpose of qualifying contestants for the "regional" meet. A "re­gional" meet is one in which the winners from a group of "district" meets compete for qualification to the State meet. The "State" meet is one in which regional winners compete for State Championships in contests scheduled in Rule 23 of Spring Meet Plan. SEC. 14. Credit.-A "credit" means a unit which the school counts toward graduation, not necessarily in subjects in which the school is accredited by the Texas Education Agency. SEC. 15. Semester.-A "semester," in the meaning of Article VIII, Section 16, is one-half of the long session during which a pupil may earn independent credit for scholastic work. SEC. 16. Term.-The word "term" is used herein to designate the period between the opening and the closing of school, usually from September to May. It is synonymous with "session," or with "long session" in institutions which have a "summer session." SEC. 17. Tournament and Round-robin.-The word "tournament" is used herein in contradistinction to "round-robin." It implies that several teams are assembled in a given place at one time for an elimination contest. "Round­robin" is used to describe a series of contests, either at one time or scattered over several days or weeks or months, in which each team contests with every other team, and the winner is determined on a percentage basis. SEC. 18. Recruiting.-The term "recruiting" as used in Rule 6 (e) of the Football Plan and Basketball Plan means offering any inducement, directly or indirectly to a football or basketball player to enroll in a given school. An inducement may be actual cash, remission of tuition, board or lodging, free transportation, a job for which remuneration is above that normally paid for such services, or other valuable consideration. SEC. 19. Enrollment.-In judging eligibility under Article VIII, Section 16, a pupil's enrollment period in a given semester begins with the day of his registration and ceases with his last day of attendance. A pupil changed from one high school to another, registered and went through a skeleton program on one day consisting of 15-minute class periods and returned the next day to his original high school. This does not constitute enrollment, since it is necessary for the pupil to attend a full class period before he is considered enrolled. In rules of the League which use enrollment as a basis for determining the number on a given team, count only those grades which will be eligible at the time of the district meet. Do not count pupils on total enrollment who will pass into an ineligible grade or graduate at mid-term. In classifying high schools for competition in League contests for 1954-55 school term, the number enrolled in the last four grades in high school is determined by the figures given in "Average Membership" of the "Superin­tendent's Annual Report." SEC. 20. Dormitory School.-The term "dormitory school" means a school that is eligible for League membership under provisions of Article III, Sec­tion 1, and one whose students live in the dormitories of the institution. SEC. 21. High-School Team.-For purposes of interpretation in this Con­stitution and Rules, a "high-school team" is defined as a group of players, any one of which has ever been used in an interschool game which counts on League standing. SEC. 22. Disqualification.-The penalty of "disqualification" prevents the offending school from qualifying for any League honors only in the contest in which the infraction of rules occurs. ARTICLE VIII Eligibility Rules The following eligibility rules shall apply to every contest held under the auspices of this League. School principals and superintendents are charged with the responsibility of seeing that these rules are strictly observed in each and every contest in which their pupils engage. The "Official Notice" column in the Leaguer is considered sufficient notice to all member schools concerning interpretations of rules. SECTION 1. Age Limit.-No one shall take part in any contest in this League who, on the first day of September preceding the contest, has reached or passed his nineteenth birthday. A contestant who is eligible under this rule at the beginning of any Interscholastic League season remains eligible throughout the season. Earliest documentary evidence shall be final in deciding disputes arising under this rule. Records in family Bibles are not accepted as evidence if the entry ofjered shows any sign of alteration. Moreover, entries which were not made at or near the time of birth are considered valueless as evidence. Recent affidavits of date of birth are not ac­ceptable as evidence of date of birth. Note that date of filing of birth certificate deter­mines the date of the document. SEC. 2. Undergraduates Only.-No one shall take part in any contest in this League who has been graduated from his school or other school of equal or higher rank or who has sufficient credits to entitle him to a diploma, except: A contestant shall not be barred by this rule who has been graduated from a school of less than fifteen accredited units (as recorded in the current Bulletin on Standards and Activities of the Texas Education Agency) and returns to take the advanced work in a high school having as many as three more accredited units; provided, that such pupil is an undergraduate in the school to which he or she returns or to which he or she has been transferred. (Note, however, Section 13, of this article.) a. Participation as a graduate in graduation exercises constitutes "graduation" within the meaning of this rule. A pupil receiving a "dummy diplomri' is considered a graduate, and no revocation of a diploma, for any reason, restores undergraduate status in so far as this rule is concerned. b. The diploma referred to in the phrase "sufficient credits to entitle him to a di­ploma" means any diploma based on the minimum number of credits, irrespective of other requirements not involving credits, shall be considered as meeting the graduate requirements of Article VIII, Section 2. c. The graduation requirements effective at the beginning of the school year govern in the application of this rule. d. The high school's classification in force at the time the school opened for the cur­rent year governs. This seems the fairest interpretation, since otherwise, the action of the county board one way or another might render eligible or ineligible pupils who have already made choice of a high school for the year. SEC. 3. Scholarship Requirement.-No one shall take part in any contest in this League who, at the time of the contest, is not passing, since the be­ginning of the semester or term, in at least three half-unit credit courses (for which the contestant has no credit), to the date seven days prior to the con­test. Provided, that a pupil in a grade below the high school shall be con­sidered as fulfilling the scholarship requirement if he is passing in three­fourths of the work offered as a normal student-load, and provided further, that in a school not offering a total of 720 minutes of recitation work per week a pupil may satisfy the scholarship requirement if he is taking the regular amount of recitation work for that school and is passing in three­fourths of such work. a. The scholarship rule requires three courses taken in the high school. Work taken in any institution outside of the high schoql which the contestant seeks to represent may not be counted in order to make up the required amount of work. b. Seven days prior to the date of a contest (in Regional music contests, twenty-one days) is the date which determines the eligibility of a contestant under this requirement. If at this time (seven days before the contest), the nature of the contestant's work, taken as a whole from the beginning of the semester would not entitle him to promotion if it were promotion time, in at least three subjects, he is not eligible and he remains ineligible until the time when his work taken as a whole from the beginning of the semester would entitle him to promotion. See definition of semester in Article VII, Section 15. c. A course of less than one-half unit per semester cannot be counted. For illustration, two one-fourth unit courses cannot be counted as one-half unit course. SEC. 4. College Contestants Barred.-No one shall take part in any contest in this League who, either as a substitute or as a regular, ever represented a college in any contest; or, who has ever attended a college as a regular stu­dent, "regular college student" meaning a student who has ever enrolled for as much as one college course. (For definition of "college" see Article VII, Section 9.) No course is considered a college course within the meaning of this rule for which only high-school credit is given, although such course may be administered by a college. SEC. 5. Day Students Only.-The studies required in these rules shall be taken during the day session of school. SEC. 6. Attendance.-No one shall take part in any contest in this League who, at the time of the contest, has not been a bona fide regular attendant in the school unit represented for thirty calendar days immediately preceding the contest, or since the first day of the second week of the current school year; i.e., a pupil who enrolls after the first day of the second week is not eligible for thirty calendar days. Absence for not over two weeks on account of sickness or other unavoidable cause shall not bar a pupil if a written certificate of such cause for absence is presented, signed by the parent or guardian; provided, that such absence cannot be computed on time prior to the student's actual entry in a given school, or after his withdrawal. SEC. 7. Competitions Outside League.-ln all games or contests outside the League, and in so-called "non-conference" games, a League member shall abide by the rules and regulations of the League and be subject to the same penalties for infractions as if the contest or game were with another member of the League or as if the infraction were made in a regular "conference" game that decided League standing. This section does not apply to "B" squads or scrub teams of participating schools. No member-school's scrub team, "A" or "B" team may schedule an interschool contest in a sport in which the other school is suspended. SEC. 8. Amateurs Only.-No one shall take part in any athletic contest in this League who has ever received money, or other valuable consideration for teaching, officiating, or participating in any athletic sport, or game, or who in any game outside of games played as a member of his school team or the Interscholastic League has, within the last twelve months, competed on an athletic team with a paid player or contestants, or who for valuable con­sideration has allowed his name to be used for the promotion of any product, plan or service. Teaching, officiating or participating in the following games or sports for "valuable consideration" shall be considered as a violation of this rule: base­ball, basketball, boxing, football, golf, rodeo events, softball, swimming and diving, tennis, track and field, weight lifting, wrestling. Sports and games not mentioned above may be added to the list by the State Executive Committee upon one year's notice to the member-schools. This rule does not apply to pupils who were under 15 years of age at the time payment for athletic services was made; neither shall it prohibit the acceptance of rebates on railroad fare in interscholastic contests fostered by institutions of higher education. The penalty for violation of this rule shall be forfeiture of eligibility for one year from the date of the violation. a. Money or other valuable consideration accepted by a contestant after a contest ren­ders the contestant ineligible for further participation in Interscholastic League contests, irrespective of whether or not there was any agreement with regard to remuneration previous to the contest. b. This rule has been construed to prohibit a contestant from receiving tmy payment or valuable consideration, either for participation in, or as an incentive to participate in, any game or sport, including payment of expenses for a trip to a college for the purpose of considering an athletic scholarship or the signing of an agreement for such scholar­ship. SEC. 9. Playing under Assumed Name.-No one shall participate in any contest of the League, who has ever contested under an assumed name in any contest, (1) conducted under the auspices of the Interscholastic League, or, (2) in which participation would affect his eligibility for contests conducted under the auspices of the League. SEC. 10. Certificate of Eligibility.-Before each game or contest in this League, each school shall file with the director in charge and upon demand shall furnish to the manager of an opposing team, a list of the contestants representing that school with the eligibility of such contestants certified to by the principal or superintendent. SEC. 11. State Winners Barred.-The winner of the State Championship (that is, first place) in debate (or member of the winning team), declama­tion, extemporaneous speech, poetry reading, number sense, or slide rule, shall not be eligible again in the contests in which the championship was won; and contestants awarded 100 per cent certificates in spelling are also disqualified from further competition in that class and division in spelling. Contestants in Junior Declamation winning first place in Regional meets are disqualified from further participation in Junior Declamation in the class in which the honor is won. SEC. 12. Double Representation.-The same contestant shall not be eligible to represent his school in more than one of the public speaking contests in the same year. Participation in the one-act play contest shall not be considered participation in a "public speaking event." SEC. 13. Changing Schools.-A pupil changing schools is not eligible in League contests whose parents (or guardian) reside outside the school dis­trict, until he shall have been in attendance at the school or in the school system to which he changes for one year immediately preceding the contest; provided, such pupil is not barred under this rule who ( 1) changes from a school district in which the parents of the pupil actually reside, having less than fifteen accredited units to the nearest school in good standing with the League having as many as three more, or to the school having fifteen or more accredited units located nearest his home or the nearest one in his county, as measured by the public road, (2) lives with his parents or guard­ian and elects to change to any higher class school within 15 miles of his home. a. The school oj the school district in which contestant resides has less than fifteen accredited units. He is there/ ore eligible in School A, which is the nearest higher class school to his home or the nearest one in the county. But last session he attended School B, a higher class school, but not, of course, the nearest one to his home. This year he returns home and enters School A. ls he eligible to represent School A this session? He is eligible for participation in League contests this session, since the School A district is his "home district" in so far as League rules are concerned. Notice, however, Article VIII, Section 14. b. In order to avail himself of the residence of his guardian to become eligible under this rule, the guardianship must be legal, recorded in its regular order in the office of the County Clerk, and of at least one year's standing. If no legal guardianship has been taken out, three years' residence with and support of a contestant establishes guardianship within the meaning of this rule, except in case both parents of the contestant are living no guardanship is possible in the meaning of this rule. c. A contestant, both of whose parents are dead, is eligible his first year in the school district wherein a grandparent, uncle, aunt, or older brother or sister resides, with whom he lives and by whom he is supported. Notice, however, Article VIII, Section 14. d. This rule applies only to pupils in high school. e. If the parents of a contestant move from the district before he has been in attend­ance for one year he loses his eligibility in the school district from which his parents move, and remains ineligible there until his year is up. f. In unaccredited schools, a contestant is eligible his first year only in the one located nearest his home or the nearest one in his county. If he has finished the grades offered in the nearest school, he automatically becomes eligible in the nearest school offering work in a higher grade. After an enrollment of three weeks, or longer, in an accredited school, the contestant cannot re-establish eligibility (under one year) in the unaccredited school unless there has been a corresponding change of residence on the part of his parents, or unless the contestant's home school has been raised in rank by adding at least one grade. g. "Bus" transfers are on the same basis as individual transfers except that bus trans­lers assigned by the County Board are not affected by this section. h. This rule applies also within a city having two or more senior high schools, but does not apply to elementary grades. Neither does it apply to junior high-school graduates who change to the senior high school designated for such junior high-school graduates. Districts outlined by the local school board shall govern. A pupil living in an "over­lapping" district is eligible his first year under this rule in the school of his choice so long as he is living in the district of that high school. After a pupil under these condi­tions makes a choice of a high school, he will lose his eligibility for one year if he changes to another high school even in the same school srstem, unless a corresponding of residence by his parents has ben made. If parents change residence from District A in a city srstem to District B in the same system, the pupil may choose the high school of District B or the central vocational high school whose district includes aU the other districts. In ruling on the transfer of contestants from high schools in a city system of schools to a central vocational school under this section, the "overlapping district" interpretation contained in paragraph "h" applies; that is, the vocational high-school district including all the other districts is considered as an "overlapping disrict." i. In case of discontinuance of the school this section does not apply. j. After a pupil in a lower class school makes a choice of a higher class school within 15 miles of his home he will lose his eligibility for one year if he changes to another higher class school located within 15 miles of his home; unless (1) there is a correspond­ing change of residence by his parents, or (2) the County Board of Education has ordered the change of schools and the tuition and bus money has been transferred in accordance with the law providing for transfers from one district to another. SEC. 14. One Year Rule.-A pupil who has represented a high school (other than his present school) or academy in either football or basketball is ineligible in both of these sports for one year in a school to which he changes, except a pupil who changes from a school which he has attended for at least one year having less than fifteen accredited units to the nearest higher class school (see Article VII, Section 5) to his home, or the nearest in his county. A pupil living at home with his parents (or guardian) and qualifying under the "exception" clause above, is eligible under this section in any higher class school within 15 miles. A pupil changing from a training school conducted by a college to the local high school in which district his parents have lived at least one year, is not ineligible under this rule. A junior high-school pupil who has represented his junior high school in football or basketball is ineligible in both of these sports in a school system to which he changes until he has been in attendance for one year. a. To be ineligible under this rule the pupil must have represented in football or basket­ball another high school having as many as 15 accredited units. The number of units held by the former school when the pupil enrolls in the new school governs this point. b. A pupil is eligible under this rule who enrolls the first year in a newly created school located nearest his home (where he has resided for a least one year). c. In the meaning of this rule, the one year provision has been satisfied when the pupil has been in attendance in the new school for two semesters even though the semesters may not be two consecutive semesters. d. In case of discontinuance of the school which a contestant has represented in basket­ball or football, this section does not apply. e. This section shall not operate to render pupils ineligible in a school to which they are changed by order of the County Board and to which their tuition money and bus money have been transferred, in accordance with the law providing for trans/ ers from one district to another. f. "A contestant represents school A, a fully accredited high school in an interschool football or basketball game; then he moves to school B, another fully accredited high school, where he remains ineligible for one year and consequently does not take part in any interschool football or basketball games. Later he moves to school C, a third fully accredited high school." This section shall not operate to render the pupil ineligible in school C, or in any other school to which he changes, since the provisions of this Rule have been satisfied when the pupil was in attendance in school B for two semesters, with­out having participated in any interschool football or basketball games. The rule was not designed to affect the eligibility of a contestant for more than two semesters, pro­vided he had not further participated in interschool football or basketball. SEC. 15. Teachers lneligible.-A person who is teaching whole or part time is ineligible for any League contest. SEC. 16. Passing Grade Preceding Semester.-No one shall take part in any contest in this League who did not attend school a major portion of the preceding semester and who did not complete at least three half units (see Article VII, Section 19) during the semester. a. Question arose as to whether a contestant was eligible to compete in a basketball game the Saturday night following the Friday which was the last school day of the fall semester. The contestant had failed to pass in three credit courses during the spring semester of the preceding school year, but had passed in three credit courses during the fall semester. At the time of the game, it was a question of which was the "last semester," the fall or the spring semester. The contestant was ineligible since the fall semester does not close until the new semester has begun, and the new semester does not begin until school is in session again after the last school day of the fall semester. For definition of a "semester" see Article VII, Section 15. b. A student changing schools is ineligible under this section if the school to which he changes refuses to allow credit for work completed the preceding semester in the for mer school. c. A year's credit in a subject granted on the basis of grades made during both semes· ters may be counted as one of the three half units required regardless of the particular grade for either semester. d. No exceptions are made to this rule for any reason. If the contestant was sick, or had to quit school for other good reasons, he simply is not eligible if he failed to get credit for three half·unit credit courses during the preceding semester. Summer school work or any work handed in after the close of the semester cannot be counted. A con­testant who has been out of school a full year or more is eligible provided he attended a major portion of, and made three half units, the last semester he was in school. The fact that he was passing at the time of his withdrawal does not satisfy this rule. If he did not earn the prescribed credit he is not eligible. If the contestant was enrolled less than three weeks his last semester he is not considered as having "attended" that semes­ter. e. In case the session is not divided in a given school into semesters, the pupil must have been promoted at the last promotion period. f. Scholastic work to be valid must be work for which the contestant does not already have credit. g. A pupil who has been out of school a year or more is eligible under this section if he attended school a major portion of the last semester that he was in school and <:ompleted three half units. ' h. An elementary pupil in order to be eligible for participation in League contests must have attended a major portion of the semester or term and must have been regularly and unconditionally promoted at the last promotion period in school attended. Such a pupil who has been out of school a year or more is eligible under this section if he was regularly and unconditionally promoted at the last promotion period in the school year during which he last attended school. A pupil who has been promoted conditionally from the elementary school to the high school may still be eligible under this rule if he passed the last semester in the elementary school, three elementary-school subjects. SEC. 17. Post-$eason Participation F orbidden.-No one shall take part in any athletic contest in this League who has ever participated in a post-season football game other than one duly scheduled in the League championship series. SEC. 18. Ten Semester Rule.-No one shall take part in any contest in this League after the end of the tenth consecutive semester following his first enrollment in the eighth grade. a. This section limits the eligibility of a contestant to not more than eight consecntivt. semesters in a four-year high school and not more than six consecutive semesters in a three-year high school. b. When a pupil enrolls in two or more eighth grade subjects this section is in effect. SEC. 19. Out-of-State Competition.-No one shall take part in any athletic contest in this League who has competed either as an individual or as a mem· her of an athletic team in an out-of-state athletic contest that has not been approved by the State Executive Committee. This rule does not apply to regular scheduled school games arranged by the school officials, nor to ath­letic contests participated in between the closing and opening of the parti· cipant's school "terms" (provided the Amateur and Awards Rules are not violated). (For definition of School "term," see Article VII, Section 16). SEC. 20. Athletic Try-Outs.-No one shall take part in any athletic contest in this League who has ever participated in a college athletic practice session or tests for purposes of revealing, demonstrating or displaying athletic ability in any sport. ARTICLE IX Relations Between District, Regional, and State Contests Refer to the Spring Meet section for information on District, Regional and State Contests, page 28. ARTICLE X All-Round Championship Refer to the Spring Meet section for information on All-Round Cham­pionships, page 31. ARTICLE XI Expenses and Rebates SECTION 1. Tournaments and Meets.-ln district meets and tournaments, the prizes offered and rebates of contestants and of judges shall be provided for as the respective directors may determine. Admission charges in any meet or tournament may be made when deemed advisable. If receipts exceed expenses of the meet or tournament the balance should be rebated to partici­pating schools on a fair mileage basis. The executive Committee of a Meet may collect a small entry fee if other sources are insufficient to finance the Meet. SEc. 2. Final Meet.-At the final contests the visiting contestants shall bear their own expenses in the first instance. The State Executive Commit­tee, however, shall devote from the amount received in fees in the current year, after defraying necessary expenses of the League not covered by Uni­versity appropriations, to the payment of rebates on a mileage basis, com­puted on the mileage given by the Texas State Highway Official Mileage Chart. In case town is not listed on mileage chart, county seat of county in which town is located is taken for computing rebate. The rebates shall be payable to each school which is represented by actual participation in State contests and shall include faculty representatives from each participating school as provided in Rule 24 of Spring Meet section. Not more than five track and one-act play contestants from any one school shall be entitled to rebate. A rebate of one cent per mile per contestant or delegate has been customary. An automobile conveying five qualified contestants and delegates will thus receive five cents per mile for the trip to Austin and return. Since the rebate will be on a per-mile-per-contestant basis, it will be seen that an economy may be effected by bringing as many individuals as convenient in one car. It will be seen that district delegations may effect an economy by organizing "car-pools." ARTICLE XII Disputes All disputes (except decisions of judges and referees of contests) among the members of the League shall be settled by the appropriate executive committee. A district or regional executive committee may, if desired, sub­mit a case in dispute to the State Executive Committee for adjudication, except that the decision of district football and basketball committees in all disputes arising in connection with the determination of the district championship shall be final. Others who feel that they have a just cause for complaint against any executive committee (except in football and basketball) may appeal the case to the State Executive Committee for final decision; in which instance a written statement of facts shall be presented both by the appellant and by the executive committee together with all documentary evidence considered ; provided, that all protests must be made in writing within twenty-four hours after the contest. Eligibility pro­tests, however, are not subject to the 24-hour limitation. Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League The representative of a school involved is disqualified from sitting as a member of the committee in the adjudication of the dispute. Protests must be presented by either superintendent or principal. The State Executive Committee shall have jurisdiction of all disputes arising between schools belonging, respectively, in different conferences. In passing upon eligibility of players the district committee acts in a judicial capacity. A proper judicial approach involves reasonable notice (i.e., sz4ficient to permit an answer to charges made or issues raised), an opportunity for a fair hearing, and an unbiased decision based upon the evidence presented. ARTICLE XIII Penalties SECTION 1. Suspension.-Any school that violates any of the eligibility rules or regulations in the plans of competition of this League may be sus­pended from further competition in the League for a period of from one to three years in the contest in which the infraction is made upon presentation to the State Executive Committee of sufficient evidence of said infraction. football and basketball eligibility cases arising inside the district shall he decided hy the appropriate football and basketball district committee, as provided in Article XII and in Rule 6 o fthe Basketball Plan and of the Football Plan. If, in the opinion of the district committee, the offense is of sufficient gravity to warrant suspension from the League, the district com­mittee shall make such recommendation to the State Executive Committee and transmit its findings of fact in the case or cases, which the State Execu­tive Committee shall consider in passing upon whether or not the offending school shall be suspended. Nothing in this section or in Art. XII shall be interpreted to limit the power of the State Executive Committee in making investigations and initiat­ing proceedings against any member-school whenever, in the opinion of the Committee, there is sufficient evidence at hand to justify such action. SEC. 2. Mandatory Penalty.-A school that continues to use a contestant who has been declared ineligible shall be suspended from the League for a period of from one to three years in the contest in which the infraction is made, and all contracts with member-schools in this contest become at once null and void. SEC. 3. May Not Play Suspended Teams.-No school in this League shall engage in any contest with a suspended school, and any school violating this rule shall be suspended. This prohibition applies, of course, only to the contest in which the school is suspended. Scrub teams and "B" teams of League member are governed by this rule. The University of Texas Publication Schools under suspension in any contest will be listed in the September and following issues of the Interscholastic Leaguer, Official Notice Column. SEC. 4. Records.-A school shall produce its records upon request by an appropriate executive committee, and refusal to do so shall constitute grounds for suspension from one to three years. SEC. 5. Minimum Penalty.-The minimum penalty for using an ineligible contestant is forfeiture of the contest in which the ineligible contestant par­ticipated. ARTICLE XIV Annual Meetings A meeting of representatives of member-schools shall be held at the State meet of the several conferences, and another meeting of the representatives of member-schools shall be held during the Annual Convention of the Texas State Teachers Association. At these meetings, matters pertaining to the League shall be discussed and recommendations made to State Legislative Advisory Council regard­ing any changes in the rules. Each member-school present shall be entitled to one vote at this meeting, which shall be cast by the superintendent or principal. ARTICLE XV Amendments All amendments to the Constitution and Rules of the League shall be made by the State Executive Committee, provided, that all material changes in the eligibility and other rules which do not involve a question of Uni­versity policy shall first be submitted to the members of the League at the annual meeting and/ or to the advisory council for an advisory vote (see Art. IV, Sec. 2, last paragraph). In a case considered an emergency, the State Executive Committee may submit a proposed change for a referendum vote to the member-schools. All changes in eligibility rules shall require one year's notice. ARTICLE XVI Limitation of Awards No member-school of this League shall be permitted to issue (and no pupil shall be permitted to receive) awards for participation in interschool competition in excess of $15.00 (or equivalent in value) per year; except that an additional symbolic award not to exceed $2.00 each may be pre­sented for each additional interschool activity. Enforcement of this rule shall rest with the State Executive Committee, and violation of the herein pro­visions may be used as ground for suspension. This rule shall not be interpreted to prohibit the acceptance of symbolic awards such as medals and cups as tokens of achievements to contestants in meets or tournaments provided the awards are made by the organization conducting the meet or tournament. a. This section applies only to awards given by the school, or awards received by a pupil from any source for participating in interschool contests. Awards, rewards, gifts or other valuable consideration received for participating in athletic contests other than interschool events are to be governed by the provisions of the Amateur Rule. b. The giving of special, awards to individuals by a district executive committee in foot· ball is a violation. A school cannot accept an award for an individual player and hold it until his eligibility is completed and then give it to the player. c. Educational trips shall not be interpreted as a violation of the Awards Rule provided the trips are financed and sponsored solely by the school board. Spring Meet Plan The Spring Meet Plan, as set forth in this section of the Constitution and Rules, provides for the detailed organization and administration of the Spring Meet contest program beginning in the district and progressing through the region to the State Meet. 1. Eligible Schools.-No school shall be eligible for the District Meet unless it is a paid-up member of the League. 2. Conferences.