'II'IHIJE WNTI\YIE lit.§ITrrrw (())IF 'II' IE ~.£.b1 , NUMBER 5615 AUGUST 1, 1956 CONSTITUTION AND RULES OF THE University Interscholastic League for 1956-57 BUREAU OF PUBLIC SCHOOL SERVICE DIVISION OF EXTENSION THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS: AUSTIN The University of Texas Publication PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE L.U.HANKE C. T. McCORMICK D. L. CLARKE H. Y. McCowN R. F. DAWSON A. MOFFITT J. R.D. EDDY c. P. OLIVER J. T. LONSDALE B. E. SHORT S. A. MAcCoRKLE J. R. STOCKTON F. H. WARDLAW ADMINISTRATIVE PUBLICATIONS w. B. SHIPP F. H. GINASCOL J. G. ASHBURNE C.E.LANKFORD C.H. EADS The University publishes buIIetins twice a month, so numbered that the first two digits of the number show the year of issue and the last two the position in the yearly series. (For example, No. 5601 is the first publication of the year 1956.) These bulletins comprise the official publications of the University, publications on humanistic and scientific subjects, and buIIetins issued from time to time by various divisions of the University. The following bureaus and divisions dis­tribute publications issued by them; communications concerning pub­lications in these fields should be addressed to The University of Texas, Austin, Texas, care of the bureau or division issuing the publication: Bureau of Business Research, Bureau of Economic Geology, Bureau of Engineering Research, Research Laboratory in Ceramics, Bureau of Industrial Chemistry, Bureau of Public School Service, and Division of Extension. Communications concerning all other publications of the University should be addressed to University Publications, The Uni­versity of Texas, Austin. Additional copies of this publication may be procured from the Bureau of Public School Service, The University of Texas Austin 12, Texas • 25 Cents Per Copy CONSTITUTION AND RULES OF THE University Interscholastic League for 1956-57 BUREAU OF PUBLIC SCHOOL SERVICE DIVISION OF EXTENSION THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS: AUSTIN The benefits of education and of useful knowl­edge, generally diffused through a community, are essential to the preservation of a free gov­ernment SAM HOUSTON Cultivated mind is the guardian genius of Democ­racy, and while guided and controlled by virtue, the noblest attribute of man. It is the only dictator that freemen acknowledge, and the only security which freemen desire. MIRABEAU B. LAMAR PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY TWICE A MONTH. ENTERED AS SECOND­ CLASS MATTER ON MARCH I2, I9I3, AT THE POST OFFICE AT AUSTIN, TEXAS, UNDER THE ACT OF AUGUST 24, 1912 Table of Contents PACE CALENDAR ................................................................ . 4 INTRODUCTION .......... ... ............................ . ... . . .... . 5 CHANGES EFFECTIVE 1956--1957 ................ . 8 CONSTITUTION Fees ................................................ .................................................................... 10 Officers .... .... ........................................... ... ............................. .................... ............ 10 Contests . ...... .... ............. ..................... ......................... ...................... ........................... 12 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . ........ ... . . ... .. ....... ......... ....... . .. .. . . ... . ... . . . ....... ................. .... ...... 13 Eligibility ............................................................... ..... .................................................. 16 Expenses and Rebates................................................. .................................................. 23 Disputes ......... .. ................................................. .................................................... 24 Penalties .......................................................................................................................... 25 Annual Meetings ................................................................. . ...... ...................... 26 Amendments . ........ .......................................................................................................... 26 Award Rule .................................................... ............................................ 26 SPRING MEET PLAN ........ .. .......... ....... ............ .... .. 28 RULES IN LITERARY CONTESTS Debate ..... ......... .................................... . ............................................................. 37 Declamation .... .............................................. ............................................................. 39 Poetry Reading ... ................ .................. .......... .................................................... 46 Extemporaneous Speech ............................ ................... ............................................... 49 One-Act Play ..... ............................................................................................................ 53 Story-Telling ................ ..................... ...................... ....................................................... 60 Picture Memory ............ .................................... ....... .................................... ................. 61 Journalism ...................... ........................................ . ........................................ 63 Ready Writing ...... ................................ .................................................. 67 Spelling and Plain Writing............................. .......... ................................... ........... 70 Number Sense ... . . . . ...... ..... .. ... . ............. ..... .. ....... ... .... ... ......... .... ... ....... .... .............. .... .... 73 Slide Rule ....... ............................ .. . ..................... ................................... 75 Typewriting .. ........ ........................ ....... .................. ............................... 84 Shorthand ............................ .................................................... 88 RULES FOR MUSIC COMPETITION General Regulations .............................. ............... . 93 Solos . . . ............... . 99 Ensembles ........ . 102 Organizations ..... . .................... . ........................................................... . 104 Special Contests ........................................................................................................ . 107 RULES IN ATHLETIC CONTESTS Athletic Benefit Plan .......................... ...................................... 112 Football . . ........................... . ................................ 113 Boys' Basketball . . . . . . ... .. .... .. ... .. ... .. ..... .. ..... .. ............ .... .. .. . .. 124 Girls' Basketball .. .... .... ................. ... ................................ 133 Tennis . ............. ................. .. ......... ......... ....... ......... ............................ 140 Volleyball ...... .................................... .... ............. . .............................. i42 Junior Boys' Track and Field .......................... ......... .............................. 142 Playground Baseball .. ...... .................... ..... ............................................. 143 High School Track and Field............. .. ...... . .. ....... ........... 144 Baseball .............................................. ...................................... 147 Golf .. ... ................ ...................... ......... ...... .............................. 152 APPENDICES I. Prizes in Final Contests ......................... . . .... 154 II. Schedule-Making .............................. . .. 156 III. Price List of Bulletins .......................... . .. 159 IV. Scholarships .................................. ... 164 V. Results-1956 State Meet ................... ..... .............. . ··············· ... ........ 165 Interscholastic League Calendar 1956-1957 Aug. 27 First day for fall football practice, Conferences AA, A, B and Six·man. Aug. 31 First day for fall football practice, Conferences AAAA and AAA. Sept. 1 Fees for 1956-57 accepted; Constitution and Rules available. (Keep your Membership Receipt. Each elementary school pays $1 fee.) Sept. 7 First day for playing football games, Conferences AA, A, B, and Six·man. Sept. 10 Last day for filing Acceptance of Football Plan. Sept. 14 First day for playing football games, Conferences AAAA and AAA. Sept. 22 Last day for meeting of district football committee. Oct. 6 Last day for district basketball organization. Oct. 15 Last day for filing Acceptance of Boys' and Girls' Basketball Plan. Oct. 15 First day for inter-school basketball games, Conference B. Nov. 1 First day for inter-school basketball games, Conferences, A, AA, AAA and AAAA. Nov. 3 Spring Meet organization by temporary chairmen for high school, junior high school and elementary school districts. Nov. 17 Last day for certifying district football champions, Conferences AA, A, B and Six-man. Nov. 24 Last day for certifying district football champions, Conferences AAAA and AAA. Dec. 1 Last day for filing Music Acceptance Cards. Dec. 3 Last day for filing entry in One-Act Play contest. Jan. 15 Last day for enrolling in Interscholastic League Press Conference. Jan. 15 Last day for paying League membership fee. Feb. 1 Last day for organizing spring meet districts. Feb. 15 Last day for filing Acceptance of Baseball Plan. Feb. 23 Last day for certifying boys' district basketball champions, all conferences. Feb. 25 First day for playing regional games in boys' basketball playoffs, all con­ ferences. Mar. 2 Last day for boys' regional basketball playoffs, all conferences. Mar. 2 Last day for certifying girls' basketball champions, all conferences. Mar. 4 First day for playing regional games in girls' basketball playoffs, all con­ ferences. Mar. 5 Last day for organizing baseball districts. Mar. 7-8-9 Boys' State Basketball Tournament. Mar. 8-9 First week-end for holding district meets. Mar. 9 Last day for regional girls' basketball playoffs, all-conferences. Mar. 14-15-16 Girls' State Basketball Tournament. Mar. 15 Closing date for newspapers to be rated by ILPC. Mar. 16 Last day for inter-school basketball games, all conferences. Mar. 20 Last day for non-ILPC members to mail certification of regional journalism contestants. Mar. 23 Last week-end for holding Conferences A and B district one-act play con­ tests. Mar. 26 Last day for filing entries in area one-act play meets. Mar. 29-Apr. 6 Dates for holding Conferences A and B one-act play contests. April 6 Last weekend for holding district meets. April 6 Last weekend for holding AA district one-act play contests. April 8 Last day for filing entries in the regional meet. April 8 Last day for receipt of ILPC individual contest entries. April 12-13 Regional meets. May 2-3·4 State Meet. May 16 Last day for certifying district baseball champions, all conferences. May 28 Last day for determining bi-district champions conferences AAAA and AAA. May 30 Last day for determining bi-district baseball champions, Conference AA. June 5 Last day for determining regional baseball champions conferences AAAA and AAA. June 11 &'12State Baseball Tournament conferences AAAA and AAA. June 12 Last day for determining regional baseball champions, Conferences AA and A. June 12 Last day for determining bi-district baseball champions, Conference B. Introduction What is now known as The University Interscholastic League was first organized in December, 1910, at the State Teachers' Meeting at Abilene. Each year since then it has been organized by a bureau of the Extension Division of The University of Texas. For the first year the League's activities were confined to debates among the high schools affiliated with the Univer­sity. The following year contests in declamation were added and member­ship in the League was thrown open to all the public white schools of the State below college rank. Subsequently there were also added contests in various fields, suited to schools of different types, until the present schedule of contests was made up. The League is an "annual" rather than a "perennial," to use the words of botany. It is in the form of a service offered annually by the Bureau of Public School Service, and has a shifting membership from year to year. The mem­bership increased for twenty-nine years, growing from 28 schools in 1910 to more than 6,000 during peak years antecedent to the outbreak of World War II. The vast consolidation program has reduced the number of schools per­haps fifty per cent. During the 1955-56 school year 2,533 schools registered for participation in League contests. This League covers a larger geographical area, serves more different types of public schools, schedules a greater variety of contests, holds larger meets and a larger number of meets, and enjoys a greater school-member­ship than any similar organization in the United States. Its purpose is to organize and direct, through the medium of properly supervised and con­trolled contests, desirable school activities, and thereby assist in preparing pupils for citizenship. Competitions organized in a sensible way and surrounded with proper controls, have demonstrated their usefulness so often and have furnished so much inspiration to talented pupils in Texas for so many years, that we feel that the League organization should have the active co·operation of every school executive and of every school teacher in Texas. Every public school in Texas, no matter how small, should become an active member ifit is at all accessible to interschool competition. Special attention is called to the following matters: 1. The rules published herein and citations to special circulars as well as notices in the "Official Notice" column of the Leagner, are considered notice to all League members. Ignorance of the rules cannot be pied in extenua­tion of any violation of the same. Immediately after the closing date for payment of fees each year, there are usually a number of disappointed schools which have failed to make re­mittance within the time prescribed. They usually plead lack of notice. How­ever, notice of the closing date has been published now for many years, and no exceptions are made. It is best to see that membership is paid at the first of the school year, and if, after a reasonable time, you do not receive a mem­bership receipt, address an inquiry to the State Office about it. Also be careful to observe other dates listed in the League Calendar on the page fol­lowing the Table of Contents of this bulletin. 2. When a school joins the League it is understood that the terms and conditions of participation in the contests as set forth in this Constitution and Rules are to be accepted and observed. It is understood that when dis­putes arise, they shall be settled by the committees and in the manner pre­scribed herein. It is realized that this is a voluntary organization and all conditions surrounding participation as laid down herein are freely accepted and that both the letter and spirit of the rules are to be observed with genuine co-operation and goodwill. 3. It will be noted that the forepart of this bulletin, pp. 9 to 27, contains the Constitution and interpretations. Therein are to be found all the General rules governing participation, schedule of fees, disposition of fees, defi­nitions, eligibility rules, organization of the various meets, methods of set­tling disputes, and so on. The executive officers of the school should be thoroughly familiar with this portion of the bulletin. Rules governing special contests begin on page 28. These special rules should be studied with great attention by the directors of the respective events. For illustration, the teach­er who is assigned League spelling by her principal, should make a special study of the spelling rules, and in case there is any part of them that she does not understand, she should write to the State Office of the League for interpre­tations. Again, the dramatics director should study the one-act play contest rules, and the basketball coach the basketball rules, and so on. In short, each sponsor should be an authority on the rules of the contest which he under· takes. 4. This bulletin is issued in time for distribution to schools by the opening of the school session in September. It is the best notice that we can offer of changes in rules, and the only notice that we can give of the contests that are offered by the League. Attempts on the part of any executive committee to change the contests or rules nearly always result in serious dissatisfaction. 5. The "official interpretations" have been transferred from the appendix to the article and section of the Constitution and Rules to which they apply. Each "interpretation" has been placed in Italics under the rule in order to distinguish carefully between the original rule and the "official interpreta­tions" of the State Executive Committee. Under the various "Plans" of competition, the italicized sentences and paragraphs are provided for emphasis and do not represent interpretations by the State Executive Committee unless it is specifically so indicated. 6. It is a mistake to suppose that the League program offers an activity for every pupil in the school. No extracurricular activity does that. If a con­siderable group of pupils and sponsors are interested and put in honest work on an extracurricular activity that has sound educational substance in it, it is justified from an administrative point of view. With such a wide program as the League offers, however, a large percentage of pupils, especially those in the smaller schools, find something offered which they can do well or learn to do well, and hence enjoy doing under the conditions of friendly rivalry which the Interscholastic League provides. R. J. KIDD, Director, Bureau of Public School Service, Division of Extension. Important Changes Effective 1956-1957 ARTICLE VIII, Section 2, Amendment to Undergraduate Rule. ARTICLE XVI, Amendment to the Awards Rule. Rule 2, Spring Meet Plan: Revised classification plan for spring meet assign­ment. Rule 19, Spring Meet Plan: Merging of Conferences AAAA and AAA at Regional Meet. Rule 19, Spring Meet Plan: Merging of Conferences A and B at Regional Meet. Rule 3d, One· Act Play Plan: Student assistants limited to three, in addition to regular cast. Rule 7, One· Act Play Plan: Failure to participate after signing acceptance card grounds for suspension. Rule 16, One· Act Play Plan: Directors authorized to hold planning meeting to assist District Executive Committee. Rule 11, Girls' Basketball Plan: No team or girl shall play a game against a boys' team. Rule 3, Baseball Plan: Baseball State Championship in Conferences AAAA and AAA, Regional in Conferences AA and A, and Bi-district in Con­ference B. Rule 2, Golf Plan: Golf coaches must be full.time employees of the school board. Constitution and Rules of The University Interscholastic League ARTICLE I Name This organization shall be known as The University Interscholastic League. It is organized annually under the auspices of the Bureau of Public School Service, Division of Extension, The University of Texas. ARTICLE II Object The object of this League is to foster among the public schools of Texas interschool competitions as an aid in the preparation for citizenship. ARTICLE III Membership SECTION 1. Any public white school in Texas that is below collegiate rank and that is under the jurisdiction of, and receives apportionment from, the 5tate Department of Education is eligible to membership in this League; except schools for defectives and correctives. The application for membership in the League shall be authorized and approved by the school district trustees of the school unit making applica­tion. School membership is based on a school unit, or units contained in a single building. There is no membership covering more than one school building. In certain cases, how· ever (see Article VII, Section 2), there is more than one membership in a single building. Moreover, schools compete as a unit. No composite teams are permitted, for which see Article VII, Sec. 8. This section shall not exclude any public school which has previously limited its enrollment to white students but which has modified its rule so as to admit the Negro race. SEC. 2. To become a member, a high school or elementary school shall pay a membership fee to The University Interscholastic League, University Station, Austin 12, Texas, prior to January 15 of the school year for which payment is made. The payment of the fee entitles the school to membership for the current school year only. Post-dated checks are not accepted for membership. The schedule of fees is based on a high school's assignment to Football and Basketball Conferences. Junior High Schools and Elementary Schools are required to pay a fixed fee. High Schools Conference AAAA ....................................... $30.00 Conference AAA .. .... ....... ................. .............. 30.00 Conference AA . . ... . . . . . . .. ..... . . . . ...... . ... . .. .. .. .. .... .. 20.00 Conference A ............................................... 20.00 Conference I3 ...... ............... ..................... 8.00 Junior High School ... ................................... 3.00 Two-Year High School .................................. 2.00 Elementary School Elementary School (each) ................... ....... $ 1.00 SEC. 3. In a system of schools, each high school, each junior high school, and each elementary school where the latter is under a separate principal and is in a separate building from the high school and comprises the elemen­tary grades or any subdivision thereof, shall constitute a separate member of the League. Except as specified in the rules governing the music compe­tition, no pupil in one such school unit shall represent another in any con­test. SEC. 4. Each school joining this League shall be entitled to a copy of the Constitution and Rules, and a year's subscription to The Interscholastic Leaguer. Upon request of the principal or superintendent, each teacher hav­ing in charge the preparation of students for any League contest will be placed on the leaguer mailing list free of charge. SEC. 5. Any school that enters any of the contests of this League without having paid its membership fee shall be disqualified for the following school year, unless a satisfactory excuse for such failure is presented to the State Executive Committee. ARTICLE IV Officers SECTION 1. The executive management and control of this League shall reside in the State Executive Committee, Regional Committees, and in the various District Committees in the areas respectively indicated by their titles, "State," "Regional," and "District." SEC. 2. The State Executive Committee of The University Interscholastic League shall be appointed by the President of the University. It shall be the duty of this Executive Committee to have administrative charge of the affairs of the League; to inaugurate new contests; to create new divisions; to set up plans of competition and promote the same; to prepare and distribute bulletins and other literature pertaining to its work; to co-operate with dis­trict and regional officers; and to decide disputes that are appealed to it from such committees, except the selection and decisions of judges, and excepting disputes in intradistrict football, baseball, and basketball contests. Furthermore, it shall be the duty of the State Executive Committee to fur­nish official interpretations of rules. The State Executive Committee follows: James R. D. Eddy and T. H. Shelby, co-chairmen; Rhea H. Williams, R. J. Kidd, Emmette S. Redford, B. C. Tharp (Emeritus) , J. S. Williams, Thomas A. Rousse, Howard A. Calkins, I. I. Nelson, Charles Heimsch. SEC. 3. Members of the Legislative Advisory Council of The University Interscholastic League shall be elected for four-year terms. Representation on the council shall be as follows: one representative from each Region in Conference AA; one from each Region in Conference A; and one from each Region in Conference B, in accordance with the divisions into Conferences provided for in Rule 2 of the Spring Meet Plan. Only superintendents, principals and county superintendents. are eligible to be elected to the council. Nominations for membership on the Council are to be made by mail ballot not later than September of each school term. The five persons receiving the greatest number of votes in each conference from each region will be listed on the final preferential ballot submitted to the schools. In case of ties in nominations, nominees shall be reduced to five by lot. The annual meeting of the Council shall be held at Austin in November of each year. The duties of the Council shall be to consider and study all proposed legis­lation and recommendations submitted at the May meeting of member­schools and recommend to the State Executive Committee legislation that it considers vital to the best interests of the League. SEC. 4. The duties of the football, basketball, and baseball executive committees are specified in Rule 6 in each of these plans found on pages 116, 126, 135, and 149, respectively. The duties of the Spring Meet District Executive Committee and the Regional Executive Committee are found in rules 5 and 20 of the Spring Meet Plan. ARTICLE V Regional Officers A directory of regions and executive officers is published under an appro­priate heading in the Leaguer. ARTICLE VI Contests SECTION 1. List of Contests.-The League shall hold during the current school year the following contests: Baseball Basketball, Boys' Basketball, Girls' Choral Singing Debate Declamation Extemporaneous Speech Football Football, Six-man Golf Journalism Music Music Appreciation Number Sense One-Act Play Picture Memory Playground Ball Poetry Reading Ready Writing Shorthand Slide Rule Story Telling Spelling and Plain Writing Tennis Track and Field Typewriting Volley Ball SEC. 2. Dates for District, Regional, and State Meets.-The time for hold­ing meets during the current school year shall be in accordance with the "Calendar" published on the page following the Table of Contents of this bulletin. SEC. 3. Elementary School Meets.-Any group of elementary schools conveniently located may organize its own meet. Principals of the schools so associated (or persons designated by them) shall constitute the Executive Committee. The executive committee has the final authority for scheduling and planning the elementary school meet. Elementary school districts are to follow the conference classification to which the high school in the same district is assigned unless mutually agreeable otherwise. Contests offered elementary schools for which rules are provided, follow: number sense, ready writing, declamation, spelling and plain writing, junior track and field, playground ball, junior tennis, volleyball, picture memory, and story-telling. For schedule of points for computing all-round championship see Rule 14 of the Spring Meet Plan. Elementary school meets do not qualify participants to any higher meet. ARTICLE VII Definitions SECTION 1. High School.-A high school is one in which at least the time of two teachers, or the equivalent, is devoted to instruction in high-school grades. In order to determine the "teaching time" in a given school per teacher, simply add up the number of minutes that the school teaches as a whole, divide by the number of teachers in the school. Then determine the number of minutes that are devoted to teaching above the eighth grade. If that equals or exceeds "the time of two teachers," you should classify the school as a double-unit school, having a high-school department and an elementary department. In a twelve-grade system the first eight grades are con­sidered the elementary school and the last four grades as the high school. SEC. 2. Elementary School.-One or more grades below the high-school level, housed in a building to itself or with the high school, constitutes a separate schoel unit in the League, and is entitled to enter its contestants in the elementary-school meet provided the membership fee is paid. SEC. 3. Junior High School.-A junior high school is a unit in a school system organized as a junior high, whether or not it occupies a building to itself, and includes most frequently the seventh and eighth grades and the first year of high school, departmentalized to provide for individual differ­ences among pupils by permitting limited election of subjects, and marked by the introduction of some subjects usually taught in the high school. A school unit must teach at least one high-school grade to be classified as a junior high school. For assignment to a district meet, see Rule 3, Spring Meet Plan. SEC. 4. Conferences.-A term used in classifying schools as to size, as "Conference A," "Conference B," "Conference AA," "Conference AAA" or "Conference AAAA." (For basis of respective division into Conferences see the various Plans of Competition.) SEC. 5. Higher Class School.-A "higher class" school may be (a) a school with fifteen or more accredited units, (b) a school with as many as three units more than the school formerly attended, provided the latter school has less than fifteen accredited units. This applies in each and every contest regularly scheduled herein. SEC. 6. Advanced Classification.-This term is used to describe the special conditions under which a school in one conference may be moved into an­other conference in one or another or in all contests scheduled herein. (For rules governing classification, see the various Plans of Competition.) For advanced classification in music competition, see p. 94. SEC. 7. Junior and Senior Divisions.-Pupils under fifteen and over ten years of age on the first day of the preceding September are "juniors"; pupils fifteen or over and under nineteen the first day of the preceding September are "seniors." The terms "junior" and "senior" do not apply to contests not so designated in this bulletin. Notice that basketball, volleyball, debate, extemporaneous speech, etc., are not in junior and senior divisions. There is junior track and field, and a high-$chool track and field meet. SEC. 8. Composite Team.-A composite team is one the members of which are made up from different school units. No composite teams are permitted to compete in Interscholastic League contests, except as specifically provided in rules governing the music contests. SEC. 9. College.-A "college" is any institution offering work above that of a regular high school, as determined by the latest catalogue or course of study of the institution under consideration. SEC. 10. Event.-An "event" is a part of a contest. For illustration: Track and Field is a contest made up of fourteen different events. SEC. 11. The Bureau of Public School Service.-That part of the Extension Division of The University of Texas, which, in addition to other activities, serves as an organizing agency for the League. SEC. 12. The League.-The League, organized yearly, consists of those public schools (see Article III, Section 1) which accept the plan of competi­tions set forth in this Constitution and Rules by fulfilling the requirements set forth in Article III, Sections 1 and 2. SEc. 13. Meets.-A "meet" is the gathering together of pupils for the purpose of engaging in scheduled contests. A "local" meet is one in which participation is confined to pupils of an individual school and generally for the purpose of qualifying contestants for the "district" meet. A "district" meet is one in which two or more schools in the same conference participate for the purpose of qualifying contestants for the "regional" meet. A "re­gional" meet is one in which the winners from a group of "district" meets compete for qualification to the State meet. The "State" meet is one in which regional winners compete for State Championships in contests scheduled in Rule 23 of Spring Meet Plan. SEc. 14. Credit.-A "credit" means a unit which the school counts toward graduation, not necessarily in subjects in which the school is accredited by the Texas Education Agency. SEC. 15. Semester.-A "semester," in the meaning of Article VIII, Section 16, is one-half of the long session during which a pupil may earn independent credit for scholastic work. SEc. 16. Term.-The word "term" is used herein to designate the period between the opening and the closing of school, usually from September to May. It is synonymous with "session," or with "long session" in institutions which have a "summer session." SEC. 17. Tournament and Round-robin.-The word "tournament" is used herein in contradistinction to "round-robin." It implies that several teams are assembled in a given place at one time for an elimination contest. "Round­robin" is used to describe a series of contests, either at one time or scattered over several days or weeks or months, in which each team contests with every other team, and the winner is determined on a percentage basis. SEc. 18. Recruiting.-The term "recruiting" as used in Rule 6 (e) of the Football Plan and Basketball Plan means offering any inducement, directly or indirectly to a football or basketball player to enroll in a given school. An inducement may be actual cash, remission of tuition, board or lodging, free transportation, a job for which remuneration is above that normally paid for such services, or other valuable consideration. SEC. 19. Enrollment.-In judging eligibility under Article VIII, Section 16, a pupil's enrollment period in a given semester begins with the day of his registration and ceases with his last day of attendance. A pupil changed from one high school to another, registered and went through a skeleton program on one day consisting of 15-minute class periods and returned the next day to his original high school. This does not constitll te enrollment, since it is necessary for the pupil to attend a full class period before he is considered enrolled. In rules of the League which use enrollment as a basis for determining the number on a given team, count only those grades which will be eligible at the time of the district meet. Do not count pupils on total enrollment who will pass into an ineligible grade or graduate at mid-term. In classifying high schools for competition in League contests for 1956-57 school term, the number enrolled in the last four grades in high school is determined by the figures given in "Average Membership" of the "Superin­tendent's Annual Report." SEC. 20. Dormitory School.-The term "dormitory school" means a school that is eligible for League membership under provisions of Article III, Sec­tion 1, and one whose students live in the dormitories of the institution. SEC. 21. High-School Team.-For purposes of interpretation in this Con· stitution and Rules, a "high-school team" is defined as a group of players, any one of which has ever been used in an interschool game which counts on League standing. SEC. 22. Disqualification.-The penalty of "disqualification" prevents the offending school from qualifying for any League honors only in the contest in which the infraction of rules occurs. ARTICLE VIII Eligibility Rules The following eligibility rules shall apply to every contest held under the auspices of this League. School principals and superintendents are charged with the responsibility of seeing that these rules are strictly observed in each and every contest in which their pupils engage. The "Official Notice" column in the Leaguer is considered sufficient notice to all member-schools concerning interpretations of rules. SECTION 1. Age Limit.-No one shall take part in any contest in this League who, on the first day of September preceding the contest, has reached or passed his nineteenth birthday. A contestant who is eligible under this rule at the beginning of any Interscholastic League season remains eligible throughout the season. Earliest documentary evidence shall be final in deciding disputes arising under this rule. Records in family Bibles are not accepted as evidence if the entry o/Jered shows any sign of alteration. Moreover, entries which were not made at or near the time of birth are considered valueless as evidence. Recent affidavits of date of birth are not ac­ceptable as evidence of date of birth. Note that date of filing of birth certificate lieter­mines the date of the document. SEC. 2. Undergraduates Only.-No one shall take part in any contest in this League who has been graduated from his school or other school of equal or higher rank or who has sufficient credits to entitle him to a diploma, except: A contestant shall not be barred by this rule who has been graduated from a school of less than fifteen accredited units (as recorded in the current Bulletin on Standards and Activities of the Texas Education Agency) and returns to take the advanced work in a high school having as many as three more accredited units; provided, that such pupil is an undergraduate in the school to which he or she returns or to which he or she has been transferred. (Note, however, Section 13, of this article.) A contestant shall not be barred by this rule until he has completed six semesters of eligibility in a three-year high school or eight semesters of eligibility in a four-year high school, pro· vided he has not received a diploma or participated in graduation exercise. a. Participation as a graduate in graduation exercises constitutes "graduation" within the meaning of this rule. A pupil receiving a "dummy diplomd' is considered a graduate, and no revocation of a diploma, for any reason, restores undergraduate status in so far as this rule is concerned. b. The diploma referred to in the phrase "sufficient credits to entitle him to a di­ploma" means any diploma based on the minimum number of credits, irrespective of other requirements not involving credits, shaU be considered as meeting the graduate requirements of Article VIII, Section 2. c. The graduation requirements effective at the beginning of the school year govern in the application of this rule. d. The high schoofs classification in force at the time the school opened for the cur­rent year governs. This seems the fairest interpretation, since otherwise, the action of the county board one way or another might render eligible or ineligible pupils who have already made choice of a high school for the year. SEC. 3. Scholarship Requirernent.-No one shall take part in any contest in this League who, at the time of the contest, is not passing, since the be­ginning of the semester or term, in at least three half-unit credit courses (for which the contestant has no credit), to the date seven days prior to the con­test. Provided, that a pupil in a grade below the high school shall be con­sidered as fulfilling the scholarship requirement if he is passing in three­fourths of the work offered as a normal student.load, and provided further, that in a school not offering a total of 720 minutes of recitation work per week a pupil may satisfy the scholarship requirement if he is taking the regular amount of recitation work for that school and is passing in three­fourths of such work. a. The scholarship rule requires three courses taken in the high school. Work taken in any institution outside of the high school which the contestant seeks to represent may not be counted in order to make up the required amount of work. b. Seven days prior to the date of a contest (in Regional music contests, twenty-one days) is the date which determines the eligibility of a contestant under this requirement. If at this time (seven days before the contest), the nature of the contestant's work, taken as a whole from the beginning of the semester would not entitle him to promotion if it were promotion time, in at least three subjects, he is not eligible and he remains ineligible until the time when his work taken as a whole from the beginning of the semester would entitle him to promotion. See definition of semester in Article VII, Section 15. c. A course of less than one-half unit per semester cannot be co1tnted. For illustration, two one-fourth unit courses cannot be counted as one-half unit course. SEC. 4. College Contestants Barred.-No one shall take part in any contest in this League who, either as a substitute or as a regular, ever represented a college in any contest; or, who has ever attended a college as a regular stu­dent, "regular college student" meaning a student who has ever enrolled for as much as one college course. (For definition of "college" see Article VII, Section 9.) No course is considered a college course within the meaning of this rule for which only high-school credit is given, although such course may be administered by a college. SEc. 5. Day Students Only.-The studies required in these rules shall be taken during the day session of school. SEC. 6. Attendance.-No one shall take part in any contest in this League who, at the time of the contest, has not been a bona fide regular attendant in t.he school unit represented for thirty calendar days immediately preceding the contest, or since the first day of the second week of the current school year; i.e., a pupil who enrolls after the first day of the second week is not eligible for thirty calendar days. Absence for not over two weeks on account of sickness or other unavoidable cause shall not bar a pupil if a written certificate of such cause for absence is presented, signed by the parent or guardian; provided, that such absence cannot be computed on time prior to the student's actual entry in a given school, or after his withdrawal. SEC. 7. Competitions Outside League.-In all games or contests outside the League, and in so.called "non-conference" games, a League member shall abide by the rules and regulations of the League and be subject to the same penalties for infractions as if the contest or game were with another member of the League or as if the infraction were made in a regular "conference" game that decided League standing. This section does not apply to "B" squads or scrnb teams of participating schools. No member-school's scrub team, "A" or "B" team may schedule an interschool contest in a sport in which the other school is suspended. SEC. 8. Amateurs Only.-No one shall take part in any athletic contest in this League who has ever received money, or other valuable consideration for teaching, officiating, or participating in any athletic sport, or game, or who in any game outside of games played as a member of his school team or the Interscholastic League has, within the last twelve months, competed on an athletic team with a paid player or contestants, or who for valuable con­sideration has allowed his name to be used for the promotion of any product, plan or service. Teaching, officiating or participating in the following games or sports for "valuable consideration" shall be considered as a violation of this rule: base­ball, basketball, boxing, football, golf, rodeo events, softball, swimming and diving, tennis, track and field, weight lifting, wrestling. Sports and games not mentioned above may be added to the list by the State Executive Committee upon one year's notice to the member-schools. This rule does not apply to pupils who were under 15 years of age at the time payment for athletic services was made; neither shall it prohibit the acceptance of rebates on railroad fare in interscholastic contests fostered by institutions of higher education. The penalty for violation of this rule shall be forfeiture of eligibility for one year from the date of the violation. a. Money or other valuable consideration accepted by a contestant after a contest ren­ders the contestant ineligible for further participation in Interscholastic League contests, irrespective of whether or not there was any agreement with regard to remuneration previous to the contest. b. This rule has been construed to prohibit a contestant from receiving any payment or valuable consideration, either for participation in, or as an incentive to participate in, any game or sport, including payment of expenses for a trip to a college for the purpose of considering an athletic scholarship or the signing of an agreement for such scholar­ship. SEC. 9. Playing under Assumed Name.