-Schools are classified for competition in spring meet contests and in baseball on the basis of "average membership" for the last four grades as found in the superintendent's Annual Report. The following schedule is used in classifying and assigning schools to conferences: Conference AA ----·-.. .... ·····----.. .............. 500 and more Conference A ------------------·---------------------------------210 to 500 Conference B ----------------·-----··-------·-----·-·--------Less than 210 High schools with an enrollment of 375-499 may be admitted to Confer­ence AA by a unanimous vote of the Executive Committee of the district to which application is made. High schools with an enrollment of 115-209 may be admitted to Conference A by a unanimous vote of the Executive Committee of the district to which application is made. The State Execu­tive Committee may, upon unanimous recommendation of any District Executive Committee, admit any school to a higher conference. District Meet 3. Districts.-The state shall be divided into districts for each confer­ence, and competition shall extend to a state championship in the con­tests and events listed in Rule 23 of this plan. The State Executive Com· mittee may merge or rearrange districts for improvement of the competi­tive set-up. Junior high schools are assigned to the high-school meet as follows: Junior high schools in a Conference AA school district are assigned to a Conference A high-school meet; junior high schools in a Conference A school district are assigned to a Conference B high-school meet. Great care has been taken to organize these meets so that a minimum of travel will be required. Only schools of approximately the same size are brought into competitive contact in the initial meets. The equality of competition is now preserved throughout the whole program, including Regional meets and the final State Meet. 4. District Organization.-The last date for organizing the district for Spring Meet shall be February 1. The chairman of the old District Execu­tive Committee shall serve as the temporary chairman of the district, and he shall call a meeting of all participating schools in the district preferably during November but in no case later than February 1. At this meeting a District Executive Committee shall be created com­posed of faculty representatives from the participating high schools. The District Executive Committee shall not alter or change the Spring Meet schedule in any way. For illustration, suppose a school begins in the fall the preparation for a given contest expecting of course to be able to compete in it at the District Meet. On arriving at the Meet, however, it is found that the Committee decided in January or February that this contest was not to be offered. A dispute immediately ensues as to notice, the Committee claiming that it gave notice and the school contending that the notice was not received. In order to prevent such disputes and disappointment of contestants and to encourage schools to begin their preparation early in the fall, the rules do not permit the executive committee of a given meet to change the schedule of contests, or to alter their respective values in counting points toward all-round championships. 5. Duties of the DistrU:t Executive Committee.-It shall be the duty of the district executive committee to enforce eligibility rules in the district; to select the site and date for the meet; to arrange for holding district meet for high schools; to arrange for financing the meet; to canvass schools for entries to such contests; to see that only those schools on the official list furnished by the State Office are permitted to enter; to co­operate with the schools in effecting and promoting a district organization; to correspond with the State Office with regard to the interests of the work; to adjudicate disputes arising within the district, subject to provisions of Article XII; and in general to work toward making the contests worth­while in and by themselves, regardless of subsequent contests. It shall be the duty of the Director General of the meet to select the juxts for Grades V and VI, using only words from the state adopted texts in these grades and taking an equal number of words from each text for the contest list. High School: League Spelling List for High School, and state adopted texts for Grades VII and VIII,t using only the words from the state adopted texts in these grades and taking an equal number of words from each text for the contest list. Bulletin No. 5418 contains all three of the League spelling lists-see Appendix III. 5. Test-Lists.-The State Office of the League shall furnish three lists to tbe Director General of each meet, the words therein given to be written from dictation by contestants in spelling, as follows: a. Grades V and VI list shall be made up from sources prescribed above for this division, ninety words to be pronounced at the rate of five words per minute. b. Grades VII and VIII list shall be made up from sources prescribed above for this division, one hundred and twenty words, to be pronounced at the rate of six words per minute. *In case a school has only one pupil in the eligible grades of a given division, the team may be completed by a pupil selected from the next lower grade. t It will be noted that assignments to State Adopted Text are in the nature of a review. c. Grades IX and Above list shall be made up from sources ahove pre­scribed for this division, one hundred and twenty words, pronounced at the rate of six words per minute. :These three lists shall be Pnclosed in a sealed envelope and delivered to the Director of Spelling by the Director General on the day set for the spelling contest. The seal of this envelope shall be broken in the presence of the contestants after they are assembled and ready to begin. 7. Equipment.-The contestant shall come to his appropriate division provided with ordinary theme-tablet paper (81/2 x 11), and with either lead pencil or pen and ink. 8. Homonyms.-The pronouncer should be careful to distinguish be­tween words which sound alike but have different meanings. Thus, if he pronounces the word "bass," he should be careful to say "bass drum," or "bass voice," to distinguish it from "base," meaning "low or mean." 9. Monitors.-The monitors of the contest may, at the option of the Director, be appointed to see that the contest is conducted fairly. Contestants should be separated from each other as far as space in the room permits, and any attempt on the part of a contestant to copy from another should be noted by the monitors or pronouncer, who shall report to the Director, who may disqualify the contestant. 10. Identification.-Identification of spelling papers shall be by number. The Spelling Director shall keep a list of all contestants, address, school, class, and division in which each is competing, and shall number the en­tries consecutively, assigning each contestant his appropriate number, which he shall be instructed to place on his paper, in the upper right-hand corner. 11. Graders.-The papers shall be gathered up immediately after the close of the contest by the pronouncer and be delivered to the Director of Spelling, or person acting for him. He shall appoint competent judges to grade the spelling papers, none of whom shall be connected with any of the schools entered in the contest. 12. Team Grade.-The team grade is determined by deducting from 100 one point for each error made by each member of the team. 13. Winning Team.-The team making the highest grade is given first place; the team making next highest grade is given second place; and the team making next highest grade is given third place; and points are awarded according to schedule in Rule 14 of the Spring Meet Plan. It is the duty of the Director of Spelling to mail all papers graded 100% in the district meet to the State Office for re-grading and award. Only the 100% papers should be sent, and they must be sent within ten days after the district contest is concluded in order to be eligible for award, which consists of the League Certificate of Excellence in Spelling and Plain Writ­ing. In submitting these papers to the State Office, it is necessary for the Di· rector of Spelling to identify each paper by writing thereon the name and address of the contestant, the name of the school represented and the class and division in which the pupil competed. The Director of Spelling shall include his own name and address with papers sent to the State Office. Itis suggested that each child who has achieved 100% be instructed to write his complete name and home (mailing) address upon his paper. The State Office must have these in order to send each con· testant the Certificate which he has earned. 14. The Spelling List.-The publication referred to in these rules as "The Spelling List" is The University of Texas Bulletin No. 5418, and is entitled "Word List for the Interscholastic League Spelling Contest." The price is 5 cents per copy, 50 cents per dozen, and $3.00 per hundred, post· paid Instruction to Graders 1. The correct spelling of a word consists in writing legibly the letters which compose it in their proper order. 2. The first authority is the spelling list, which follows in nearly every case the first spelling given in the latest edition of Webster's International Dictionary. 3. In case any word is mispelled in any edition of the spelling list, that word is not to be considered in grading the spelling papers. 4. The following faults* in handwriting shall be considered errors: a. An undotted "i" or "j" or an uncrossed "t." (A "Parker" "r" is admissible if it passes legibility test; also "final t.") b. A looped "i" or an unlooped "e" or "I." c. An "n" or "m" not curved at the top. d. A small letter beginning a word which rises as high as the two or three-spaced letters in the word or which rises as much as one space above the other one-spaced letters in the word shall be con· sidered a capital. e. An "o" not closed, or looped at the top. f. Furthermore, any malformed lettert or illegible letter, if consid­ered out of its context, is considered a miss. A freakish affectation • This list of faults has been compiled from a study of thousands of papers submitted in the State contests in spelling, and insistence by teachers on students correcting these faults will do much, it is hoped, to improve the legibility of their pupils' writing. For illustration of these faults, see a special circular entitled "Writing Errors," copy of which is sent free on request. t For illustration of malformed letters which are considered errors, see "Writing Errors," a circular sent free on request. in writing, such as putting a circle instead of a dot over an "i" is considered a miss. [Note.-To determine whether or not a given letter is illegible, place a blank piece of paper on either side of it, thus separating it from its context, and then see whether or not the character may be identified.] 5. The misuse of an apostrophe or hyphen is considered a miss, and a mistake in capitalization is also considered a miss. 6. Words are to be pronounced in regular order in the lists furnished, and any word omitted is a miss. In cases where all papers omit the same word, it is considered evidence that the pronouncer failed to give this word, so it is not considered a miss. Number Sense Contest 1. Divisions and Representation.-There shall be two divisions in this contest, one for grade schools and one for high schools. In Elementary School Meets, each school shall pe permitted to enter two contestants. In district meets, each high school shall be permitted to enter two con­tes~ants in its appropriate Conference. 2. Eligibility.-Each pupil entered in the Number Sense Contest must be eligible under the rules set forth in Article VIII of this Constitution. 3. Contest Problems.-The contest problems shall be furnished from the State Office to the Director General in a sealed envelope which shall not be opened until the contestants are assembled and ready to begin. The prob­lems shall be of the same general nature as those contained in the League Bulletin entitled "Developing Number Sense." 4. Conducting the Contest.-During the contest, only the Director of Number Sense, and a committee of three graders appointed by the Director General to grade the papers, shall be permitted to remain in the room. The Director in charge shall number the folded sheet, and keep memoranda of the name, address, and school of each contestant to correspond to the num­bers respectively assigned, so that the papers at the close of the test may be readily identified. The contestants shall be instructed not to unfold the test sheets until the signal is given for the contest to begin. After exactly ten minutes another signal shall be given, and each contestant shall then be re­quired to rise and fold his test sheet and be ready to deliver it to the person designated to collect the sheets. Each contestant shall be instructed to write his answer down immediately following the problem without attempting to solve the problem on paper, in accordance with instructions on the test sheet. This is a test in mental arithmetic, and only the results of calculations ar· rived at without the use of pencil and paper should be accepted. The director of the contest may disqualify a contestant for violating these instructions. 5. Determining the Winner.-At the close of the ten-minute period, all of the papers shall be collected and immediately placed in the hands of the graders, who shall carefully grade the papers, by the key, awarding each contestant five points for each problem solved correctly. The sum of the points thus awarded shall be considered the gross grade of the contestant. From the gross grade five points shall be deducted for each problem not solved correctly or skipped. Those problems occurring after the last prob­lem solved correctly or attempted are not considered skipped and hence no deduction for them is made. If an answer to a problem is crossed out, the problem shall be considered not attempted. An answer may be changed by crossing out the old answer and replacing it with the new answer. Erasures are not permitted. First place goes to the contestant making the highest net grade, second place to the contestant making the next highest net grade, third place to the next highest and so on. In case of a tie, a tie-breaker test shall be given as soon as possible. An illegible figure shall be considered an error, and the same test for determining legibility shall be applied as is prescribed in the Spelling Rules. (See "Note" to Instruction No. 4-F, page 72.) All fractions in test papers must be reduced to lowest terms. All improper fractions must be expressed as whole numbers plus proper fractions; for example, an answer of 40/ 6 must be written in the form of 6-2/ 3, and 64/ 20 must be written in the form 3.2 or 3-1/ 5. All teachers having entries in the contest shall be permitted to examine papers before the final scores are announced. 6. Assistance.-The bulletin entitled "Developing Number Sense" may be ordered from the League Office. The bulletin contains a thousand or more number sense problems, which may be used in classroom drills. For price of the bulletin, see Official List of League Publications, Appendix IV. The League also furnishes practice test sheets but no order will be filled for less than 10 sheets of a given test. Starred problems on test sheets require only approximate answers, i.e., they permit 5% eror; unstarred problems require exact answers. 7. Graders.-A committee of competent and unbiased graders shall be appointed by the Director General to grade the papers produced in the con­test and report the grades to the Director of the contest. 8. Qualification.-District winners in each Conference qualify for re­gional meets and regional winners for the State Meet in accordance with schedule provided in Rule 23 of the State Meet Plan. Competition for the Elementary School Division closes with the Elemen­tary School Meet. Slide Rule Contest 1. Representation.-Each member high school in the University Inter­scholastic League is permitted to enter three contestants in the district meet slide rule contest in the particular conference to which the school belongs. 2. Eligibility.-ln addition to satisfying the eligibility requirements for literary contestants as set forth in Article VIII of the Constitution and Rules, only pupils in the eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh grades in the eleven­grade school systems and only pupils in the ninth, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth grades in the twelve-grade school systems shall he permitted to enter this contest. 3. Contest Problems.-a. All regular contest and tie-breaking contest problems and corresponding answer-keys shall be provided by the State Office to the Director General in a sealed envelope which shall not be opened until after the contestants are assembled and are ready to begin the contest. b. The contests shall include all manner of problems involving only the following slide rule operations: multiplication, division, squares, cubes, square roots, cube roots, and placement of decimals. c. The regular contest shall consist of approximately sixty problems of such difficulty that no individual is expected to complete them in the thirty minutes time alotted for the contest. On a given contest, the problems may be arranged in the order of slightly increasing difficulty. As a contestant progresses to the regional and State meets, he may expect to encounter an increase in the degree of difficulty of problem. d. The tie-breaking contests shall consist of fifteen problems similar to those found in the regular contests. The time allotted for these tie-breaking contests is ten minutes. These tie-breaking contest problems automatically accompany th~ regular contest problem envelopes. 4. Slide Rules Permitted.-Any type of standard slide rule without special accessories is permitted in the contest, whether it is straight or circu­lar, wooden, plastic, or metallic. If the contestant desires, he may use more than one slide rule during the contest provided that each slide rule used is of standard make with no special accessories, such as additional indicators or special scales or markings. The use of any non·standard slide rule or non­standard equipment is prohibited. In the selection of a slide rule, let it be borne in mind that a quality instrument together with proficiency in its op­eration usually results in a winning combination, all other things being equal. 5. Conducting the Contest and Determining the Winners.-All slide rule contests shall be conducted under the following regulations: a. Up to three contest graders, in addition to the contest director, shall be secured from competent and unbiased citizens. These should he chosen in advance of the meet to enable the graders to familiarize themselves with the contest rules and method of grading. In advance of the contest, "Instructions for Graders for the Slide Rule Contest" should be obtained from the Univer­sity Interscholastic League, Bureau of Public School Service, The University of Texas, Austin 12, Texas. The sample test and its sample grading are in· cluded in these instructions which all graders should study and understand before the contest, in addition to reading the slide rule contest rules appear­ing in this Constitution and Rules. A copy of these instructions will accom­pany each set of slide contest papers to enable the graders to re-read the rules during the contest and have for ready reference during the grading of the contest papers. b. Since the performance of a slide rule contestant depends largely upon his comfort during the contest, care should be taken in the selection a a con· test room and its equipment. The contest room shall be adequate in size for the comfort of all contestants and shall be selected with quietness of location and excellence of lighting as prime factors. During the actual conduct of the slide rule contest, no other contest or other activity shall be permitted to take place in the contest room. Tables or desks with accompanying armless chairs (not stools) are to be used, if at all available, for the contestants; these should not be of grade school size but should comfortably accommo­date high school contestants. Since a very small minority of the contestants prefer classroom armchairs to desks or tables, a few classroom armchairs should be provided in addition to the desks or tables. c. Subject to its availability, at a position easily seen by all contestants, an as-large-as-possible electrically-operated clock shall be provided to indicate silently the remaining time in the contest. No oral time warnings, blackboard indications, or any other type of remaining time notations shall be employed. If all the contestants agree to its absence, this clock may be omitted. d. At least thirty minutes before the actual beginning of the contest, the contestants, coaches, graders, and other interested individuals shall be gathered together in the contest room, and the rules shall be rehearsed. Free asking of questions shall be permitted to see that all concerned are agreed as to the manner of conducting the contest, the point system of grading, the method of breaking ties, and all other items concerning the contest. If a con­ference precedes a contest within 24 hours, and if the rules are rehearsed at this conference, a pre-contest rehearsal may be eliminated. However, a ques­tion period immediately preceding the contest shall be permitted. e. When the contest is about to begin, all individuals with the exception of the contestants, the Slide Rule Contest Director, and one grader shall be excluded from the contest room; throughout the actual contest, only these individuals last mentioned may remain in the contest room. The other graders (if there be any) or other individuals (if there be no available graders for this duty) shall be stationed outside the contest room to act as sergeants-at-arms to effect quietness throughout the actual conduct of the contest. f. The envelope containing the slide rule contest literature shall be opened and the sheet or sheets for tabulation of results shall be removed. These sheets provide a method of preserving the identity of the contestants. The contest director shall number the folded contest papers on the outside and keep memoranda on above mentioned result sheets of the name, address, and school of each contestant to correspond to the numbers respectively as­signed, so that at the close of the contest the papers may be identified readily. g. The contestants orally shall be given the following last-minute in· structions: (1) Write your answers in the dotted blanks provided to the right of each problem. (2) No oral time warnings or blackboard time tabulations shall be given; if you desire to see the amount of remaining time in the contest, you may refer to the large electric clock or to your own watch. (3) If you finish the contest before the end of the allotted time, re­main at your seat and retain your paper until told to do other­wise. You may use this time to check your answers if you desire. (4) Keep your papers folded at all times except when told to do otherwise; this is particularly important while the contest pa­pers are being distributed but before the signal to begin the contest has been given. (5) If you are in the process of actually writing down an answer when the quitting signal is given, you may complete writing down the digits of your answer; however, you will not be per­mitted to determine the decimal placement unless you already· know its location before the quitting signal is given. ( 6) In solving combination problems involving successive steps, it is permissible for you to write down any successive results. In fact, you may place as many notations as you desire anywhere on the contest paper with the exception of the dotted line answer spaces which are reserved for answer only. You may not use any addi­tional scratch paper. (7) Use the actual decimal point to indicate decimal placement; do not use powers of ten. ( 8) Remember that if you skip a problem, you will be penalized five points. (9) During the contest proper, no questions may be asked or answered. h. Hand out the contest papers by orally calling out the serial numbers and having each contestant identify his. Warn the contestants that the con­test is about to begin. i. Give the signal starting the contest in a manner that is well understood by all contestants. In a clear voice announce, "The contest is about to begin. Get ready. Unfold your paper now and begin." j. Give the "Instructions for Graders for the Slide Rule Contests," en· closed in the contest package, to the grader in order that he may refresh himself concerning the grading of the contest. k. Exactly thirty minutes after the beginning signal has been given, give the signal ending the contest. Announce clearly, "Stop. Fold your pa­pers immediately and turn them in to me." I. Answer no questions concerning the contest at this time. m. Exclude all individuals from the room with the exception of the Slide Rule Contest Director and the graders. This applies to contestants, coaches, parents, friends, and all other individuals. n. Remove the answer key from the contest envelope and proceed to grade the contest papers. Allow adequate time for careful, accurate grading of the papers; do not sacrifice accuracy for speed. Double check the grad­ing to be sure that no errors have been made. o. Record the net scores on the outside of each contest paper. p. First place goes to the contestant making the highest net grade; sec­ond place goes to the contestant making the next highest net grade; third place to the next highest and so on. q. In the event two or more contestants are tied for first, second, and/ or third place, call into the room those contestants involved in the ties and give them the ten-minute tie-breaking contest provided in the contest envelope. Follow items Sa through Sp listed above insofar as they apply to the tie­breaking contest, permitting each contestant to be identified by the same number as that which he used for the regular contest. In the event a tie still remains after the first tie-breaking contest has been given and graded, an ad­ditional tie-breaking contest shall be given to only those concerned with the remaining tie; the Slide Rule Contest Director shall determine the fifteen additional problems to be given on this additional ten-minute tie-breaking contest; if he wishes, he may take fifteen problems from the regular thirty­minute contest for the additional tie-breaker. This process shall continue until no ties remain in the first three places of the contest. As a matter of interpretation, if two individuals are tied for first place on the regular thirty­minute contest, the one receiving the higher net grade on the tie-breaking contest receives first place and the other receives second place in the general contest. If two individuals are tied for third place on the general thirty­minute contest, after distribution of first and second place, either by no ties existing or by the results of the tie-breaking contest, the individual making the higher grade on the tie-breaking contest shall receive third place, and the other individual shall not place at all. r. After all papers have been graded and no ties remain in the first three places, completely fill out the remaining blanks on the tabulation of results sheet. Prepare a list of winners and their schools. s. Gather all contestants, graders, coaches, and other interested parties in the contest room and announce the winners of the contest, that is, the names of the contestants making the first three places and their net scores. Contestants should be permitted to examine their papers if they desire, but they are not permitted to retain them. Permit discussion concerning the con­test. If it is evident that any errors have been made, correct them and be sure that all contestants are informed of their correction. t. Gather all used contest papers so that none may be retained by the contestants, coaches, or other interested party; these shall be destroyed. u. All unused contest papers and answer keys may be distributed or destroyed by the contest director as he sees fit. v. The instructions for graders shall be retained for future use of the slide rule coaches. w. The tabulation of results sheet and the list of winners and their schools shall be given to the Director General. 6. Grading the Contests.-Adequate time for careful, accurate grading shall be taken. Accuracy shall not be sacrificed for speed. The State Office of the University Interscholastic League will provide the graders with a list of the correct answers; this list shall be included with each regular contest and tie-breaking contest envelope. The grading of all papers and the deter­mination of the net grades shall be double-checked to reduce the possibility of errors. For the sake of uniformity and freedom of argument, all grading shall be done according to answers written on the answer key, unless the contest director desires to contact the State Slide Rule Chairman by telephone for a corrected answer. If the latter option is selected, the corrected answer must be received from the State Slide Rule Chairman as soon after the completion of the Slide Rule Contest as practical but in no case later than four hours after the completion of the contest. In the absence of a corrected answer from the State Slide Rule Chairman, all grading must be done according to the answer printed on the answer key, even in the case of an obviously in­correct answer if such ever is the case. Any telephone calls to the State Slide Rule Chairman will be made at neither his expense nor that of the Univer­sity Interscholastic League. The papers of all contestants in the district, regional, and state slide rule contests and in all tie-breaking contests shall be graded uniformly on the following basis: a. The first significant digit is defined as that digit other than zero which first occurs in the number. The first significant digit of 83.4 is 8. The first significant digit of 0.00428 is 4. b. Three significant digit accuracy shall be required on each problem. If the answer of a problem has just one or two significant digits, the addition of two or one zeros should be used to indicate accuracy to three significant figures. If the answer is 25, to indicate three significant figures it should be written as 25.0. If the answer is 0.04, to indicate three significant figures it should be written as 0.0400. c. The gross grade is the addition of positive points. The negative or subtractive grading system shall not be used except in the two cases men­tioned in Paragraphs 6e and 6m below. d. The maximum point value for any answer is 5 points; the maximum amount that can be subtracted for any one answer is 1 point as indicated in Paragraphs 6e and 6m below. e. If the first significant digit in the contestant's answer is incorrect ac­cording to the range of acceptable answers given in the answer key, no posi­tive credit shall be given for this problem; in this case 1 point shall be de­ducted from the contestant's gross grade. See Paragraph 6m below. £. l£ only the first significant digit in the answer is correct according to the range of acceptable answers given in the answer key and i£ the decimal point is placed correctly, a value of 3 points shall be given for the problem. g. If only the first two significant digits in the answer are correct accord­ing to the range of acceptable answers given in the answer key and if the decimal point is placed correctly, a value of 4 points shall be given for the problem. h. If each of the first three significant digits in the answer is correct ac­cording to the range of acceptable answers given in the answer key and if the decimal point is placed correctly, a value of 5 points shall be given for the problem. i. If only the first significant digit in the answer is correct according to range of acceptable answers given in the answer key and if the decimal point is placed incorrectly or omitted entirely, a value of 1 point shall be given for the problem. j. If the first two significant digits in the answer are correct according to the range of acceptable answers given in the answer key and if the decimal point is placed incorrectly or omitted entirely, a value of 2 points shall be given for the problem. k. If each of the first three significant digits in the answer are correct according to the range of acceptable answers given in the answer key and if the decimal point is placed incorrectly or omitted entirely, a value of 3 points shall be given for the problem. I. An answer must be written in the space provided to the right of the problem before any credit shall be given for the problem; in this case where the answer has been written but in the incorrect place, the problem shall be counted as having been skipped; see Paragraph 6m below. m. The sum of the points awarded for each problem shall constitute the gross score of the contestant. From the gross score, 1 point shall be deducted for each problem skipped and 1 point shall be deducted for each answer in which the first significant digit is incorrect according to the range of answers given in the answer key; the latter previously had been mentioned in paragraph 6e. Those problems occurring after the last problem solved or attempted are not considered skipped, hence no deduction shall be made for them. In the case of Paragraph 6e where an attempt at a solution has been made or where the solution has been determined but neither the attempt nor the solution are written in the proper place for answer, the problem shall be considered skipped and 5 points shall be deducted. n. An illegible figure shall be counted as an incorrect digit. To deter­mine whether or not a figure is illegible, place a blank piece of white paper on either side of it, thus separating it from its context, and then if the grader cannot identify the figure, it shall be couiited as an incorrect digit. 7. Qualification.-District winners in each conference qualify for re­gional meets and regional winners for the State Meet in acordance with the schedule provided in Rules 19 and 23 of the Spring Meet Plan. 8. Graders.-A committee of competent and unbiased graders shall be appointed by the Director General of the meet to grade the papers produced in the contest and to report grades to the contest director. This committee generally should have three members, but in cases of very small number of slide rule contestants in any one contest, one or two graders may be all that are necessary. The contest director should choose the graders in advance of the meet and should use every effort to induce the graders to familiarize them­selves with the rules. See Paragraph 5a. 9. Assistance.-a. Approximately sixty slide rule practice tests for use in teaching of slide rule operations and in preparing the contestants for the slide rule contests are available from the University Interscholastic League, Bureau of Public School Service, The University of Texas, Austin 12, Texas. Answer keys are available for each practice test. The cost of each test and its answer key is found in the League publication lists. It is contemplated that each year additional slide rule practice tests will become available. Write the University Interscholastic League for an index of and information con· cerning these practice tests. A school will be limited to one dozen from each set at the prices quoted. b. In addition to the manuals available from the manufacturers of slide rules, the following four publications are recommended for additional aid in slide rule instruction: Dana and Hillyard, "Engineering Problems Manual," fourth edition, 1947. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 330 West 42nd Street, New York 18, New York. This printed book contains approximately 29 pages of slide rule instruction in addition to approximately 384 additional pages of ele­ mentary general engineering problems and tables. Leach and Beakley, "The SlUJe Rule," 1953, The Macmillan Company, New York. This book contains 44 pages of slide rule practice problems and instruction; 50 cents per copy. Machavina, "A Manual for the Slide Rule," first edition, 1950. McGraw. Hill Book Company, Inc., 330 West 42nd Street, New York 18, New York. This printed book contains 64 pages of slide rule instruction in addition to approximately 12 pages of slide rule practice problems. An excellent discus· sion of decimal placement appears in this book. Kreisle, "Beginner's Slide Rule Manual," Bulletin 5217, Sept. 1, 1952, Bureau of Public School Service, Extension Building 103, The University' of Texas, Austin 12, Texas; 50 cents per copy, postpaid. This publication con­sists of 46 pages of slide rule instruction and practice problems. c. The use of slides and sound motion pictures is of great assistance in giving adequate slide rule instruction. The following two 16mm sound-on· film motion pictures are available from the Visual Instruction Bureau, The University of Texas, Austin 12, Texas: SO 1950 "The Slide Rule," 25 minutes showing time, black and white; $2.50 rental charge. This film explains the parts and markings of a standard 10-inch straight slide rule as well as the use of the C and D scales for multi­plication, division, or a combination of the two. SO 1949 "The Slide Rule," 21 minutes showing time, black and white; $2.00 rental charge. This film explains percentage, proportion, squares and square roots in the use of a standard 10-inch straight slide rule. d. Large scale demonstration slide rules frequently are available upon permanent loan or moderate charge from the following manufacturers of slide rules: Kueffel and Esser Company, Hoboken, New Jersey. Pickett and Eckel, Inc., 1111 South Fremont Avenue, Alhambra, Cali­fornia. 10. Additional /nformation.-Any additional information concerning the slide rule contests may be obtained from the University Interscholastic League, Bureau of Public School Service, The University of Texas, Austin 12, Texas. Typing Contest The f.ommercial Teachers Section of the State Teachers Association at its meeting in November, 1925, passed a resolution requesting the University Interscholastic League to undertake district and State typewriting tourna­ments for high schools in Texas. In co-operation with the College of Business Administration of The Uni­versity of Texas, the League has conducted a series of county, district, and regional tournaments and a State Tournament each year since 1927. 1. Only Accredited Schools Eligible.-This contest is open only to schools accorded credit in typing; according to the current issue of the Texas Education Agency bulletin, entitled, "Standards and Activities of the Divi­sion of Supervision," and which follow the time-schedule required by the State Department, viz., single-or double-period five days per week for thirty­six weeks during the year. 2. Representation.-Each school entering the contest shall be required to enter two, as a minimum in the district meet. Schools having an enrollment of more than thirty in first year typing on January 1 shall add one additional pupil for every thirty or fraction thereof enrolled in excess of thirty, up to five entries. No school shall enter less than two or more than five contestants. Pupils having had regular instruction in typing prior to September 1, and pupils who will be graduated at mid-term are not counted on this enrollment. (For "enrollment," see Art. VII, Sec. 19.) 3. Eligibility.-Only those pupils eligible under Article VIII of the Con­stitution shall be permitted to enter this contest, and only those who have had no regular instruction in typing prior to September 1, last. Section 13, Arti­cle VIII, does not apply to typing contestants, provided the contestant is representing the high school nearest to his home accredited in typing. Each teacher entering a contestant must be certain that the contestant has had no typing instruction before September l, last. 4. Qualification.-District winners in each Conference qualify for re­gional meets and regional winners for the State Meet in accordance with schedule provided in Article IX, Sections 1-5. Individuals are qualified to enter the next higher meet. 5. State Meet.-Those individuals qualified as indicated in the foregoing paragraph meet for a state championship tournament during the State Meet of the League. Contestants must have their machines set up in Waggener Hall 216 by 4 o'clock the afternoon preceding the contest. The contestants, coach, or someone designated by either of them should check the machine to determine that it is in good working condition. The director of this tourna­ment is Miss Florence Stullken, of the College of Business Administration, The University of Texas. 6. General Rule.-The International Contest Rules for checking the er­rors are followed. The important points are herein set down and somewhat clarified to fit our particular requirements. These rules shall govern in all League typing meets. Every word omitted, inserted, misspelled, or in any way changed from the printed copy shall be penalized. (An error in the printed copy may be corrected or copied as printed.) Only one error shall be charged for any one word except in case of rewritten or transposed mat­ter, when not more than one additional error shall he charged for the rewrit­ing or transposition, and count one error for each error in the rewritten ma· terial. Each error due to faulty machines is to be penalized. 7. Contestants Numbered.-Each contestant shall be given a number and that number placed on his contest sheet, so that the identity of the individual is withheld from the judges until the awards are made. 8. Length of Test.-All tests must be exactly 12 minutes in length. Typ· ing must cease at the closing signal, even if a word is not completed. No er· ror is counted for the incomplete word. If the contestant continues to write, his paper shall be penalized one error. 9. Computation by Strokes and Accuracy.-From the gross number of strokes of the printed test material deduct fifty strokes for each error made. The net number of words will be found by dividing the net number of strokes by 5 (the average number of strokes for each word). Divide the result by 12 (the number of minutes) to get the net rate per minute. Or, divide the gross number of strokes by 5. This will give you the gross number of words writ­ten. From this figure deduct the penalty-IO times the number of errors. Divide this result by 12 to get the net words per minute. 10. Final Rating.-The final rating, however, shall he based upon both speed and accuracy. To the net words per minute shall be added the per­centage of accuracy for the final score. To find the percentage of accuracy, subtract the penalty from the number of words written and divide the total words written into the total correct words written. Example: The student writes 700 words with 3 errors; correct words written 670 (700 minus 30), divided by total words, 700, equals .9571; move the decimal point two places to right-95.71, which is the percentage of accuracy. In this example the student's speed is 55.83 (670 divided by 12). The speed, 55.83, plus the percentage of accuracy, 95.71, equals the student's score, 151.54. The rank­ings must be based upon this score. 11. Size of Page.-A page 81h x 14 inches shall be used. Write only on one side of each page. Contestant must furnish his own paper except at State Meet. 12. Spacing.-All work shall have double spacing. One error shall be counted for every line not properly spaced. 13. Length of Line.-Each line, except the last line in a paragraph, shall contain not less than 61 strokes nor more than 76. The space-counting of line­length begins with the first word in that line. Do not count a space after the last word of a line when measuring line-length-a good typist returns the carriage without making a thumb-space. One error shall be counted for each line not qualifying. The five spaces indented at the beginning of a paragraph cannot be counted in measuring the strokes of the line. 14. Paragraphing.-Paragraphs shall be indented five spaces. One error shall be counted for every irregularity. 15. Length of Page.-Each page, except the last, shall contain at least thirty-three lines of writing. Only one error is charged for a "short" page­not one error for each line the page is short. A contestant may use a warn­ing mark for the bottom of the page. 16. Marking of errors.-Each error shall be indicated by drawing a circle around the error, but touching no part of it. 17. Spacing after Punctuation.-Two spaces follow all end punctuation marks. All other points have one space, except a dash, which has no space either before or after it. (A dash is made by two strokes of the hyphen.) Either one or two spaces may be used after the colon. Any error in punc­tuation shall be penalized unless the preceding word has already been penalized. 18. Faulty Shifting and Cut Letters.-If only a part of a letter is seen, an error shall be charged. A lightly struck letter or character is no error if the entire character is visible. Any letters so near the edge of the paper that the whole letter does not appear on the paper shall be penalized-one error for each word. 19. Stikeovers and Erasures.-A strikeover or an erasure is an error and shall be penalized. 20. Margin.-Any irregularity in the left-hand margin is an error and shall be penalized. 21. Division of Words at the End of a Line.-Any word wrongly divided at the end of a line shall be penalized. Webster's New International Diction­ary, Second Edition, Merriam-Webster, Unabridged. 1945. 22. Crowding and Piling.-1£ a word occupies less than its proper num­ber of spaces, it shall be penalized one error. When two characters or a space and a character are so crowded that any portion of their bodies overlaps or would overlap were a character typed in the adjoining space, one error shall be deducted for this "piling." 23. Equipment.-Standard 11-inch carriage or portable machines may be used. Machine may have elite or pica type. Machine must have standard bell. A contestant may furnish his own table if he wishes to do so. 24. Starting Time.-All tests must start at the time set in the Official Pro­gram. Warming-up tests must be given, but just one official test may be counted in any meet. Definite signals for the beginning and the ending of the official test must be agreed upon and given. 25. Test.-AII contestants, regardless of classification of school, should take the same test at the same time. The official material must not be practiced before the test; this material must he opened in the presence of the contestants. 26. Graders.-It is the responsibility of the contest director to get the papers graded, and he may select the graders he needs. The teachers who have contestants make the best graders at the State Meet. All teachers having entries and all contestants must be permitted to examine all papers-par­ticularly their own papers-be/ore the final scores are announced officially. If no satisfactory decision can he made on a paper which appears to he ranked among the highest five, no announcement of results should he made until the paper has been sent to the State Director for review. 27. Directors.-Directors must read and follow all rules. They must re­frain from exercising their personal opinions. The director of the contest may select assistants to help get ready for the tests. While the final warming­up test and the official test are given, only the director or one person ap­pointed by the director (not a teacher with an entry) shall remain in the room. The director of each contest or his appointee shall make a final review of papers before the final results are announced. After official announcement of winners has been released, no change can he made in the first five places. Directors will receive contest material from the Director General of the meet who receives it from League Headquarters, Austin. Shorthand Contest At the dinner of the Commercial Teachers of the State of Texas, on the evening of May 1, 1936, at the Driskill Hotel, Austin, a resolution was passed requesting the University Interscholastic League to undertake coun­ty, district, regional, and State shorthand tournaments for high schools in Texas. 1. Only Accredited Schools Eligible.-This contest is open only to schools accorded credit in shorthand by the Texas Education Agency, and which follow the time schedule required by the Agency, viz., single-or double­period five days per week for thirty-six weeks during the year. 2. Representation.-Each school entering the contest shall be required to enter two, as a minimum. Schools having an enrollment of more than thirty in first-year shorthand on January 1 shall add one additional pupil for every thirty or fraction thereof enrolled in excess of thirty, provided not more than five are entered from any one school. Pupils having had regular instruction in shorthand prior to September 1, and pupils who will be grad­uated at mid-term are not counted on this enrollment. (For "enrollment," see Art. VII, Sec. 19.) 3. Eligibility.-Only those pupils eligible under Article VIII of the Con­stitution shall be permitted to enter this contest, and only those who have had no regular instruction in shorthand prior to September 1, last. Section 13, Article VIII, does not apply to shorthand contestants, provided the con­testant is representing the high school nearest to his home accredited in shorthand. Only manual shorthand contestants are eligible to enter this contest. 4. Qualification.-District winners in each Conference qualify for re­gional meets and regional winners for the State Meet in accordance with schedule provided in rules 19 and 23 of the Spring Meet Plan. Individuals qualify to enter the next higher meet. 5. State Meet.-Those individuals qualified as indicated in paragraph 2 above, meet for a state championship tournament during the State Meet of the League. The director of this tournament is Miss Florence Stullken, of the College of Business Administration, The University of Texas. 6. General Rule.-The following points taken from the National Short­hand Reporters' Association rules for correcting shorthand contest transcrip­tion, are herein set down because they fit the particular requirements of the League shorthand meets: a. Every word omitted, inserted, or transposed, or in any way changed from the printed copy shall be penalized. b. The transcript must be punctuated sufficiently to make sense. c. All transcripts must be typewritten, double spaced, and on only one side of the sheet. Lines should be about 65 strokes-though no error is charged for the length of a line in the transcript. Extra spacing between words is permissible; but words written together constitute an error. d. Misspelled words shall be penalized. The contestant is urged to bring a standard dictionary to the transcription period. The omis­sion of an apostrophe constitutes a misspelled word. e. Figures are counted as they are read-"38" is counted as two words. Figures may be spelled. A mistake on one of the figures, therefore, shall constitute but one error. "1923" (nineteen hun­dred twenty-three) is counted as four words. The writing of "1922" for "1923" should be one error only. The writing of "1823" for "1923" should be, similarly, one error. The writing of" 1819" for "1923" should be three errors; and if every figure were wrong in the date, four errors should be charged. f. Errors are not charged both for the transcribing of wrong words and for the insertion of others on the same construction. For in­stance, the checker should count the number of words incorrectly transcribed and that will be the total of errors on that construc­tion; but if the number of incorrect words the student transcribes on a particular construction exceeds the number of those he should have transcribed, he is charged always with the greater number. For instance, if he wrote "Secretary of State" for "the State," he should be charged two errors. It will be seen that he has properly transcribed "State," the only errors being the transcription of "Secretary of" for "the," and he is charged with the greater number, which is two. g. Any pencil or pen insertion or correction are to be counted as errors. Errors must be neatly erased before the corrections are inserted. No strikeout is permissible. Inserts may be written be­tween lines by using the diagonal as an indicator. h. In case of a tie, the contestant finishing in the shorter time is ranked above the other with the same percentage of accuracy. Should there be a tie of both accuracy and time, the neater paper is ranked above the other. i. Contestant must furnish his own paper except at State Meet where paper will be furnishd for transcribing. 7. Punctuation.-The following rules shall be observed in checking the transcripts: a. Commas will be dictated, and the contestant will be held re­sponsible for them. The word comma will be written into the dic­tation material, and the two syllables in the word will be counted in marking the copy for dictation. Since the comma after the complimentary close is optional, it will not be dictated. Either a colon or a comma may follow the salutation. The salutation may or may not be on a line by itself. b. Paragraphs will be dictated, and the contestant will be held re­sponsible for them. The word paragraph will be written into the dictation material, and the three syllables in the word will be counted in making the copy for dictation. c. Two words used together as an adjective shall be hyphenated only when followed by a noun. 8. Marking of Errors.-Words omitted should not be written; indicate omission by vertical lines between typed lines. Circle errors when possible -one or two words. 9. Contestants Numbered.-Each contestant shall be given a number and that number placed on his contest-sheet, so that the identity of the individual is witheld from the judges until the awards are made. 10. Length of Test.-All tests must be exactly 5 minutes in length. Warm­ing-up tests may be given, but just one official test may be counted in any district, regional, or in the State Meet. Official material must not be practiced before the test. The director must signify the beginning of the official test. 11. Computation.-The percentage of accuracy is determined by divid­ing the total number of correct words by the total number of words dictated. (Example: if the dictation is given at 70 words a minute for five minutes, the total number of words dictated will be 350. If there are 14 errors in the trans­cript, subtract 14 from 350, which will give 336 correct words; divide 336 by 350; this will give 96, the grade or the percentage of accuracy on this paper.) The time limit on the various transcription rates must be as follows: at 70 words, 45 minutes; at 80 words; 45 minutes; at 90 words, 55 minues; at 100 words, 1 hour. The contestants may, however, turn in their tran· scriptions before this time limit has expired. If there is a tie, the time element is considered in the final rating. For instance, one of the students may have needed 18 minutes to transcribe the material in the example given above, while another required only 14 minutes. The one finishing in the 14 minutes is ranked above the other. For this reason, close attention must be given to time; even seconds are important. 12. Seating Arrangement.-Two students from the same school shall not be allowed to sit next to or near each other during the transcription period. 13. Test.-All contestants, regardless of classification of school, should take the same test at the same time. After all papers are graded and rated, sort and rank according to class. 14. Rate of Dictation.-The contest material shall be dictated in the re­spective meets and conferences at the following rates per minute: District meets held prior to and including March 26, 70 words per minute; District meets held prior to and including April 16, 80 words per minute; Regional meets, 90 words per minute; State Meet, 100 words per minute. 15. Graders.-College students who have been especially trained in checking and rating papers according to the "Constitution and Rules of the Interscholastic League" may help grade contest papers. Teachers with entries make good graders. All teachers having entries and all contestants must be permitted to examine all papers before the final scores are announced officially. If no satisfactory decision can be made on a paper which appears to he ranked among the highest five, no announcement of results should he made until the paper has been sent to the State Director for review. 16. Dictators.-Every possible effort should be taken by directors to se­cure only experienced dictators for the contest. An experienced dictator is a shorthand teacher. The dictator should be permitted to read the dictation material through before starting the test. No teacher having entries in the contest shall be allowed to dictate the contest; nor are they permitted to re­main in the transcription room during the transcription period. Contestants should be told which are the warming-up drills and which is the contest proper. The material must be dictated evenly-that is, according to the desig­nated markings for each 15 sec011ds; however, a phrase should not be broken for the sake of exactness in timing. The dictator should be careful in the enunciation of word derivatives. 17. Directors.-Directors must read and follow all printed rules. They must refrain from exercising their personal opinions. Shorthand and typing contests must be scheduled at different times-at least one hour apart. It is advisable to have the typing contest precede the shorthand contest. Contests must he started at the time scheduled; late contestants forfeit the right to enter. Under no circumstances is a test to he delayed for a contestant who is scheduled in other contests at that same time. Before the contest, the director should get the names of all contestants entering and should provide adequate space for each contest; this place must be a quiet one. Two persons shall he appointed to check the dictator for variations in the printed copy. These may he teachers with entries. After the official announcement of winners has been released, no change can be made in the first five places. Directors will receive contest material from Director General who receives it from League Headquarters, Austin. Rules for Music Competition Introduction Rules and regulations for two types of music competition are outlined in this section. Each contest is designed as a culminating activity for a year's work in music instruction in the public schools. Instrumental and vocal competition for high schools and junior high schools will be conducted at Regional Music Competition-Festivals. All music competition for elementary schools will be conducted at area grade school music meets. Administrators and music teachers are encouraged to read these sections carefully to determine the value which may be received from motivating music instruction throPgh competition. The State Director of Music Activities for the Interscholastic League is anxious to be of assistance to the music teachers in providing teaching aids and suggestions which will make musical instruction more effective. Music competition will be organized, promoted and administered in the same manner as are other phases of the League program. Amendments and changes to the plan may be made from time to time upon the recommendation of such changes through the regular legislative machinery of the League. Member-schools desiring major changes in the plan will submit their proposals to the Legislative Advisory Council of the League for study. For legislative procedure, see Article IV, Section 5, and Article XIV and XV of the Constitution and Rules. General Regulations CODE: Participation in the League Competition-Festival implies that each member-school shall observe all the implications of fair play, courtesy and sportsmanship. Achieving the ultimate in excellence of a performance shall be the goal instead of winning. The competition is designed to mo­tivate music education throughout the year rather than to prepare for a contest. Directors shall use the Competition-Festival to encourage and teach music appreciation, technical ability, stage deportment, audience deportment and good citizenship in general. Competition-Festivals should assume and maintain a regular position as an agency for education and character build­ing in the general educational philosophy of the Public Schools. 1. Participation.-No school shall participate in the Interscholastic League Competition-Festivals whose acceptance card is not on file in the League office by December 1, and whose membership dues are not paid for the current year. Each individual school unit of a system must file an ac­ceptance card in order to become eligible for participation. Article III, Sec­tion 1, defines eligibility for League membership. Cards acknowledging receipt of acceptance cards will be sent out by the State Office. 1£ you do not receive such a card within a reasonable time, con­tact the State Office. Note: Schools which have filed an acceptance card the preceding Decem­ber are eligible to participate in marching contests held in the fall. New schools intending to enter marching contests may become eligible by notify­ing the State Office by letter prior to the contest. 2. Classification.-Participating schools shall be divided into the fol­lowing conferences: AAAA.-Organizations from high schools which during the preceding year had an average membership of 1,000 or more students in Grades 9-10­11-12. AAA.-Organizations from high schools which during the preceding year had an average membership of 500 to 1,000 students in Grades 9-10­11-12. AA.-Organizations from high schools which during the preceding year had an average membership of 225 to 500 students in Grades 9-10-11-12. A.-Organizations from high schools which during the preceding year had an average membership of 125 to 225 students in Grades 9-10-11-12. B.-Organizations from high schools which during the preceding year had an average membership of under 125 students in Grades 9-10-11-12. D.-High-school organizations which have been organized less than one year preceding the competition, or second bands, orchestras or choral groups no member of which has played or sung in a local group prior to September 1 of the current school year. CC.-Organizations from Junior High Schools qualifying under Article VII, Section 3 of the Constitution and Rules which during the preceding year had an average membership of 500 or more students in Grades 7-8-9. C.-Organizations from Junior High Schools qualifying under Article VII, Section 3 of the Constitution and Rules which during the preceding year had an average membership of 499 or less students in Grades 7-8-9. Note: Second Bands, Orchestras and Choral groups may participate in the competition and will be assigned to a Conference upon application to the State Office. Note : In case a composite group is used, the number of contestants trans­ferred to the competing music group from another school unit shall be added to the total enrollment of the competing school unit to determine classifi­cation. Note: Any participating organization may advance one classification higher for competition. No group may enter a lower Conference. An or­ganization must participate in all events in the classification assigned or chosen at the beginning of the year of competition. 3. Regions.-Texas shall be divided into twelve Regions for Com­petition as follows: Region I-Yoakum, Terry, Lynn, Garza, Dickens, King, Cottle, Hardeman, Bailey, Lamb, Hale, Floyd, Motley, Cottle and all counties enclosed. Region II-Borden, Mitchell, Sterling, Irion, Schleicher, Sutton, Kimble, Mason, San Saba, Mills, Hamilton, Erath, Palo Pinto, Stephens, Throckmorton, Knox, Foard, Stone· wall, Kent, and all counties enclosed. Region III-Hood, Somervell, Bosque, Coryell, Lampasas, Bell, Williamson, Milam, Robertson, Limestone, Freestone, Navarro, Ellis, Kaufman, Johnson and all counties enclosed. Region IV-Fannin, Hunt, Van Zandt, Henderson, Anderson, Cherokee, Nacogdoches, San Augustine, Sabine and all counties north and east. Region V-Houston, Leon, Brazos, Burleson, Washington, Austin, Wharton, Mata­gorda, Brazoria, Galveston, Harris, Montgomery, Walker and all counties enclosed. Region VI-Val Verde, Edwards, Kerr, Gillespie, Llano, Burnet, Travis, Lee, Fayette, Colorado, Lavaca, Dewitt, Karnes, Atascosa, LaSalle, Dimmit, Maverick, Kinney and all counties enclosed. Region VII-McMullen, Live Oak, Bee, Goliad, Victoria, Jackson, Calhoun, Kenedy, Brooks, Jim Hogg, Webb and all counties enclosed. Region VIIl---Gaines, Dawson, Howard, Glasscock, Reagan, Crockett, Terrell and all counties south and west. Region IX-Zapata, Willacy, Cameron, Hidalgo and Starr counties. Region X-Wilbarger, Baylor, Young, Jack, Parker, Tarrant, Dallas, Collin, Rockwall, Grayson and all counties enclosed. Region XI-Parmer, Cas•ro, Swisher, Briscoe, Hall, Childress and all counties north. Region XII-Newton, Jasper, Angelina, Trinity, San Jacinto, Polk, Tyler, Liberty, Hardin, Orange, Jefferson and Chambers counties. Competition-Festivals shall be held in each Region and organizations and individuals shall compete in Regions to which they are assigned. The State Executive Committee shall appoint in each Region an Executive Committee composed of seven school administrators. These members shall serve three year overlapping terms. Each committee shall elect its own chairman who shall serve a one-year term but may be re­elected. 4. Duties of Regional Executive Committee.-The Regional Executive Committee shall have general charge of the organization and management of the regional Competition-Festivals. It shall be the duty of this committee: a. To appoint a Band Contest Chairman, a Vocal Contest Chairman and an Orchestra Contest Chairman. b. To make all arrangements for the Regional Competition-Festival rela­tive to place, time, judges, entries, and finance. c. To enforce all rules and regulations, to settle all disputes and all questions of eligibility arising inside the region. There shall be no appeal from any decision rendered by this committee. d. To investigate and check the eligibility of contestants. e. To canvass schools for entries and to co-operate with schools in effecting and promoting Regional Competition-Festivals. f. To correspond with the State Office with regard to the interests of the work. g. To work in general toward making the Regional Competition-Festivals worth while in and by themselves. h. To certify to the State Office all ratings awarded at the Regional Com­petition-Festivals. i. To distribute all awards, ratings and judges comments to the par­ticipating schools. j. To file a complete financial report with the State Office. 5. Expenses of the Regional Committee.-The Regional Executive Com­mittee has authority to outline and put into operation a plan for financing its own meetings. 6. Duties of Contest Chairmen.-It shall be the duty of the vocal contest chairman, the orchestra contest chairman and the band contest chairman to submit recommendations to the Regional Executive Committee relative to the place, time, judges, entries, financing and general plans for the Re­gional Competition-Festival; and, to conduct the Competition-Festival ac­cording to plan and schedule. 7. Eligibility.-All eligibility regulations outlined in Article VIII of the Constitution of the Interscholastic League shall apply to League Music Competition-Festivals. Superintendents or principals shall certify the con­testants at the time of their entry into the Regional Competition-Festival. (Note: Article VIII, Section 8, Section 11, Section 12, and Section 14 apply only to the specific contests stated therein.) 8. Regional F ees.-Each Regional Executive Committee shall have the authority to assess and collect such fees as are decided advisable for the operation of the Regional Competition. Proper officers may be designated by the Executive Committee to receive and dispense these fees. 9. Rebate to the Regional Meet.-All funds collected by the Executive Committee from concessions, admissions and fees at the Regional Com­petition-Festivals in excess of the amount necessary to defray the incidental expenses of the meet may be prorated up to 100 per cent to the participating schools on the basis of 10 cents per mile both ways. 10. Selection of ludges.-Each Regional Executive Committee shall have the authority to select and contact judges for the regional competitions. The Executive Committee shall set the amount of fee paid to any judge. 11. fudging Standards.-All Regions shall be guided by the Bulletin, Standards of Adjudication, published by the National Interscholastic Music Activities Commission in establishing basic standards of judging. Each competing soloist, ensemble or organization shall be assigned a rating desig­nating the excellence of its performance as follows: Division I, Superior. The best conceivable performance for the event and the class of participants being judged; worthy of the distinction of being recognized as a first-place winner. Thi& rating might be compared to a percentage grade of 95--100. Division II, Excellent. An unusual performance in many respects but not worthy of the highest rating due to minor defects in performance or ineffective interpretation. A performance of distinctive quality. This rating might be compared to a grade of 87-94. Division III, Good. A good performance, but not outstanding. Showing accomplish­ment and marked promise, but lacking in one or more essential qualities. This rating might be compared to a grade of 80-86. Division IV, Fair. An average performance, but not worthy of a higher rating because of basic weaknesses in most of the fundamental factors listed on the score sheet. Com­parable to a grade of 75--79. Division V, Below Average. Much room for improvement. The Director should check his methods, instrumentation, etc. with those of more mature organizations. Definition of Points Judged Interpretation: Adherence to the traditional interpretation of the com­position, inclusive of tonal balance and precision, phrasing, rate of speed or tempo, expressional features, etc. Tone: Beauty of tonal quality of the various instruments, or voices and of the organization as a whole. Intonation: Correctness of pitch, or playing in tune. General Effect: A general rating as to the artistic effectiveness of the per­formance. A performance may be very effective though contrary to tradition as to interpretation, or a traditional interpretation may lack life or spirit, or physical features may detract, such as poor position of performer or con· ductor. Chart for Computing Ratings Three Judges ­ Five Ratings Rating I Rating II Rating III Rating IV Rating V 1-1-1 1-2-2 1-3-3 1-4--4 1-5-5 1-1-2 1-2-3 1-3-4 1~5 2-5-5 1-1-3 1-2-4 1-3-5 2-4--4 3-5-5 1-1-4 1-2-5 2-3-3 2~5 4-5-5 1-1-5 2-2-2 2-3-4 3-4--4 5-5-5 2-2-3 2-3-5 3~5 2-2-4 3-3-3 4-4-4 2-2-5 3-3-4 4-4-5 3-3-5 Adjudication blanks will be provided free of charge by the State Office. 12. Composite Groups.-Composite groups are allowed in any classi­fication except AAAA. No high-school or junior high-school contestant, however, may be used in a lower classification. Note: Schools in all conferences may use composite groups in orchestra competition. In case a composite group is used, the number of contestants transferred to the competing music group from another school unit shall be added to the total enrollment of the competing school unit to determine classification. No student shall compete for ratings in two bands or two orchestras. 13. Additional Competition.-Member organizations may enter a maxi­mum of two competitions in addition to The University Interscholastic League Regional Competition-Festival. A competition is defined as any contest or festival where one organization is rated or judged in comparison with another group or with a standard of performance. 14. Observe Rules.-Each school shall observe faithfully all rules con­tained in Article VIII of the Constitution and Rules. In case an ineligible contestant is used in any Competition-Festival, knowingly or unknowingly, the minimum penalty shall be forfeiture of the rating. 15. Protests.-All protests must be made to the proper committee within twenty-four hours after the organization performs, except that a protest based on the alleged ineligibility of a contestant may be made at any time; provided, it is made immediately upon discovery of the facts on which the protest is based. Protests must be made in writing and signed by a superin­tendent or principal. A protest based on a judge's decision will not be con­sidered. 16. Entries.