-No one shall participate in any contest of the League, who has ever contested under an assumed name in any contest, (1) conducted under the auspices of the Interscholastic League, or, (2) in which participation would affect his eligibility for contests conducted under the auspices of the League. SEc. 10. Certificate of Eligibility.-Before each athletic season a member school shall file with the district chairman a list of the contestants represent­ing that school with the eligibility of such contestants certified to by the principal or superintendent. SEC. 11. State Winners Barred.-The winner of the State Championship (that is, first place) in debate (or member of the winning team), declama­tion, extemporaneous speech, poetry reading, number sense, or slide rule, shall not be eligible again in the contests in which the championship was won; and contestants awarded 100 per cent certificates in spelling are also disqualified from further competition in that class and division in spelling. SEC. 12. Double Representation.-The same contestant shall not be eligible to represent his school in more than one of the public speaking contests in the same year. Participation in the one-act play contest shall not be considered participation in a "public speaking event." SEC. 13. Changing Schools.-A pupil changing schools is not eligible in League contests whose parents (or guardian) reside outside the school dis­trict, until he shall have been in attendance at the school or in the school system to which he changes for one year immediately preceding the contest; provided, such pupil is not barred under this rule who ( 1) changes from a school district in which the parents of the pupil actually reside, having less than fifteen accredited units to the nearest school in good standing with the League having as many as three more, or to the school having fifteen or more accredited units located nearest his home or the nearest one in his county, as measured by the public road, (2) lives with his parents or guard­ian and elects to change to any higher class school within 15 miles of his home. a. The school of the school district in which contestant resides has less than fifteen accredited units. He is therefore eligible in School A, which is the nearest higher class school to his home or the nearest one in the county. But last session he attended School B, a higher class school, but not, of course, the nearest one to his home. This year he returns home and enters School A. ls he eligible to represent School A this session? He is eligible for participation in League contests this session, since the School A district is his "home district" in so far as League rules are concerned. Notice, however, Article VIII, Section 14. b. In order to avail himself of the residence of his guardian to become eligible under this rule, the guardianship must be legal, recorded in its regular order in the office of the District or County Clerk, and of at least one year's standing. If no legal guardianship has been taken out, three years' residence with and support of a contestant establishes guardianship within the meaning of this rule, except in case both parents of the con· testant are living no guardianship is possible in the meaning of this rule. c. A contestant, both of whose parents are dead, is eligible his first year in the school district wherein a grandparent, uncle, aunt, or older brother or sister resides, with whom he lives and by whom he is supported. Notice, however, Article VIII, Section 14. d. This rule applies only to pupils in high school. e. If the parents of a contestant move from the district before he has been in attend­ance for one year he loses his eligibility in the school district from which his parents move, and remains ineligible there until his year is up. f. In unaccredited schools, a contestant is eligible his first year only in the one located nearest his home or the nearest one in his county. If he has finished the grades offered in the nearest school, he automatically becomes eligible in the nearest school offering work in a higher grade. After an enrollment of three weeks, or longer, in an accredited school, the contestant cannot re-establish eligibility (under one year) in the unaccredited school unless there has been a corresponding change of residence on the part of his parents, or unless the contestant's home school has been raised in rank by adding at least one grade. g. "Bus" transfers are on the same basis as individual transfers except that bus trans­fers assigned by the County Bo11.rd are not affected by this section. h. This rule applies also within a city havin~ two or more senior high schools, but does not apply to elementary grades. Neither does it apply to junior high-school graduates who change to the senior high school designated for such junior high-school graduates. Districts outlined by the local school board shall govern. A pupil living in an "over­lapping" district is eligible his first year under this rule in the school of his choice so long us he is living in the district of that high school. After a pupil under these condi­tions makes a choice of a high school, he will lose his eligibility for one year if he changes to another high school even in the same school system, unless a corresponding change of residence by his parents has been made. Notice, however, Article VIII, Section 14. If parents change residence from District A in a city system to District Bin the same system, the pupil may choose the high school of District B or the central vocational high school whose district includes all the other districts. In ruling on the transfer of contestants from high schools in a city system of schools to a central vocational school under this section, the "overlapping district" interpretation contained in paragraph "h" applies; that is, the vocational high-school di.strict including all the other districts is considered as an "overlapping district." i. In case of discontinuance of the school this section does not apply. j. After a pupil in a lower class school makes a choice of a higher class school within 15 miles of his home he will lose his eligibility for one year if he changes to another higher class school located within 15 miles of his home; unless (I) there is a correspond­ing change of residence by his parents, or (2) the County Board of Education has ordered the clumge of schools and the tuition and bus money has been trans/ erred in accordance with the law providing for transfers from one district to another. SEC. 14. One Year Rule.-A pupil who has represented a high school (other than his present school) or academy in either football or basketball is ineligible in both of these sports for one year in a school to which he changes, except a pupil who changes from a school which he has attended for at least one year having less than fifteen accredited units to the nearest higher class school (see Article VII, Section 5) to his home, or the nearest in his county. A pupil living at home with his parents (or guardian) and qualifying under the "exception" clause above, is eligible under this section in any higher class school within 15 miles. A pupil changing from a training school conducted by a college to the local high school in which district his parents have lived at least one year, is not ineligible under this rule. A junior high-school pupil who has represented his junior high school in football or basketball is ineligible in both of these sports in a school district to which he changes until he has been in attendance for one year. a. To be ineligible under this rule the pupil must have represented in football or basket· ball another high school having as many as 15 accredited units. The number of units held by the former school when the pupil enrolls in the new school governs this point. Participation on "B'' squad in an inter-school football or basketball game counts as having represented a high school. b. A pupil is eligible under this rule who enrolls the first year in a newly created school located nearest his home (where he has resided for a least one year). c. In the meaning of this rule, the one year provision has been satisfied when the pupil has been in attendance in the new school for two semesters even though the semesters may not be two consecutive semesters. d. In case of discontinuance of the school which a contestant has represented in basket· baU or football, this section does not apply. e. This section shall not operate to render pupils ineligible in a school to which they are changed by order of the County Board and to which their tuition money and bus money have been transferred, in accordance with the law providing for transfers from one district to another. f. "A contestant represents school A, a fully accredited high school in an interschool football or basketball game; then he moves to school B, another fully accredited high school, where he remains ineligible for one year and consequently does not take part irr any interschool football or basketball games. Later he moves to school C, a third fully accredited high school." This section shall not operate to render the pupil ineligible in school C, or in any other school to which he changes, since the provisions of this Rule: have been satisfied when the pupil was in attendance for two consecutive semesters, with­out having participated in any interschool football or basketball games. g. In desegregated school districts, this section shall not operate to render pupils in­eligible in a high school to which they are assigned by the local school board, provided the pupil has no other choice of schools. SEC. 15. Teachers lneligible.-A person who is teaching whole or part time is ineligible for any League contest. S'Ec. 16. Passin6 Grade Preceding Scmester.-No one shall take part in any contest in this League who did not attend school a major portion of the preceding semester and who did not complete at least three half units (see Article VII, Section 19) during the semester. a. Question arose as to whether a contestant was eligible to compete in a basketball game the Saturday night following the Friday which was the last school day of the fall semester. The contestant had failed to pass in three credit courses during the spring semester of the preceding school year, but had passed in three credit courses during the fall semester. At the time of the game, it was a question of which was the "last semester," the fall or the spring semester. The contestant was ineligible since the fall semester does not close until the new semester has begun, and the new semester does not begin until school is in session again after the last school day of the fall semester. For definition of a "semester" see Article V //, Section 15. b. A student changing schools is ineligible under this section if the school to which he changes ref uses to allow credit for work completed the preceding semester in the former school. c. A year's credit in a subject granted on the basis of grades made during both semes· ters may be counted as one of the three half units required regardless of the particular grade for either semester. d. No exceptions are made to this rule for any reason. If the contestant was sick, or had to quit school for other good reasons, he simply is not eligible if he failed to get credit for three half-unit credit courses during the preceding semester. Summer school work or any work handed in after the close of the semester cannot be counted. A con­testant who has been out of school a full year or more is eligible provided he attended a major portion of, and made three half units, the last semester he was in school. The fact that he was passing at the time of his withdrawal does not satisfy this rule. If he did not eam ·the prescribed credit he is not eligible. If the contestant was enrolled less than three weeks his last semester he is not considered as having "attended" that semes­ter. e. In case the session is nQt divided in a given school into semesters, the pupil must have been promoted at the last promotion period. f. Scholastic work to be valid must be work for which the contestant does not already have credit. g. A pupil who has been out of school a year or more is eligible under this section if he a:tended school a major portion of the last semester that he was in school, and -:ompleted three half units. h. An elementary pupil in order to be eligible for participation in League contests must have attended a major portion of the semester or term and must have been regularly and unconditionally promoted at the last promotion period in school attended. Such a pupil who has been out of school a year or more is eligible under this section if he was regularly and unconditionally promoted at the last promotion period in the school year during which he last attended sclwol. A pupil who has been promoted conditionally from the elementary school to the high school may still be eligible under this rule if he passed the last semester in the elementary school, three elementary-school subjects. SEC. 17. Post-season Participation Forbidden.-No one shall take part in any athletic contest in this League who has ever participated in a post-season football game other than one duly scheduled in the League championship senes. SEC. 18. Ten Semester Rule.-No one shall take part in any contest in this League after the end of the tenth consecutive semester following his first enrollment in the eighth grade. (Note: See Composite Team Rule Article VII, Section 8). a. This section limits the eligibility of a contestant to not more than eight consecutive semesters in a four-year high school and not more than six consecutive semesters in a three-year high school. b. When a pupil enrolls in two or more eighth grade subjects this section is in effect. SEC. 19. Out-of-State Competition.-No one shall take part in any athletic contest in this League who has competed either as an individual or as a mem­ber of an athletic team in an out-of-state athletic contest that has not been approved by the State Executive Committee. This rule does not apply te> regular scheduled school games arranged by the school officials, nor to ath­letic contests participated in between the closing and opening of the parti­cipant's school "terms" (provided the Amateur and Awards Rules are not vioated). (For definition of School "term," see Article VII, Section 16.) SEC. 20. Athletic Try-Outs.-No one shall take part in any athletic contest in this League who has ever participated in a college athletic practice session or tests for purposes vf revealing, demonstrating or displaying athletic ability in any sport. ARTICLE IX Relations Between District, Regional, and State Contests Refer to the Spring Meet section for information on District, Regional and State Contests, page 28. ARTICLE X All-Round Championship Refer to the Spring Meet section for information on All-Round Cham­pionships, page 31. ARTICLE XI Expenses and Rebates SECTION 1. Tournaments and Meets.-ln district meets and tournaments, the prizes offered and rebates of contestants and of judges shall be provided for as the respective directors may determine. Admission charges in any meet or tournament may be made when deemed advisable. If receipts exceed expenses of the meet or tournament the balance should be rebated to partici­pating schools on a fair mileage basis. The executive Committee of a Meet may collect a small entry fee if other sources are insufficient to finance the Meet. SEC. 2. Final Meet.-At the final contests the visiting contestants shall bear their own expenses in the first instance. The State Executive Commit­tee, however, shall devote from the amount received in fees in the current year, after defraying necessary expenses of the League not covered by Uni­versity appropriations, to the payment of rebates on a mileage basis, com­puted on the mileage given by the Texas State Highway Official Mileage Chart. In case town is not listed on mileage chart, county seat of county in which town is located is taken for computing rebate. The rebates shall be payable to each school which is represented by actual participation in State contests and shall include faculty representatives from each participating school as provided in Rule 24 of Spring Meet section. Not more than five track and one-act play contestants from any one school shall be entitled to rebate. A rebate of one cent per mile per contestant or delegate has been customary. An automobile conveying five qualified contestants and delegates will thus receive five cents per mile for the trip to Austin and return. Since the rebate will be on a per-mile-per-contestant basis, it will be seen that an economy may be effected by bringing as many individuals as convenient in one car. It will be seen that district delegations may effect an economy by organizing "car-pools." ARTICLE XII Disputes All disputes (except decisions of judges and referees of contests) among the members of the League shall be settled by the appropriate executive committee. A district or regional executive committee may, if desired, sub­mit a case in dispute to the State Executive Committee for adjudication, except that the decision of district football and basketball committees in all disputes arising in connection with the determination of the district championship shall be final. Others who feel that they have a just cause for complaint against any executive committee (except in football and basketball) may appeal the case to the State Executive Committee for final decision ; in which instance a written statement of facts shall be presented both by the appellant and by the executive committee together with all documentary evidence considered; provided, that all protests must be made in writing within twenty-four hours after the contest. Eligibility pro­tests, however, are not subject to the 24-hour limitation. The representative of a school involved is disqualified from sitting as a member of the committee in the adjudication of the dispute. Protests must be presented by either superintendent or principal. The State Executive Committee shall have jurisdiction of all disputes arising between schools belonging, respectively, in different conferences and districts. In passing upon eligibility of players the district committee acts in a judicial capacity. A proper judicial approach involves reasonable notice (i.e., sufficient to permit an answer to charges made or issues raised), an opportunity for a fair hearing, and an unbiased decision based upon the evidence presented. ARTICLE XIII Penalties SECTION 1. Suspension.-Any school that violates any of the eligibility rules or regulations in the plans of competition of this League may be sus­pended from further competition in the League for a period of from one to three years in the contest in which the infraction is made upon presentation to the State Executive Committee of sufficient evidence of said infraction. Football and basketball eligibility cases arising inside the district shall be decided by the appropriate football and basketball district committee, as provided in Article XII and in Rule 6 of the Basketball Plan and of the Football Plan. If, in the opinion of the district committee, the offense is of sufficient gravity to warrant suspension from the League, the district com· mittee shall make such recommendation to the State Executive Committee and transmit its findings of fact in the case or cases, which the State Execu­tive Committee shall consider in passing upon whether or not the offending school shall be suspended. Nothing in this section or in Art. XII shall be interpreted to limit the power of the State Executive Committee in making investigations and initiat­ing proceedings against any member-school whenever, in the opinion of the Committee, there is sufficient evidence at hand to justify such action. SEC. 2. Mandatory Penalty.-A school that continues to use a contestant who has been declared ineligible shall be suspended from the League for a period of from one to three years in the contest in which the infraction is made, and all contracts with member-schools in this contest become at once null and void. SEC. 3. May Not Play Suspended Teams.-No school in this League shall engage in any contest with a suspended school, and any school violating this rule shall be suspended. This prohibition applies, of course, only to the contest in which the school is suspended. Scrub teams and "B" teams of League member are governed by this rule. Schools under suspension in any contest will be listed in the September and following issues of the Interscholastic Leaguer, Official Notice Column. SEC. 4. Records.-A school shall produce its records upon request by an appropriate executive committee, and refusal to do so shall constitute grounds for suspension from one to three years. SEC. 5. Minimum Penalty.