-All entries must be made in duplicate and both the original and the duplicate must be postmarked no later than 21 days preceding the announced date of the event. Original entries, with fees attached, must be mailed to the Regional Contest Director and duplicate entries are mailed to the State Office. Beginning with the school year, 1954-55, the State Office will not certify entries listed on duplicates which were not postmarked at least 21 days prior to the announced date of the event. 17. Awards.-The following schedule of awards is recommended as the standard to be used in Regional Competition-Festivals: The Special Award may be presented only to Class AAAA, AAA, AA, A and B Bands achieving a Division I rating in marching, sight-reading and concert performance and to Class AAAA, AAA, AA, A and B Orchestras and Choral Groups earning a Division I rating in sight-reading and concert per· formance. Any group not qualifying for the Special Award but earning a Division I rating in any individual organization event may be presented an Event Award. Any organization achieving a Division II rating in any event is eligible to receive an Organization Certificate. These certificates will be furnished free of charge to the Regions by the State Office. A Gold Medal may be presented to a Class I soloist or a member of a Class I ensemble (except Twirling) who earns a Division I rating. Any student conductor, vocal or instrumental soloist or member of a vocal or instrumental ensemble earning a Division I rating in Class II competition may be given a Silver Medal. Bronze Medals may be presented to any student from a Conference C or CC organization who achieves a Division I rating in Class III instrumental or vocal solos or ensembles. Specially designed medals are available for presentation to Division I winners in High School and Junior High Twirling events. Only these medals may be presented to winners in Twirling. Individual Certificates may be presented to any soloist or member of an ensemble of any class who achieves a Division II rating in any event. These certificates may be secured by the Contest Chairman from the State Office at no cost. Special Rules Governing Solo Competition 18. Qualification.-A maximum of 20% of the number of students entered in a band, orchestra or choir in the Regional Competition-Festival may be entered in regional solo competition without previous qualification. Additional soloists over the 20% limitation must be certified from a District Audition. There is no limitation on the number of students who may be entered and certified from District Auditions. A local director may elect to enter his entire g·oup of soloists in an audition and not take advantage of the 20% exemption. In case this procedure is elected, only those students who are certified may enter the regional contest whether or not this number amounts to 20% of the competing band, orchestra or choir. Twirling and Student Conducting are considered separate solo events and are not cur­rently subject to the limitation stated in this paragraph. 19. Membership.-All soloists competing in Approved Solo Events Num­bers 1 through 24 under Rule 27 must be members of a competing band or orchestra. Soloists entering Approved Solo Events Numbers 25 through 29 must be members of a competing orchestra and soloists entering Approved Solo Events Numbers 30 through 36 must be members of a competing choral group. Twirling soloists, Event Number 37, must be members of a competing band. Piano soloists and student conductors, Events Numbers 38 and 39, must be members of either a competing band, orchestra or choral group. (Exception : Where there is no organized parent group in the school pro­viding a place for a particular soloist as listed previously, that student may enter the competition provided a music acceptance card has been filed, mem­bership fees have been paid and provided an affidavit is executed by the Prin­cipal or Superintendent stating that there is no parent organization in the school. This affidavit must be attached to the duplicate of the official entry blank.) 20. Classification.-Solo events will grouped in four divisions, band, orchestra, vocal and miscellaneous. Three classes of competition will be held in the band, orchestra and vocal divisions and for piano in the mis­cellaneous division: Class I competition may be entered by any student. Selections to be per­formed must be taken from the prescribed lists for Class I competition. No other numbers will be permitted. Class II competition may be entered by any student who has not previously earned a Division I Rating in this class of competition. Selections to be per­formed must be taken from the prescribed lists for Class II competition. Class III competition may be entered by students who are competing with Conferences C or CC bands, orchestras or choral groups or who are members of a composite group and are enrolled in Grade 9 or below. Class III con­testants must perform selections prescribed for this competition. There will be only two classes of competition in twirling, (1) High School and (2) Junior High School and below. Student Conducting will be confined to Class I competition. 21. Entry in District Auditions.-Entries in District Auditions ·must be made to the Director of Auditions only. Fees as set by the Regional Execu­tive Committee must be attached to the entries and postmarked no later than fourteen days preceding the announced date of the audition. Entry must be made for all soloists over and above the 20% exemption or for the entire group as stated in Rule 20. 22. Selections.-The required selections to be performed by all classes of soloists will be published in the early fall preceding the Competition­Festivals. Students who do not perform numbers appearing on the prescribed lists will be prohibited from entering the competition. Percussion, twirling and student conductor competition will be conducted in accordance with requirements listed under special sections in this bulletin. 23. Limitation.-A student may not participate in more than four solo or ensemble events. No more than two of these may be instrumental and no more than two vocal. Baton twirling and student conducting shall be con­sidered as separate events and may he entered in addition to the above limi­tations. No student may enter more than two twirling events. Only one of these may be a solo. Note: A student may not make two entries in the same solo event regardless of class of competition. He may, however, enter different solo events in the same or different classes of competition, i.e., Class I cornet solo and Class II oboe solo, Class I clarinet solo and Class I saxophone solo. 24. Performance Regulations.-All soloists shall conform with the fol­lowing miscellaneous requirements: a. Scores.-Each soloist shall supply the judge with one score of his se­lection with measures numbered. The judge is instructed not to permit per­formance to begin until he has received this score. b. Memory.-Contestants shall not be permitted to perform unless the selection can be rendered from memory. c. Repetition.-A soloist shall not repeat a number used by him during any previous three years. d. Time.-Playing or singing time shall not exceed 6 minutes. Judges may stop the performance and judge on the portion performed. e. Accompaniment.-Solos shall be accompanied by piano only. Di­rectors should limit the number of soloists one accompanist may assist. 25. Approved Solo Events.­ Band 1. Piccolo 13. Bass Saxophone 2. flute 14. Cornet-Trumpet 3. Oboe 15. French Horn 4. English Horn 16. Melloph6ne 5. Bassoon 17. Trombone 6. B-Flat Clarinet 18. Baritone 7. E-Flat Clarinet 19. Tuba 8. Alto Clarinet 20. Xylophone-Marimba 9. Bass Clarinet 21. Snare Drum 10. E-F1at Alto Saxophone 22. Vibra-Harp-Vibra-Celeste 11. B-Flat Tenor Saxophone 23. Bell-Lyre 12. Baritone Saxophone 24. E-Flat Alto Horn Orchestra 25. Violin 28. Double Bass 26. Viola 29. Harp 27. Violoncello Vocal 30. Girls High Voice 34. Boys Medium Voice 31. Girls Medium Voice 35. Boys Low Voice 32. Girls Low Voice 36. Boys Unchanged Voice 33. Boys High Voice Miscellaneous Competition 37. Twirling 39. Student Conductors 38. Piano Special Rules Governing Ensemble Competition 26. Definition.-An instrumental ensemble shall consist 0£ from three to eight performers. A vocal ensemble shall consist of from three to sixteen performers. A twirling ensemble shall consist of no more than six per· formers. 27. Qualification.-Any ensemble, the members 0£ which meet the eligibility requirements listed in Rule 7, and comply with the specific reg· ulations of this division, may be entered direct in the Regional Ensemble Competition. 28. Membership.-All members 0£ ensembles competing in Approved Ensemble Events Numbers 1 through 18 under Rule 34 must be members of a competing band or orchestra. Members of ensembles entering Approved Ensemble Events Numbers 19 through 24 must be members 0£ a competing orchestra and members of ensembles entering Approved Ensemble Events Numbers 25 through 27 must be members 0£ a competing choral group. Members of twirling ensembles, Event Number 28 must be members of a competing band. The Exception stated under Rule 19 is applicable to en· semhles. 29. Classification.-Ensemble events shall he grouped in four Divisions: hand, orchestra, vocal and miscellaneous. Three classes 0£ competition will be held in the first three divisions: Class I competition may be entered by any ensemble. Selections to be per­formed must he taken from the prescribed list for Class I competition. No other numbers will be permitted. Class II ensemble competition may be entered by any ensemble the ma­jority of whose members have not previously participated in a Class II en· semble which earned a Division I rating. Selections to he performed must be taken from the prescribed list for Class II competition. Class Ill ensemble competition may be entered by students who are com­peting with Conference C or CC hands, orchestras or choral groups or who are members of a composite group and are enrolled in Grade 9 or below. Class III ensembles must perform selections prescribed for this class of competition. There will he only two classes of Twirling Ensembles: (1) High School and (2) Junior High School and below. These ensembles may not include more than six performers. 30. Entry in Regional Ensemble Competition.-Schools entering en­sembles in Regional Ensemble Competition will prepare duplicate entry blanks. The original copy will be mailed to the Regional Contest Director accompanied by a check covering the prescribed entry fees. This blank must be postmarked no later than twenty-one days preceding the date announced for the competition. Duplicate ensemble entry blanks must be mailed to the State Office at the same time originals are mailed to Regional headquarters. No checks will accompany the duplicate blanks to the State Office. After the State Office has checked duplicate entry blanks, a certification and state­ment of eligibility on each entry will be mailed to the Regional Contest Di­rector. Regional Contest Directors are instructed not to enter any ensemble if a certification has not been received from the State Office. 31. Selection.-The required selections to be performed by all classes of ensembles will be published in the early fall preceding the Competition­Festivals. Groups which do not perform numbers appearing on the pre­scribed lists will be prohibited from participating in the competition. 32. Limitation.-A student may not participate in more than four solo and ensemble events. No more than two of these may be instrumental and no more than two vocal. An ensemble composed of the identical personnel may not make two entries in the same ensemble event regardless of the class of competition. Baton twirling and student conducting shall be considered as separate events and may be entered in addition to the above limitations. A student may not enter more than two twirling events both of which may be ensembles. 33. Performance Regulations.-All ensembles must conform with the following miscellaneous requirements: a. Scores.-Directors shall supply to the judge one conductor's score with measures numbered. The judge is instructed not to permit performance to begin until he has been supplied with such score. b. Time.-Playing or singing time shall not exceed 6 minutes. Judges may stop the performance and judge on the portion rendered. c. Memory.-Vocal ensembles shall perform their selections from memory. Instrumental ensembles may use scores. d. Repetition.-An ensemble may not play or sing a selection which ha:, been used as a contest selection by a similar ensemble from the same school in the previous year, unless half the members of the group did not participate in the ensemble the previous year. e. Direction.-Ensembles shall perform without direction by either an adult or a student director. f. Accompaniment.-Accompaniment is not required but must be by piano when used. 34. Approved Ensemble Events.­ Band 1. Woodwind Trio 11. French Horn Quartet 2. Woodwind Quartet 12. Brass Quartet 3. Flute Quartet 13. Brass Quintet 4. Mixed Clarinet Quartet 14. Brass Sextet 5. B·Flat Clarinet Quartet 15. Trumpet Quartet-Trio 6. Woodwind Quintet (with or without acc.) 7. Misc. Woodwind Ensemble 16. Misc. Brass Ensemble 8. Saxophone Quartet 17. Xylophone-Marimba 9. Saxophone Sextet 18. Drum Ensemble 10. Trombone Quartet Orchestra 19. String Trio (Violin, 22. String Sextet Cello and Piano) 23. Mixed-String Trio 20. String Quartet 24. Mixed-String Quartet 21. String Quintet (with or without piano acc.) Vocal 25. Mixed Ensemble 27. Boys Ensemble 26. Girls Ensemble Miscellaneous Competition 28. Baton Twirling (no more than six members) Special Rules Governing Organization Events 35. Number of Events.-Competition will be organized at each Regional Competition-Festival in the following organization events: a. Band d. Boys' Chorus b. Orchestra e. Girls' Chorus c. Mixed Chorus 36. Qualification.-Any band, orchestra or choir from a school unit which is a paid member of the League and which has filed a music acceptance card with the State Office prior to December 1 of the year of competition may be entered directly in the Regional Competition-Festival. All members of the competing organization must be eligible under the requirements listed in Rule 7 of this bulletin. 37. Entry in Regional Competition.-Schools entering organizations in the Regional Competition-Festival will prepare duplicate entry blanks. The original copy will be mailed to the Regional Contest Director accompanied by a check covering the prescribed entry fees. This blank must be postmarked no later than twenty-one days preceding the announced date for the com­petition. Duplicate entry blanks must be mailed to the State Office at the same time originals are mailed to Regional headquarters. No check will accompany duplicate blanks to the State Office. These regulations apply to all organizational entries including marching competition which may be held in the Fall of the year. After the State Office has checked duplicate entry blanks a certification on each entry will be mailed to the Regional Contest Chairman. Regional Contest Directors are instructed not to enter any organization if a certifi· cation has not been received from the State Office. 38. Performance Regulations.-Ail organizations must conform with the following miscellaneous requirements: a. Program.­ ( I) Band: Each band entering a Competition-Festival shall perform any two numbers appearing on the lists prescribed for the classification chosen. The band shall also perform a march of the quick-step variety of the di· rector's own selection. Conferences AAAA, AAA, AA, A and B organi· zations shall be required to sight-read. (2) Orchestra: Each orchestra entering a Competition-Festival is to per­form any two numbers appearing on the list prescribed for the classification chosen plus a third number for string orchestra selected from any source. Conferences AAAA, AAA, AA, A and B organizations shall be required to sightread. ( 3.) Vocal: Each choral group entering a meet is to perform any two numbers prescribed for the classification chosen to enter plus a third number of the director's selection from any source. One of the three numbers must be performed without accompaniment and all three may be. All numbers must be sung from memory. Conferences AAAA, AAA, AA, A and B choral groups are required to sight read one number. This number may be read with accompaniment. The director and accompanist will not be permitted to sing with the group unless they are eligible under Article VIII of the Constitution and Rules. b. Required Music.-Prescribed lists from which required numbers are to be taken will be constructed by appointed committees of music instructors prior to and at called meetings to be held during the summer months. The prescribed lists will be available in the early fall preceding the Com­petition-Festival. Organizations which do not conform to music requirements shall be pro­hibited from participating in Competition-Festivals. c. Sight Reading.-All organizations competing in AAAA, AAA, AA, A and B classifications will be required to enter a sight reading contest. Ratings received in sight reading will be published as a separate contest and will not affect the ratings received in the concert performance. Bands shall read one march and one selection, and orchestras and choruses one selection each. Information concerning the acquisition and cost of the sight reading music will be sent to the Contest and Regional Executive Chairmen prior to the competition. Adjudication blanks will be provided free of charge by the State Office. Sight reading will be judged on accuracy of reading and flexibility in fol­lowing the director. All choral groups will sight read with accompaniment. The procedures for conducting sight reading contests as outlined in the bulletin, Sight Reading Contests published by the National Interscholastic Music Activities Association shall be followed in conducting Regional con­tests. d. Performing Time.-The total performing time for orchestras and bands shall not exceed 30 minutes including time required to set up and clear the stage. Choruses shall not consume more than 15 minutes including entering and clearing the stage. e. Scores.-Directors shall supply each judge with a conductor's score of the numbers to be performed with the measures numbered. Judges are directed to delay the performance until such scores have been supplied. £. lnstrumentation.-While judges shall be instructed to criticize instru­mentation only in so far as it affects the balance and general effect of the performance, schools are encouraged to begin building their organizations to conform as closely as possible with accepted standards of instrumentation. The following patterns are suggested: Orchestra 16 14 First Violins Second Violins 8 2 String Basses Flutes 10 8 2 2 4 Violas Violoncellos Oarinets Bassoons French Horns 2 1 4 1 Oboes Tuba (perfer.ably BB-Flat) Percussion (including timpani) Harp (where called for in score) 2 3 Trumpets or Cornets Trombones 79 Band 5 Flutes (one or two interchangeable with piccolo) 1 E-Flat Clarinet (may be replaced by an E-Flat Flute or an additional C-Flute) 24 B-Flat Oarinets 2 Alto Clarinets 2 Bass Clarinets 2 Oboes 2 Bassoons 6 Saxophones (including two altos, one tenor and one baritone) 4 Cornets 4 Trumpets 2 Fluegelhorns 6 French Horns 4 Baritones 6 Trombones 2 E-Flat Tubas 4 BB-Flat Tubas (may substitute string bass) 1 Timpani 3 Other Percussion 1 Harp (if called for in score) 80 Rules for Special Contests 39. Marching Contest.­ a. Marching contests will be held in each Region. (While bands are not required to enter, they are encouraged to do so in order to promote a well­balanced program of band activity.) b. The time for the marching contest will be set by the Regional Executive Committee. c. Each member-school will be allowed one entry of the designated classi­fication in the marching contest. d. Each organization must perform the required movements and special formations within 7 minutes from the time of entering the parade field. It shall be the duty of the contest chairman to provide an adequate warning signal at the end of 6 minutes. Any band failing to be off the parade space at the end of 7 minutes shall be penalized one rating. e. Required Movements-­ I. Forward March 2. Halt while playing; continue to play 3. Halt while not playing 4. Column Right-while playing 5. Column Left-while playing 6. Counter-march-while playing 7. Diminish Front-while playing 8. Increase Front-while playing 9. Choice of: Right Oblique Left Oblique Column half right or left-while playing 10. Start and Cease Playing while marching f. Special Formations.-Each organization may perform such formations or drill as it selects provided it does not exceed the maximum time allowed for performance. g. lnspection.-lnspection will be made a part of the Marching Contest and will be held immediately preceding entry to the parade field. Bands will be inspected for: a. Neatness and uniformity of dress b. Condition of instrument c. Accomplishment of stationary commands d. Alertness to instructions e. Flexibility h. Adjudication blanks will be provided free of charge by the State Office. 40. Snare Drum Competition.­ a. Competition for snare drum shall be offered for both soloists and ensembles. An ensemble shall consist of from three to eight performers. Three classes of competition shall be held in both divisions, Class I, Class II and Class III. For a definition of these classes see Rule 20. b. To be eligible to participate in solo or ensemble competition in the Regional Competition-Festival, students must comply with Rules 18-25 of the Music Section. c. The required selections to be performed by all classes of soloists and ensembles will be published in the early fall preceding the District Au­ditions. Students who fail to perform one of the numbers appearing on the prescribed lists will be prohibited from entering the Regional Competition­Festival. The required work for this contest shall be based on the first thirteen of the twenty-six essential rudiments of the National Association of Rudimental Drummers' examination requirements. Required rudiments shall consist of any five of these which may be selected by the judge. In addition to these requirements, the soloist or ensemble shall be judged on the following points: ( 1) Interpretation and execution of the selected solo. (2) Proper position of drummer, drum and sticks; and the proper technique of drumming. (3) Performance of a short sight-reading exercise. 41. Twirling Competition.­ a. Competition in twirling shall be offered for both soloists and en­sembles. An ensemble shall consist of no more than six students. Only two classes of competition will be held in twirling: (1) High School and (2) Junior High School and under. b. To be eligible to participate in twirling solo or ensemble competition, students must comply with Rules 18-25 of the Music Section; conform to the special rules in this section and be a member of a competing band. c. Performance time for this event shall be limited to six minutes. d. Each contestant shal! perform each of the following movements: a. Beating time. b. Wrist twirl (both hands). c. Figure eight twirl (waist high, both hands) . d. Cart wheel. e. Finger twirl (both hands, four fingers). f. Two-handed twirl. g. Pass around back. h. Aerial work (as selected). i. Special work (as selected) . j. Salute. 42. Student Conductor Competition.­ a. Student conductor competition may be conducted for students in band, orchestra or choir. It is most frequently confined to band competition. b. Student conductors shall be prepared to conduct all or any part of one number. The prescribed number to be used by band student conductors is selected by the band music selection committee and appears in the bulletin which contains the prescribed lists of music. Choral and orchestra student conductors may select their own numbers. c. The student conductor shall be prepared to conduct: (1). 2-4 Rhythm (2). 3-4 Rhythm ( 3) . 4-4 Rhythm (4). 6-8 Rhythm ( 5) . Sub-divided beats d. Entry in this event is limited to two students per competing organiza­tion. e. The time, place and manner of conducting this contest will be deter­mined by the Regional Contest Chairman. Elementary School Area Musi.c Meets As a method of avoiding the confusion which has resulted from sponsor­ing similar music competition for elementary schools in different locations at about the same time of year, The University Interscholastic League has chosen to set up all music competition for elementary schools at an area elementary school music meet. All phases of music competition formerly classified as Conference Eat the Regional Music Competition-Festival, hand, orchestra, chorus, instrumental and vocal solos and ensembles, and twirling, will be offered in essentially the same form at the area elementary school music meet. Choral Singing and Music Appreciation contests formerly held in con­ junction with the county grade school meet will be offered only at the area elementary school music meet. Schools will he assigned to areas according to the membership rolls of The University Interscholastic League. Only elementary schools which have registered as members of the League prior to January 15 will be eligible to participate in this music competition. A special bulletin outlining the rules of competition and suggested plan of organization plus the prescribed lists of music for organization events will be sent to registered schools on request. Address your request to Director of Music Activities, Box 8028, University Station, Austin 12, Texas. District Solo Auditions In order to increase the average quality of solos being presented at the Regional Competition-Festivals; to decrease the length of time required to present such activities, but to retain the opportunity for every interested student to participate, the State Executive Committee has approved the in­auguration of District Qualifying Auditions. The following general plan is suggested for this event. 1. Administration.-All District Auditions shall be under the jurisdic­tion of the Regional Executive Committee. The Regional Committee is au­thorized to appoint local committees headed by a local chairman who is responsible for the actual supervision and planning of the audition. The local committee and its chairman are directly responsible to the Regional Executive Committee. 2. Number and Location of Auditions.-Regional Executive Committees are authorized to establish as many District Auditions within the Region as may be required by the demand. 3. Fees and Dates.-The Regional Executive Committee is empowered to assess and collect such fees as may he necessary to conduct the auditions. Dates shall be set far enough ahead of the Regional Competition.Festival to enable the Regional Contest Chairman to construct a schedule. 4. ]udging.-Competent officials shall be obtained by the Regional Executive Committee to preside during the auditions. No ratings or awards shall be given and criticism will he limited. All performers will remain unidentified except by number until after the audition has been completed. No student will be permitted to perform in uniform. Only the upper group of performers shall be certified by the judges to perform in Regional Com­petition. 5. Eligibility and Regulations.-All rules for eligibility and perform­ance in force for Regional Competition-Festivals shall be applicable to the District Auditions. 6. Classification.-In Regions where Junior High School events are in­cluded as a part of the Regional Competition-Festival, District Auditions shall be held for Class I, Class II and Class III solos. In Regions where separate Junior High School meets are organized, no District Auditions will be held for Class III participants. 7. Special /nformation.-A special bulletin designed to be of assistance to the Directors of District Auditions has been prepared by the State Office and is available to any director on request. Please address your request to F. W. Savage, Box 8028, University Station, Austin 12. Rules for Athletic Contests The first high-school athletic contest to be held under the superv1s1on of The University of Texas was an invitation track and field meet held on April 29, 1905. Through the leadership of the athletic staff of the Uni­versity this event became an annual affair. On May 6, 1911, principals and superintendents met in Austin at the annual track and field meet and offi­cially organized the University Interscholastic Athletic Association. The purpose of the Association as stated in the Constitution was as follows: "The object of the Association shall be the promotion, improvement and regulation of athletic sports in the secondary schools of Texas." On May 3, 1913, the Debating and Declamation League of Texas Schools, a literary organization sponsored by The University of Texas, which had been organized December, 1910, and The University Interscholastic Athletic Association, were merged to form The University Interscholastic League of Texas. The purpose of the athletic program as it is now sponsored by The University of Texas Interscholastic League is as follows: 1. To assist, advise and aid the public schools in organizing and con­ducting inter-school athletic contests. 2. To devise and prepare eligibility rules that will equalize and stimulate wholesome competition between schools of similar rank, and reinforce the curricular program. 3. To equalize and regulate competition so that the pupils, schools and communities may secure the greatest social, educational and rec­reational returns from the contests. 4. To help the schools make athletics an integral part of the educational program. 5. To preserve the game for the contestant and not sacrifice the contestant to the game. 6. To promote the spirit of sportsmanship and fair play in all contests. 7. To promote among the players, schools and communities a spirit of friendly rivalry and a respect for the rules of the contests. The League is vitally interested in the welfare of every boy and girl par­ticipating in the athletic contests. To protect the physical well-being of the contestants it is being urged that every contestant be given a thorough medi­cal examination by his family physician before participating in the athletic games and contests of the League. The Athletic Benefit Plan In accordance with the recommendations of the State Meeting of Delegates at the annual meeting on May 4, 1940, the State Executive Committee has incorporated into the athletic section of the Constitution and Rules an Ath­letic Benefit Plan. The purpose of the Benefit Plan is to assist League members, who have athletic teams participating in interscholastic athletics, to meet the costs of injuries incurred by team members injured during practice or games spon­sored by the school. It is also believed that the inauguration of the insurance program will lead to the development of a safer game for the reason that it will cause coaches and administrators to become "safety minded." The Athletic Benefit Plan is available to all member-schools on the basis of the provisions and rates incorporated into the insurance contract. Schools purchase the policy from the "Home Office" of the insurance company and not from the Office of the League. The insuring company has set up the general regulations governing the settlement of claims and payment of benefits. These provisions are a part of the insurance policy and schools insuring with the company should familiarize themselves with all details of the contract. The State Executive Committee examined the several contracts submitted by insurance companies, and after careful investigation selected the policy prepared by Yoffee and Beitman, 1973 W. Gray Street, Houston, Texas. The schedule of benefits in the policy was prepared by a committee of Texas public school men. The committee of Texas school men studied the various state plans in operation throughout the Nation and finally adopted the accident fee schedule outlined in the policy. The benefits of the League plan are as liberal as those of other states and in line with the fees that are necessary to meet the costs of injuries in Texas. 1. A school must be a member of The University Interscholastic League, and dues for the current year be paid in accordance with Article III, Sec­tion 2. 2. In order to be eligible for the Athletic Accident Benefits a pupil must be regularly enrolled in a school which is a member of the League. 3. All benefit checks will he paid in accordance with the provisions in the insurance contract. 4. The Benefit Plan is entirely voluntary. 5. Each pupil insured under the Plan should have a thorough physical examination before participating in a practice or a game. 6. It must he clearly understood by pupils, parents or guardians and member·schools that participation in the Athletic Benefit Plan shall not be construed as an acknowledgment by schools themselves or The University Interscholastic League of liability for injuries incurred in athletic com­petition by pupils participating in the Plan. 7. A sample copy of the insurance policy may be secured by writing to Y off ee and Beitman, 1973 W. Gray Street, Houston, Texas. Football Plan The Football Code.-The football code means to play the game in the spirit of fairness and clean sportsmanship; to observe all rules and not attempt to hold, "beat the ball," or coach from the side lines because it can be done without the knowledge of the referee, or to resort to trickery in equipping or preparing players. It means to accept decisions of officials without protest; to see that officials are extended protection and courtesy by players, school personnel, and laymen; to treat your opponents as your guests, and to put clean play and real sportsmanship above victories. It means the ability to win without boasting and to lose without grudge. "Vic­tory is no great matter. The important thing in sport is the manly striving to excel and the good feeling it fosters between those who play fair and have no excuse when they lose." The development and recreative aspects of football should be strongly emphasized in all contests. It shall be considered dishonorable and contrary to good sportsmanship to withhold evidence against any player or school without presenting the same to the proper committee or to the school ad­ministration concerned. 1. Eligible Schools.-Only Senior High Schools are eligible in football. No school shall participate in League football unless its acceptance of this plan is on file in the State Office by September 15. The application for membership in the Football Plan by the superintendent or principal shall be authorized and approved by the local school board of trustees. A school which does not participate in football after signing the accept· ance card may be suspended in this activity for a period of one year, unless sufficient justification is shown for not entering a team. A school which participates in another state high school league in football shall be sus­pended in this activity for a period of one year. A non-participating school the preceding year desiring to participate shall so notify the State Office one year in advance. 2. Employment of Football Coaches.-A school is not eligible for Inter­scholastic League football competition, (1) Whose head coach or whose assistant coach is not a full-time em­ployee (this rule shall not affect the status of a coach on a leave of absence attending college) of the school board of the school which the team repre­sents. "Full-time" means full-time for the whole scholastic or calendar year; or (2) Which contracts to pay its football coach out of gate receipts, or which draws its contract with its coach in such a way as to make it to the immediate financial advantage of a coach to win games. a. It would be against the rule for a contract to be based upon a per­centage of the gate receipts. b. It would be desirable for the salary to be fixed at the beginning of the year, and to include no provision for bonus. c. The salary of the coach should be paid from funds under the complete control of the sclwol board, and disbursed to the coach in the regular way in which the other salaries are disbursed. d. Any contract which makes it to the immediate financial interest of a coach to win a game would be in violation at least of the spirit of the rule which has been adopted. 3. Conferences.-Participating high schools shall be divided into con­ferences as follows: Conference AAAA ......................................1,100 and up Conference AAA ........................................ 500 to 1,100 Conference AA ............................................ 210 to 500 Conference A ··--------------------------------------------· J.15 to 210 Conference B .............................................. 114 and under A high school with less than 100 may enter a team in Six­Man Football. High schools with an enrollment of 750-1,099 may be admitted to Con­ference AAAA by unanimous vote of the executive committee of the district to which application is made. High schools with an enrollment of 375-499 may be admitted to Conference AAA by unanimous vote of the executive committee of the district to which application is made. High schools with an enrollment of 175-209 may he admitted to Conference AA by unanimous vote of the executive committee of the district to which application is made. High schools with an enrollment of 100-114 may be admitted to Conference A by unanimous vote of the executive committee of the district to which application is made. The State Executive Committee has authorized the following schedule for assigning schools to football conferences for the 1955-1956 school year. In classifying high schools for competition in League contests the number enrolled in the last four grades in high school is determined by the figures given in "Average Membership" of the "Superintendent's Annual Report." The 1953-54 "Average Membership" shall be used for assigning schools for the 1955-56 school year. Conference AAAA ___________________ _ ________ ___ _____ l,200 and up Conference AAA -------------------------------------·--550 to 1,200 Conference AA ------------------------------------------225 to 550 Conference A ----------------------------------------------125 to 225 Conference B ----------------------------------------------124 and under A high school with less than 100 may enter a team in Six­Man Football. High schools with an enrollment of 750-1199 may be admitted to Con­ference AAAA by unanimous vote of the executive committee of the district to which application is made. High schools with an enrollment of 375-549 may be admitted to Conference AAA by unanimous vote of the executive committee of the district to which application is made. High schools with an enrollment of 175-224 may be admitted to Conference AA by unanimous vote of the executive committee of the district to which application is made. High schools with an enrollment of 100-124 may be admitted to Conference A by unanimous vote of the executive committee of the district to which application is made. 4. Districts.-.The State shall he divided into districts for Conferences AAAA, AAA, AA, and A, and competition shall include a State Champion­ship. Announcements concerning the arrangement of all Conferences having State Championship run-offs will be issued during the season. Conference B and Six-Man football districts will be arranged for a regional play-off but competition shall not extend further than a regional championship. Usually five to eight schools compose a district. Schools are assigned to districts by the State Office. The list of district chairmen, their addresses and district numbers, will be mailed out to member-schools during the early part of September of each year. It shall be the duty of the superintendent, principal, or coach in each school com­peting under this plan, to inform himself regarding the district chairman, time of meeting, etc. If the chairman moves from the district without calling a meeting, each school in the district has a responsibility to notify the State Office so that another chair­man may be named. 5. District Organization (Conferences AAAA, AAA, AA, A, and Band Six-Man Football) .-The Chairman of the old District Executive Com­mittee shall serve as temporary chairman for the district and he shall call a meeting of all participating schools in the district, preferably in the spring but in any case not later than Saturday following the third Monday in Sep­tember. (The State Executive Committee urges the District Chairman to call his organization meeting in the spring.) At this meeting a District Execu­tive Committee shall be created composed of superintendents or principals from participating schools. Each participating school present shall have one vote. At least two alternates (must be superintendent or principal) should be elected to serve in case members of the committee are disqualified. If only one member is disqualified the first-named alternate should serve. A mem­ber of the committee shall be disqualified to act in a case in which his school is one of the two involved. In each new district, and in case of vacancies, a temporary chairman shall be appointed by the State Office. It shall be the duty of the Chairman to call the organization meeting. 6. Duties of District Executive Committee.-lt shall be the duty of the District Executive Committee: a. To enforce all rules and regulations, to settle all disputes and all question of eligibility arising inside the district. There shall be no appeal from any decision rendered by this committee. b. To certify to the State Office an eligible district champion not later than the date prescribed on the League Calendar for such certification, after which the committee's functions cease. In case of dispute, certification to the State Office shall be in the form of a written notice naming the eligible school and must be signed by a majority of the members of the District Executive Com­mittee; provided the State Committee shall have the authority to reject for inter-district competition any football team whose District Committee has adopted any rule or regulation limiting the eligibility of players beyond the requirement set forth in the Constitution and Rules and the Football Plan. c. To arrange a round-robin schedule in the district to close not later than the date designated in the 1954-55 League Calendar for each respective conference. In districts that have more than ten participating schools sub-districts shall be created, in which case round-robin schedules shall be arranged in the sub-districts to close in sufficient time to schedule an elimination game or series so that the district championship may be determined by the proper time. Districts with fewer than ten schools may be sub­divided. The subdivisions of a district shall contain an equal number of teams, or as nearly equal as can be; e.g., a districthaving seven teams shall be divided on a 3-4basis. d. To investigate and check the eligibility of players in the district and to furnish to member-schools in the district a list of eligible players submitted by each school and to investigate transfers with a view to determining whether or not transfers are bona fide. In case the transfer is not considered bona fide by the District Committee, it shall have the power to declare the contestant in question ineligible for football. e. To uphold the principle that high-school football is worth while in the school as an educational force when properly controlled. Efforts on the part of any school official or local "fan" to recruit players shall be considered a violation of this principle and shall subject the school at fault to disqualification. Disqualification may be made by the committee after the school concerned has been given an opportunity to be heard in its own defense. When a school is disqualified it shall remain on the disqualified list until the superintendent has convinced the committee that the errors complained of have been removed and that he, the superin­tendent, can guarantee the proper conduct of football in his school. 7. Expenses of District Committee.-The District Executive Committee has authority to outline and put into operation a plan for financing its meetings under the following restriction: if the assessment plan is used the assessment for any school shall not exceed one-half of its regular League membership fee. The failure of a school promptly to pay its assessment, after having been notified, shall subject it to a penalty of elimination from consideration for district honors. If a scqool refuses or fails to pay its assess­ment after the close of the season, it may be debarred from participation the following year or until the amount is paid. At the close of the season the District Executive Committee shall furnish each participating school in the district a financial statement showing all receipts and disbursements for the season. 8. District Disqualification.-A district shall be disqualified in the Re­gional or State race, if its committee certifies to the State Office a team which has used an ineligible player in any game that counted on League standing, such disqualification to be made only upon presentation of evi­dence to the State Executive Committee. If a football team is certified as district champion which has used a contestant not eligible under Interscholastic League rules the State Executive Committee has juris­diction under Rule 8 of the Football Plan to re-detennine questions of eligibility, Rule 6a of the Football Plan having applicability only to intradistrict competition. 9. Eliminations.-Conferences AAAA, AAA, AA, and A district cham· pions are bracketed for elimination play to a State Championship on a weekly schedule beginning the first week-end after the specified date for determining district champions. State elimination games may not be sched­uled earlier than the first week-end after the certification date for district champions. Conference B district champions are bracketed for a regional championship to be concluded not later than the second week-end after dis­trict championships are determined. Six-man district champions are bracketed for a regional championship to be concluded not later than the second week-end after district champion­ships are determined. 10. Jurisdiction of Inter-district Disputes.-The State Executive Com­mittee shall have jurisdiction in all disputes arising between district winners that have been duly certified. 11. Number of Games.-Between September 10 and November 27, inclusive, in Conferences AAAA, AAA, and B no boy shall participate in more than ten games and, in addition, he shall not be permitted to take part in more than one game during any given period of five days. Between Sep­tember 3 and November 20, inclusive, in Conferences AA, A and Six­Man football, no boy shall participate in more than ten games and, in addition, he shall not be permitted to take part in more than one game during any given period of five days. The five-day period is considered as being within five calendar days. 12. Games That Count on Percentage.-Interconference or inter-district games between participating schools shall not count on a team's percentage. A defeat by a non-participating Texas high school, except by a junior high school or dormitory school, regardless of size or date, shall eliminate from the District, State, or Regional race. A defeat by a school not eligible to membership in the League shall not count. 13. A Practice Scrimmage.-A scrimmage or practice period to which no admission is charged, which is not on an announced schedule and which is not regularly conducted by an official or officials shall not count as a game. 14. Tie Games.-In inter-district elimination contests a team shall re­ceive one point for each time it penetrates its opponent's 20-yard line. In the meaning of this provision, a team has penetrated its opponent's 20-y'ard line when the ball has been declared dead legally in its possession inside the opponent's 20-yard line. It is understood that only one penetration may be counted during one continuous possession of the ball. A play from outside the 20-yard line which results in a touchdown shall count one penetration. If this plan shall fail to determine a winner, the team that has made the greater number of first downs shall proceed in the race. A first down shall be counted when the required distance has been made. If the two teams are still tied after counting first downs, the one that has gained the most net yardage from scrimmage shall be declared winner. For most purposes the 20·yard penetration rule merely shortens the field and creates a second goal line. Whenever a ball is declared dead, legally in the possession of a team behind the goal line, that team is awarded points. The same principle should be followed in awarding points for penetrating the 20-yard line. Whenever a team has penetrated its opponent's 20-yard goal line and the ball has been declared dead, legally in its possession inside the 20-yard line, that team is entitled to one point. A penetration on the fourth down shall be counted provided the team has legal possession of the ball at the time it is declared dead by the referee inside the 20..yard line. It shall be the duty of the referee of the game to interpret and enforce this rule and his decision is final. The game officials are to keep a record of the number of penetrations, first downs, and yardage from scrimmage and make a report to each school in case of a tie. Points thus made are, of course, not considered unless the game results in a tie. It is simply a method of breaking a tie, not in any sense a new method of scoring. Unless mutually agreeable otherwise in advance of the game, this rule shall apply in the Regional and State Championship games. 15. Breaking Contracts.-A game cancelled after contract has been signed, unless both parties agree to the cancellation, shall be forfeited to the team not at fault. The District Executive Committee may recommend to the State Executive Committee the suspension of a school for canceling regularly scheduled conference games for the purpose of playing non-conference or out-of-dis­trict games, and the State Committee may suspend a school for such can­cellation. 16. Reports.-Each team shall make a complete report (forms furnished by the League) of every game in duplicate immediately after the game. One report shall be sent to the State Office and one to the Chairman of the District Committee. The District Committee may disqualify a team for its failure promptly to report its games. It will be noticed that this rule gives the District Committee autlwrity to interpret the word "promptly." 17. Observe Rules.-Only male students satisfying all the requirements of Article VIII of this Constitution are eligible in football. In case an in­ eligible man is used in any League game, knowingly or unknowingly, the minimum penalty shall be forfeiture of the game. 18. Football Code.-By accepting this plan, the coach and other officials of each school pledge themselves to act in the spirit of the "Football Code" and to foster this spirit among the players. It is recommended that the home team provide four deputized men tu be placed in each corner of the playing field for the purpose of helping insure proper conduct of fans and of providing an escort for the game officials while they are serving in an official capacity. Also, that each member school construct a fence around the playing field to restrain the crowd and to keep them from moving out on the field. Further, that the public address system at the game be used to explain to the fans the meaning of the Football Code and the fact that the Code binds the fans of both insti· tutions to abide by the decisions of officials; that at the beginning of each game the officials be introduced as guests of both team s. 19. Eligibility Blanks and Season Report.-Each school shall fill out an eligibility blank in duplicate furnished by the League, these blanks to be signed by superintendent or principal, one mailed to the State Office, and one filed with the Chairman of the District Executive Committee, before the school is allowed to take part in any game. Failure to furnish correct and complete information shall constitute grounds for suspension. At the end of the season the superintendent or principal of each school shall send to the State Office a list of all players who have participated in football during the season as representatives of the school. Failure to submit a correct and complete list shall constitute grounds for suspension. 20. Guarantees.-The visiting team always has the right to demand a guarantee sufficient to cover all expenses and in addition 50 per cent of the net gate receipts of the contest. A demand of a flat guarantee which is clearly in excess of expenses, shall upon action of the State or District Executive Committee, disqualify of­fending team for further participation. [Note.-In this connection, expenses of visiting teams, officials, adver­tising, labor, services, and printing incident to the contest, shall be con­sidered as expenses of the game. These expenses shall be itemized with sup­porting bills, properly receipted. Number of men allowed upon expense account shall be agreed upon by coaches or managers of teams involved. Unless mutually agreeable otherwise, the home team shall furnish a playing field without cost to the visiting school.] Proceeds from the sale of season tickets are considered a part of the receipts of the game. 21. 0 fficials.-All officials must be satisfactory to both parties and agreed upon in advance. Teams are urged always to secure outside officials. The visiting team should insist upon an agreement on officials prior to the day of the game. A school that refuses to play a game because the officials agreed upon have not been secured shall not be considered as breaking its contract. The responsibility to engage satisfactory officials is upon the home school. Beginning a game with an official constitutes agreement. 22. Place of Game.-Vnless mutually agreeable otherwise, the place for playing a game within the district shall be determined on the "home and home" basis for the past six years, except in a State or Regional elimination game the place shall be determined on the basis of the last game (within six years) between the two schools which counted on League standing. The team that was the visiting team the last time the two teams met on a home field may insist upon the game being played upon its home field, except as pro­vided above. The home team may designate the day for the game. Starting time of the game shall be by mutual consent, or in case of disagreement by the decision of the District Executive Committee. In case of disagreement between two teams that have had no football re­lations during the past six years, the place shall be decided by tossing a coin. The State Executive Committee, in December, 1940, ruled that the word "years" in this rule should be taken to mean football seasons. In other words, games a.re to be settled on a home and home basis within the past six "football seasons." For illustration: any game played prior to the 1935 season has no bearing upon this rule since it is outside of the last six football seasons. Seasons are counted as follows: 1940-1, 1939-2, 1938-3, 1937--4, 1936--5, 1935---0. In 1935 Team A and Team B were in the same football district. Team A played Team B on Team B's home field. The following year Team A and Team B were placed in separate districts. In 1940 Team A and Team B won their respective district champion­ships. The Committee ruled that next game should be plrryed on Team A's fi eld. 23. Seven and One-half Per Cent Inter-district Receipts.-Seven and one­half per cent of the gross receipts of inter-district games in the State Cham­pionship races shall be paid to the State Office to maintain a fund for investi­gating eligibility questions and to supplement printing, salary, office ap­propriations relating to football, rebates to State Meets and for the purchase of medals, trophies and awards in Interscholastic League State Meets. The radio broadcast receipts and the telecasting receipts are to be considered a part of the game receipts in all inter-district games. 24. Protests.-All protests must be made to the proper committee within twenty-four hours after the game is played, except that a protest based on the alleged ineligibility of a player may be made at any time; provided, it is made immediately upon discovery of the facts on which the protest is based. Protests must be made in writing and signed by superintendent or principal. A protest based on an official's decision will not be considered. In passing upon eligibility of players the District Committee acts in a judicial capacity. A proper judicial approach involves reasonable notice (i.e., sufficient to permit an answer to charges made or issues raised), an opportunity for a fair hearing, and an unbiased decision based upon the evidence presented. 25. School Authorities Responsible.-Responsibility for the proper con­duct of football in a school system shall rest with the superintendent. All contracts and arrangements for games shall be made between superintend­ents and principals. The control and management of all games shall be under the supervision of the superintendent or principal. 26. Trophy for State Champion.-A regulation-size silver football will be awarded to the school that wins the State Championship under this plan; and a smaller trophy for the runner-up. 27. No Inter-school Spring Scrimmage or Football Games.-No member­school shall play any football game, practice, or scrimmage with another high school after February 1. The penalty for violation of this rule shall be assessed by the State Executive Committee. 28. Schedule of Maximum Fees for Officials.-The following are the maximum amounts that may be paid to any one official as a fee for officiating in a League game: Receipts Fee If up to $100 __________________________________________________________ $ 7.50 If$100 to $200 -------------------------------------------------------10.00 If $200 to $500 -------------------------------------------------------15.00 If $500 to $1,000 ----------------------------------------------------20.00 If$1,000 to $2,000 ________ -----------------------------------------25.00 If $2,000 to $3,000 -------------------------------------------------30.00 If $3,000 to $4,000 ------------------------------------------------35.00 If $4,000 to $5,000 --------------------------------------------------40.00 If$5,000 to $10,000 ------------------------------------------------45.00 If $10,000 or above -----------------------------------------------50.00 The District Executive Committee may in emergency cases modify the provisions of this section for application inside its district on an individual game basis. It is recommended that four officials be assigned for all games which count on League standing. Allowable Maximum Expenses for Officiating For one official 6c a mile for total mileage; for two officials traveling to­gether by automobile 7c a mile; for three officials traveling together by automobile 8c a mile. Expenses for local entertainment, defined as follows: Taxi fare to and from ball field, if used; local meals as agreed upon and as arranged for by school authorities; hotel room, if required, to be secured and paid for by local school authorities. No other items are to be included in an expense account of officials, and neither fees nor expenses for officials shall be supplemented from any source. Violation of the rules governing the employment and pay of football officials shall carry the same penalty as the violation of any eligibility rule; that is, forfeiture of the game. In emergency cases, if the rules in regard to fees of officials are violated by a member-school, the facts shall be reported to the District Executive Committee at a meeting to be called as soon as possible after the game to decide on the merits of the case and to apply the penalty; or, if an emergency is proved, to waive the penalty. The District Committee may declare that, in its judgment, an emergency arose, and, therefore, waive the penalty. 29. Playing Rules.-"The 1954 National Collegiate Athletic Association Football Rules" with the 1952 NCAA Substitution Rule, shall govern all League football games. 30. Football Practice Periods.-In Conferences AAAA and AAA spring football practice or training shall be limited to twenty-one consecutive cal­endar days, and there shall be no football practice or training, and no foot­ball equipment issued, from the close of the spring training period until fall practice. Fall football practice may not begin earlier than one week prior to the first Friday in September but in no instance shall an interschool game be played until the second week end after the beginning of fall practice. In Conference AA, A, B, and Six-man, no member-school shall permit any football practice or scrimmage after the close of the district schedule except as incident to the football championship play-offs. Fall football prac­tice may not begin earlier than the second Monday prior to the first Friday in September. No interschool game shall be played until the second week end after the beginning of the fall practice period. Football practice or training is interpreted to mean any organized in­struction, drills in calisthenics, or conditioning periods conducted prior to the opening date for fall practice. Football equipment is interpreted to mean the issuing of football shoulder pads, shoes, headgear, football trousers, or any other equipment used primarily for organized football practice. The State Executive Committee on Mwy 24, 1950, discussed the wording of Rule 30 and adopted the following interpretation: that participation in the summer public recreation program by high-school boys would not be construed as a violation of the Football Practice Rule, provided the summer programs are not conducted as condition­ing period for football players; and provided there is no football equipment issued, such as is described in Rule 30 of the Football Plan. A specific grouping of high.school athletes, such as football players, for the purpose of conditioning these boys for foot· ball practice would be construed as a violation of the above designated rule. 31. Post-season Games.-No school may engage in any post-season game other than in regular inter-district play-offs scheduled by the League. A post-season football game in Conferences AAAA, AAA, and B is one played between two schools after November 27. A post-season game in Conferences AA, A, and Six-man Football is one played between two schools after November 20. The penalty for infraction of this rule shall be assessed by the State Executive Committee. 32. Radiobroadcasting and T elecasting.-A Radio Committee appointed in 1939 worked out the plan for broadcasting quarter-final, semi-final and final games. Since that time, a yearly contract has been negotiated by the State Committee, on the basis of competitive bids for the broadcasting and telecasting rights to these games. The broadcasting and telecasting rights granted to the successful bidder are for both "live" and delayed broadcasts and "live" and film telecasts of the games. The money received from the broadcasting rights shall be distributed to the eligible participating schools on the following basis: 40 per cent of the total amount is to be distributed equally among the eight teams in quarter­finals; 40 per cent of the total amount to be distributed equally among the four teams in semi-finals; 20 per cent of the total amount to be distributed equally between the two teams in the final game. Telecasting receipts shall be distributed to participating teams on a per­game basis on the same plan as is used for distributing broadcasting receipts. 33. Location of Training Camps.-The football training period shall be held on the campus of the local school or on a site controlled by the school board and lying within the boundaries of the school district. In the judgment of the State Executive Committee it was not the purpose of this rule to prevent occasional scrimmages between neighboring teams which do not involve overnight housing for either team outside its own school district. 34. All-Star Games.-No athletic director, coach, teacher, administrator or school district of a member-school shall at any time assist either directly or indirectly with the coaching, management, direction, selection of players promotion, officiating, or allow public school facilities or equipment to be utilized in any all-star game (exception, Texas High School Coaches Asso­ciation game), in which one or more of the competing teams is composed of a player or players who, during the previous school year, were members of a high-school football team. Any member high school violating the provisions of this all-star contest rule shall be subject to probation or suspension. Boys' Basketball Plan The Basketball Code.-The basketball code means to play the game in the spirit of fairness and clean sportsmanship; to observe all rules and not attempt to hold, "heat the hall," or coach from the side lines because it can he done without the knowledge of the referee, or to resort to trickery in equipping or preparing players. It means to accept decisions of officials with­out protest and to see that proper precautions are taken for their protection and safety; to treat your opponents as your guests, and to put clean play and real sportsmanship above victories. It means the ability to win without boasting and to lose without grudge. "Victory is no great matter. The im­portant thing in sport is the manly striving to excel and the good feeling it fosters between those who play fair and have no excuse when they lose." 1. Eligible Schools.-No school shall participate in League basketball unless its acceptance of this plan is on file in the State Office by October 15 and the fees are paid by January 15. The application for membership in the Basketball Plan by the Superin­tendent or Principal shall he authorized and approved by the local school hoard of trustees. A school which does not participate in basketball after signing the ac­ceptance card may he suspended in this activity for a period of one year, unless sufficient justification is shown for not entering a team. A school which participates in another state high-school boys' basketball championship tournament or league shall not he eligible for League mem­bership in boys' basketball for the succeeding year. A non-participating school the preceding year desiring to participate shall so notify the State Office one year in advance. 2. Employment of Basketball Coaches.-A school is not eligible for Interscholastic League basketball competition, (1) Whose head coach or whose assistant coach is not a full-time em­ployee (this rule shall not affect the status of a coach on a leave of absence attending college) of the school hoard of the school which the team repre­sents. "Full-time" means full-time for the whole scholastic or calendar year; or (2) Which contracts to pay its basketball coach out of gate-receipts, or which draws its contract with its coach in such a way as to make it to the immediate financial advantage of a coach to win games. (See Interpretation under "Rule 2, Football Plan.") 3. Conferences.-Participating high schools shall he divided into con­ferences as provided in Football Plan, Rule 3. 4. Districts.-The State shall be divided into districts for Conferences AAAA, AAA, AA, A, and B, and competition shall include a State Cham­pionship. Announcement concerning the arrangement of all Conference eliminations will be issued during the season. Usually five to eight schools compose a district. Schools are assigned to districts by the State Office. The bi-district winners in Conferences AAAA and AAA and the regional champions in Conferences AA, A, and B are eligible to compete in the State Championship Basketball Tournament at Austin. Any conference champion that engages in basketball competition with another high school after winning the State Championship shall be sus­pended from the League for the next basketball season. 5. District Organization.-The temporary chairman for the district shall call a meeting of all participating schools in the district, preferably in the early part of September, but in any case not later than Saturday fol­lowing the first Monday in October. At this meeting a District Executive Committee shall be created composed of school superintendents or prin­cipals from participating schools. Each participating school present shall have one vote. At least two alternates should be elected to serve in case members of the committee are disqualified. If only one member is dis­qualified the first-named alternate should serve. A member of the committee shall be disqualified to act in a case in which his school is one of the two involved. In each new district, and in case of vacancies, a temporary chairman shall be appointed by the State Office. It shall be the duty of the chairman to call the organization meeting It shall be the duty Qf the superintendent, principal, Qr cQach in each schQol CQm­peting uniler this pla:n, tQ inform himself regarding the district chairman, time Qf meeting, etc. If the chairman moves from the district withaut calling a meeting, each school in the district has a responsibility tQ notify the State Office SQ that another chairman may be named. 6. Duties of District Executive Committee.-lt shall be the duty of the District Executive Committee: a. To enforce all rules and regulations, to settle all disputes and all questions of eligibility arising inside the district. There shall be no appeal from any decision rendered by this committee. b. To certify to the State Office an eligible district champion on the date set for each respective conference, after which the commit­tee's functions cease. In case of dispute, certification to the State Office shall be in the form of a written notice naming the eligible school and must be signed by a majority of the members of the District Executive Committee; provided the State Committee shall have the authority to reject for inter-district competition any basketball team whose District Committee has adopted any rule or regulation limiting the eligibility of players beyond the re­quirements set forth in the Constitution and Rules and the Basket­ball Plan. To arrange a schedule in the district to close not later than the date set for a conference champion to be certified. District games may not be played prior to December 15, 1954, except by unan­imous consent of all district members. It is recommended that when feasible the district schedule be set up on a double round­robin basis. In districts that have more than ten participating schools sub-districts shall be created, in which case schedules shall be arranged in the sub-districts to close in sufficient time to schedule an elimination game or series so that the district cham­pionship may be determined by the proper time. Districts with fewer than ten schools may be subdivided. The subdivisions of a district shall contain an equal number of teams, or as nearly equal as can be; e.g., a district having seven teams shall be divided on a 3-4 basis. To investigate and check the eligibility of players in the district and to furnish to member-schools in the district a list of eligible players submitted by each school and to investigate transfers with a view to determining whether or not transfers are bona fide. In case the transfer is not considered bona fide by the District Committee, it shall have the power to declare the contestant in question ineligible for basketball. To uphold the principle that high-school basketball is wo°rth while in the school as an educational force when properly controlled. Efforts on the part of any school official or local "fan" to recruit players shall be considered a violation of this principle and shall subject the school at fault to disqualification. Disqualification may he made by the committee after the school concerned has been given an opportunity to he heard in its own defense. When a school is disqualified it shall remain on the disqualified list until the superintendent has convinced the committee that the errors com­plained of have been removed and that he, the superintendent, can guarantee the proper conduct of basketball in his school. 7. Expenses of District Committee.-The District Executive Committee has authority to outline and put into operation a plan for financing its meetings under the following restriction: if the assessment plan is used the assessment for any school shall not exceed one-half of its regular League membership fee. The failure of a school promptly to pay its assessment, after having been notified, shall subject it to a penalty of elimination from con­sideration for district honors. Ifa school refuses or fails to pay its assessment after the close of the season, it may be debarred from participation the fol­lowing year or until the amount is paid. At the close of the season the District Executive Committees shall furnish each participating school in the district a financial statement showing all receipts and disbursements for the season. 