-The minimum penalty for using an ineligible contestant is forfeiture of the contest in which the ineligible contestant par­ticipated. ARTICLE XIV Annual Meetings The annual meeting of representatives of member-schools shall be held at the State meet of the several conferences. At this meeting, matters pertaining to the League shall be discussed and recommendations made to State Legislative Advisory Council regard­ing any changes in the rules. Each member-school present shall be entitled to one vote at this meeting, which shall be cast by the superintendent or principal or the duly authorized delegate from the member-school. ARTICLE XV Amendments All amendments to the Constitution and Rules of the League shall be made by the State Executive Committee, provided, that all material changes in the eligibility and other rules which do not involve a question of Uni­versity policy shall first be submitted to the members of the League at the annual meeting and/ or to the advisory council for an advisory vote (see Art. IV, Sec. 2, last paragraph). In a case considered an emergency, the State Executive Committee may submit a proposed change for a referendum vote to the member-schools. All changes in eligibility rules shall require one year's notice. ARTICLE XVI Limitation of Awards No member-school of this League shall be permitted to issue (and no pupil shall be permitted to receive) awards for participation in interschool competition in excess of $15.00 (or equivalent in value) per year; except that an additional symbolic award not to exceed $2.00 each may be pre­sented for each additional interschool activity. This rule shall apply to all inter-school contests in which a pupil or school may participate, including non-League sponsored events scheduled on an inter-school basis. Contests which are not conducted on an inter-school basis shall not come under the jurisdiction of this rule. (The amateur rule will apply to all athletic contests.) Acceptance of scholarship awards given upon enrollment in a college or university is not considered as a violation of this rule. The penalty for violation of this rule shall be forfeiture of eligibility for one year. (Ef­fective 1957-58 school year.) Enforcement of this rulee shall rest with the State Executive Committee, and violation of the herein provisions may be used as ground for suspension. This rule shall not be interpreted to prohibit the acceptance of symbolic awards such as medals and cups as tokens of achievements to contestants in meets or tournaments provided the awards are made by the organization conducting the meet or tournament. a. This section applies only to awards given by the school, or awards received by a pupil from any source for participating in interschool contests. Awards, rewards, gifts or other valuable consideration received for participating in athletic contests other than interschool events are to be governed by the provisions of the Amateur Rule. b. The giving of special awards to individuals by a district executive committee in foot­ball is a violation. A school cannot accept an award for an individual player and hold it until his eligibility is completed and then give it to the player. c. Educational trips shall not be interpreted as a violation of the Awards Rule provided the trips are financed and sponsored solely by the school board. Spring Meet Plan The Spring Meet Plan, as set forth in this section of the Constitution and Rules, provides for the detailed organization and administration of the Spring Meet contest program beginning in the district and progressing through the region to the State Meet. 1. Eligible Schools.-No school shall be eligible for the District Meet unless it is a paid-up member of the League. 2. Conferences.-Spring Meet conference assignments will correspond to the district assignments in basketball. The district chairman for basketball has been designated by the State Executive Committee as the organizing chairman for the spring meet districts. Conferences AAAA and AAA spring meet districts will be merged into one conference at the regional level and will be designated as spring meet Con­ference AA for regional and state eliminations. Conferences A and B spring meet districts will be merged at the regional level and will be designated as Conference B for the regional and state elimi­nations. Conference AA will be designated as Conference A at the regional and state eliminations. Member schools shall be classified for competition in spring contest on the basis of the number enrolled in the last four grades in high school as deter­mined by the figures given in "average membership" of the superin­tendent's annual report, and there shall be no exception to this procedure. District Meet 3. Districts.-The state shall be divided into districts for each confer­ence, and competition shall extend to a state championship in the con­tests and events listed in Rule 23 of this plan. The State Executive Com­mittee may merge or rearrange districts for improvement of the competi­tive set-up. Junior high schools will not be assigned to high school districts for spring meet. If there is a junior high school member in an area where there is no junior high school district organized, that junior high school can not be as­signed to a district. Junior high school district winners do not qualify to any higher meet. In some areas, there are large elementary schools containing seventh and eighth grades. These school units are eligible to be assigned to a junior high school district, upon application to the junior high school executive commit­tee and the approval of the State Executive Committee. 4. District Organization.-The last date for organizing the district for Spring Meet shall be February 1. The chairman of the Basketball District Ex­ecutive Committee shall serve as the temporary chairman of the district and he shall call a meeting of all participating schools in the district preferably during November but in no case later than February 1. At this meeting a District Executive Committee shall be created com· posed of faculty representatives from the participating high schools. The District Executive Committee shall not alter or change the Spring Meet schedule in any way. For illustration, suppose a school begins in the fall the preparlltian for a given contest expecting of course to be able to compete in it at the District Meet. On arriving at the Meet, however, it is found that the Committee decided in January or February that this contest was not to be offered. A dispute immediately ensues as to notice, the Committee claiming that it gave notice and the school contending that the notice was not received. In order to prevent such disputes and disappointment of contestants and to encourage 1chools to begin their preparation early in the fall, the rules do not permit the executive committee of a given meet to change the schedule of contests, or to alter their re1pective values in counting points toward all-round championships. 5. Duties of the District Executive Committee.-lt shall be the duty of the district executive committee to enforce eligibility rules in the district; to select the Director General; to select the site and date for the meet; to ar· range for holding district meet for high schools; to arrange for financing the meet; to canvass schools for entries to such contests; to see that only those schools on the official list furnished by the State Office are permitted to enter; to cooperate with the schools in effecting and promoting a district organization; to correspond with the State Office with regard to the interests of the work; to adjudicate disputes arising within the district subject to provisions of Article XII; and in general to work toward making the con· tests worthwhile in and by themselves, regardless of subsequent contests. It shall be the duty of the Director General of the meet to select the judges and directors of the contests; to have available all the contest mate· rials furnished by the State Office; to work out the contest schedule and to have immediate responsibility for seeing that the meet is conducted in an orderly manner. Although the Director General is expected to exert every effort to notify all member schools in the district regarding the date of the meet, each school is responsible for ascertaining the date. (It is suggested that in financing the meet, the town holding the meet raise funds so that it will not be necessary to charge contestants entry fees. An admission charge to contests is often made and helps defray the expense of the meet.) 6. Reports.-The Director General at the close of a given meet shall compile a list from the reports furnished him by the individual contest directors and shall forward it to the Director General of the next higher meet. 7. Entries.-The superintendent or principal of a school shall be re­sponsible for entering the contestants in the district meet ten days before the day of the meet. A school winning representation to the next higher meet shall send imme­diately to the director general of that meet an entry-list in due form giving the name of the school, the name of the contest, and the names of the con­testants with certification of eligibility. Entries to the Regional Meet shall be in the office of the Regional Director on the Monday preceding the date of the meet. It is the responsibility of the superintendent qualifying contestants to the next higher meet to ascertain the date, time and place of the meet. 8. District Meets.-Contestants selected by member-schools are entitled to enter the District Meets in events listed in Rule 14 of this section, to which they are respectively eligible. Entries in the District Meet must be filed with the Director General ten days prior to the meet. 9. One-Act Play Area Meets.-District winners in the One-Act Play Con­test in Conferences A and B qualify to Area Meets. Names of Area Centers and Officers will be published in the February issue of the Interscholastic Leaguer. Area winners qualify to the Regional Meets. See the League Calendar for dates of Area One-Act Play Meets. 10. Contest Supplies.-Supplies, such as blanks, tests, etc., necessary for conducting meets shall be furnished from the State Office upon requi­sition by the Director General. It is the responsibility of the Director Gen­eral to request this contest material from the League Office far enough in advance of the contest date to ensure delivery of the material before the contest. 11. Substitutions.-In case a contestant qualifying in a meet finds that he will be unable to attend the next higher meet, it shall be the duty of his principal or superintendent to notify the next place winner in the contest (except in track or field), who shall become eligible to represent his dis­trict or region as the case may be. No substitution is allowable in individual contests, except in tennis, girls' singles; but local school authorities may make a substitution to fill a vacancy on a team, as in tennis doubles and debate, or in a one-act play cast. For substitutions in Track and Field see Rule 10 in Track and Field Rules p. 146. No more than one alternate may be listed as a substitute. 12. Championship Optional.-There may be an all-round championship awarded at the District Meet, at the discretion of the Executive Committee of the meet. Points won by an elementary school cannot be counted toward all·round championship in high-school meet and vice versa. 13. Points by Default.-Points taken by default count toward all-round championship. A winner by "default" is one against whom no opposition is entered; a winner by "forfeit" is one whose opponent has entered but, for one rea­son or another, fails or refuses to continue the contest. A winner by default is awarded first place points. 14. Schedule of Points.-ln district meets and in elementary school meets, the championship in the respective conferences and in the elemen­tary school meets, shall be awarded to the school which wins the highest number of points and at the same time satisfies the requirements of Rule 15 of this article. Only the events listed in this section may be counted toward the all-round championship. Attempt to change the schedule of points in conference meets has caused more dis­satisfaction than any other one thing. District Committees which arbitrarily change the schedule are uniformly overruled by the State Committee upon appeal by any dis­satisfied school. In determining the all-round championship, points shall be awarded on the following basis: Third Winner Runner-up Place Arithmetic (number-sense) --------------------­--------------­ 15 10 5 Debate ---------------------------------------------------------------------­ 20 15 Declamation -------------------------------------------­---------------­ 10 7 5 Poetry Reading ------------------------------------------------------­ 10 7 5 Extemporaneous Speech -------------------­----------------­--­ 15 10 5 High-School Track and Field -------------------------------­ 30 15 10 High-School Playground Ball ----------------------------­--­ 20 10 5 Junior Boys' Track and Field --­----------------------------­ 15 10 5 Junior Playground Ball -----------------------------------------­ 15 10 5 One-Act Play ---­------------­----­--------------­----------­--------­- 20 10 5 Picture Memory --­--------­--------------------­---­----------------­ 7 5 2 Ready Writers -----­--------------­-----­----------------------------­ 15 10 5 Shorthand -------­------------------------------------­------------------­ 15 10 5 Slide Rule -------------­-------------------------------------------------­ 15 10 5 Spelling ---­--------------------------­----------------------­-------------­ 10 7 5 Story Telling -----­----------------------­----­-------------­---------­ 7 5 2 Tennis, Senior Doubles ----­----------------­-------------------­ 15 10 Tennis, Senior Singles -------------------------------------------­ 15 10 Tennis, Junior Doubles -----------------------------------------­ 5 3 Tennis, Junior Singles -------------------------------------------­ 3 2 Typewriting -----------------------------------------------------------­ 15 10 5 Volleyball --------------------------------------------------­------------­ 15 10 5 15. Allocation of Points.-In computing points towards all-round cham­pionship, points as above scheduled are awarded in each conference. For illustration: The first place winner in Ready Writers is listed above as re­ceiving 15 points. This means that the winner of first place in each confer­ence in Ready Writers is awarded 15 points, and so on with regard to each contest listed, and each place, as per schedule. The same number of points are awarded for winners in the grade school contests as in the high-school contest, where the same named contests (such as Declamation and Ready Writers) are used in both divisions. Elementary school points count only in the Elementary School Meet and high-school points count only in the high-school or district meet. In Typewriting, Shorthand, Spelling, and Picture Memory points are given on the team score. 16. No Points for Last Place.-ln no contest or event shall second or third place be counted if it is a last place, as determined by actual partici­pation in the contest. In case there are three entries in debate (for illus­tration) and one team defeats each of the others, the losers must be matched to determine second place, and this principle holds in any tourna­ment. If a school participates in the drawing it shall be considered "actual participation" in the contest. 17. All-round Championship Requirement.-No school shall be eligible to the all-round championship that does not place in at least three different contests of those above enumerated and in both athletic and non-athletic contests. In track and field a school has not "placed" unless it wins at least third place in the meet as determined by total points. 18. Division of Points among Schools Tied.-In case two schools are tied for first place, add first and second place points, and divide the sum equally between the two schools which are tied, awarding no second place points, the school ranking next to the two schools tied receiving third place points; in case two schools are tied for second place, add second and third place points, and divide equally the sum between the two schools which are tied, and award no third place points; and so on. In case two schools are tied for first place and two tied for second place, add first place points to half of second place points and divide equally between two schools tied for first place. Add all third place points to half of second place points and divide equally between the two schools tied for second place. Award no third place. Regional Meets 19. Qualification.-District winners qualify to the Regional Meet. Unless otherwise indicated, as in Debate and One-Act Play, contestants qualify as listed in this section from each conference. Conferences A and B merge into Conference B at the regional meet; Conferences AAA and AAAA merge into Conference AA at the regional meet. Conference AA at the district level will he designated as Conference A at the regional meet. One Conference B and A Debate Team (composed of either boys or girls or one hoy and one girl) One Girls' Debate Team (Conferences AA, AAA, AAAA) One Boys' Debate Team (Conferences AA, AAA, AAAA) One Senior Declaimer (Girl) One Senior Declaimer (Boy) One Poetry Reading (Girl) One Poetry Reading (Boy) Two Ready Writers One Extemporaneous Speaker (Girl) One Extemporaneous Speaker (Boy) One One-Act Play (From Conference A Area Meet) One One-Act Play (From Conference B Area Meet) One One-Act Play (From Conference AA, AAA, AAAA District Meet) One Girls' Tennis Doubles Team (Senior Division) One Boys' Tennis Doubles Team (Senior Division) One Girls' Tennis Singles Player (Senior Division) One Boys' Tennis Singles Player (Senior Division) Two Track and Field Three Shorthand Three Typing Three Number Sense Three Slide Rule Two Boys' Golf Singles Two Boys' Golf Teams Two Journalism (Contestants qualify direct from ILPC-certified schools) Names of the Regional Centers and officers will be published in the Inter­scholastic Leaguer. Entries in the Regional Meet shall be in the office of the Regional Director on Monday preceding the day of the meet. Although the Director General is expected to exert every effort to notify all member-schools in the region of the date of the regional meet, the prin­cipal or superintendent of each school having qualified representatives is responsible for ascertaining the date of the meet. 20. Duties of the Regional Executive Committee.-Each region of this organization as designated in the Interscholastic Leaguer shall be under the general charge of an Executive Committee to be appointed by the State Executive Committee, and shall consist of a Director General as Chairman, a Director of Literary Contests, a Director of Athletics, a Director of One­Act Plays, and three School Administrators appointed by the League office. The foregoing shall constitute the voting members of the respective com­mittees. It shall be the duty of such committees to have immediate charge of the contests in a given center; and to schedule final contests within date limits specified in the Calendar. The Director General shall have general charge of arrangements for the contests and appoint such other contest directors as are necessary. Furthermore, it is the duty of the Regional Executive Committee to ar­range the programs of their respective meets solely in the interest of the schools and participants, using just as little school time as possible, and necessitating just as little expense and travel as possible for pupils, their teachers and coaches. 21. Regional Meets.-It shall be the duty of the Regional Executive Committee to hold Regional Contests in accordance with the schedule in Rule 19 of this section. All entries in the Regional Meet shall be in the office of the Regional Director on Monday preceding the day of the meet. 22. Supplies.-The State Office will mail all supplies for the Regional Meet, such as blanks, tests, etc., necessary for the holding of the meet, to the Regional Director. State Meet 23. State Meet.-Winners from the Regional Meet in Conferences B, A, and AA shall be entitled to enter the State Meet held annually at The University of Texas on the first Thursday, Friday, and Saturday of May. Unless otherwise indicated, as in Debate, contestants qualify as listed in this section from each conference. One Conference B Debate Team (Composed of either boys or girls or a boy and a girl) One Girls' Debate Team (Conference A) One Girls' Debate Team (Conference AA) One Boys' Debate Team (Conference A) One Boys' DebateTeam (Conference AA) One Senior Declaimer (Girl) One Senior Declaimer (Boy) One Poetry Reading (Boy) One Poetry Reading (Girl) Two Ready Writers One Extemporaneous Speaker (Girl) One Extemporaneous Speaker (Boy) One One-Act Play One Girls' Tennis Doubles Team (Senior Division) One Boys' Tennis Doubles Team (Senior Division) One Girls' Tennis Singles Player (Senior Division) One Boys' Tennis Singles Player (Senior Division) Two Track and Field Two Shorthand Two Typing Two Number Sense Two Slide Rule One Boys' Golf Singles One Boys' Golf Team Two Journalism 24. Eligibility to Rebate.-Those attending the State Meet entitled to free housing and rebate on transportation expense are as follows: (a) All winners listed in Rule 23. (b) The Director General of each Regional center. ( c) A faculty representative for each school qualifying contestants en­titled to rebate and, in case a mixed delegation of boys and girls is quali­fied, two faculty representatives, a man teacher for boys and a woman teacher for girls. ( d) In case a given school has qualified representatives in golf, tennis, lite­rary, and track and field, it shall be entitled to rebate on three faculty representatives. Rebate will be paid to no more than five contestants in track and field, and no more than five contestants in one-act play from any given school. 25. Lodging.-The State Executive Committee will undertake to pro· vide lodging for all contestants and faculty representatives, as specified in this article, at the final meeting of the League. The large number of con­testants and faculty representatives renders it impossible to furnish lodging to parents, visitors, and those specified in Rule 23. 26. Certification.