8. District Disqualification.-A district shall be disqualified in the State race, if its Committee certifies to the State Office a team which has used an ineligible player in any game that counted on League standing, such dis­qualification to be made only upon presentation of evidence to the State Executive Committee. 9. Eliminations.-District championships in the respective conferences shall be determined by the following dates: Conference AAAA ---------------------------------------February 19 Conference AAA __________________________________________ February 19 Conference AA ______________________________________________ February 19 Conference A ________________________________________________February 19 Conference B ________________________________________________February 19 Conferences AAAA and AAA shall determine the bi-district championship by February 26. Conferences AA, A, and B shall determine a regional winner by February 26. The regional and bi-district champions in each conference are eligible to compete in the State Championship Basketball Tournament, March 3, 4, and 5. A double elimination tournament shall not be used in any League meet except by unanimous consent of participating schools. 10. Jurisdiction of Inter-district Disputes.-The State Executive Com­mittee shall have jurisdiction in all disputes arising between district winners that have been duly certified. 11. Number of Tournaments.-No high-school team shall be eligible for district honors that has participated in more than three invitation basketball tournaments prior to the last day for certification of a district champion. (For definition of a "high-school team" see Article VII, Section 23.) 12. Games That Count on Percentage.-lnter-conference or inter-district games between participatfng schools shall not count on a team's percentage. A defeat by a non-participating Texas high school, except by a junior high school or dormitory school, regardless of size or date, shall eliminate from the District, State or Regional race. A defeat by a school not eligible to mem­bership in the League shall not count. 13. A Practice Scrimmage.-A scrimmage or practice period to which no admission is charged, which is not on an announced schedule and which is not regularly conducted by an official or officials shall not count as a game. 14. Inter-district and Regional Elimination Contests.-Bi-district cham­pionships shall be determined by playing the best two out of three games unless mutually agreeable to play one game. In case there is a dispute re­garding the site or time of a game it shall be settled by the flip of a coin. Before agreeing on the time and place of the game schools should decide on the officials to be used and the expenses that are to be allowed each team in putting on the game. All bi-district and regional games leading to the State series shall be played on a regulation size indoor court, and cannot be scheduled prior to dates listed by State Office. Plans for bi-district and regional play-offs will be issued during the season. 15. Breaking Contracts.-A game cancelled after contract has been signed, unless both parties agree to the cancellation, shall be forfeited to the team not at fault. 16. Observe Rules.-Each school shall observe faithfully all rules con­tained in Article VIII of the Constitution and Rules. In case an ineligible man is used in any League game, knowingly or unknowingly, the minimum penalty shall be forfeiture of the game. 17. Basketball Code.-By accepting this plan, the coach and other offi­cials of each school pledge themselves to act in the spirit of the "Basketball Code" and to foster this spirit among the players. 18. Eligibility Blanks and Season Report.-Each school shall fill out an eligibility blank in duplicate furnished by the League, these blanks to be signed by superintendent or principal, one mailed to the State Office, and one filed with the Chairman of the District Executive Committee, before the school is allowed to take part in any game. Failure to furnish correct and complete information shall constitute grounds for suspension. At the end of the season the superintendent or principal of each school shall send to the State Office a list of all players who have participated in basketball during the season as representatives of the school. Failure to submit a correct and complete list shall constitute grounds for suspension. 19. Guarantees.-The visiting team always has the right to demand a guarantee sufficient to cover all expenses and in addition 50 per cent of the net gate receipts of the contest. A demand of a flat guarantee which is clearly in excess of expenses, shall upon action of the State or District Executive Committee, disqualify offending team for further participation. [Note.-In this connection, expenses of visiting teams, officials, advertis· ing, labor, services, and printing incident to the contest, shall be considered as expenses of the game. Number of men allowed upon expense account shall be agreed upon by coaches or managers of teams involved. Unless mutually agreeable otherwise, the home team shall furnish a playing court without cost to the visiting school.] 20. Officials.-All officials must be satisfactory to both parties and agreed upon in advance. Teams are urged always to secure outside officials. The visiting team should insist upon an agreement on officials prior to the day of the game. A school that refuses to play a game because the officials agreed upon have not been secured shall not be considered as breaking its contract. The responsibility to engage satisfactory officials is upon the home school. Beginning a game with an official constitutes agreement. 21. Pfoce of Game.-The District Executive Committee in arranging a schedule within the district shall determine the place of games in case of disagreement between two teams. 22. Protests.-All protests must be made to the proper committee within twenty-four hours after the game is played, except that a protest based on the alleged ineligibility of a player may be made at any time, provided it is made immediately upon discovery of the facts on which the protest is based. Protests must be made in writing and signed by superintendent or principal. A protest based on an official's decision will not be considered. In passing upon eligibility of players the District Committee acts in a ju­dicial capacity. A proper judicial approach involves reasonable notice (i.e., sufficient to permit an answer to charges made or issues raised), an opportunity for a fair hearing, and an unbiased decision based upon the evidence presented. 23. Sclwol Authorities Responsible.-Responsibility for the proper con­duct of basketball in a school system shall rest with the superintendent. All contracts and arrangements for games shall be made between superintend­ents and principals. The control and management of all games shall be under the supervision of the superintendent or principal. 24. Awards for State Tournament.-In the State Tournament a silver trophy is provided for the winning team, a cup for the runner-up, and a shield for the third place team, as well as medals as follows: ten gold medals for the winning team, ten silver medals for the runner-up and ten bronze medals for the third place team. 25. Rebate to the Regional and State Tournaments.-All funds collected from concessions and admissions at the Regional and State Tournaments in excess of the amount necessary to defray the incidental expenses of the meet shall be prorated up to 100 per cent to the contesting teams on the basis of 10 cents per mile, both ways. If after rebate on expenses there is a balance in the fund received from gate receipts and concessions, this balance shall be equally divided among the schools participating in the tournament. 26. State Tournament.-The "draw" for the State Tournament shall be made by the Athletic Director of the League in the presence of witnesses, as soon as the bi-district and regional champions have been determined and reported to the State Office. 27. Breach of Contract.-Any school which qualifies for a District, Re­gional or State play-off in basketball and fails to participate or complete the official schedule of games, unless excused for valid reasons by the State Executive Committee, shall be guilty of a breach of contract. Schools violat­ing the provisions of this rule shall lose all rebate privileges for said tourna­ment and shall be suspended from basketball for a period of not to exceed one calendar year. 28. Number of Games.-No high-school team shall be eligible for dis­trict honors which during any basketball season has competed in more than 24 basketball games, exclusive of games allowed in three invitation basket­ball tournaments and games that count on League standing. 29. Post-Season Participants.-No member of a high-school basketball team shall be allowed to participate as a player on a non-school basketball team following the close of a school's regular season schedule. 30. Radiobroadcasting and Telecasting.-A Radio Committee apopinted in 1939 worked out the plan for broadcasting the State Basketball Tourna­ment. Since that time, a yearly contract has been negotiated by the State Committee, on the basis of competitive bids for the broadcasting and tele­casting rights to these games. The broadcasting and telecasting rights granted to the successful bidder are for both "live" and delayed broadcasts and "live" and film telecasts of the games. 31. Schedule of Fees.-The following are the maximum amounts that may be paid to any one official as a fee for officiating in a League game. If up to $50 One game $ 7.50 Two games 10.00 If $50 to $125 One game 12.50 Two games 15.00 If $125 to $250 One game 15.00 Two games 20.00 If $250 to $500 One game 20.00 Two games 25.00 If $500 to $1,000 One game 30.00 Two games 35.00 If over $1,000 One game 35.00 Two games 40.00 The District Executive Committee may in emergency cases modify the provisions of this section for application inside its district on an individual game basis. It is recommended that two officials be assigned for all games which count on League standing. Allowable Maximum Expenses for Officiating For one official 6c a mile for total mileage; for two officials traveling to­gether by automobile 7c a mile; for three officials traveling together by automobile 8c a mile. Expenses for local entertainment, defined as follows: Taxi fare to and from gymnasium, if used; local meals as agreed upon and as arranged for by school authorities; hotel room, if required, to be secured and paid for by local school authorities. No other items are to be included in an expense account of officials, and neither fees nor expenses for officials shall be supplemented from any source. Violation of the rules governing the employment and pay of basketball officials shall carry the same penalty as the violation of any eligibility rule; that is, forfeiture of the game. In emergency cases, if the rules in regard to fees of officials are violated by a member-school, the facts shall be reported to the District Executive Committee at a meeting to be called as soon as possible after the game to decide on the merits of the case and to apply the penalty; or, if an emergency is proved, to waive the penalty. The District Committee may declare that, in its judgment, an emergency arose, and, therefore, waive the penalty. 32. Playing Rules.-The National Basketball Committee "Official Basketball Rules" govern League basketball. Girls' Basketball Plan The Basketball Code.-The basketball code means to play the game in the spirit of fairness and clean sportsmanship; to observe all rules and not attempt to hold, "beat the ball," or coach from the side lines because it can be done without the knowledge of the referee, or to resort to trickery in equipping or preparing players. It means to accept decisions of officials without protest and to see that proper precautions are taken for their protec­tion and safety; to treat your opponents as your guests, and to put clean play and real sportsmanship above victories. It means the ability to win with­out boasting and to lose without grudge. "Victory is no great matter. Theim­portant thing in sport is the striving to excel and the good feeling it fosters between those who play fair and have no excuse when they lose." 1. Eligible Schools.-No school shall participate in League basketball unless its acceptance of this plan is on file in the State Office by October 15 and fees are paid by January 15. A school which does not participate in basketball after signing the accept· ance card may be suspended in this activity for a period of one year unless sufficient justification is shown for not entering a team. A school which participates in another state high school girls' basketball championship tournament or league shall not be eligible for League mem­bership in girls' basketball for the succeeding year. A non-participating school the preceding year desiring to participate shall so notify the State Office one year in advance. 2. Employment of Basketball Coaches.-A school is not eligible for Jn. terscholastic League basketball competition, (1) Whose head coach or whose assistant coach is not a full-time em­ployee (this rule shall not affect the status of a coach on a leave of absence attending college) of the school board of the school which the team repre­sents. "Full-time" means full-time for the whole scholastic or calender year; or (2) Which contracts to pay its basketball coach out of gate-receipts, or which draws its contract with its coach in such a way as to make it to the immediate financial advantage of a coach to win games. (See Interpretation under "Rule 2, Football Plan.") 3. Conferences.-Participating high schools shall be divided into Con· ferences as provided in the Football Plan, Rule 3, except that schools hav­ing over 500 students in high school shall be assigned to Conference AA. 4. Districts.-Conferences AA, A, and B districts will be arranged and competition shall extend to a State Championship. A school that has won its district championship is eligible to enter the Regional Tournament which will be held under the direction of the regional athletic director not later than one week prior to the State Tournament. Conferences AA and A shall be merged into one tournament at the regional meet. The regional champions are eligible to compete in the State Championship Basketbali Tournament at Austin. Any conference champion that engages in basketball competition with another high school after winning the State Championship shall be sus­pended from the League for the next basketball season. 5. District Organization.-The temporary chairman for the district shall call a meeting of all participating schools in the district, preferably in the early part of September, but in any case not later than Saturday following the first Monday in October. At this meeting a District Executive Committee shall be created composed of school superintendents or principals from participating schools. Each participating school present shall have one vote. At least two alternates should be elected to serve in case members of the committee are disqualified. If only one member is disqualified the first­named alternate should serve. A member of the committee shall be dis­qualified to act in the case in which his school is one of the two involved. In each new district, and in case of vacancies a temporary chairman shall be appointed by the State Office. It shall be the duty of the chairman to call the organization meeting. It shall be the duty of the superintendent, principal, or coach in each school competing under this plan, to inform himself regarding the district chairman, time of meeting, etc. If the chairman moves from the district without calling a meeting, each school in the district has a responsibility to notify the State Office so that another chairman may be named. 6. Duties of District Executive Committee.-lt shall be the duty of the District Executive Committee: a. To enforce all rules and regulations; to settle all disputes and all questions of eligibility arising inside the district. There shall be no appeal from any decision rendered by this committee. b. To certify to the State Office an eligible district champion on the date set for each respective conference, after which the commit­tee's functions cease. In case of dispute, certification to the State Office shall be in the form of a written notice naming the eligible school and must be signed by a majority of the members of the District Executive Committee; provided the State Committee shall have the authority to reject for inter-district competition any basketball team whose district committee has adopted any rule or regulation limiting the eligibility of players beyond the re­quirements set forth in the Constitution and Rules and the Basket­ball Plan. c. To prepare a schedule in the district to close not later than the date set for a conference champion to be certified. It is recom­mended that when feasible the district schedule be set up on a double round-robin basis. In districts that have more than ten participating schools sub-districts shall be created, in which case schedules shall be arranged in the sub-districts to close in suffi­cient time to schedule an elimination game or series so that the district championship may be determined by the proper time. Districts with fewer than ten schools may be subdivided. The subdivision of a district shall contain an equal number of teams, or as nearly equal as can be; e.g., a district having seven teams shall be divided on a 3--4 basis. d. To investigate and check the eligibility of players in the district and to furnish to member-schools in the district a list of eligiblf' players submitted by each school and to investigate transfers with a view to determining whether or not transfers are bona fide. In case the transfer is not considered bona fide by the District Com­mittee, it shall have the power to declare the contestant in ques­tion ineligible for basketball. e. To uphold the principle that high-school basketball is worth while in the school as an educational force when properly controlled. Efforts on the part of any school official or local "fan" to recruit players shall be considered a violation of this principle and shall subject the school at fault to disqualification. Disqualification may be made by the committee after the school concerned has been given an opportunity to be heard in its own defense. When a school is disqualified it shall remain on the disqualified list until the superintendent has convinced the committee that he errors complained of have been removed and that he, the super­intendent, can guarantee the proper conduct of basketball in his school. 7. Expenses of District Committee.-The District Executive Committee has authority to outline and put into operation a plan for financing its meetings under the following restriction: if the assessment plan is used the assessment for any school shall not exceed one-half of its regular League membership fee. The failure of a school promptly to pay its assessment, after having been notified, shall subject it to a penalty of elimination from consideration for district honors. If a school refuses or fails to pay its assessment after the close of the season, it may be debarred from participa­tion the following year or until the amount is paid. At the close of the season the District Executive Committee shall furnish each participating school in the district a financial statement showing all receipts and disbursements for the season. 8. District Disqualification.-A district shall be disqualified in the State race if its committee certifies to the State Office a team which has used an ineligible player in any game that counted on League standing, such dis­qualification to be made only upon presentation of evidence to the State Executive Committee. 9. Eliminations.-District championships in the respective conferences shall be determined by the following dates : Conference AA _____ __________ ____________________ ____ _February 26 Conference A ______ _____________ _______________________ February 26 Conference B ____ __ ____ _______________________________ February 26 Conferences AA-A, and B shall determine a regional winner by March 5. Conferences AA and A shall be merged into one tournament at the regional meet. The regional champions in each conference are eligible to compete in the State Championship Basketball Tournament, March 10, 11, and 12. A double elimination tournament shall not be used in any League meet except by unanimous consent of participating schools. 10. Jurisdiction of Inter-district Disputes.-The State Executive Com­mittee shall have jurisdiction in all disputes arising between district win­ners that have been duly certified. 11. Number of Games and Tournaments.-No high-school team shall be eligible for district honors that has violated any portion of this rule. (For definition of a "high-school team" see Article VII, Section 23.) (1) No member-school competing for League honors shall play more than 36 games in a season up to the certifying of the district champion. This shall be all-inclusive and shall include non-district games, invitational tournaments and district games both matched and tournament. The for­feiting of district games in order to play non-district games shall render a school ineligible for district honors. (2 ) No team shall play more than two matched (as distinguished from tournament) games per week and no team shall be allowed to enter more than three invitational tournaments per season. (3) No team or girl shall play more than two games per day with at least six hours between the end of the first game and the beginning of the second game. 12. Games That Count on Percentage.-lnter-conference or inter-district games between participating schools shall not count on a team's percentage. A defeat by a non-participating Texas high school, except by a junior high school or dormitory school, regardless of size or date, shall eliminate the school so defeated from the District, State or Regional race. A defeat by a school not eligible to membership in the League shall not count. 13. A Practice Scrimmage.-A scrimmage or practice period to which no admission is charged, which is not on an announced schedule and which is not regularly conducted by an official or officials shall not count as a game. 14. Regional Elimination Contests.-Plans for regional play-offs will he issued during the season. All regional games leading to the State series shall be played on a regulation size indoor court and cannot be scheduled prior to dates listed by State Office. In case there is a dispute regarding the site or time of a game it shall be settled by the flip of a coin. Before agreeing on the time and place of the game, schools should decide on the officials to be used and the expenses that are to be allowed each team in putting on the game. 15. Breaking Contracts.-A game cancelled after contract has been signed unless both parties agree to the cancellation, shall be forfeited to the team not at fault. 16. Observe Rules.-Each school shall observe faithfully all rules con­tained in Article VIII of the Constitution and Rules. In case an ineligible girl is used in any league game, knowingly or unknowingly, the minimum penalty shall be forfeiture of the game. 17. Basketball Code.-By accepting this plan, the coach and other offi­cials of each school pledge themselves to act in the spirit of the "Basket­ball Code" and to foster this spirit among the players. 18. Eligibility Blanks and Season Report.-Each school shall fill out an eligibility blank in duplicate furnished by the League, these blanks to be signed by superintendent or principal, one mailed to the State Office, and one filed with the Chairman of the District Executive Committee, before the school is allowed to take part in any game. Failure to furnish correct and complete information shall constitute grounds for suspension. At the end of the season the superintendent or principal of each school shall send to the State Office a list of all players who have participated in basketball during the season as representatives of the school. Failure to submit a correct and complete list shall constitute grounds for suspension. 19. Guarantees.-The visiting team always has the right to demand a guarantee sufficient to cover all expenses and in addition 50 per cent of the net gate receipts of the contest. A demand of a flat guarantee which is clearly in excess of expenses, shall upon action of the State or District Executive Committee, disqualify offending team for further participation. [Note.-In this connection, expenses of visiting teams, officials, adver­tising, labor, services, and printing incident to the contest, shall be con­sidered as expenses of the game. Number of men allowed upon expense account shall he agreed upon by coaches or managers of teams involved. Unless mutually agreeable otherwise, the home team shall furnish a play­ing court without cost to the visiting school.] 20. Officia/,s.-All officials must be satisfactory to both parties and agreed upon in advance. Teams are urged always to secure outside officials. The visiting team should insist upon an agreement on officials prior to the day of the game. A school that refuses to play a game because the officials agreed upon have not been secured shall not be considered as breaking its contract. The responsibility to engage satisfactory officials is upon the home school. Beginning a game with an official constitutes agreement. 21. Place of Game.-The District Executive Committee in arranging a schedule within the district shall determine the place of games in case of disagreement between two teams. 22. Protests.-All protests must be made to the proper committee within twenty-four hours after the game is played, except that a protest based on the alleged ineligibility of a player may be made at any time; provided, it is made immediately upon discovery of the facts on which the protest is based. Protests must be made in writing end signed by the superintendent or principal. A protest based on an official's decision will not be considered. In passing upon eligibility of players the District Committee acts in a judicial capacity. A proper judicial approach involves reasonable notice (i.e., sufficient to permit an answer to charges made or issues raised), an opportunity for a fair hearing, and an unbiased decision based upon the evidence presented. 23. School Authorities Responsible.-Responsibility for the proper con­duct of basketball in a school system shall rest with the superintendent. All contracts and arrangements for games shall be made between superintend­ents and principals. The control and management of all games shall be under the supervision of the superintendent or principal. 24. Awards for State Tournament.-ln the State Tournament a silver trophy is provided for the winning team, a cup for the runner-up and a shield for the third place team as well as medals as follows: ten gold medals for the winning team, ten silver medals for the runner-up and ten bronze medals for the third place team. 25. Rebate to the Regional and State Tournaments.-All funds collected from concessions and admissions at the Regional and State Tournaments in excess of the amount necessary to defray the incidental expenses of the meet shall be prorated up to 100 per cent to the contesting teams on the basis of 10 cents per mile, both ways. If after rebate on expenses there is a balance in the fund received from gate receipts and concessions, this balance shall be equally divided among the schools participating in the tournament. 26. State Tournament.~The "draw" for the State Tournament shall be made by the Athletic Director of the League in the presence of witnesses, as soon as the regiona·l champions have been determined and reported to the State Office. 27. Breach of Contract.-Any school which qualifies for a District, Re· gional or State play-off in basketball and fails to participate or complete the official schedule of games, unless excused for valid reasons by the State Executive Committee, shall be guilty of a breach of contract. Schools vio­lating the provisions of this rule shall lose all rebate privileges for said tournament and shall be suspended from basketball for a period of not to exceed one calendar year. 28. Medical Certificate.-There shall be on file in each school a medical certificate and a permit from the girl's parents or guardian granting their permission for her to play, for each girl who participates in any game which counts on League standing. 29. Chaperonage.-It is recommended that in the case of a male coach a woman appointed by school officials be assigned to accompany the team on all trips and at games. 30. Post-Season Participation.-No member of a high-school basketball team shall be allowed to participate as a player on a non-school basketball team following the close of a school's regular schedule. 31. Playing Rules.-The NSGWS Official Basketball Rules with modifi· cations approved by the Girls' Basketball Committee shall govern League girls' basketball. Copies of the Official Rules with modifications may be secured from the League office. Tennis 1. Eligibility.-The eligibility rules laid down in Article VIII of the Constitution shall be strictly observed in all tennis contests in this League. 2. Divisions.-There shall be the following divisions in the respective conferences (only juniors in Grade-School meets): (1) Senior boys, singles and doubles; (2) Senior girls, singles and doubles; (3) Junior boys, singles and doubles; ( 4) Junior girls, singles and doubles. 3. Juniors' Choice.-Juniors may elect to enter the senior division but may not enter both junior and senior divisions. 4. Regional Contests.-The senior winners of first places in district con­tests, singles and doubles, boys and girls, are eligible to enter the regional contests. (See Rule 15 below.) 5. State Contests.-The winning contestants in the regional contests in Conferences B, A, and AA may enter the final State contest. 6. Number of Sets.-In all matches except the finals in the district, re­gional, and State contests, the best two out of three sets shall determine the winners; in all final matches for boys the best three out of five sets shall determine the winners. In all girls' matches the best two out of three sets shall determine the winners. No player or team shall be required to play more than two matches per day and there shall be a minimum of one hour rest for a team or player between the close of one contest and the beginning of another. 7. How to Enter.-lt shall be the duty of each school desiring to enter the district meets to notify the district athletic director, giving names of the players and a certificate of their eligibility signed by the principal or superintendent, at least ten days before the time of such contest. Further­more, each winning school in a district, or regional contest shall at once notify the athletic director of the next higher meet at least five days prior to the time of such contest, sending names and eligibility certificates of the players. 8. Officials.-The athletic director in each contest shall provide a man­ager and the proper number of umpires for such contests; and in all tourna­ments the director in charge shall have authority to arrange for officials subject to the approval of the appropriate executive committee. 9. Foot Faults.-Both feet must be kept behind the line, and one foot must remain on the ground behind the line until the ball is delivered. There must be no step, hop, or jump. This rule will be strictly enforced at the State Meet, and should be in the district, and regional meets. 10. Contestants.-If possible, enter contestants who are not in other contests. 11. Participation Limited.-No boy or girl shall be allowed to com· pete in both singles and doubles. 12. Awards.-In the State Meet a suitable trophy is awarded first place in boys' singles, boys' doubles, girls' singles, and girls' doubles. 13. No Cheering or Razzing in Tennis.-Tennis etiquette does not per· mit cheering or razzing during the match. Applauding a good play is always in order. Applauding an error is never in order. A tennis audience has always been a discreet and refined one. Any person who takes it upon him­self to berate the officials or makes himself conspicuous by razzing the teams should be requested to leave the court. 14. Substitution Rule.-The local school authorities may make a sub­stitution to fill a vacancy in tennis doubles but not in tennis singles. (Ex­ception: in tennis singles for girls the school authorities may make a sub­stitution.) After a given tournament has begun no substitution on a team which began the tournament shall be a!lowed. Please ref..:r to Rule 11 of the Spring Meet plan. 15. Qualification in Tennis.-District winners in each conference qualify for regional meets and regional winners for the State Meets in accordance with schedule provided in Rules 19 and 23 of the Spring Meet Plan. Volleyball 1. Eligibility.-The rules laid down in Article VIII of the Constitution shall be strictly observed in this contest. 2. Divisions.-There shall be the following divisions in each district (including Elementary School Meets): (1) boys; (2) girls .. 3. Representation.--Each member-school may be represented in the dis­trict meet by one team in each division. 4. Official Rules.-Unless mutually agreeable otherwise, all games shall be played under the Official Volleyball Rules (Men's Rules) adopted by the United States Volleyball Association. The official rules are well adapted for elimination play, such as is required in the League. Unless mutually agreeable otherwise, the height of the net shall he 7 fee.t 6 inches in the center of the court in High School Meets, and 6 feet 6 inches in Elementary School Meets. Also in the Elementary School Meet the court may be 50 by 25 feet. If the larger court (60 hy 30) is used, the serving dis­tance shall be 25 feet. 5. Number of Matches.-No team shall play more than two matches in one day. There shall be a :minimum of one hour rest between the close of one match and the beginning of another. Track and Field for Junior Boys 1. Eligibility.-The rules laid down in Article VIII of the Constitution shall be strictly observed in this contest. These events are open only to boys of junior age. 2. Representation.-Each member-school may be represented in the dis­trict meet by a team of junior boys subject to the following rules: a. No school shall be allowed more than three boys in each event except the relay, which requires four. b. No boy shall be allowed to participate in more than three track events, including the relay, and in not over five events altogether. c. A junior boy entered in the high-school meet is not eligible for the junior meet. 3. Events.-The events with the order in which they shall be conducted follow: Track Field 1. 50-yard dash. 1. Pull up (chinning bar) . 2. 100-yard dash. 2. Running high jump. 3. 75-yard dash. 3. Running broad jump. 4. 440-yard relay. 4. 8-pound shot put. 4. Points.-The first four places in each event count, respectively, five, three, two, and one. If less than five participate in any one event no points shall be allowed for the last place. The school that scores the greatest number of points by this method shall be declared winner; next highest, runner-up; and the next highest, third place. For points towards all-round championship, see Rule 14 of the Spring Meet Plan. Playground Baseball 1. Eligibility.-The rules laid down in Article VIII of the Constitution shall be strictly observed in this contest. 2. Divisions.-There shall be the following divisions in the respective districts (only juniors in Elementary School Meets): (1) senior boys; (2) senior girls; (3) junior boys; (4) junior girls; and each school is entitled te enter a tearn in each division. Juniors in high school may elect to play on the senior or the junior high­school team. However, they cannot play on both the junior and the senior high-school teams. 3. Playing Rules.-The official Softball Rules as adopted by joint Rules Committee of Softball and Amateur Softball Association, shall apply in all playground baseball games in this League with the following exceptions for juniors: a. The Diamond.