-Entries to the State Meet shall be in the State Office not later than ten days before the State Meet. The Regional Director Gen­eral shall report the Regional Winners in all contests as entrants at the State Meet except track and field. Each school qualifying contestants in track and field shall submit an entry blank giving the full name of the con· testant and the event in which he is entered. See the track and field section for special rules governing "Entries for the Final Meet." 27. Rebate for Final Meet.-Information on rebate allowance is found under Article XI, Section 2, page 24. Rules in Literary Contests Rules in Debate 1. The Proposition.-The proposition for debate during the 1956-57 school year follows: Resolved, That the Federal Government Should Suswin the Prices of Major Agricultural Products a' not less than 90% of Parity. 2. Represenlation.-The debating contest in the League shall be con­ducted in one division in Conferences A and B and in two divisions in each of the other conferences, as follows: In Conferences A and B, a school may enter one team which may be com­posed of two boys, two girls, or a boy and a girl. These conferences are merged at the Regional Meet. In Conferences AA, AAA and AAAA, a school may enter in its district meet two teams, one of boys and one of girls. AAA and AAAA are merged at the Regional Meet. In case there are not more than four schools entered in a district meet each school may double its representation with approval of district committee. 3. Eligibility.-Each debater entered must be eligible under Article VIII of the Constitution. 4. Eliminations.-The district championship may be decided by tourna· ment or round-robin, as the district committee directs (Appendix II). At the Regional and State Meets the championship may be determined by tournament procedure, or by round-robin, whichever is the more practical, as decided by regional and state contest officials. 5. Choice of Sides.-ln all contests sides shall be determined either by mutual consent or by lot, and in a series of preliminaries, choice of sides shall I-ie made as soon as practicable after opponents for the next round are determined. 6. Coaching for Debate.-Aside from the bulletins furnished by the State Office, and other reading matter, the assistance furnished contestants in pre­paring debates shall not exceed the following: (a) aid in outlining the argu­ments; (b) citing sources of information; ( c) correcting errors in English; and (d) suggestions as to delivery. Whenever a debater quotes at any length the words of another, the fact must be plainly stated. Proof that either mem­ber of a debating team has received assistance other than as above specified, or that quoted matter is used at any considerable length without giving due credit therefor, shall disqualify such team for that year. 7. Coaching during a Debate.-In all contests the debaters shall be sepa­rated from the audience and shall receive no coaching while the debate is in progress. By "coaching" is meant viva voce or other prompting either by the speaker's colleague or by any other person while the debater has the floor. A debater may, however, refer to his notes. 8. No Cheering.-ln order to guard against "rooting," no cheering shall be permitted during the debate, and the presiding officer shall see that this rule is strictly enforced. 9. The Time and Order of Speeches.-The time and order of speeches shall be as follows: MAIN Affirmative, 10 minutes. Negative, 10 minutes. Affirmative, 10 minutes. Negative, 10 minutes. REBUTTAL Negative, 5 minutes. Affirmative, 5 minutes. Negative, 5 minutes. Affirmative, 5 minutes. Either side may reverse the order of its speakers in rebuttal from that of the main speech. The presiding officer shall disqualify any team either member of which ignores the second warning of the timekeeper and exceeds the time-limit. (Caution: The debate coaches and individuals composing the teams should have a thorough understanding before the match is begun with the time­keeper concerning the signals which are to be given.) Contestant is allowed to finish his sentence after the second warning of the timekeeper. 10. Judges.-The judges for the debating contests shall be an odd num­ber, selected on the basis of capability and impartiality. The judges for the district contests shall be chosen by the district executive committee, subject to approval of a majority of the schools concerned. A critic judge may be used, but he must be approved by the schools being judged. The regional directors of debate shall select competent and unbiased judges for judging the regional tournaments. For the final contest at the University the judges shall he chosen by the State Executive Committee. The judges shall sit apart during a contest in order to hear the speakers from different parts of the auditorium. 11. Schools Represented Not to Be Known b')' the fudges.-So far as possible, the judges shall not know the school a debating learn represents, the contestants being designated as being on the "affirmative" or "negative" side, and this provision shall be followed at the State tournament. 12. Qualification.-District winners in each Conference qualify for regional meets and regional winners for the State Meet. 13. Substitutions.-After a given tournament has begun, no substitutions on a team which begins the tournament shall be allowed. 14. Debates Shall Be Public.-All matched contests in debate among members of the League shall be open to the public. This provision, of course, is not meant to prohibit charging of admission fee. 15. No lnterruptions.-The Chairman shall not permit any interruption of any of the speakers during the debate. Instructions to the Judges A copy of the following instructions shall be given to each judge: "The judges, who shall sit apart during the debate, shall judge the contest as a debate, voting without consultation 'Affirmative' or 'Negative' on the merits of the debate, irrespective of their individual opinions as to the merits of the question. In deciding which team has done the more effective debating, the judges shall take into consideration argument and delivery in both main and rebuttal speeches. In cases of doubt (that is, where the two teams are about equally balanced) argument shall be stressed relatively more than delivery and rebuttal work more than the main speeches. Furthermore, the judges shall consider carefully the following points: " (a) The debaters should show evidence of having done their own work. "(b) It is unfair to keep opponents in the dark as to the constructive case, in order to spring surprises near the end of the debate. " ( c) Canned refutation, in which a memorized series of possible argu· ments is culled over for declaiming in the rebuttal, should be penalized. " ( d) Mere declamation is poor debating, as it ignores the very nature and fact of discussion itself. "At the close of the debate each judge shall indicate his choice by ballot and deliver it to the presiding officer, who shall inspect the ballots in the presence of the representative of each school and announce the decision." The director of the contest is charged with the responsibility of enforcing these "instructions" and only the most flagrant delinquency in this matter will be considered grounds for protest. Rules in Declamation The purpose of the declamation contest is to incite competitive endeavor in mastering the thought of worthwhile selections and in acquiring the art of conveying that thought effectively to an audience. It will be noted that certain standards are set forth in the "Instructions to Judges." These have been very carefully worked out, and represent the best thought and practice in the speech field. These standards, we hope, will not only serve the judge, but will also serve the sponsor as a guide in training pupils who are pre· paring for the contest. The values of training in declamation are universally admitted, and may be found set forth in 1, 2, 3-order in any standard speech text. The point which we wish to emphasize here is that the League contests may he used to motivate training in this important art, to improve standards, to furnish helpful comparisons as between schools, and to stimulate intensive efforts on the part of the pupils who choose to enter. 1. Divisions.-There shall be four divisions in declamation in the respec· tive conferences, as follows: (a) Senior Boys, (h) Senior Girls, (c) Junior Boys, ( d) Junior Girls. For definitions of the terms "junior" and "senior" see Section 7, Article VII. A junior may enter the senior division in declamation but a senior may not enter the junior division. Pupils in elementary schools are eligible only for Elementary School Meets. It is strongly recommended that the contests follow the same general rules as in junior declamation in high school. 2. Representation.-Each member-school shall be entitled to enter a declaimer in the appropriate division in the district meet of the conference to which the school belongs. If no more than four schools are entered in either division schools may double their representation in that division with permission of the district committee. 3. Eligibility.-Each declaimer must be eligible under Article VIII of the Constitution. Contestants winning first place in district meets in Junior Declamation are disqualified for further participation in this division, see Article VIII, Section 11. 4. Declamations for Senior Boys and for Senior Girls.-Declamations for senior boys and girls are fundamentally orations. They are definitely not dramatic or humorous interpretative readings where characters are imperson­ated, or where a continuous dialogue between two or more characters is maintained. The declamations required in these divisions shall consist of prose selections lying in the general field of good citizenship. This require· ment may he fulfilled by a selection dealing with (1) the fundamental quali­ties or virtues necessary for good citizenship, (2) a story or exposition of noted events or characters that have contributed to the making of America, (3) selections commemorating Texas heroes, history, and progress, (4) discussion of a present-day public question or issue. In general, the subjects to be used are intended to lead the students to study the problems of our American system of government and to stimulate in speakers and hearers aspirations toward a better citizenship. Poetic quotations may be included in a prose selection provided the selection as a whole contains more prose than poetry. Humor may be included, but purely "funny" pieces will not be allowed. The purpose of these contests is to train pupils as public speakers and not as dramatic readers or mere entertainers. Therefore, a selection should be chosen which the speaker adopts as his own for the purpose of informing, convincing, or persuading the audience he is addressing on a present-day subject relating to the opportunities and duties of American citizenship. 5. Declamations for Junior Boys and for Junior Girls.-This contest is fundamentally one in the interpretation of good poetry. The poems given in this contest should not be dramatic or humorous readings in which there is definite acting on the part of the participants. Poetry declamations should be chosen from the works of recognized poets and should represent honest, sincere thinking rather than cheap trick-verse. The purpose of this contest is to train pupils in the art of expressing our great poetic heritage in as natural and sincere manner as possible. (The State Office does not issue a prescribed list of poems for this contest, but a suggested bibliography of poetry books is available for lOc.) The director of the contest should be certain that the judge, or judges, read and understand all rules and standards before the contest begins. 6. Length of Declamations.-No senior declamation shall exceed seven minutes in length. No junior declamation shall exceed five and a half minutes in length. 7. Programs.-The order of speaking in all preliminary contests shall be determined by lot. After the contestants have drawn for places on the pro· gram, they should be placed in a room off the speaking platform or stage, or in the audience. They should appear on the platform or stage alone, deliver their orations and leave the platform or stage. The next speaker should then appear, other speakers following in like fashion until all declaim­ers have spoken. It is definitely recommended that all speakers do not sit on the platform for the duration of the contest, but all speakers may remain in the auditorium if so desired. It is further recommended that declaimers not announce the author and title of their selections. Such announcements should be made by the director of the contest in this fashion: "Speaker Number 5 has chosen for his selection, 'The American Flag,' by Henry Ward Beecher," or a printed program should inform the audience as to the title and author 0£ each selection. 1£ there are more than nine entries in any one division, preliminaries should be arranged by the Director in charge, reducing the number in the final contest to six or less. 8. Programs of Final Contests.-A contest among the regional winners in each eligible division shall be held at the University during the State Meet, to determine first, second, and third place winners. The order 0£ speaking at the final contest shall be determined by lot. Speakers will appear on the program according to the number each has drawn. 9. No Cheering.-ln order to guard against "rooting," no cheering shall be permitted during a contest, and the chairman shall see that this rule is strictly enforced. All declamation contests shall be open to the public and an admission fee may be charged. 10. No Coaching.-No speaker shall be coached or prompted in any manner during the delivery of the declamation. 11. Gestures.-If gestures are used they shall be used in a natural way. Judges' decisions regarding gestures shall be final. (Note section on Meehan· ics of Delivery in the Judging Standards.) 12. Timekeepers.-At each junior declamation contest there shall be a timekeeper, who shall notify the speaker and the presiding officer by signal, when the speaker has consumed the time-limit of five minutes, in which case the speaker shall be required to conclude in one-half minute. It shall be the duty of the presiding officer to enforce this rule. At each senior declamation contest there shall be a timekeeper, who shall notify the speaker and the presiding officer by signal, when the speaker has consumed the time-limit of six and one-half minutes, in which case the speaker shall be required to con· elude in one-half minute. It shall be the duty of the presiding officer to enforce this rule. A contestant who continues speaking after the final warning signal of the timekeeper, shall be disqualified by the presiding officer. A speaker shall be allowed to finish the few words of his sentence on which he is speaking at the time the final signal is given. 13. Judging.-It is specifically recommended that a good critic judge be secured to judge all declamation contests. In case one good critic cannot be secured, three or any larger odd number of competent judges shall be used. The judges for the district contests shall be chosen by the District Execu­tive Committee, subject to the approval of a majority of the schools con· cerned. The regional directors of declamation shall select competent and un· biased judges for the regional tournaments. For the final contest at the University, the judges shall be chosen by the State Executive Committee. If three judges are used, the judges shall sit apart during a contest in order to hear the speakers from different parts of the auditorium. If the judges are forming a critic panel, it is permissible for them to con­fer before the decision is announced, otherwise their ballots shall be counted in the presence of the director of the contest or other qualified persons. At no time shall the general public be allowed to help count the ballots. The director of the contest should be certain that the judge, or judges, read and understand all rules and standards before the contest begins. 14. Protests on Eligibility of Selections.-Protests on the eligibility of senior and junior declamations must be made, before the decision of the judges is rendered, to the Director in charge of the contest. If the protest is on the nature of the selection, the source book from which the declamation was taken must be produced and handed to the judges for their decision as to whether the selection is poetry or prose, etc. In like manner, other pro­tests on eligibility will be referred by the Director to the judges. The de­cisions of the judges on these matters are final. 15. Original Declamations.-Senior declamations written by students are eligible for use provided they comply with all above regulations. Such declamations are to be judged on exactly the same basis as any other decla· mation. 16. Ranking the Contestants.-At the close of the contest each judge shall rank the speakers by numbers, 1, 2, 3, etc. If the jury plan of judging (three or more judges) is used, a speaker ranked first by a majority of the judges shall be awarded first place. (See Appendix II .) In case no speaker is ranked first by a majority of the judges, the con­testant the sum of whose ranks is least shall be awarded first place. The speakers receiving second and third places, respectively, shall be determined in the same manner, except that if two contestants receive a majority of seconds or better, then the sum of ranks shall be resorted to, and if the sums shall be equal then the tie shall be broken by the determination of judges' preference. The ranks of the contestants shall be computed either by the judges themselves or by a committee appointed for that purpose. (See Ap­pendix II.) 17. Breaking Ties in Declamation.-Note that the "sum of the ranks" is. not resorted to for determination of first place if any contestant has been awarded first place by a majority of the judges. Similarly (with first place already decided) the "sum of the ranks" is not resorted to to determine second place if one contestant has been given second or higher rank by a majority of the judges. However, if any two contestants receive a majority of seconds or better, then the "sum of the ranks" shall be resorted to, pro· vided, of course, that first place has already been determined, as it should always be before attempting to settle second place. In short, always go by "majority decision" if possible; if there is no majority decision, then resort to the "sum of the ranks." With first and second places out of the way, then proceed by the same process to settle third place. When two contestants are tied for any place by virtue of each receiving identical sums of the ranks and when the procedure outlined above fails to break the tie, the following plan known as "judges' preference" shall be used. Compare the ranking of the speakers as follows: Example: First speaker: 2-5-3 Second speaker: ~2-4 It will be noted that the first judge ranks first speaker above second speaker; second judge ranks second speaker above first speaker; third judge ranks first speaker above second speaker. This gives the following: Example: First speaker: 1-2-1 Second speaker: 2-1-2 and so breaks the tie in favor of the first speaker. 18. Qualifications.-Elementary-school divisions end competition with the elementary-school meet; juniors in the high-school division end their competition at the district meet. District winners in the senior division in each Conference qualify for regional meets and regional winners for the State Meet. Instructions to the Judges These are the official standards to be used in judging all declamation and poetry reading contests. Judges are to be instructed by contest directors to use only these standards. Judges will note that two-thirds of the effec· tiveness of the speaker will depend upon his ability to convince an audience that he has a real desire to say something of value. A mechanically perfect speaker evincing no real desire to communicate is never as effective as that speaker who is not so perfect in mechanics but who indicates a natural, en­thusiastic, and sincere urge to communicate an idea to an audience. It is well to remember that "public speaking is heightened conversation, which has as its fundamental elements the qualities of naturalness and sincerity." Judges must note that this is not a percentage plan. A judge shall not rank speakers by using exact percentages such as: Speaker No. 1, 92.5 per cent; No. 2, 89.9 per cent; No. 3, 87.2 per cent; etc. The percentages used in these standards are merely to indicate the relative importanc of Meehan· ics of Delivery compared to Interpretation and Effectiveness in Declaiming or Poetry Reading. DECLAMATION AND POETRY READING JUDGING STANDARDS I. Interpretation and Effectiveness. Approximate value--70%. A. Desire to communicate. (This is a very important point.) 1. Did you feel the speaker had a genuine desire to communicate ideas to an audience? 2. Did the speaker appear to have a real interest in what he said? 3. Did the speaker make you believe in his sincerity and enthusiasm as he delivered his declamation? B. Interpretation. (This is a very important point.) 1. Did the speaker give the audience the spirit, the emotional color­ing, and the attitude toward the subject intended by the author? 2. Did the speaker present the idea of the selection in a clear, intelli­gible manner which the audience could easily understand? C. Directness. (This point refers chiefly to senior declamations. It is a very important point.) 1. Did the speaker talk to, and for, the audience, rather than to the floor, windows, or ceiling? 2. Was the declamation spoken in a direct, conversational way, or did it appear to be a memorized recital mechanically presented? D. Suitability. 1. Was the selection suitable material for this student, or was it too simple, too complicated? 2. Did the speaker seem to understand the purpose the author had in writing the selection? II. Mechanics of Delivery. Approximate value--30%. A. Bodily activity. 