-The bases, except the home plate, shall be llh feet square. The home plate shall be 1 foot square. Each side of the diamond shall mea!!ure 45 feet. The pitching distance shall be 35 feet. b. Spiked shoes shall not be worn by any player. c. Ground rules are to be agreed upon by the schools before each contest. These rules are not provided for in the rule book. Some of the more important rules to be agreed on are: (1) How many bases are to be allowed on an overthrow? (2) Shall the batter be declared out on the last strike if the catcher misses the ball? ( 3) Can a runner score on a passed ball at home? The playing grounds and playing conditions may make it neces­sary to provide for these contingencies. d. No team shall play more than two games in one day. There shall be a minimum of one hour rest between the close of one game and the beginning of another. High-School Track and Field (For detailed rules regarding track and field events, follow the National Collegiate Athletic Association Official Rules.) 1. Eligibility.-The rules laid down in Article VIII of the Constitution shall be strictly observed in this contest. Notice that this is not designated a "senior" contest. These events are open to boys of senior or junior age. A boy entered in the junior track and field meet is not eligible for this meet. 2. Representation.-Each member-school may·enter a team in the district meet, advancing to regional and State meets as provided in Rules 19 and 23 of the Spring Meet Plan. It shall be the duty of each school desiring to enter the district or regional meet to notify the district or regional athletic director, giving the names of the players and a certificate of their eligibility signed by the principal or superintendent, at least five days before the time of such contest. A school may enter in the next higher meet as many indi­viduals as qualified in the preceding meet. These individuals may or may not be the same individuals. In the relay event, qualification is by school and not individual. Individ­uals qualifying only as a member of the relay team may not enter any other event in next higher meet. 3. Points.-In all track meets held by the League except the State Meet, the first four places in each event count, respectively, five, three, two, and one point. If less than five participate in any event no points shall be allowed for the last place. In the State Meet points shall be given in the events as follows: first place 10 points, second place 8 points, third place 6 points, fourth place 4 points, fifth place 2 points, sixth place 1 point; except in the relays the points shall be as follows: first place 16 points, second place 10 points, third place 6 points, fourth place 4 points, fifth place 2 points, sixth place 1 point. In computing individual honors a man's record on the relay team shall also be counted; for instance, each man on the winning team shall receive four points for individual honors, etc. 4. Events.-The events, with the order in which they shall be held, are as follows: TRACK 1. I20-yard high hurdles 5. 440-yard relay 2. 100-yard dash 6. 880-yard dash 3. 440-yard dash 7. 220-yard dash 4. I80-yard low hurdles 8. I-mile run 9. I-mile relay FIELD 1. Pole vault 3. I2-pound shot put 2. Running high jump 4. Running broad jump 5. Discus throw In meets where semifinals are necessary the mile run may be included in the semifinals. 5. Preliminaries and Finals.-The preliminaries and finals for the State Meet shall be held acording to the Official Program of the meet. 6. Number in Each Event.-Each school having a sufficient number of qualified men shall be allowed not over three men in each event, excepting the relay, which requires four men. Only one relay team per school may be entered. 7. Number of Events One May Enter.-No contestant shall be allowed to compete in more than three track events, including the relays, and in not over five events altogether; and no contestant shall be allowed to enter more than one of the following events: 440-yard run, 880-yard run, mile run. This does not debar a 440, mile or half-mile man from the relay. 8. Entries for Final Meet.-At least ten days before the first day of the final meet, each school having qualified men and desiring to compete in said final meet shall send to the Director of Interscholastic Athletics, University of Texas, Austin 12, Texas, by registered mail, a list of entries, showing each event for which each man is entered. This list shall be signed by the princi­pal or other acting head of the school. Official entry blanks are furnished by the League for the convenience of member-schools and may be secured from the State Office or from the Regional Director of Athletics. 9. Closing of Entries.-No entries shall be allowed for said final meet which are not mailed to the director on or before the tenth day before the first day of the meet. 10. No Changes in Entries Allowed.-No changes in the entry list as sent in, as per Rule 8 above, shall be allowed except that a man may substituted for another in an event, provided the substitute is otherwise eligible and al­ready entered in the meet. One alternate may be entered for each relay team qualified, but no alternates are allowed for individual entries. An alternate cannot participate in any event except the relay unless he is certified as an individual entry. 11. Must Qualify in Preliminaries.-No contestant shall be allowed to compete in the finals in any event who did not compete in the preliminaries and semifinals of that event. This rule applies to the relay as well as to other events. 12. Must Be on Hand at Time Announced.-The Director of the meet shall see that the preliminaries and the finals start at the time announced for them. No excuse shall be accepted for failure of a team or contestant to appear at the time announced for the meet to start, and any contestant who fails for any reason to be on hand at the time of the preliminaries shall for­feit his right to compete either in the preliminaries or the finals. 13. Officials.-The Interscholastic League Athletic Director shall have general charge of the final meet, and the district, and regional athletic di­rectors shall have charge of the district, and regional meets, respectively. It shall be the duty of such directors to provide officials, secure entries, ar­range programs, and attend to such matters as may be required for the proper conduct of the meets. Each meet shall be under the direction of: The director of athletics, one referee, two or more inspectors, three or more field judges, four or more judges at the finish, three or more timekeepers, one starter, one clerk of the course, one scorer, one clerk of the field, one marshal, one announcer, and such assistants to these officials as may be necessary. 14. Protests.-(See Article XII). 15. Coach Not Allowed on Field.-At the final State Meet coaches and other school officials will not be allowed on the field. 16. No Extra Trials for Record.-Winners in the shot put, discus throw, and running broad jump at the State Meet will not be allowed extra trials for a State record. Those who qualify for the finals will be allowed three addi­tional trials, and the contestant will be credited with his best performance whether it was made in the preliminaries or in the finals. 17. Observe Rules.-Each teach shall observe faithfully all rules con­tained in Article VIII of the Constitution and Rules. In case an ineligible man is used in any League meet, knowingly or unknowingly, the minimum penalty shall be the disqualification of the track team. 18. Eligibility Blanks.-Each school shall fill out eligibility blanks furnished by the League for each track and field contestant, one blank to be filed with the conference director general, and one to be sent to the State Office. These blanks are to be filled out and sent in before a contestant is allowed to participate in a League meet. 19. Qualification.-District winners in each conference qualify for re­gional meets and regional winners for the State Meet in accordance with schedule provided in Rules 19 and 23 of the Spring Meet Plan. 20. Starting Blocks.-Contestants will be required to use starting blocks at the State Track Meet, and no exception to this rule will be made. 21. Track Coaches Must Be Employees of School Board.-A track team is not eligible in the Interscholastic League whose head coach or whose as­sistant coach is not a full-time employee of the school board of the school which the team represents. CAUTION All directors are reminded that certain events such as the discus and shot are dangerous and proper precautions should be taken. To avoid accidents spectators should be kept off the field and contestants, not actually com­peting, should remain in their assigned quarters. Baseball Plan The Baseball Code.-The baseball code means lo play the game in the spirit of fairness and clean sportsmanship; to observe all rules and not at­tempt to take unfair advantage of the other team. It means to accept decisions of officials without protest; to treat your opponents as your guests, and to put clean play and real sportsmanship above victories. It means the ability to win without boasting and to lose without grudge. "Victory is no great matter. The important thing in sport is the manly striving to excel and the good feeling it fosters between those who play fair and have no excuse when they lose." 1. Eligible Schools.-No school shall participate in League baseball unless its acceptance of this plan is on file in the State Office by March 1 and its fees are paid for the present school year. A school which does .not participate in baseball after signing the acceptance card may be suspended in this activity for a period of one year, unless sufficient justification is shown for not entering a team. A non-participating school the preceding year de­siring to participate shall so notify the State Office one year in advance. The application for membership in the Baseball Plan by the superintend­ent or principal shall be authorized and approved by the local school board or trustees. 2. Baseball Coaches Must Be Employees of School Board.-A baseball team is not eligible in the Interscholastic League whose head coach or whose assistant coach is not a full-time employee of the school board of the school which the team represents. 3. Districts and Conferences.-The State shall be divided into districts and conferences, and competition will extend to a State championship in Conference AA, to a regional championship in A, and to a bi-district championship in Conference B. Schools are assigned to conferences by the State Office as specified in Rule 2 of the Spring Meet Plan. The State Office shall have authority to determine the dates for deciding district, bi-district, regional and State championships. It is planned to have all regional and State championships after the close of the school in order not to conflict with final examinations and activities associated with the closing of school. If feasible, it is planned later to extend the baseball program on into the summer. 4. Playing Rules.-The "Official Baseball Rules" published by the C. C. Spink Company of St. Louis, Missouri, under the auspices of The Sporting News governs League baseball. 5. District Organizations.-The temporary chairman for the district shall call a meeting of all participating schools in the district, preferably in the early part of February but in any case not later than March 15. At this meeting a District Executive Committee shall be created composed of school superintendents or principals from participating schools. Each participating school present shall have one vote. At lease two alternates should be elected to serve in case members of the committee are disqualified. If only one mem­ber is disqualified the first-named alternate should serve. A member of the committee shall be disqualified to act in a case in which his school is one of the two involved. In each new district, and in case of vacancies, a temporary chairman shall be appointed by the State Office. It shall be the duty of the chairman to call the organization meeting. It shall be the duty of the superintendent, principal, or coach in each school competing under this plan, to inform himself regarding the district chafrman, time of meeting, etc. If the chairman moves from the district without calling a meeting, each school in the district has a responsibility to notify the State Office so that another chairman may be named. 6. Duties of District Executive Committee.-It shall be the duty of the District Executive Committee: a. To enforce all rules and regulations, to settle all disputes and all questions of eligibility arising inside the district. There shall be no appeal from any decision rendered by this committee. b. To certify to the State Office an eligible district champion on the date set for each respective conference, after which the committee's functions cease. In case of dispute, certification to the State Office shall be in the form of a written notice naming the eligible school and must be signed by a majority of members of the Executive Committee; provided the State Committee shall have the authority to reject any district champion whose District Committee has adopted any rule or regulation limiting the eligibility of players beyond the requirements set forth in the Constitution and RlJles and the Baseball Plan. c. In districts that have more than ten participating schools suh­districts may be created, in which case schedules shall be arranged in the sub-districts to close in sufficient time to schedule an elim­ Constitution and Rules, Interscholastic League ination game or series so that the district championship may be determined. Districts with fewer than ten schools may be sub· divided. The subdivision of a district shall contain an equal number of teams, or as nearly equal as can be; e.g., a district having seven teams shall be divided on a 3-4basis. d. To investigate and check the eligibility of players in the district and to furnish to member-schools in the districts a list of eligible players submitted by each school and to investigate transfers with a view to determining whether or not transfers are bona fide. In case the transfer is not considered bona fide by the District Com­mittee, it shall have the power to declare the contestant in question ineligible for baseball. e. To uphold the principle that high-school baseball is worth while in the school as an educational force when properly controlled. Efforts on the part of any school official or local "fan" to recruit players shall be considered a violation of this principle and shall subject the school at fault to disqualification. Disqualification may be made by the committee after the school concerned has been given an opportunity to be heard in its own defense. When a school is disqualified it shall remain on the disqualified list until the superintendent has convinced the committee that the errors com· plained of have been removed and that he, the superintendent, can guarantee the proper conduct of baseball in his school. 7. Expenses of District Committee.-The District Executive Committee has authority to outline and put into operation a plan for financing its meet­ings under the following restriction: If the assessment plan is used the assess­ment for any school shall not exceed one-half of its regular League member­ship fee. The failure of a school promptly to pay its assessment, after having been notified, shall subject it to a penalty of elimination from consideration for district honors. If a school refuses or fails to pay its assessment after the close of the season, it may be debarred from participation the following year or until the amount is paid. At the close of the season the District Executive Committee shall furnish each participating school in the district a financial statement showing all receipts and disbursements for the season. 8. Games That Count on Percentage.-lnter-conference or inter-district games between participating schools shall not count on a team's percentage. A defeat by a nonparticipating Texas high school, except by a junior high school or dormitory school, regardless of size or date, shall eliminate a school so defeated from the district race. A defeat by a school not eligible to membership in the League shall not count. 9. A Practice Game.-A practice game to which no admission is charged which is not on an announced schedule and which is not regularly conducted by an official or officials shall not count as a game. 10. Breaking Contracts.-A game cancelled after contract has been signed, unless both parties agree to the cancellation, shall be forfeited to the team not at fault. 11. Observe Rules.-Each school shall observe faithfully all rules con­tained in Article VIII of the Constitution and Rules, except that Section 2 shall not disqualify a contestant during the baseball season, who is eligible in all other respects at the time of spring graduation. This exception refers only to contestants whose district competition extends into the summer from the end of school. In case an ineligible man is used in any League game, knowingly or unknowingly, the minimum penalty shall be forfeiture of the game. 12. Baseball (ode.-By accepting this plan, the coach and other officials of each school pledge themselves to act in the spirit of the baseball code, and to foster this spirit among the players. 13. Eligibility Blanks.-Each school shall fill out an eligibility blank in duplicate furnished by the League, these blanks to be signed by superin­tendent or principal, one mailed to the State Office, and one filed with the Chairman of the District Executive Committee, before the school is allowed to take part in any game. Failure to furnish correct and complete informa­tion shall constitute grounds for suspension. 14. Guarantees.-The visiting team always has the right to demand a guarantee sufficient to cover all expenses and in addition 50 per cent of the net gate receipts of the contest. A demand of a flat guarantee which is clearly in excess of expenses, shall upon action of the State or District Executive Committee, disqualify offending team for further participation. [Note.-In this connection, expenses of visiting teams, officials, advertis­ing, labor, services, and printing incident to the contest, shall be considered as expenses of the game. Number of men allowed upon expense account shall be agreed upon by coaches or managers of teams involved. Unless mutually agreeable otherwise, the home team shall furnish a playing field without cost to the visiting school.] 15. Officials.-All officials must be satisfactory to both parties and agreed upon in advance. Teams are urged always to secure outside officials. The visiting team should insist upon an agreement on officials prior to the day of the game. A school that refuses to play a game because the officials agreed upon have not been secured shall not be considered as breaking its contract. The responsibility to engage satisfactory officials is upon the home school. Beginning a game with an official constitutes agreement. 16. Place of Game.-The District Executive Committee in arranging a schedule within the district shall determine the place of games in case of disagreement between two teams. All inter-district and intra-district games shall consist of seven innings (unless tied). By mutual consent they may play nine-inning games. Bi-district championships shall be determined by playing the best two out of three games unless mutually agreeable to play one game. In case there is a dispute regarding the site or time of a game it shall be settled by the flip of a coin. No member of this League shall play any game on Sunday. 17. Protests.-All protests must be made to the proper committee within twenty-four hours after the game is played, except that a protest based on the alleged ineligibility of a player may be made at any time; provided, it is made immediately upon discovery of the facts on which the protest is based. Protests must be made in writing and signed by superintendent or principal. A protest based on an official's decision will not be considered. 18. School Authorities Responsible.-Responsibility for the proper con­duct of baseball in a school system shall rest with the superintendent. All contracts and arrangements for games shall be made between superintend­ents and principals. The control and management of all games shall be under the supervision of the superintendent or principal. 19. Breach of Contract.-Any school which qualifies for a regional or State tournament in baseball and fails to participate or complete the official schedule of games, unless excused for valid reasons by the regional com­mittee or the State Executive Committee, respectively, shall be guilty of a breach of contract. Schools violating the provisions of this rule shall lose all rebate privileges for said tournament and shall be suspended from base­ball for a period of not to exceed one calendar year. 20. Rebate to the Regional and Suue Tournaments.-All funds collected from concessions and admissions at the Regional and State Tournaments in excess of the amount necessary to defray the incidental expenses of the meet shall be prorated up to 100 per cent to the contesting teams on the basis of 10 cents per mile one way. If after rebate on expenses there is a balance in the fund received from gate receipts and concessions, this balance shall be equally divided among the schools participating in the tournament. Golf 1. Eligibility.-The rules laid down in Article VIII of the Constitution shall be strictly observed in this contest. The University of Texas Publication 2. Diviswns.-There shall be the following divisions in AA, A, and B Conference districts: (1) boys' singles; (2) boys' team (to consist of four boys from the same high school) . The singles representative may also be a member of the team, provided he is so designated. (The medalist for each respective meet is singles champion, regardless of whether he is a team or a singles entry.) 3. Representation.-(a) At the district meet each high school may enter three boys' singles and two boys' teams. (b) Each district may qualify to the region two boys' singles and two boys' teams. ( c) Each region shall certify to the State Meet one boys' singles and one boys' team. 4. Official Rules.-All matches shall be played under the United States Golf Association Rules. 5. Number of Matches.-Singles and team play shall be over a total of 36 holes; 18 holes to be played in the morning and 18 holes in the after· noon. (By mutual consent singles and team play may be limited to 18 holes in the district meet.) Ties shall be determined by playing an additional hole or holes until the tie is broken. 6. Honors.-All entries in the various golf meets will play a total of 36 holes (18 holes on district level if mutually agreeable), and the individual with the lowest score will be the medalist. The medalist may be the repre­sentative in the singles or he may be a member of the team. In other words, the individual regardless of the event entered, who has the lowest score, will win the medalist honors and be the singles winner. Team honors shall be determined by adding the scores of the four boys who enter as a unit, and the team with the lowest score will be the group winner. Appendix I Prizes in Final Contest Debate, Boys, Conferences AA and A.-Plaque. Debate, Girls, Conferences AA and A.-Plaque. Debate, Conference B.-Plaque. Declamation, Boys, each conference.-Plaque. Declamation, Girls, each conference.-Plaque. Extemporaneous Speech, Boys, each conference.-Plaque. Extemporaneous Speech, Girls, each conference.-Plaque. One-Act Play, each conference.-Plaque. One-Act Play.-lndividual awards. Samuel French awards for best act­ ing; League gold medals for All-Star Cast members. Poetry Reading, Boys, each conference.-Plaque. Poetry Reading, Girls, each conference.-Plaque. Ready Writers, each conference.-Plaque. Typewriting, each conference.-Plaque. Shorthand, each conference.-Plaque. Journalism, each conference.-Plaque. Slide Rule, each conference.-Plaque. Number Sense, each conference.-Plaque. High-School Track, each conference.-Permanent Cup. Relays, each conference.-Plaque. Tennis: Boys and Girls Doubles, each conference.-Plaque. Boys and Girls Singles, each conference.-Plaque. Medals.--Gold, silver, and bronze medals for first, second, and third place winners, respectively, in each event of the golf and track meets, and for declamation, extemporaneous speech, poetry reading, ready writers, shorthand, journalism, slide rule, number sense, and typewriting; also gold . and silver medals to winners of first and second places in tennis and debate. Medals are individual awards and belong to the winning contestants. Basketball.-The University permanent trophies for winner, runner-up, and third place in State Tournament, gold medals for members of the winning team and silver medals for members of runner-up team, and bronze medals for members of the third place team. Baseball.-The University permanent trophies for winner, runner-up, and third place in State Tournament, gold medals for members of winning team and silver medals for members of runner-up team, and bronze medals for members of the third place team. Football.-Permanent trophy, regulation-sized football, plaque for run­ner-up. Spelling.-One hundred per cent spelling certificate. Appendix II Schedule-Making In order to conduct a round-robin, first number the teams. This should be done by chance, allowing each team to draw its number, or, if repre­sentatives of teams are not present, appoint someone to draw for each team. Have the drawing witnessed by signatures of those present and file for future reference, in case question concerning drawing arises. Suppose there are seven teams. Since seven is an odd number, one team must stand by as each round is matched. The first round is arranged by writing the numbers down in their order, 1, 2, 3, in column form and then 4, 5, 6, 7 in column form up to the left, setting 4 opposite 3, S opposite 2, 6 opposite 1, and 7 at the top for the "bye." Repeat this arrangement except to drop the posi­tion of "l" down one space each time until it reaches the bottom and then move its position to the left and up to top of left column, and you have completely laid out each of the round-robin schedule, thus: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 6--1 5-7 4-6 3-5 2-4 1-3 7-2 5-2 4-1 3-7 2---6 1-5 7-4 6--3 4-3 3-2 2-1 1-7 7---6 6--5 5-4 This arrangement holds good for any odd number. Keep your eye on the "l"-it revolves. Contrariwise, if the number of teams is even, "l" remains stationary, and the "2" revolves, thus: 1-2 1-8 1-7 1---6 1-5 1-4 1-3 8-3 7-2 6--8 5-7 4---6 3-5 2-4 7-4 6--3 5-2 4-8 3-7 2---6 8-5 6--5 5-4 4--3 3-2 2-8 8-7 7---6 A round-robin for three teams is arranged thus: 3-2-1­ 2-1 1-3 3-2 For four teams, thus: 1-2 1-4 1-3 4--3 3-2 2-4 For five teams, thus: 5-4-3-2-1­4-1 3-5 2-4 1-3 5-2 3-2 2-1 1-5 5-4 4--3 For six teams, thus: 1-2 1--6 1-5 1-4 1-3 6-3 5-2 4---6 3-5 2-4 5-4 4-3 3-2 2--6 6-5 [Note.-In using this scheme in debate, choice of sides may be deter­mined for the first round by prescribing that teams drawing odd numbers take the negative and teams drawing even numbers take the affirmative.] After the draw in a round-robin the announcement of the matches and dates should be furnished the newspapers. Determining Percentage After each contest, the "Standard of Teams" should be computed in the usual manner, and given proper publicity. The formula for determining percentage follows: Let x equal "Games Won" and y equal "Games Played"; then x -X 1000 =Percentage. y Drawing a Tournament The principle of seeding may be adopted by any League committee. If the number of teams entered is a power of two, no byes are drawn, as in four, eight, sixteen, thirty-two, etc. Brackets are arranged, as follows: First Round Semifinal Final Winner ~: _:_: :_:_~~~~:} -----1 3. ---------------------------1 J-------------- --------------1 4. ---------------------------J ~ ----------------------------­ ---··------------------------­ 5. ------------------------ - 1__________ -------------------1 J 6. ---------------------------J ?. ------------------- -------1 J ~ ----------------------------­ 8. ---------------------------J Directions for Filling Brackets: Put names of the teams in a hat and have someone draw them one at a time, and as each name is drawn, write it into the bracket at "l" and continuing until the name of each of the eight teams is written into the "first round" in the order drawn. In debate, odd numbers are assigned the affirmative for the first round, and even numbers assigned the negative for the first round. The winner of the 1-2 match is written into the first line of the "semifinal column"; the winner of the 3-4 match is written into the second line for semifinal competition. The lower bracket is filled in with the winners of the 5---6 and 7-8 matches, respectively. Win­ners of the semifinals then compete for the championship of the tournament. In case, however, the number of teams entered is not a power of two, another arrangement is necessary. If, for example, seven teams are entered, subtract seven from the next power of two, which is eight, and you have the number of byes, namely, one. Place "l" at the head of the semifinal column, as a"bye" and bracket the remaining numbers for the "first round." Number 1 then competes in the semifinal with the winner of the 2-3 match of the "first round," while the lower bracket is brought out in identically the same way as the lower bracket in the illustration given for an eight-team tourna­ment. If there are nine teams entered, subtract nine from the next power of two (16) and you have seven byes. Divide the byes between the top and the bottom of the brackets, thus: First Round Second Round Semifinals Final Winner 1------------------------l 2.----------------------·}---------------------­ 3.-----------------------1 4.___________ __________ } 1---------------- ----­ ------------------------· J 5·-----------------------· 6. }·············--1 7. 8. }·-·--J 9. ~---------------------­ Appendix III Current Publications Issued by The University Interscholastic League Those ordering bulletins should read carefully the description of the bulletin given below and the terms upon which it is distributed. Stamps are not accepted in payment for bulletins, and bulletins are not sent C.O.D. or on account. Cash in the form of money order, express order, currency, or personal check must accompany order. Please do not include your membership fee and your order for bulletins or other materials in one remittance. Do not expect the bulletins to travel as rapidly as first-class mail. Wait a reasonable time before sending in an inquiry concerning an order previously given. If it is necessary to telegraph an order, the money should be telegraphed also, as otherwise the order must be held up awaiting remil,tance. When the term "League School" is used in this list it is meant to refer to a school which is a member of The University Interscholastic League. Reduced prices do not apply on cumu"lative orders. For instance, a school ordering SO copies one time and SO at another time does not receive these at the rate given on lots of 100. Bulletins ordered are not subject to exchange, nor will money be refunded for same. Constitution and Rules of the Interscholastic League 1954-55. No. 5415, 173 pages, 25 cents per copy. Contains rules and regulations governing all contests of The University Interscho­lastic League. Free copy is sent to the principal of the school. Additional copies may be purchased at 25 cents per copy. The Interscholastic Leaguer. Monthly publications official organ of the League, mailed free on request to any teacher in Texas who is coaching or training pupils for participation in League contests. Debate Debate Question: Resolved, That the Federal Government Should Initiate a Policy of Free Trade Among Nations Friendly to the United States. Official Debate Handbook for 1954-55. Volume I, 75 cents per copy. Volume II (Supplement), 75 cents per copy. Specially prepared articles, reprints from books and magazines, analysis of the question, and bibliography. Every debater should have a copy of each volume. World Trade. Specially prepared brief and detailed bibliography on the 1954­55 debate questions. 25 cents per copy. This mimeographed brief gives a detailed outline of the 1954-55 debate question on the affirmative, negative and general aspects of the question. The bibliography includes not only the names and titles of pertinent books and articles, but also the addresses of the publishers where the material may be secured. War Service. Official debate handbook for 1951-52 scholastic year. Volumes I and II, 60 cents per volume. Each volume contains about 220 pages of specially prepared articles, reprints from various sources, analysis of the question, and a bibliography. Recommended for practice debate, since this question is still of wide interest and importance. Severance Tax (1948-49). No. 4819, 30 cents per copy. More than two hundred pages of arguments pro and con, briefs, reprints, and bibli­ography on the question: "Resolved, That the State of Texas should increase the sever­ance tax on its natural resources." Required Arbitration of Labor Disputes (1947-48). No. 4737, 30 cents per copy. Contains briefs and arguments pro and con on the following query: "Resolved, That the Federal Government should re.quire arbitration of labor disputes in all basic Ameri­can industries." Medical Care. Official debate handbook for 1946-47 scholastic year. Volume I, 60 cents per copy. Supplement 60 cents per copy. The official debate handbook has more than 200 uages and contains arguments pro and con on the debate-question adopted by the League as the official question for 1946­ 47. There is much materiol on both sides of this question. Recommended for practice debates. Compulsory Military Training. Official debate handbook for 1945-46 scholas­tic year, 60 cents per copy. This bulletin of more than 200 pages contains arguments pro and con on the debate question adopted by the League as the official question for 1945-46. Recommended for practice debates. Equalization of Educational Opportunity (1941). No. 4138, 250 pages, 25 cents per copy. This bulletin contains arguments pro and con on the Interscholastic League debate query for the school year 1941-42. It also contains affirmative, negative and general briefs, as well as an exhaustive analysis of the question and a classified bibliography. It was prepared by Dr. Joseph Ray, Professor of Government in the North Texas State Teachers College. Equalizing Educational Opportunity, two volumes. 