1. Did the body assist the speaker in a natural way? 2. Did the body hinder the speaker by being stiff and unresponsive? 3. Did bodily movements attract attention to themselves because they seemed artificial? 4. Did bodily movements seem so much a part of the speaker that they were not obvious? B. Voice. 1. Was there too much or too little volume? 2. Was the pitch of the voice too high, too low, too monotonous? 3. Was the quality of the voice generally pleasing to the ear? C. Rate. I. Did the speaker talk too fast, too slowly, at a monotonous rate with little variety? 2. Was there a variety of rate which resulted in emphasis of im· portant points? 3. Was there a "sing-song" pattern, or a tiresome repetition of any pattern of speech? 4. Were the relatively unimportant words (articles, prepositions, etc.) properly subordinate to the more important words? D. Pronunciation and Articulation. I. On the whole, were the words pronounced correctly and ac· curately? 2. Was there a noticeable use of colloquial, local, vulgar, or obso­lete pronunciation? 3. Were the words used spoken distinctly without being affected or unnatural? Rules in Poetry Reading The purpose of the poetry reading contest is to provide incentive for mastering the thought of worthwhile poems and in conveying that thought effectively to an audience through reading orally. In addition, the contest is designed to provide training in the holding of a book and the effective reading from the manuscript in front of an audience, so that the best princi· pies of oral reading are emphasized. In general, the standards as set up for the declamation contests should be followed to motivate training in the poetry reading contest. 1. Divisions.-There shall be two divisions in poetry reading in the re· spective conferences, as follows: (a) Boys, ( b) Girls. 2. Representation.-Each member high school shall be entitled to enter one boy and one girl in the appropriate division in the district meet of the Conference to which the school belongs. If no more than four schools are entered in either division in the district, schools may double their representation in that division, with permission of the district committee. 3. Eligibility.-Each participant in the poetry reading contest must be eligible under Article VIII. Contestants winning first place in the district meet are eligible for participation in the regional meet. Contestants winning first place in the regional meet are eligible for participation in the State Meet. 4. Method of Conducting the. Contest.-The selections of this contest shall consist of two parts: (a) Prepared Selection, (b) Extemp Selection (to be drawn 30 minutes before participation). The prepared selection shall be from the realm of good literature and shall be recognized as poetry. The poem may be complete, a cutting, or sev­eral short poems. The student may give a short introduction. Time limit shall be four minutes. A manuscript or book containing the selection shall be held by the contestant during the performance to use as he chooses. The extemp selection shall be drawn from several selections sent to the district director by the State Office. Students will choose one extemp selection 30 minutes before time for participation (at five-minute intervals). Both selections will be given when participant appears. 5. Programs.-The order of speaking in all preliminary contests shall be determined by lot. After the contestants have drawn for places on the pro­gram, they should be placed in a room off the speaking platform or stage, or in the audience. They should appear on the platform or stage alone, deliver their readings and leave the platform or stage. It is definitely recommended that all readers do not sit on the platform for the duration of the contest, but all readers may remain in the auditorium if so desired. It is further recommended that each reader announce the title of his pre­pared selection, then read the selection; then announce the title of his ex­temp selection and read that selection; one reading following the other. He may give an introduction to one or both selections if he chooses. 6. Programs of Final Contests.-A contest among the regional winners in each eligible division shall be held at the University during the State Meet, to determine first, second, and third place winners. The order of reading at the final contest shall be determined by lot Readers will appear on the program according to the number each has drawn. 7. No Cheering.-In order to guard against "rooting," no cheering shall be permitted during a contest, and the chairman shall see that this rule is strictly enforced. All poetry reading contests shall be open to the public and an admission fee may be charged. 8. No Coaching.-No reader shall be coached or prompted in any man­ner during the delivery of the readings. 9. Timekeepers.-At each poetry reading contest there shall be a time­keeper, who shall notify the reader and the presiding officer by signal, when the reader has consumed the time-limit of four minutes for the prepared selection and three minutes for the extemp selection. It shall be the duty of the presiding officer to enforce this rule. A contestant who continues reading after the final warning signals of the timekeeper, shall be disqualified by the presiding officer. (;I'he reader shall be allowed to finish his sentence.) 10. Judging.-Either a critic judge or three, or other odd number of judges may be used. Judges shall consider best selections and then rank the readers 1, 2, 3, etc. (See Appendix II, for details on awarding winners.) The judges for the district contests shall be chosen by the District Execu­tive Committee, subject to the approval of a majority of the schools con­cerned. The regional directors of poetry reading shall select competent and unbiased judges for the regional tournaments. For the final contest at the University, the judges shall be chosen by the State Executive Committee. If three judges are used, the judges shall sit apart during a contest in order to hear the readers from different parts of the auditorium. If the judges are forming a critic panel, it is permissible for them to con­fer before the decision is announced, otherwise their ballots shall be counted in the presence of the director of the contest or other qualified persons. At no time shall the general public be allowed to help count the ballots. The director of the contest should be certain that the judge, or judges, read and understand all rules and standards before the contest begins. 11. Protests on Eligibility of Selections.-Protests on the eligieility of poems must be made, if at all, to the Director in charge of the contest before the decision of the judge is rendered. The Director shall submit the name of the selection and the number of the reader to the judges for vote without consultation on its eligibility. Decision of judges on this matter is final. 12. Ranking the Contestants.-At the close of the contest each judge shall rank the readers by numbers, 1, 2, 3, etc. If the jury plan of judging (three or more judges.) is used, a reader ranked first by a majority of the judges shall be awarded first place. (See Appendix II.) In case no reader is ranked first by a majority of the judges, the contestant the sum of whose ranks is least shall be awarded first place. The readers receiving second and third places, respectively, shall be determined in the same manner, except that if two contestants receive a majority of seconds or better, then the sum of ranks shall be resorted to, and if the sums shall be equal, then the tie shall be broken by the determination of judges' prefer. ence. The ranks of the contestants shall he computed either by the judges themselves, or by a committee appointed for that purpose. (See Appendix II.) 13. Instructions to the Judges.-See "Instructions to the Judges" and "Declamation and Poetry Reading Judging Standards" at the end of the Declamation Rules. Rules in Extemporaneous Speech This contest is perhaps the most valuable and practicable of all speaking contests for the average pupil in high school. The objectives of the contest follow: (a) To encourage friendly competition among the schools in the study, preparation, and delivery of speeches of an extemporaneous nature; (b) To train students to think, organize their thoughts; and express them clearly and convincingly to an audience. Students should learn to think quickly and to "think on their feet"; (c) To encourage a study of our country's needs to the end that each in­dividual may render the most effective service; (d) To show the value of a speech course in the regular curriculum. Schools with a class in Speech have little difficulty in getting students to en· ter this contest; (e) To develop in students good speaking voices, leadership, coordination of. bodily and mental activities as they affect the spoken word, self-confi­dence, and to realize the power of speech; (f) To teach that "there is no loser in any Speech contest." (The judge may not declare you the winner, but he cannot take away from you the benefits which automatically come to you from participation in a speaking contest.) (g) To encourage school officials to enter students in this contest for the good of the students, not primarily for the sake of wjnning a contest. It is useless, and often positively detrimental, to attempt to prepare stu· dents for this contest unless it is undertaken early in the school year and preparation made on the field of study outlined in Rule 8 below. Each con· testant should keep a notebook and scrapbook, the notebook for outlines as they are made and used and for information gathered in discussion in class and in interviews with citizens who are informed upon one topic or another. The scrapbook should be reserved for clippings from newspapers and periodicals which contain later developments of the subject. In previous years many schools delayed preparation for this contest until after Christmas and hence forced contestants into unwholesome "cramming" which in most cases did more harm than good. Teachers are earnestly warned that unless the preparation for the contest may be made gradually and in a systematic manner, it is best to forego it altogether. 1. Divisions.-In each Conference there shall he two divisions in ex· temporaneousspeech: (1) boys; (2) girls. 2. Representation.-Each high school that is a member of the League shall he entitled to enter in this contest one hoy and one girl in the district meet of the conference to which it belongs. If no more than four schools are entered in either division, schools may double their representation in that division, with approval of the district committee. 3. Eligibility.-Each pupil entered in extemporaneous speech must be eligible under Article VIII of the Constitution. Furthermore, only pupils in high school are eligible in this contest. 4. Topics.-The competition in extemporaneous speech during the cur­rent year shall be based upon current news. Sample topics shall be published from time to time in the Leaguer. Sample topics from past years may be obtained from the League Office. 5. Drawing.-The Director in charge shall clip up the circular contain­ing topics, leaving one topic on each slip. These slips shall be placed in a hat or other receptacle and each contestant shall be required to draw out five slips. He may then take as his topic any one of the five slips so drawn. After the contestant has made his selection and the Director in charge has duly recorded it, the five slips which he has chosen shall be placed back in the hat and the slips mixed before the next contestant draws; and so on. If prelim­inaries are necessary, the process shall be repeated for selection of topics for the final contest. The Director of the contest shall announce distinctly, and the judges shall understand clearly, the topic each contestant has chosen. (See Rule 12, "Announcement of Topic.") 6. Timing the Preparation Period.-It will be found convenient to pro­vide at least two rooms fer the contestants in extemporaneous speech. From room No. 1, in which the drawing occurs, the first speaker is admitted to room No. 2. Ifpossible, assign a different preparation room for each speaker in order that he may have complete privacy in preparing his speech. He prepares his speech in this room and at the end of half an hour is sent on to the auditorium to deliver his speech, the Director having in the meantime, admitted other speakers at about five-minute intervals to the preparation room, and so on until the contest is completed. Speakers may use magazines and other source material to assist in pre­paring their speeches. Typed, mimeographed or hand-written materials may not be carried to preparation room. A contest in extemporaneous speaking should be as nearly like a normal speaking situation in real life as pos­sible. It is not the purpose of this contest to test the speaker on what he has read. This is a contest to indicate how well the speaker can organize, pre­sent and deliver his thoughts to an audience, based on what he has read. However, the speaker may not use notes containing more than 100 words when he delivers his speech. (See Rule 14.) 7. Length of Speeches.-Extemporaneous speeches shall not be longer than seven minutes. A timekeeper shall be provided for each contest who shall notify the speaker by signal, when he has consumed six minutes of time. At the end of seven minutes the speaker shall again be warned by an adequate signal. Speakers who go over the time-limit shall be disqualified by the Director of the contest. 8. Sources.-A daily paper and any of the many news-magazines will be helpful as sources in keeping up with "Current News." Schools will be kept in touch with available publications and lists of topics through the Leaguer. These magazines are particularly helpful: Time, Newsweek, Vital Speeches, Our Times, Scholastic, U. S. News and World Report, United Nations World. 9. fudging.-It is specifically recommended that a good critic judge be secured to judge all extemp contests. In case one good critic cannot be se­cured, three or any larger odd number of competent judges shall be used. A good critic judge is one who, because of the general respect maintained for his judgment on the part of those concerned, is invited to rank and criticize according to the official League standard for this event, the achieve­ment of those in this contest. He must abe able and willing to evaluate orally and criticize constructively the work of all contestants he judges. The judges for the district contests shall be chosen by the District Execu­tive Committee, subject to the approval of a majority of the schools con­cerned. The regional directors of extemp shall select competent and unbiased judges for the regional contests. For the final contest at the University, the judges shall be chosen by the State Executive Committee. If three judges are used, the judges shall sit apart during a contest in order to hear the speakers from different parts of the auditorium. The Director of the contest should be certain that the judge, or judges, read and understand all rules and standards before the contest begins. 10. Ranking of Contestants.-The same method of ranking contestants shall be used (in case three or more judges judge the contest) as is provided for ranking contestants in declamation. 11. Preliminaries.-ln case there are more than nine entries in any meet in this event, there shall be held a preliminary which shall reduce the num­ber for the final contest to six or less. In case this is necessary, a new set of topics shall be prepared for the final. 12. Announcement of the Topic.-The Director in charge of the contest shall announce the title drawn by each speaker. The Director must see that the judge or judges have these topics before the speakers begin to talk. The practice of having each speaker announce his own topic before beginuin~ to speak should be discouraged. 13. Qualification.-District winners in each Conference qualify for re­gional meets and regional winners for the State Meet. 14. Inspection of Notes.-The Director in charge of the contest shall not permit the contestant notes exceeding 100 words in length for use in speak­ing. 15. No cheering.-In order to guard against "rooting," no cheering shall be permitted during a contest, and the chairman shall see that this rule is strictly enforced. All extemp contests shall be open to the public and an admission fee may be charged. Instructions to the Judges You are instructed that this is a contest in extemporaneous speaking, and you should bear this fact in mind when you arrive at your decision. Each contestant has been furnished with a list of topics half an hour before the contest began, and from this list he has chosen the topic upon which he will speak. During this half-hour he has received no assistance from any one in the planning and organizing of his speech. Each speaker is to be judged on his merits. Notes shall not exceed 100 words, and shall be inspected by the official in charge of the "preparation room." You shall base your judgment upon effective extemporaneous speaking as defined below. "Extemporaneous Speech is applied to that which is spoken without the use of a manuscript, provided it has not been learned by heart; the term does not exclude preparation, as does impromptu which applies to that which is uttered on the spur of the moment." EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEAKING JUDGING STANDARDS Before arriving at your final decision in the ranking of speakers, please consider the following basic standards of effective extemporaneous speak­ing: I. Effectiveness in Extemporaneous Speaking. Approximate value­55%. A. Desire to communicate. (This is a very important point.) 1. Did you feel the speaker had a genuine desire to communicate ideas to an audience? 2. Did the speaker appear to have a real interest in what he said? 3. Did the speaker make you believe in his sincerity and enthu­siasm as he delivered his speech? B. Directness. (This is a very important point.) 1. Did the speaker talk to, and for, the audience rather than to the floor, windows, and ceiling? 2. Was the speech given in a direct, conversational way, or did it appear to be a memorized recital mechanically presented? 3. Did the speaker pay too close attention to his notes? C. Use of Language. 1. Did the speaker use vivid, definite words, and was his vocabu· lary adequate? 2. Did the language used by the speaker make his points clear to the audience? 3. Did the speaker talk in a way which was grammatically cer· rect? II. Use of Material. Approximate value-30%. A. Organization. 1. Was there a definite introduction, and did it catch the atten· ti on of the audience? 2. Was the Main Body of the speech organized so it was easy to follow the important points of the speech? 3. Did the conclusion clinch what the speaker advocated in the Main Body of his speech? B. Choice of Material. 1. Did the speaker stick to his subject? 2. Was there evidence that the speaker had done sufficient read· ing on his topic? 3. Did the speaker have a tendency to generalize rather than dis· cuss fully a specific topic? III. Mechanics of Delivery. Approximate value-15%. For details see "Mechanics of Delivery" under Declamation. One-Act Play Contest These general objectives are to be kept in mind by directors and students that participate in One-Act Play contests. It is the purpose of this contest: (a) to encourage a friendly rivalry between schools on the basis that it is more important to do a good play well than it is to win at any cost; (b) to stimulate an activity which may be used to advantage during leisure time; (c) to encourage schools to enter the contest because of the enjoyment and values students receive rather than entering for the sole purpose of winning a trophy; (d) to foster an appreciation of good acting, good directing, good plays, and to stimulate interest in contest dramatics; (e) to show the value of and the need for teamwork and co-operation in any group effort; (£) to lose or win graciously knowing that frequently there is "victory in defeat"; learn to accept defeat as an indication that our efforts did not adequately reach standards of perfection; learn to win without believing we have reached perfection, and to accept the decision of judges without complaint or protest; (g) to encourage acceptance of the belief that dramatics has a definite reason for existing in the curricula of our schools; (h) to show that contest play production is "a lot of fun" regardless of the outcome of the contest. "There are no losers in a One-Act Play contest" because the ad­vantages which accrue from participation far outweigh the mere winning or losing of a contest. Rules of Contest 1. Representation.-Each high school that is a member of the League is entitled to enter a cast in its district meet in its appropriate Conference. If no more than two schools are represented in a district, each school may double its representation in the district play contest with the approval of the district committee. 2. Eligibility.-Each member of a One-Act Play cast shall be eligible under Article VIII of the Constitution, including musicians off stage, mem­bers of mobs, or other individuals making off-stage contributions to the play. This does not include faculty members, janitors, and such assistants who operate switchboards, shift scenery, apply make-up, run phonographs, etc. Only five individuals will be eligible to receive rebate at the State Tourna­ment. However, all cast members are eligible for free lodging. Records may be used for mob scenes, background music, etc. Eligibility refers only to actual participating students. 3. Eligible Plays.-The district committee, regardless of the judges' decision, shall declare ineligible the following plays: (In case of doubt the matter may be referred immediately to the State Office for ruling.) a. Plays requiring more than forty minutes in presentation. b. Plays that use overly elaborate settings, lights, and costumes. Sim­ple cloth cycloramas, and the simplest of exterior scenes are the basic background for all plays. The set may be considered too elaborate if it takes longer than 10 minutes to set up. In case the host school cannot provide the heavy set pieces required, the par­ticipating school may make arrangements with the host school to bring necessary furniture. c. Plays that require more than ten individuals in the cast. Double casting is permissible. d. Plays with more than 3 student assistants in addition to the regular cast. (Host institutions may appoint special stage crews to assist with all the plays in a contest.) e. Plays in which an actual gun, pistol, or any other firearm is used in any way. A wooden model painted to represent a real gun or a "cap" pistol is permitted. Discharge of a gun off stage is not per­mitted, nor is the use of any explosive to represent the discharge of a gun allowed. f. Plays that use a curtain or blackout at any time during performance to make a major shift in scenery. Shifts of one or two pieces on and off stage are permissible. Either blackout or curtain may be used to indicate lapse of time, change of scene, or for a flashback. Such interim time shall be counted in the forty-minute limit. Spots and other simple lighting devices may be used. g. Plays not having an Official Card from the State Office stating that the title of the play is duly registered in the State Office as that school's entry. This card is official indication that the State Office has approved production of the play. Plays approved must be changed, altered or revised by the Directors so as not to offend good taste or moral standards in any way. (District Directors col­lect Official Cards at District Meet and return th~m to the State Office.) A bulletin containing the titles of suggested plays for contest will be sent to each school when the school enrolls in the Play Contest. Additional copies of the list may be secured for 15c each by writing the Director of Speech and Drama Activities, University Interscholastic League, Austin, Texas. 4. Timekeeper.-The Director shall appoint an official timekeeper and in case any play requires more than forty minutes in presentation, the time­keeper shall so notify the Director of the contest, who shall disqualify the play. In no case shall the Director of the contest or the judge serve as a time­keeper. The length of the play shall be determined by the time elapsed from the opening curtain to the closing curtain, or from the time music starts or action in front of the curtain starts, which is considered a part of the production. If for any reason it is necessary to draw the curtain before the end of a production, judges are instructed to evaluate the production on the basis of the part presented. Decision of the judges is final. 5. Faculty Director.-1£ a director of a One-Act Play in any school is not a regular faculty member, the cast is not eligible to participate unless the director is formally designated for the work by recommendation of the superintendent and approved by the school board. 6. Qualification.-District winners in Conference B and Conference A qualify for area meets. Winners of area meets qualify for regional meets. Winners of Conference AA district meets qualify for regional meets. Re­gional winners of all Conferences qualify for their respective Conference contests in the State Meet. In congested districts, areas, or regions, the State Office together with the schools concerned will organize the one-act play meets. 7. Entry and Selection of Play.-Schools desiring to enter this contest must fill out an entry form and return to the State Office by December 3, 1956. Failure to participate in the district meet after signing this acceptance card shall be grounds for suspension in One-Act Play for the following year. Acknowledgment of entry is mailed immediately by the State Office. Title must be sent before district contest. 8. Area Meets.-The last date for District One-Act Play Contests for Conferences A and B will be the week-end of March 23. Last date for district winners to file entries with the Area Play Contest Directors is March 26. Dates for holding Area Meets are March 29 through April 6, inclusive. One­act play contests in district, area, and region may be held at a separate time to other spring meet contests. The State Executive Committee may merge or rearrange districts for the improvement of the contest. 9. List of Properties.-Each school entering the contest shall provide the District Director of the contest with a complete list of heavy properties as soon as possible (preferably ten days before the date of the contest). Win­ners in district and in regional contests shall provide the director of the next higher contest with a list of heavy properties immediately following the contest in which they are respectively declared to be the winners. 10. List of Suggested Plays.-A list of plays is sent to member-schools. Plays from this list are permissible for production with proper changes where required. Any director wishing to produce a play not on the list of suggested plays, may send that play to the Interscholastic League Director of Speech and Drama Activities. If such a play is officially approved, a state­ment to that effect will be sent to the director requesting the approval. (See also Rule 3, item f.) Copies of all plays on this list may be secured for examination from the Interscholastic League Drama Service. No more than ten plays will be sent to one person at a time. They may be kept fourteen days. Plays will not be sent to students. The plays lent by this library are for reading and exami­nation purposes only. No part of any play or book lent by the Drama Service may be copied. Production copies must be purchased from the publishing companies. Address request to the Director of Speech and Drama Activities, Box 8028, University Station, Austin, Texas. 11. Royalty.-No manager assumes any responsibilty for payment of royalty. A school which presents a royalty play without having paid royalty or received permission from royalty-holder shall be suspended from fur­ther participation in this competition for the remainder of the current school year. 12. Drawing.-After the closing date for entries, the Director of One­Act Play is authorized to "draw" places for appearance of the casts on the program, and shall notify all competing schools of their places immediately after the drawing. 13. No Prompting.-There shall be no prompting during a perform­ance by anyone who is off stage or out of the acting area. 14. Program Copy.-The director of the winning cast shall mail imme­diately to the Director of the One-Act Play in the next higher meet his cast of characters in program form and list of heavy properties needed. 15. Judging.-lt is recommended that a critic judge or critic panel con­sisting of any number be secured to judge all One-Act Play contests. In case one good critic judge cannot be secured, a larger number of competent judges may be used, preferably five judges. The selection of the judges for the district contests shall be made by the District Executive Committee, sub­ject to the approval of a majority of the schools concerned. The area and regional directors of one-act play shall select competent and unbiased judges for judging the area and regional contests, respectively. For the final contest at the University, the judges shall be chosen by the State Executive Commit­tee. If three, five, or more judges are used, the judges should sit apart during the contest in order to hear the play from different parts of the auditorium. The critic panel may confer after the contest and before the decision is rendered. The first place play shall advance to the next higher meet. The director of the contest should be certain that the judge, or judges, read and understand all rules and standards and agree to use only the League standards of judging, before the contest begins. The decision of the judge, or judges is final, unless some portion of Rule 3 is violated. See Rule 4, last paragraph, for ruling on judging an incomplete pro­duction. 16. Planning Meeting.-All play directors in a district are authorized to hold a planning meeting well in advance of the organizing date for district spring meets (last date, February l, 1957). The purpose of this meeting is to assist the District Executive Committee in planning the One-Act Play Meet. Directors are to make recommendations concerning judges, fees, rehearsal time, properties, dates, and other matters pertaining to the meet. These recommendations are to be given to the Dis­trict Executive Committee for action. It is also permissible to make recom­mendations regarding the other speech activities as well, in case the directors are involved in these activities. Instructions to the Judges These standards were adopted as the official standards for judging Inter­scholastic League One-Act Plays and each judge shall judge the plays ac­cordingly. This is not a point or percentage plan. The approximate per­centages indicated are merly guides, and not to be used to give plays exact percentage rankings. The standards were devised to assist the judge as he evaluates the plays. They are of value to directors as they prepare their plays for competition. Judging Standards I. Acting. Value: about 55%. A. Voice.-Could you hear the actors distinctly? Was the rate too fast or too slow? Was there a variety of rate and inflection? Was pronunciation and articulation properly done for each character? If dialect was used, was it done correctly and natu­rally? B. Characterization.-Was there a complete bodily and mental re­creation of the character by the actor? Did we "believe" the acter5s characterization all the time he was on stage? (This point, Characterization, is a very important one.) C. Movement.-Were the movements of the actor in keeping with the character? Was there a great deal of random movement? Was the pantomime accurate and convincing? Did the actor seem to have a well-controlled, poised body? D. Contrast.-Were there clearly contrasting moods in speeches? Were emotional transitions natural and effective? Did the play seem to have a sameness or seem to be monotonous to watch? E. Ensemble.-Did you feel a smoothness of action which indicates teamwork among the actors? Was it a closely knit, rhythmically correct show? F. Timing.-Did the actors pick up cues rapidly? Did the move­ments of the actors slow down the tempo of the show? Were there "dead spots" in the production because of the lack of a sense of pace on the part of the actors? (This point, Timing, is a very important one. The timing of the individual actor com­bined with the general pace of the show as determined by the director is a phase of production which is frequently done poorly by amateurs.) G. Motivation.-Was there a clearly discernible reason for all busi­ness and movement by the actor? There must he a definite rea­son for each movement made on the stage. (This point, Motiva­tion, is a very important one.) II. Directing and Stage Mechanics. Value: about 35%. A. Set.-Was the stage dressed to make an effective picture? Was the furniture used in a way which assisted, and did not hinder the action? (Since only the simplest sets using cloth eyes, the simplest lighting and the simplest of exterior settings are permitted, the judge must disregard any other feature except these two points.) Plays using any but simple sets are disqualified. (See Rule 3, Section b.) B. Lighting.-Effective use of available equipment, if within the control of the director. Did the lighting effects blend har­moniously and unobtrusively into the action of the play? Were there effects which were so obvious that they called attention to themselves and took your attention away from the action of the play? (The use of elaborate lighting effects must be disregarded by the judge.) C. Business.-Were exits and entrances properly timed? Did the actors frequently cover or block each other? Were the actors properly grouped to give necessary emphasis to the right char­acters at the right time? Was the business adequate to bring out the idea of the play? (This point, Business, is a very important one.) D. Make-up.-Was the make-up in keeping with the character? Was it realistic and natural? E. Costume.-Were the costumes correct as to color combinations, period and character? (The use of elaborate costumes should be absolutely disregarded by the judge as he makes his final de­cision.) F. Tempo.-Did the play as a whole drag? Was it too fast to follow intelligently? Was the pace of the play in keeping with the general idea of the play? Was the tempo fast enough for farce? Did it tend to become slower for tragedy? Were the sub-climaxes and the climax well built up? (This point, Tempo, is a very important one.) III. The Play. Value: about 10%. Was it a suitable play for the members of this particular cast? Did the play challenge the abilities of the actors? Did it have a definite effect on the audience? (This point is not to be considered unless it is a neutral audience.) Was the main idea or the theme of the play brought out clearly? (The judge should realize that he may expect high-school students frequently to do some ex­cellent work. He must know that high-school actors have possi­bilities as well as limitations.) The judge is instructed to pay little attention to the type of play selected. This is a contest in acting and directing, not play selec­tion. The cast is not to be penalized in the final ranking because the play may not have, in the opinion of the judge, sufficient literary merit. Story-Telling Contest 1. Divisions.-There is only one division in this contest and it is open to children in the second and third grades in Elementary School Meets. 2. Representation.-Any member-school having an eligible contestant is entitled to enter one contestant in the Elementary School Meet. 3. Eligibility.-ln addition to being eligible under Article VIII of the Constitution, only pupils in the second or third grades are eligible in this contest. 4. Director.-The Elementary School Director General is authorized to appoint a Director of Story-telling. It is the responsibility of the Director General to request materials for holding the contest from the State Office. 5. The Story-teller.-The Director of Story-telling may serve as story­teller, or appoint a duly qualified person to act in this capacity. 6. Stories.-Stories to be told the contestants for reproduction before an audience will be furnished by the State Office of the League. The stories will be sent in a sealed envelope to the Director General, who shall transmit them to the person who is to act as story-teller on the day of the contest. Several stories will be sent, from which the story-teller may select one. For practice, teachers should use stories from any good children's books. Stories should he approximately three minutes in length. 7. Conducting the Contest.-The pupils who are entered in the contest shall he assembled in a room near the auditorium in which the contest is to he held half an hour before the contest is scheduled to begin. The story-teller shall then tell or read the story to the contestants, after having them draw for places on the program. Contestant No. 1 shall then he admitted to the stage of the auditorium and shall tell the story in his own way. When Con· testant No. 1 has finished, Contestant No. 2 shall he admitted to the stage to tell the story, and so on until all the contestants have delivered their stories. The Director of the contest shall disqualify any contestant who delivers a story other than the one presented by the story-teller. The story· teller shall tell the story to tl].e contestants only once. 8. fudges and !udging.-A qualified critic judge may he used or three or other odd number of judges may he chosen on the basis of competence and impartiality by the director of the contest. The judges shall he instructed to rank all the contestants on the following: a. Spontaneity, b. Originality, c. Naturalness of the delivery. The ranks given by the judges shall he com· puted by the Director on the same basis as that prescribed in the declamation rules of this bulletin. First, second, and third place winners shall he an· nounced. The judges shall not be permitted to hear the story as it is told to the contestants. 9. No Prompting.-No contestant shall receive prompting of any kind. He is supposed to make up the plot in his own way if he forgets it. Rules for Picture Memory Contest 1. Divisions.-There is only one division in this contest and it is open to children in the fourth and fifth grades. 2. Representation.-Each member-school in the League having two or more pupils in the fourth and fifth grades is permitted to enter a team in picture memory. To the picture memory team of two shall he added one member for each twenty pupils (or fraction thereof) in excess of ten enrolled in the eligible grades on the basis of total enrollment up to the opening of the spring semes­ter. Thus, if the total enrollment in the eligible grades is ten or less than ten, the team is composed of two pupils; eleven through thirty pupils, in­clusive, the team is composed of three pupils; thirty-one through fifty pupils, the team is composed of four pupils, etc. (Pupils passing from an ineligible grade, third, or to an ineligible grade, sixth grade, at mid-term should not he counted in the total enrollment in the fourth and fifth grades.) 3. Eligibility.-Only pupils in the fourth and fifth grades who are eligi­ble under Article VIII of the Constitution and Rules may he entered in this contest. 4. Conducting the Contest.-The Director of Picture Memory shall pro­vide contestants with sheets of paper divided into three columns, the columns titled Picture, Artist, Nationality. Horizontal lines shall he numbered one through thirty-three (or, if seventeen pictures are used, one through seven­teen). Typing paper or notebook paper may be used. Each contestant shall draw a number from the Director of the Picture Memory Contest and write that number in the upper right-hand corner of each sheet of his test paper. The Director shall keep an accurate list of the names of the contestants and the number each has drawn. This list shall he used for identification of the test sheets after the contest. The Director shall appoint two monitors to supervise the contest, and they shall stay in the room while the contest is being held and report to the Di­rector any attempt on the part of any pupil to copy from any other or from any source during the contest. The Director shall disqualify any pupil who attempts to copy from any source. The Director, or person designated by him, shall exhibit to the contestants either thirty-three pictures from the prescribed list, or seventeen, chosen at random and shall keep an accurate list of the pictures, the artists, and the nationality in the order in which they are exhibited. The Director is respon­sible for securing the pictures which are to be exhibited. Contestants shall be instructed to write down the name of the picture in the first column, name of the artist in the second column, and the nationality of the artists in the third column. Only the last name of the artist need be used. Either pen or pencil is permissible. Contestants should use only one side of the paper. After the test has been given, the test sheets shall be collected by the Di· rector and the list of the pictures in the order in which they have been ex­hibited attached thereto, and test sheets and list turned over to a committee of graders who shall grade the sheets. The Director shall then identify each test sheet by contestant's name and school. A list of the 100 per cent contestants shall then be made which shall be publicly announced during the Elementary School Meet. The team grades shall be computed (see next paragraph), and a first, second and third place winner declared. The team grade shall be determined by adding together the scores made by all members of a given team and dividing the sum by the number of in­dividuals composing the team. 5. Grading the Test-Sheets.-A perfect paper is graded 100. From 100 deduct one point for each error made, if 33 pictures are used. Deduct two points for each error if 17 pictures are used. In grading, the title shall appear exactly as it is written on the picture itself, and the spelling of the artist, the picture, and the nationality shall be as it appears on the picture itself. Before the contest, Directors should decide whether leaving off "the" at the beginning of titles is to be regarded as an error or not. Misspelling shall be counted as errors. Neatness shall be considered in breaking ties. 6. Jzulges.-No teacher who has a contestant in the contest shall be per­mitted to serve either as a monitor or as a member of the grading committee. 7. Available Aids.-The Interscholastic League has issued a mimeo­graphed bulletin which treats appreciatively each of the pictures in the list. It is titled "Picture Memory Bulletin" and sells for 25c per copy. Each pupil entering the contest should have a copy of this bulletin. 8. Selected Pictures.-The selections to be used as a basis for the contest in the current year are listed in the bulletin de!i-eribed in Paragraph 7 above. Schools planning to participate in this contest should purchase copies of the listed pictures from a reputable art printing company or dealer (some of the companies are listed below). It is suggested that small prints of the selections be made available to each student (publishers have these at a few cents per copy) . 9. Publishers.