1934, Vol. I, 220 pages; Vol. II, 224 pages, IO cents per volume. These two bulletins were prepared by Mr. Bower Aly for debates in the League dur­ing the school year of 1934-35. This is an excellent debate question. Debate classes, literary societies, and debate clubs will find a discussion of this question very stimu­lating. The Natural Resource Tax (1940), No. 4038, 250 pages, 25 cents per copy. The debate question for the school year 194-0-41 proposed an increase in taxes on natural resources and this bulletin contains a wealth of material, both negative and affirmative. It also contains suggestive briefs. It was prepared under the direction of Professor Thomas A. Rousse, of the Public Speaking Department, The University of Texas. The Sales Tax, No. 3838, 250 pages, 25 cents per copy. This was the League handbook on the debate query for the school year 1938-39. It contains suggestive briefs, selected arguments, bibliography, etc., all bearing on the debate query: "Resolved, That Texas Should Adopt a Uniform Retail Sales Tax." It was prepared by Professor George Hester and Professor Thomas A. Rousse. Texas Legislature: One House or Two? No. 3738, 250 pages, 25 cents per copy. This was the League handbook on the debate query for the school year 1937-38. It contains suggestive briefs, selected arguments, bibliography, etc., all bearing on the debate query, "Resolved, That Texas Should Adopt the One House Legislature." It was prepared by Dr. Joe M. Ray, Associate Professor of Government in the North Texas State Teachers College. Nationalization of Munitions (1936), No. 3638, 225 pages, 10 cents. The question for debate in all Interscholastic League matched debates for the 1936-­37 school year was: "Resolved, That the Manufacture of Munitions of War Should 'Be a Government Monopoly." Professor Thomas A. Rousse, Debate Coach at The Univer­sity of Texas, prepared this bulletin covering practically every phase of the query. The bulletin contains general, negative, and affirmative briefs, bibliography, selected argu­ments, etc., using, of course, only the most eminent authorities in the field. Limiting Taxes on Tangible Property, No. 3228, 10 cents. Contains briefs, selected arguments and authentic statistics on the following debate query: "Resolved, That at least one-half of all State and local revenues in Texas should be derived from sources other than taxes on tangible property." This bulletin was pre­pared by C. A. Duval, Ph.D., Instructor in Economics, The University of Texas. Declamation Junior and Senior Declamation Bibliography, No. 5421, 10 cents. A list of books and publications containing either Junior or Senior Declamations. Some contain both Senior and Junior Declamations. Drama Loan Service Drama Loan Service. The Director of Speech and Drama Activities has available a loan library of one­and three-act plays and other materials which may be borrowed by any speech or drama teacher to assist her in the selection of plays and programs. (A nominal charge is made to cover the postage.) Mathematics Developing Number Sense (1945), No. 4526, 32 pages, 15 cents. Written by John W. Calhoun, Professor of Applied Mathematics, The University of Texas. This bulletin is a revision of the bulletin issued by the League under the same title in 1925. It contains directions to the teacher and to the student for developing "number sense," that is, an ability to solve quickly arithmetical problems with a fair degree of accuracy without the use of pencil or paper. It is old-fashioned "mental" arithmetic systematically presented. This bulletin is used as a basis for conference con­tests in arithmetic. It contains more than a thousand problems_. Single copies, 15 cents; $1.50 per dozen, $12.50 per 100. Slide Rule Test Sheets. For practice tests in slide rule. Two cents per copy. Key for grading problems is sent with each order. No order filled for less than five copies of a given test. Be careful in ordering to call for Slide Rule tests. Orders are limited to one dozen from each series of tests at the prices quoted above. Beginner's Slide Rule Manual (1952), No. 5217, 50 cents per copy. Bulletin of 4-0 pages giving detailed instruction in use of slide rule and many illus­trations. Number Sense Test Sheets. For practice tests in number sense. Two cents per sheet. Key for grading problems is sent with each order. No order filled for less than ten copies of a given test. Be care­ful in ordering to call for number sense tests. Music Prescribed Music for 1954-55. Price 50c per copy. Bulletin 5420. This bulletin contains the complete list of prescribed music for solos, ensembles, choirs, bands, and orchestras to be used during the school year, 1954-55, in Regional Music Competition-Festivals. The Role of Music in General Education (1948). No. 4801. By Dr. Hobart H. Sommers, Principal, Austin High School, Chicago, Ill. Making Friends in Music Land, Book II (1926). No. 2637. 75 pages. 10 cents. This bulletin was prepared by Dr. Lota Spell for use in the Music Memory contests in the League a number of years ago. It is an excellent supplementary reader and may be correlated with music appreciation work. Twenty classical selections are treated. Five cents per copy in quantities of ten or more. Single copies, 10 cents. Making Friends in Music Land, Book VI (1935). No. 3540, 80 pages, 10 cents. Same description as Book II, except that different selections are treated. Single copies 10 cents; twelve copies for $1.00. Making Friends in Music Land. Book VIII (1941). No. 4140, 100 pages, price 15 cents per copy. Each of the selections contained in the 1942-43 music memory list receives attention in this bulletin. Also there are suggestions to teachers and pupils which assist in the study of the various requirements of the Interscholastic League contest in Music Appre­ciation. Teachers find this little book quite a help in enlisting the interest pf pupils and in systematizing the study of the selections. Sing We all Noel, Christmas and Twelfth Night Suggestions for Home, School, Church, Recreation Center, Club and Community, by Augustus Delafield Zanzig. No. 4147, 42 pages. Price 15 cents per copy. Now is the time to begin preparation for a big Christmas celebration in school and community. Music is the soul of the Christmas celebration, and here in this bulletin you will find many suggestions, not only for music but for various ceremonials. Lists of suitable plays, festivals, pageants, and lists of carols are appended. Very valuable for reference. Plays A Prescribed List of Plays, 20 pages, 15 cents per copy. A list of 350 one-act play titles for use in League contests. Listed according to title, author, number of characters, type, royalty, and publisher. A brief sketch about the plot is given with each play. Shorthand Shorthand Tests. Seventy-word, eighty-word, and ninety-word shorthand tests, of the same nature a~ tests used in Interscholastic League Shorthand Tournaments. Two cents per test. Typewriting Typewriting Tests. Fifteen-minute typing tests, of the same nature as tests used in Interscholastic League Typewriting Tournaments, spaces counted. Two cents per copy. Spelling Word List for Interscholastic League Spelling Contest (1954-55), 5 cents per copy. The word lists for the three divisions in this contest are published in this bulletin, making a supplementary list for those appearing in the State adopted texts. Both the texts and the word lists are necessary for preparing pupils to engage in this contest. In quantities, 50 cents per dozen or $3.00 per hundred. Art Appreciation Picture Memory Bulletin (1954), 25 cents per copy. Mimeographed. This bulletin contains the official list of pictures to be used in the 1954--55 Picture Memory Contest. Each picture and artist on the list is discussed in the bulletin. Writ­ten in a manner suitable for study by children. Miscellaneous Athletics-For Better or Worse. By Dr. Chas. W. Flint, formerly Chancellor, Syracuse University, 30 pages. Dr. Flint is a recognized authority on athletics. His analysis of the evils of athletics is keen and searching, while his estimate of the educational value of athletics is based not only on theoretical study, but upon years of experience in practical administration of the same in school and college. Free on request to member schools; to others, 5 cents per copy. Girls' Basketball Guide. 1954-55. Price per copy 25 cents. This publication contains the rules governing Interscholastic League girls' baskl"tball play. Relationship of Scholarship in School to Later Success in Life. Fifteen-page pamphlet containing reprint of a series of articles by Dr. H. Y. Benedir:t, late President of The University of Texas, published in The Interscholastic Leaguer. It disposes finally of the old contention that the poor student stands best chance of later success in life. The problem is attacked statistically and the answer is conclusive. Many superintendents and principals will want to pass this information on to high school pupils through auditorium talks and on other occasions. Sent only in ra~e legal. sized stamped and addressed envelope is enclosed with request. Speech Teaching. A Vital Problem in Public Education, by Harry G. Barne~, Ph.D. The Interscholastic League Breakfast and Section Meeting, November Z7, 1936, voted unanimously to request the League to issue Dr. Barnes' address in pamphlet form. This was accordingly done and it is now available for anyone interested who will enclose with request a legal-sized stamped ana addressed envelope. The Speech Teacher and Competition (1941), No. 4142, 75 pages, 25 cents per copy. Part I of this bulletin, the use of competitions as a method of teaching, is discussed from a historical and theoretical standpoint by Roy Bedichek, former Director of The University Interscholastic League. Part II is written by F. L. Winship, former Director of Speech Activities in the Interscholastic League. It is designed to be of practical assistance to teachers who have undertaken the work of sponsoring dramatic, extempo­raneous speech or declamation contests in their respective schools. Even experienced teachers will find Part II quite worthy of study; those assigned contest duties hut in­experienced in this field will find it invaluable. U.I.L. Athletic Record Handbook-106 pages, 50 cents. Complete history of U.l.L. athletic program. Gives champions, records, etc., for League sponsored athletics from origin through 1953. All orders for bulletins or other League publications should be addressed to THE UNIVERSITY INTERSCHOLASTIC LEAGUE University Station, Box 8028 Austin 12, Texas Appendix IV Scholarships The College Government Association of the Texas State College for Women, Denton, has undertaken to supply funds for scholarships to Inter­scholastic League State Meet winners. Scholarships which provide for payment of the $50 tuition charge in the Texas State College for Women are offered by the student body of the Insti­tution, through its College Government Association, for the winning girl contestants at The University Interscholastic League State Meet in the fol­lowing contests: 1. Journalism (any girl winning first place in any of the five contest sections). 2. Debate (any girl on winning team or on runner-up team in each con­ference). 3. Extemporaneous Speech (first place winner, girls' division in each conference) . 4. Declamation (first place winner, girls' division in each conference). 5. Dramatics (girls placed on all-star cast in each conference). 6. Poetry Reading (first place winner, girls' division in each conference). 7. Ready Writers (any girl winning first place in any conference). 8. Tennis Doubles (winning team, girls' division). 9. Tennis Singles (winner, girls' division). These scholarships are offered under the following conditions: 1. No individual is eligible for more than one scholarship. 2. No individual is eligible who is not in the upper quartile of her class in scholarship during her senior year. Girls who are not seniors at time of winning League honors will be eligible for scholarship· fol­lowing graduation provided a B average is maintained throughout the remaining high school years. 3. The scholarship is valid only for the individual who registers in the college before the end of the first semester following her graduation from high school. 4. The scholarship is good for only one year. Appendix V Results 1954 State Meet of The University Interscholastic League DEBATE Con/ ere nee B-Bettie Ethridge and Sallie Conn, Fabens. Runner-up, Susan Albright and Larry Freeman, Cooper. Conference A-Boys: Elmo Schwab and Ernest Smith, III, Gonzales. Runner-up, Jerry Epstein and John Ensle, Spring Branch (Houston). Girls: Betty Grace Copeland and Robbie Sue Johnson, Levelland. Runner-up, Mildred Williamson and Wilma Lou Pitts, Carthage. Conference AA-Boys: Harrison Wagner and Ewing Werlein, Jr., Lamar (Houston). Runner-up, Melvin Meyers and David Shapiro, S. F. Austin (Austin). Girls: Sara Alice White and Jackie Shaw, Alice. Runner-up, Jane McCasland and Kay Foltz, Tyler. GIRLS' DECLAMATION Conference B-(1) Gloria Stilley, Timpson; (2) Glenna Edmondson, Eldorado; (3) Mary Frances Roesler, Cypress-Fairbanks (Cypress) . Conference A-(1) Mary Walker, Belton; (2) Fontaine Fowler, Floydada ; (3) Anna­mae Razzetti, McGregor. Conference AA-(1) Carol Holub, Pasadena; (2) Barbara Ficklin, Kingsville; (3) Eunice Henning, Alamo Heights (San Antonio). BOYS' DECLAMATION Conference B-(I) Murray Allen, Hughe~ Springs; (2) Robert Sewell, Big Lake; (3) Don Lewis, Bandera. Conference A-(1) Lawrence Smith, Uvalde ; (2) Sessions Hammond, Merkel; (3) Bobby Hill, Cuero. Conference AA-(ll Jimmy Brannon, Lamar (Houston); (2) Orlando Garza, Austin (El Paso); Don Drennan, Abilene. GIRLS' EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEECH Conference B-(I) Danna Gibson, Bloomington; (2) Anna Lee Fitzgerald, Booker; (3) Minah Hansen, Clifton. Conference A-0) Barbara Reynolds, Dalhart; (2) Judy Parker, Cuero; (3) Sandra Williams, Grapeland. Conference AA-(1) Nancy Goosby, Milby (Houston); (2) Pat Dawson, Waco; (3) June Dickerson, Midland. BOYS' EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEECH Conference B-(l) Don Smith, Valley Mills (Iowa Park); (2) Jimmy Edens, Cor· rigan; ( 3) Arthur Speck, Menard. Conference A-(1) Lary Matthews, Dalhart; (2) James Sessions, Yoakum; (3) Bill Martin, Devine. Conference AA-(1) Donald Brandt, S. F. Austin (Austin); (2) Joe Garrison, Lub­bock; (3) Frank White, Beaumont. READY WRITERS Conference B-(1) Kathleen Brotzman, Rio Hondo; (2) Bryan Woolley, Fort Davis; (3) Jaunice Peyton, Giddings. Conference A-0) Norman McCarver, Jr., Hearne; (2) Winnie Bryson, Raymond­ville; ( 3) Martha C. Schultz, Floresville. Conference AA-(1) Dan Connell, Abilene ; (2) Kerstin Ekfelt, S. F. Austin (Bryan) ; ( 3) Charles South, Sweetwater. SLIDE RULE Conference B-(1) Jimmye Lou Looper, White Oak; (2) Don Lewis, Bandera; (3) Mike Merritt, Dayton. Conference A-(1) Jarvis Gantt, Decatur; (2) Don Bell, Perryton ; (3) Jimmy Grif­fin, Liberty. Conference AA-(1) Alice Carmichael, Kerrville; (2) Jack Furman, Kerrville; (3) Thomas N. Dinning, Brazosport (Freeport). NUMBER SENSE Conference B-(1) Allan Marburger, Giddings; (2) Johnny Caldwell, La Feria; (3) Mike Merritt, Dayton. Conference A-(1) James Gray, Llano; (2) Billy Brushel, Liberty; (3) Betty Ellis, Crockett. Conference AA-(1) Phillip Seeger, EI Paso; (2) Billy Cox, Gladewater; (3) R. W. Taliaferro, Odessa. TYPING Conference B-(1) Eva Lea Oakley, New Caney-score 156.61; (2) Donna Nash, James Bowie (Simms)-score 152.08; (3) Matthew Prazak, Crescent (Wharton)­score 149.38. Conference A-(1) Beverly Bevill, Monahans-score 156.57; (2) Juanita Pruser, Win­ters-score 154.35; (3) Oara Jean Potter, Pittsburg-score 153.20. Conference AA-(1) Billie Little, Breckenridge-score 164.53; (2) Judy Baetge, New Braunfels-score 151.32; (3) Nancy Hambleton, Waco-score 147.66. SHORTHAND Conference B-(1) Louise Holland, Masonic Home (Fort Worth)-score 99.8; (2) Mary Ann Powell, Iraan-score 98.8; (3) Gwendolyn Burris, Masonic Home (Fort Worth-score 98.8. Conference A-0). Marilyn Jones, Mount Pleasant-score 100; (2) Janie Mayer, Aransas Pass-score 99.8; (3) Sue Zimmerman, Monahans-score 99.4. Conference AA-(1) Barbara Williams, Pasadena-score 100; (2) Jamille Chambers, Pleasant Grove (Dallas)-score 99.8; (3) Patricia Bridges, Amarillo-score 99.6. JOURNALISM Conference B-lndividual winners : (1) Mary Hornsby, White Oak; (2) Janie Men­chaca, Lytle; (3) Virginia Rothfus, Prosper. Winning Schools: (1) White Oak; (2) Lytle; (3) Prosper. Conference A-Individual winners: (1) Sondra Watts, Pecos; (2) Peggy Elder, Cuero (3) Sue Simpson, Monahans. Winning Schools: (1) Pecos; (2) Cuero; (3) Monahans. Conference AA-Individual winners: (1) Carol Hall, Highland Park (Dallas); (2) Lorraine Blalock, Gladewater; (3) Jimmy Hicks, Ray (Corpus Christi) . Winning Schools : (1) Ysleta; (2) Highland Park (Dallas); (3) Gladewater. ONE-ACT PLAY Conference B-Winning schools: (I) McCamey, "Horne of the Brave"; (2) Overton, "Sorry, Wrong Number." All-star cast: Mary Willingham, Overton; Carolyn McDaniel, Robert Lee; Shirley Hewlett, Wilson ; Rex Henderson, McCamey; Tomie Holmes, Mc­Camey; Johnny Walker, Lytle. Conference A-Winning schools: (I) White Deer, "Aria da Capo" ; (2) Cuero, "Be­ yond the Horizon." All-star cast: Molly Oark, La Marque; Carolee Wiswell, Cuero; Callie Schaefer, Schulenburg; Tommy Bingham, Carthage; Robert Griggs, Lake View (San Angelo); James Edward Smith, White Deer. Conference AA-Winning Schools: (I) Reagan (Houston), "The Lottery"; (2) Abilene, "The Wind Is Ninety." All-star cast: Shirley Rust, New Braunfels; Waldeen Townley, Reagan (Houston); Marion Cook, New Braunfels; David Martin, Waco; Don Drennan, Abilene; Ernesto Lassich, Austin (El Paso). STATE TRACK AND FIELD MEET 120-Yard High Hurdles Conference B-l. Dwayne Snow (Waller); 2. J. D. Hanson (Eastland) ; 3. William Schurtz (Bloomington)' ; 4. Willie Cox (New Deal); 5. Donald Beard (Thorndale); 6. Gordon Bishop (Junction). Time: 14.7. (New Conference Record) . Conference A-l. Gene Ellis (Andrews); 2. Robert Willis (Comanche); 3. Leon Chester (Andrews); 4. Roy McKee (Beeville); 5. Odell Grant (Killeen); 6. Billy Fer­rill (Monahans). Time: 14.6. Conference AA-I. Eddie Southern, Sunset (Dallas) ; 2. Merton Fuquay, Bracken· ridge (S. A.); 3. Ed Dudley (Pampa); 4. Marcus Almon (Gainesville); 5. Bob Single­ton (Galena Park); 6. Don Burks (Abilene). Time: 14.5. 100-Yard Dash Conference B-1. James Segrest (Bangs); 2. Joe Noggler (Muenster) ; 3. Bobby Evans (George West); 4. Gwen Adkins, Carlisle (Price); 5. Leon Barr, Eula (Clyde); 6. George Jones (Baird). Time: 10.2. Conference A-I. Hollis Gainey (Colorado City); 2. Richard Stone (Navasota); (3) Jim Dorland (Andrews); 4. Duke Frisbie (Memphis); 5. John Dale Curtis (Denver City); 6. Jim Watson (Graham). Time: 9.9. Conference AA-I. Bobby Morrow (San Benito); 2. Bob Gay (Abilene); 3. Charles Rouse, Burbank (S.A.); 4. Joe Ewing, Reagan (Houston); 5. Bobby Morgan (Vic­toria); 6. Harold Lewis (Pampa). Time: 9.7. 440-Yard Dash Conference B-1. James Segrest (Bangs); 2. E. ]. Odom (Cedar Bayou); 3. Dale Barthelemy, Buena Vista (Imperial); 4. Joe Ray Beard (Palacios) ; 5. Porter Nuttall (Amherst); 6. Rayford Hill, Sundeen (Corpus Christi). Time: 50. (New Conference Record) . Conference A-I. Ralph Rosenberg (La Grange); 2. Benny Counts (Phillips); 3. Jimmy Clyde Holt (Muleshoe); 4. Darrell Tiffaney (Olney); 5. Jimmy Watkins (Llano); 6. Hector Gorena (Mercedes). Time: 50. Conference AA-I. Jimmy Kennedy (Garland); 2. Troy Moody (Odessa); 3. Allen Mayne, Sunset (Dallas) ; 4. Gene Johnson, Brackenridge (S.A.) ; 5. George Hager, Highland Park (Dallas); 6. Vic Davis (Baytown). Time: 49. (New Conference Record). 180-Yard Low Hurdles Conference B-1. J. D. Hanson (Eastland); 2. Dwayne Snow (Waller); 3. Billy Pres­tidge (Chilton) ; 4. William Schurtz (Bloomington); 5. WiJlie Cox (New Deal); 6. Joe Renfroe (Sonora). Time: 19.4. Conference A-1. Gene Ellis (Andrews); 2. Charles Lowe (Jasper); 3. Leon Chester (Andrews); 4. Robert WiJlis (Comanche); 5. Dalton Hicks (Comanche); 6. Don Green, Diamond Hill (Ft. Worth). Time: 19.6. Conference AA-1. Emmett Smallwood (Galena Park); 2. Eddie Southern, Sunset (Dallas) ; 3. Jack Shropshire (Pasadena) ; 4. Ed Dudley (Pampa) ; 5. Merton Fuquay, Brackenridge (S.A.); 6. G. F. Alsbrook, Ball (Galveston). Time: 19. 440-Yard Relay Conference B-1. A.&M. Consolidated (Bobby Carter, Robert Cleland, David Bon­nen, William Arnold); 2. Three Rivers (George Harris, Alton Zamzow, Maurice Bomar, Raymond Burton) ; 3. White Oak (Larry Bates, Richard Emberlin, Bobby Greene, Jimmy Thomas) ; 4. Baird (Alvin Harris, Paul Jones, John Bullock, George Jones) ; 5. Early (Brownwood) (Kay Milam, Alfred Johnson, Harry Craig, David Milam); 6. Gas­ton (foinerville) (Donald Bates, Lonnie Traylor, Clair Branch, WiJliam Draper). Time: 44. Conference A-I. Fort Stockton (Kurt Ezell, Joe Sullivan, Sutton Allison, J. B. Mitchell); 2. Denver City (Jack Luton, Bob Freeman, Mike Tinley, John Dale Curtis); 3. Refugio (Jimmy Williams, Wayne Atkinson, Jimmy Roberts, Reynaldo Rivas); 4. El Campo (Gaynard Wigginton, J. P. Pustegovsky, Frank Kruppa, Dobie Craig). Time: 43.2. Conference AA-I. Abilene (Jim Millerman, Tommy Murray, Bob Gay, Dick Orsini); 2. North Side (Ft. Worth) (Freddy Robinson, Larry Garrison, Billy Gault, James Wea­ver) ; 3. Amarillo (Bobby Graham, Hershel Smith, Billy Walker, Charles Jameson) ; 4. Brackenridge (S.A.) (Matthew Orlando, Gene Johnson, Merton Fuquay, Bill Phillips); 5. Stephen F. Austin (Austin) (Fred Wendlandt, Donald Brand, Walter Kidd, Don Hatherly); 6. Stephen F. Austin (Houston) (Jim Landrum, Tom Hamby, Charles Hall, Carl Johnson). Time: 42.5 (New Conference Record). 880-Yard Run Conference B-1. Roger Nanny (Rochester); 2. Bob Groves (Stinnett); 3. Jimmy Cobb (White Oak); 4. Macario Garza (Benavides); 5. James Walker (Wolfe City); 6. Robert Mizell (Cleveland) . Time: 2:00.4. Conference A-1. Milton Soward (Raymondville); 2. BiJly McFaddin (Jasper); 3. Billy Ferrill (Monahans); 4. Anderson Morris (Carthage); 5. Manuel Wheeler (Cleve­land); 6. Cecil Spain (Georgetown) . Time: 1 :59.3. (New Conference Record). Conference AA-1. Bob Mosshart (Abilene); 2. Ted Williams, Harlandale (San An­tonio); 3. Billy Hoard (Waco); 4. Donald Shepard (Odessa); 5. Adolph Gonzales, Miller (Corpus Christi); 6. Davis Moberly (Sherman). Time: 1 :57.7. 220-Yard Dash Conference B-l. James Segrest (Bangs); 2. Joe Noggler (Muenster); 3. Gwen Adkins, Carlisle (Price); 4. Paul Salisbury (Lovelady); 5. Charles Sanders (G_ruver); 6. George Jones (Baird). Time: 22. Conference A-l. Hollis Gainey (Colorado City); 2. Richard Stone (Navasota); 3. John Dale Curtis (Denver City); 4. Billy Pavliska (Liberty); 5. Lawrence Blanton (Raymondville) ; 6. Bobby Jones (Gatesville). Time: 21.4. Conference AA-1. Bobby Morrow (San Benito); 2. Troy Moody (Odessa); 3. Wade Maddey, S. F. Austin (Houston) ; 4. Charles Rouse, Burbank (San Antonio) ; 5. Troy Harber (Lubbock); 6. Joe Ewing, Reagan (Houston). Time: 21.1. I-Mile Relay Conference B-l. Sundown (Nick Nichols, Charles Perry, Jimmy Mcleroy, Don Way­good); 2. Three Rivers (Maurice Bomar, George Harris, Alfred Newman, Alton Zam­zow); 3. White Oak (Jimmy Cobb, Larry Bates, Jimmy Thomas, Don Wood); 4. ]unction (Joe Cary, Charles Dobbs, Joe Abilez, David Moss); 5. Ropesville (Jimmy Fletcher, Glen White, Melvin Christopher, Charles Tussy); 6. Mansfield (Lloyd Johnson, John Smith, Jackie Odom, Vernon Hornell). Time: 3:29.l. Conference A-1. Granbury (B. F. Liles, Theron Tankersley, E. H. Davis, Tom Davis); 2. Olney (Frank Henson, Mike Myers, Buddy Stennett, Darrell Tiffaney); 3. Liberty (Jimmy Fregia, Albert Delaney, Jimmy Griffin, Billy Pavliska); 4. Phillips (Charles Bennett, Kenneth Cranfill, Don Meek, Benny Counts); 5. Cuero (Mike Weber, Arlen Cornett, Mike Goldman, Robert Muenter); 6. Colorado City (J. D. Chandler, Donald Fite, Frank Mackey, Hollis Gainey). Time: 3 :26.4. Conference AA-1. Baytown (Wallace Wilson, Mike Stewart, Vic Davis, Eddie Bussa); 2. North Side (Ft. Worth) (Carl Belt, Travis Pair, Jimmy Weaver, W. F. Lakey); 3. Sunset (Dallas) (Allen Mayne, Richard Quade, Norman Webster, Eddie Southern); 4. Amarillo (Rick Alexander, Lonnie Allen, Bill Reed, Bobby Graham); 5. Galena Park (Roy Shelton, Ronald Christesson, David Lee Gray, Emmett Smallwood); 6. Arlington Heights (Ft. Worth) (Jimmy Denton, Mike Lord, Jimmy Shannon, Ronny White). Time: 3:21.0. (Record made in preliminaries). I-Mile Run Conference B-1. Jimmy Reeves (Weinert) ; 2. Bruce Brown (Overton); 3. David Sager (Amherst); 4. Arthur Jackson (O'Donnell); 5. Bobbie Pullig, Hobbs (Rotan); 6. Melvin Bujnoch (Falls City). Time: 4:29.1. (New Conference Record). Conference A-1. Billy Tiner (Dumas); 2. Jack Womack (Floydada); 3. Dimas Correa (Carrizo Springs); 4. Ron Krauter, Spring Branch (Houston); 5. Wayne Peter­son (Henderson) ; 6. David Jaso (Refugio). Time: 4 :40.8. Conference AA-1. Leonard Penny (Harlingen); 2. Walter McNew (Amarillo); 3. Jerry Hutson (Garland); 4. G. W. Davidson (Abilene); 5. Charlie Thomas (Waco); 6. Mario Garcia, Roy Miller (Corpus). Time: 4 :28.8. Pole Vault Conference B-1. Gerald Johnson, Union Grove (Gladewater) ; 2. Tie: Neil Smith (Bovina), Troy Lincecum, Gaston (Joinerville) , Phillip Stovall (Knott), Charles Mar­tin, Reagan County (Big Lake); 6. Tie: Donald Moore (Melvin) , Thomas Drake (New­ton), Buddie McCoslin (Premont), H. R. Sellards, Sam Houston (San Antonio) . Height: 11 ft., 10 in. Conference A-1. Lee William Wood (Winters) ; 2. Charles Bruce (Del Rio); 3. Tie: Roy Lane Dyer (Del Rio) , Bobby Burris (Mineral Wells) ; 5 and 6. Tie: Melvin Kram­pota (Alvin), Jimmy Williams (Bay City), Allen Schlosser (Kermit), Jerry Williams (Monahans), Don Dear (Perryton), Bill Whetsett (Perryton) . Height: 12 ft. Conference AA-1. Jerry Davis (Lubbock); 2. Tie: Newton Hilliard (Abilene), Gerald McCormick, Ray (Corpus Christi), Jerry Lott (Kingsville) ; 5. Tie: Wayne A!len (Abilene), James Leonard (Abilene), John Patmor, Thomas Jefferson (San Antonio). Height: 12 ft., 6 in. Running High Jump Conference B-1. Billy Denton, Carney (O'Brien); 2. Bobby Carter, A.&M. Con­solidated (College Station) ; 3. Tie: W. L. Thornton (Aspermont), Albert Oglesby (For· san), Guy Miller (Mansfield), Charles Merka (Premont). Height: 6 ft., Ph in. Conference A-1. Clarence Miller (Crane) ; 2. Tie: Billy Joe Meyers (Crystal City), Jerry Bates (Gatesville), Alfred Coats (Morton), Ricardo Riviera (San Diego); 6. Tie: Maynard Sowell (Edna), John Melcher (El Campo) . Height 6 ft., 5% in. (New Con­ference Record) . Conference AA.-1. Tom Kelly, Sunset (Dallas); 2. Don Stewart (Palestine) ; 3. Tie: Bobby Tieman, S. F. Austin (Austin), John Hill, Miller (Corpus Christi) ; 4. Tie: Richard Patton, Brazosport (Freeport), James Charnquist, Ray (Corpus Christi), Donald Peters, Garland, Lyle Harger, Lubbock. Height: 6 ft. 5% in. (New Conference Record.) 12-Pound Shot Put Conference B-1. DeWayne Henry (Lometa); 2. Kenneth Hall (Sugar Land); 3. Charles Martin, Reagan County (Big Lake); 4. Tom Prater (Mansfield) ; 5. Ray Twardowski (East Bernard) ; 6. Gerald Blansitt (Trinidad). Distance 50 ft., 8%, in. (New Conference Record). Conference A-1. Bobby Don Wright (Andrews); 2. H. B. Rogers (Mercedes); 3. Jimmy Somers (Boling); 4. Kenneth Gray (Llano); 5. Curtis Rollins (Electra) ; 6. Robert Cline (Belton). Distance: 52 ft., 1114 in. Conference AA-1. Johnny Warren, Lamar (Houston) ; 2. Jon Cantrell (Pampa) ; 3. Paul Schumann (Reagan (Houston) ; 4. Bobby Smith (San Angelo); 5. Larry Co­wart, Brackenridge (San Antonio) ; 6. Ray Masters (Brownwood). Distance: 54 ft., 8% in. Running Broad Jump Conference B-1. Wayne Clark, Sam Houston (San Antonio); 2. Tie: Marvin Jones (Hale Center), Tony McWhorter (Rochester) ; 4. James Lewis Segrest (Bangs) ; 5. Wil­liam Draper, Gaston Ooinerville); 6. E. J. Odom (Cedar Bayou). Distance: 21 ft., 81h in. Conference A-1. Ricardo Riviera (San Diego); 2. John Harlan Dubose (Devine); 3. Melvin Faulkerson (Wharton) ; 4. Bill Schrade (South San Antonio) ; 5. Donald Yarbrough (Weslaco); 6. Shelton B. Gillam (Mart). Distance: 22 ft., 514 in. Conference AA-1. Ronny White, Arlington Heights (Ft. Worth); 2. Lee Amyx (Denton) ; 3. Glen Wyble, Thomas Jefferson (Port Arthur); 4. Bobby Morrow (San Benito) ; 5. Pat McGuire, Thomas Jefferson (Port Arthur); 6. Don Dyer, Woodrow Wilson (Dallas). Distance: 22 ft., 714 in. Discus Throw Conference B-1. Freddie Hahn (Ingleside); 2. George Blanche (Nixon); 3. Charles Martin, Reagan County (Big Lake) ; 4. Billy Morris (Woodsboro) ; 5. Jerry Marcontell (Cedar Bayou); 6. Rogers Nanny (Rochester). Distance: 147 ft., 514 in. Conference A-1. Jimmy Somers (Boling); 2. Clifford McCraw (Bowie) ; 3. Bobby Don Wright (Andrews); 4. Bob Woodruff (New London); 5. Billy Parks (Aransas Pass); 6. Bill Glynn Willis (Muleshoe). Distance: 150 ft., 91h in. Conference AA-1. Joe Irvin (Amarillo) ; 2. Larry Cowart, Brackenridge (San An­tonio); 3. Paul Schumann, Reagan (Houston); 4. Charles Dunaway, Robert E. Lee (Baytown); 5. James Charnquist, Ray (Corpus Christi); 6. Johnny Warren, Lamar (Houston). Distance: 169 ft., 572 in. Point Standings Conference B Conference A Bangs ................................................ 34 Andrews ............... . ....................... 54 A.&M. Cons ..................................... 24 Colorado City ........................ 21 Three Rivers ·······················-············ 20 Denver City .......................... 18 Rochester Waller Eastland } "' --18 tie .... . . . . ............ 16 ~::~:i; } White Oak Jasper Reagan Co. (Big Lake) .............. 17 Ft. Stockton San Diego ........................................ 15 Sundown } tie ...................... 16 Muenster Comanche } tie .......................... 14 Olney Conference AA Abilene 47 Sunset (Dallas) 40 Brackenridge ( S.A.) } tie .......... 28 Amarillo Robt. E. Lee (Baytown) .. 21 San Benito } Odessa tie . . .. .... 20 North Side (Ft. W.) Pampa ............... . ......................... 19 UNIVERSITY INTERSCHOLASTIC LEAGUE STATE RECORDS Track and Field Event 120-Yd. High Hurdles 100-Yd. Dash 880-Yd. Run *180-Yd. Low Hurdles 440-Yd. Dash 220-Yd. Dash I-Mile Run I-Mile Relay 440-Yd. Relay Pole Vault Running High Jump Running Broad Jump 12-Pound Shot Put tDiscus Throw :j:Javelin Throw Con/ erence B Individual-1. 2. 3. Holder Miller, Lee Parker, Charles Bush, R. L. Thompson, Roy Peters, James Daughtery, J. Frank Montes, Javier { Wilwn, W•lfaoo Stewart, Mike Davis, Vic Bussa, Eddie {Mill~••, Jim Murray, Tommy Gay, Bob Orsini, Dick Meadows, Earl {Miller, Clarence Kelly, Tom Scrimsher, L. Hooper, Darrow Hooper, Darrow Batts, Matthew School Burbank (S.A.) Jefferson (S.A.) Sunset (Dall as) Lamar (Houston) Brenham Olton Bowie (El Paso) }Robert E. Lee (Baytown) } Abilm §Central (Ft. Worth) Crane } Sunset (Dallas) UMain A venue (San Antonio) North Side {Ft. Worth) North Side (Ft. Worth) San Antonio Tech. GOLF WINNERS 1954 Bob White, Tomball ---------·----... . ... ----------------­ Record Year 14.0 1947 9.5 1943 1:55.4 1933 18.6 1953 48.9 1953 20.5 1953 4:25.0 1947 3:21.0 1954 42.5 1954 13 ft. Il/2 in. 1933 6 ft. 5% in. 1954 24 ft. %in. 1931 59 ft. IO in. 1948 170 ft. 10% in. 1949 201 ft. 5% in. 1940 ·-------------153 Neil Sconiers, Iraan ----------------------------------------------------------160 Charles Collins, Eastland ------·-----------------------------------------165 *U .l.L. Records---220-Yd. Low Hurdles: 33.S-Max Minor (Tahoka) 1940. 200-Yd. Low Hurdles: 21.4-Paul Leming (Beaumont) 1948. t U.I.L. Records----154 It. 61h in. (Old discus weight, 4 pounds, 6.4 oz.)-J. C. Petty (Kaufman) 1931. l Javelin Throw was retired in 194()-41. § Central (Fort Worth) is now Fort Worth Teehnical. f Main Avenue (San Antonio) is now San Antonio Technical. Team-1. Iraan: (Neil Sconiers, Curtis Skipping, J. F. Paynor, Lyall Eaves) ------------------------·······-··----·---·-·····················-723 2. Tomball: (Bob White, Danny Nicholson, Gene Tanner, Baker McAdams; Alternate: Windham Rider) -------------------------741 3. Munday: (Waymon Smith, Terry Harrison, Gary Cure, Jerry Scott) ·-············---·-···-·············--·---··········· ···········-···· 762 Conference A Individual-1. Jerry Coody, Stamford ·············-· ················-··················· 139 2. Jack Cupit, Pine Tree (Greggton) ·-·-·····-··············-······· 147 3. Larry Flowers, Sulphur Springs ······················-······--····· 149 Team- 1. Stamford: (Charles Coody, John Markham, Douglas Shamberger, Bobby Calhoun) ------------------------------624 2. Sulphur Springs: (Larry Flowers, Leslie Flowers, Jim Wilson, Bill Sharber) ·---··--------····-··-····----···········-··········-············· 654 3. Shamrock: (Tommy Holmes, Bruce Barkley, Bill Ryan, Richard Cook) ·············--················--·-···············------· ....... 688 Conference AA Individual-1. John Farquhar, Amarillo ·--·-···············----·------------·-·--------145 *2. Frank Wharton, Hillcrest (Dallas) --------····------------·---·-146 3. Henry Whitley, Amarillo ---------------------··------------········-·····-146 •(Won play-off on 3rd hole with a Par 3) Team- 1. Amarillo: (John Farquhar, James Smith Henry Whitley, Bob Westfall) ··--···············-··-················--······--········· 606 2. W. B. Ray (Corpus Christi): (Jack Little, Roy Box, Les Wasserman, Tommy Maierhofer) ·······-----·············------·----·········· 618 3. Kilgore: (Bobby Nelson, Bobby Stroope, Mickey Harrison, Jimmy Henderson) ---------·-··········-·-·-····--··········--·------········· 628 TENNIS WINNERS 1954 Conference B Boys' Doubles-Pyote: Eddie Strayhorn and Joe Smith Boys' Singles-Clyde: Freddie Kniffen Girls' Doubles-Clyde: Della Collins and Carolyn Johnson Girls' Singles-Sonora: Betsy Ross Conference A Boys' Doubles-Freer: John Madlin and Larry Patterson Boys' Singles-Freer: Glenn Hull Girls' Doubles-Terrell: Margaretta Michie and Cynthia Jaffer Girls' Singles-Terrell: Geraldine Michie Con/ erence AA Boys' Doubles-Stephen F. Austin (Austin): Laurence Becker and Richard Keeton Boys' Singles-Robert E. Lee (Baytown): Paul Wilkins Girls' Doubles-Victoria: Janell Kolle and Rosemary Heller Girls' Singles-El Paso: Linda Livingston UNIVERSITY INTERSCHOLASTIC LEAGUE CONFERENCE RECORDS Track and Field Conference B I20-Yard High Hurdles: Dwayne Snow (Waller); I4.7 sec., I954. 100-Yard Dash : J. Frank Daughtery (Olton); 9.6 sec., I953. 440-Yard Dash: James Segrest (Bangs); 50 sec., 1954. 180-Yard Low Hurdles: Kenneth Fannon (O'Donnell); I9.4 sec., I953. J. D. Hanson (Eastland) ; I9.4 sec., 1954. 440-Yard Relay: Sugar Land (Kenneth Hall, J.B. Kachinski, George Salmon, Ernest Trevino) ; 43.5 sec., 1952. 880-Yard Run: Tom Horn (White Deer) ; I :59.5, I950. 220-Yard Dash: J. Frank Daughtery (Olton); 20.5 sec., 1953. I-Mile Run: Jimmy Reeves (Weinert); 4:29.I, I954. I-Mile Relay: Friona (Darreli Robbins, Ben Jordon, D. 0. Robason, M. C. Osborn) ; 3:27.6, I953. Pole Vault: Charles Hall (Karnes City); I2 ft., 2 in., 1952. Running High Jump: Bob Billings (Yorktown) ; 6 ft., 3 in., 1951. I2-Pound Shot Put: Dwayne Henry (Lometa); 50 ft., 8%, in., I954. Running Broad Jump: Eugene Kosorek (Poth); 22 ft., 81h in., I951. Discus Throw: Carl McNulty (Tomball); 147 ft., 10* in., 1953. Conj erence A I20-Yard High Hurdles: Isaac Tennison (San Saba); I4.3 sec., 1953. 100-Yard Dash: Charles Thomas (Cleveland); 9.7 sec., I950. 440-Yard Dash: James Peters (Brenham); 48.9 sec., I953. I80-Yard Low Hurdles: Don Maynard (Colorado City); 19.4 sec., I953. (New Conference Record of I9.4 set by Maynard and Joe Bob Smith of Mineola in Preliminaries.) 440-Yard Relay: Brenham (Homer Borgstedte, Wallace Dahmann, Jimmie Hahn, James Peters); 43 sec., I953. 880-Yard Run: Milton Soward (Raymondville); I:59.3, I954. 220-Yard Dash : Charles Thomas (Cleveland); 20.9 sec., I950. I-Mile Run : Busby Taylor (Dalhart); 4:34.8, 1951. I-Mile Relay : Brenham (Homer Borgstedte, Wallace Dahmann, Jimmie Hahn, James Peters) ; 3:29.0, 1953. Pole Vault: Bobby McBride (Refugio); 12 ft., 9 in., 1953. Running High Jump: Clarence Miller (Crane); 6 ft., 5% in., 1954. I2-Pound Shot Put: Herman Johnson (De Leon); 57 ft., 572 in., 1953. Running Broad Jump: Bobby Russell Richardson (Mexia); 23 ft., llh in., 1953. Discus Throw: Ray Burrus (Canyon); I58 ft., 8 in., I952. Con/ erence AA I20-Yard High Hurdles: Lee Miller (Burbank, San Ant.); I4.0 sec., I947. 100-Yard Dash: Charles Parker (Jefferson, San Ant.); 9.5 sec., 1943. 440-Yard Dash: Jimmy Kennedy (Garland) ; 49 sec., 1954. I80-Yard Low Hurdles: Roy Thompson (Lamar, Houston); I8.6 sec., 1953. 440-Yard Relay: Abilene (Jim Millerman, Tommy Murray, Bob Gay, Dick Orsini); 42.5 sec., 1954. 880-Yard Run: R. L. Bush (Sunset, Dallas); 1:55.4, 1933. 220-Yard Dash: Charles Parker (Jefferson, San Ant.); 20.6 sec., 1943. I-Mile Run: Javier Montes (Bowie, El Paso); 4:25.0, 1947. I-Mile Relay: Robert E. Lee (Baytown) (Wallace Wilson, Mike Stewart, Vic Davis, Eddie Bussa); 3:21.0, 1954. Running Broad Jump : L. Scrimsher (Main Avenue, San Antonio) ; 24 ft., 1h in., 1931. (Main Avenue is now San Antonio Technical). Pole Vault: Earl Meadows (Central, Ft. Worth); 13 ft., 11h in., 1933. (Central is now Ft. Worth Technical). Running High Jump: Tom Kelly (Sunset, Dallas); 6 ft., 5% in., 1954. 12-Pound Shot Put: Darrow Hooper (North Side, Ft. Worth); 59 ft., 10 in., 1948. Discus Throw: Darrow Hooper (North Side, Ft. Worth); 170 ft., 101h in., 1949. Football 1953 Conference AAAA Lamar (Houston); runner-up, Odessa Conference AAA Port Neches; runner-up, Big Spring Conference AA Huntsville; runner-up Ballinger Conference A Ranger; runner-up, Luling Boys' Basketball 1954 Conference AAAA Pampa; runner-up, Crozier Technical (Dallas) Conference AAA Alamo Heights (San Antonio); runner-up, Galena Park Conference AA Bowie; runner-up, Spring Branch (Houston) Conference A Sweeny ; runner-up, Sundown Conference B Cayuga ; runner-up, Big Sandy (Dallardsville) Girls' Basketball 1954 Conference AA-A Dimmitt; runner-up, Granbury Conj erence B East Chambers (Winnie) ; runner-up, Claude Baseball 1954 Conj erence AA William B. Travis (Austin) ; runner-up, Highland Park (Dallas)