-The following publishers, listed in alphabetical order, supply prints included in this year's selection. Further details on prints, etc., are found in the bulletin described in Paragraph 7 above. List of publishers: Artext Prints, Inc., Westport, Conn. Perry Picture Company, Malden, Mass. Texas Book Store, 2207 San Antonio St., Austin, Texas. Note: The Texas Bookstore has packets of the forty pictures made up for immediate shipment. Write them for details on prices, etc. Journalism Contest I. Participation.-The Journalism Contest is one portion of the com· petitive, critical and instructive services and activities sponsored jointly by the Interscholastic League and the School of Journalism, University of Texas, for the improvement of school papers in Texas. The agency co-or­dinating these activities is the Interscholastic League Press Conference, with headquarters in the League Office. Participation in the entire program for school paper improvement, including the contest, requires membership in the Press Conference, as explained in Section 2 below. Participation in the contest alone requires certification of contestants as explained in Section 3. 2. Membership.-Any high or junior high school paper in the State may join the Press Conference if the school is a member of the League (see Article Ill, Section 2, Constitution). All members of the I.L.P.C. which meet other eligibility requirements are automatically entitled to enter con­testants in the Journalism Contest. As members of the Press Conference, they will be supplied with complete information for certification of contestants, sample contests and other aids prior to the regional contests. Deadline for enrollment in the Press Conference for critical and advisory services, jour· nalism bulletins and contest eligibility is January 15. Request for enroll­ment must be made to the Director of Journalism, Interscholastic League, Box 8028, University Station 12, Austin. 3. Certification.-Should a school fail to join the Press Conference by January 15, there is an alternate method for becoming eligible for the Jour· nalism Contest. The superintendent or principal of the school must send to the Director of Journalism, Interscholastic League, a certification naming the two students to represent his school's paper and certifying their eligibility under these rules. This certificate must be mailed at least one month prior to the date of the regional contest. Deadline for postmarking these entries this year is March 20. 4. Direction.-The Journalism Contest and the I.L.P.C. are under super­vision of the Director of Journalism, Interscholastic League, and an Execu­tive Committee consisting of the Director and two members of the Journal· ism faculty of The University of Texas. All communications regarding either the Contest or the Press Conference should be addressed to the Di­rector of Journalism, Interscholastic League. 5. Submission of School Papers.-Members of the I.L.P.C. are required to mail each issue of their school papers, preferably at time of publication, to the Director of Journalism, Interscholastic League, Box 8028, University Station, Austin. Failure to submit issues will mean that no criticism can be given the paper, and that no rating can be given the paper as described in Section 15. 6. Fee.-(a) At the time of enrollment in the Interscholastic League Press Conference a fee of $2 will be requested of each school to defray in part of the expense of mimeographed pamphlets on high-school newspaper production, convention program, ratings, and other special services. (b) For ILPC members desiring an individual written criticism of their paper, payment of an additional optional fee of $3 will be required to de­fray the actual cost. This fee may be paid at the time the paper enrolls in ILPC, or at any other time before January 15. This criticism will be in ad· dition to the annual newspaper ratings. (c) Any school belonging to the League may, however, enter contestants in the Spring Meet Journalism Contest without its paper joining the ILPC and without payment of any fee other than its League membership fee. This method of entry is set forth in Section 3 above. 7. Divisions and Classes.-Journalism competition shall begin at the regional level. There will be no journalism contests on the district level. Schools participating in the Regional Journalism Contest of the Interscho· lastic League Press Conference shall be divided into three classes as fol. lows: Class AA, Class A, Class B. Competition classes shall be as listed in the Spring Meet Bulletin. At the State Meet all classes shall participate together, taking the same contests but being judged in three classes. 8. Representation.-Each League member-school which qualifies for journalism representation as specified under Section 9 below and under either Section 2 or Section 3 above, shall be entitled to enter two contestants in the contest for its Conference at the regional meet. 9. Eligibility.-Each student entering the Journalism Contest must ful· fill the eligibility requirements set forth in Article VIII of the Constitution. Certification is made as follows: (a) ILPC members, on forms furnished them by ILPC, to the regional journalism director by Monday before the Regional Meet, in compliance with Section 21, Spring Meet Plan. (b) Non-ILPC members, by letter from the principal or superintendent to the League Journalism Director, Box 8028, University Station, in com­pliance with Section 3 above. This must be postmarked by March 20. From the ILPC membership list and certifications by non-ILPC schools, an eligibility list shall be prepared by the League Journalism Committee and sent to the Regional Journalism Director prior to the Regional Meet. 10. Regional Meet.-The Journalism Contest shall be a part of the League Regional Meet, governed by the same regulations that apply to other regional contests. It shall consist of five events: 1. Newswriting; 2. Copy­reading; 3. Headline Writing; 4. Feature Story Writing; and 5. Editorial Writing. Each contestant must engage in each of the five contests. Points shall be 11. Supervision and fud~ing of Regional Journalism Contest.-The Director General of each region shall appoint a Director of Journalism to conduct and supervise the Journalism contest. Materials for this contest awarded on the following basis: First Second Third Fourth Fifth Newswriting ---------------­--------­ 100 85 70 55 40 Copyreading ---­---------------­----­- 75 63 51 39 27 Headline Writing -------------­---­ 60 50 40 30 20 Feature Writing-­-----­-------------­ 75 63 51 39 27 Editorial Writing -----------------­ 100 85 70 55 40 will be sent by the League Journalism Committee to the Director prior to the regional meet. Judges for each event in the contest shall be nominated by the Regional Director of Journalism, subject to the approval of the League Journalism Committee. 12. Qualification.-The two students scoring highest and second highest in total points in the respective conferences at the Regional Meet shall qualify to enter the State Journalism Contest to be held at Austin. (See Sec. 23, Spring Meet Plan.) Team scores will be tabulated, and the schools whose pairs of contestants make the highest combined totals will be an· nounced as first, second and third place winners in the region in their class. A team victory in any one of the three classes shall not be construed as en· titling the winning team to enter the State Contest; only the two individuals scoring highest and second highest shall be entitled to enter. 13. State M eet.-The State Contest in Journalism shall consist of five events. The nature of the events and the system of scoring is the same as that described in Section 10 above. Supervision of these events will be under the League Journalism Committee. In each conference, the contestant scoring the highest number of points shall be given first place and a gold medal; the contestant scoring the second highest number of points shall be given second place and a silver medal; and the contestant making the third highest score shall be given third place and awarded a bronze medal. The school with the highest total score in each conference, whether earned by one or two contestants, shall be awarded a permanent trophy. 14. Convention.-To accompany the Journalism Contest in the State Meet, a convention program shall be arranged, to include talks and dis· cussions concerning the high-school newspaper, and other features designed to improve the quality of such publications. Participation in this convention program is open to representatives of any school paper in the State, whether a winner in the regional meet or not. Non-contestant delegates shall be responsible for their own transportation to Austin, lodging, and other expenses. Each year at the convention, student officers shall be elected for the following year. 15. Ratings.-ln the spring, all members of ILPC will be rated on the school year's issues of their newspaper on file in the League office. Papers will first be divided by method of publication, then by enrollment (average membership for the last four grades in high school) and then by frequency of publication if possible. Junior high school papers will be rated separately. Rating groups for 1956-57 will he: Junior high: (a) Printed, all enrollments, all frequencies; ( b) Mimeo­graphed, all enrollments, all frequencies. High School: (a) Page in local paper, all enrollments, all frequencies. (b) Mimeographed and duplicated, all frequencies: Enrollment 0-99; enrollment 100--199; enrollment 200--399; enrollment 400--up. (c) Printed (includes letterpress and offset, both by school print shop and commercial), all frequencies: Enrollment 0--225; enrollment 226-399; enrollment 400-799; enrollment 800-1,499; enrollment 1,500-up. Certificates of rating will be issued in four degrees, within each sub­ division: Award of Distinguished Merit to the outstanding papers in each class. Award of Achievement to papers which fall just short of the first degree of excellence. Award of Honor to papers of high caliber which have shown continued excellence throughout the year. Award of Merit to papers which have made contributions to the scho@I for which they were published by maintaing a notable level of journalistic quality. Ready Writer's Contest 1. Representation.-ln the District Meets, each high school shall be per­mitted to enter two contestants in its appropriate Conference. In Elementary School Meets, each school shall be permitted to enter two contestants. 2. Eligibility.-Each pupil entered in this contest must be eligible under Article VIII of this Constitution. 3. The Composition. a. Its Nature.-The composition is to be exposi­tory in nature. Descriptive or narrative passages may be used, of course, to illustrate or reinforce an idea or point that is being explained, but they must be clearly subservient or incidental to the purpose of exposition. b. Its Length.-The composition must not be over 1,000 words in length. 4. Method of Conducting the Contest.-Themes, to be eligible for sub­mission, in this contest shall be written under the following conditions: a. Contestants in all divisions shall be assembled and distributed sparsely over the room. b. Uniform stationery shall be provided by the respective contestants, 81/z x 11 inches (letter size) , and the compositions must be written on one side in ink. c. The contestants shall be numbered consecutively, beginning with "l," the final number representing the total number of contestants engaging in the contest. Each contestant shall enter the number assigned him in the upper right-hand corner of the first sheet of his manuscript and enclose it in parentheses. He shall then write on a slip of paper his number, county, school, his own name and his postoffice address, and enclose this slip in an envelope, which shall be sealed and attached to his manuscript when it is turned in to the Director. d. Topics for all divisions shall be furnished by the State Office to the Director General, who shall transmit them in a sealed envelope to the di· rector on the day of the contest. Three topics shall be furnished, all within the range of the average pupil's study, observation, and experience. The director, or person designated by him, shall copy all three topics on the blackboard, and each contestant may select from this list the topic upon which he wishes to write. e. Each contestant shall write the subject he has chosen in full about two inches beneath the top of the first sheet and begin the body of his com­position about an inch beneath the title. An inch margin should be left on the left of the page. The pages should be numbered in the upper left-hand corner, without parentheses, to distinguish the page number from the num­ber assigned the contestant. f. The director shall be responsible for preventing any communication between contestants, or any reference on the part of contestants to notes or books or printed matter of any character. He shall be the timekeeper for the contest, and when two hours shall have elapsed from the time he writes the subjects on the board, he shall collect all manuscripts; he shall give fifteen minutes warning of the time limit, even though the contest is held in a room where a clock is clearly visible to the contestants. 5. Judging the Contest. a. The Judges.-Three properly qualified and impartial judges (exclusive of teachers whose schools are represented in the contest in the class to be judged) shall be selected by the Director. b. Briefing the Judges.-At some convenient time before the contest be­gins, the director shall discuss thoroughly with the judges the criteria for evaluating the compositions, making sure that they all have the same con­ception of those criteria and understand the relative importance to be ac· corded each. c. Instructions to Judges.-Each judge shall be given a copy of the fol­lowing instructions : (I) The Criteria for Evaluation.-The compositions are to be graded as to relative excellence in interest, organization, and correctness of style. While the judges are to take into consideration all three of these elements in selecting the most effective compositions, they shall stress the element of interest more than either of the other two, and the element of organiza· tion more than correctness of style. (a) Interest depends primarily upon substance, upon having something to say that is worth saying because of its acuteness of analysis or its origi­nality of thought. It depends next upon clarity, for no reader can be in­terested unless he understands exactly the writer's ideas or points. It de­pends finally upon treatment that is fresh, individualized, an outgrowth of the writer's character and experience. (b) Organization has clarity as its main goal. The plan of the whole composition should be such that each part contributes to an understanding of the writer's main idea or thesis, no part being misleading or unrelated to that thesis. The organization of each paragraph should be directed to the logical and full development of one idea. (c) Correctness of style is of two types. The first, and the one to be most stressed by the judges, is that based upon an attempt to achieve clarity of communication. Sentence structure, punctuation, grammar, and word usage which hinder clear communication are thus to be considered incorrect. A less important kind of correctness is that which is based upon mere convention. Sentence structure, punctuation, grammar, word usage, anrl spelling "er­rors" which do not hinder clear communication but which fail ti' ronform to so-called "standards" constitute this type of "incorrectness." (2) Rating the Compositions.-Each judge shall read all of the essays submitted in the class to he judged, and, without marking on the manuscripts, shall make notes upon the excellencies and deficiencies of each paper. He shall then rank them in order of their excellence: l, 2, 3, 4, etc. The three judges shall then discuss the essays which each has ranked first, second and third, any judge being permitted to alter his ranking as a result of the dis­cussion. Each judge shall then give his final ranking of all papers to the director, who will determine first, second, and third places from the vote of the judges in the manner prescribed for ranking declamation contests. (3) Preparing the Criticism.-Before the results are announced, the judges shall prepare for the director a composite criticism of each essay, stating its good and had points. These criticisms need not he long, and they should he specific rather than general. 6. Announcing the Results.-Before the assembled contestants and other interested parties, the director shall announce, at a time and place specified by him, the names and schools of the winners. 7. Holding the Criticism.-It is suggested that immediately following the announcement of results the director and/ or the judges hold a critique on the contest. It may be profitable to read aloud the essay awarded first place, and then present for discussion the criticism of the judges. Second and third place winners will be eager to know what, in the opinion of the judges, prevented their papers from being considered as good as the one ranked first. The feelings of other contestants can he saved if relative rankings below third place are not revealed, and if the judges' criticisms are given with reference only to the number of the essays rather than the names of the contestants. Even those who were ranked low by the judges will appreciate hearing criticism of their papers if the person presenting the critique can arrange to talk privately with them. 8. Qualification.-District winners in each conference qualify for re­gional meets and regional winners for the State Meet in accordance with the schedule provided in Rule 23 of the Spring Meet Plan. 9. Essays submitted in League contests become the property of the League and may be printed and circulated or otherwise used by the League in promotion of the contests. The name of the author of the essay will not be disclosed if the author wishes his or her name withheld. Spelling and Plain W riling Contest 1. Divisions.-Divisions shall he made on a grade basis in 12-grade systems, as follows: {a) Grades V and VI; (h) Grades VII and VIII; {c) Grades IX and above. 2. Representation.-Each member-school is entitled to enter a team of two in each division for which it has eligible grades.* Thus an elementary school having the usual eight grades may enter two teams, one in the divi­sion for Grades V and VI and one in the division for Grades VII and VIII. A high school may enter only one team; i.e., in the division entitled "IX and Above." A team may he composed of two boys, two girls, or a girl and a hoy. 3. Eligibility.-Each pupil entered in the spelling contest must be eligible under the rules set forth in Article VIII of this Constitution. 4. Word Sources.-The sources from which words shall be taken for this contest in the respective divisions follow: Grades V and VI: League Spelling List, Grade V and VI, and state adopted texts in Grades III and IV, taking an equal number of words from each text for the contest list. Grades VII and VIII: League Spelling List, Grades VII and VIII, and state adopted texts for Grades V and VI, using only words from the state adopted texts in these grades and taking an equal number of words from each text for the contest list. *In case a school has only one pupil in the eligible grades of a given division, the team may be completed by a pupil selected from the next lower grade. High School: League Spelling List for High School, and state adopted texts for Grades VII and VIII,t using only the words from the state adopted texts in these grades and taking an equal number of words from each text for the contest list. Bulletin No. 5618 contains all three of the League spelling lists-see Ap­pendix III. 5. Test-lists.-The State Office of the League shall furnish three lists to the Director General of each meet, the words therein given to be written from dictation by contestants in spelling, as follows: a. Grades V and VI list shall be made up from sources prescribed above for this division, ninety words to be pronounced at the rate of five words per minute. b. Grades VII and VIII list shall be made up from sources prescribed above for this division, one hundred and twenty words, to be pronounced at the rate of six words per minute. c. Grades IX-XII list shall be made up from sources above prescribed for this division, one hundred and twenty words, pronounced at the rate of six words per minute. These three lists shall be t>nclosed in a sealed envelope and delivered to the Director of Spelling by the Director General on the day set for the spelling contest. The seal of this envelope shall be broken in the presence of the contestants after they are assembled and ready to begin. 7. Equipment.-The contestant shall come to his appropriate division provided with ordinary theme-tablet paper ( 8Yz x 11), and with either lead pencil or pen and ink. 8. Homonyms.-The pronouncer should be careful to distinguish be­tween words which sound alike but have different meanings. Thus, if he pronounces the word "bass," he should be careful to say "bass drum," or "bass voice," to distinguish it from "base," meaning "low or mean." 9. Monitors.-The monitors of the contest may, at the OJ:'ltion of the Director, be appointed to see that the contest is conducted fairly. Contestants should be separated from each other as far as space in the room permits, and any attempt on the part of a contestant to copy from another should be noted by the monitors or pronouncer, who shall report to the Director, who may disqualify the contestant. 10. ldentification.-ldentification of spelling papers shall be by number. The Spelling Director shall keep a list of all contestants, address, school, class, and division in which each is competing, and shall number the en­ t It will be noted that assignments to State Adopted Text are in the nature of a review. 72. The University of Texas Publication tries consecutively, assigning each contestant his appropriate number, which he shall be instructed to place on his paper, in the upper right-hand comer. 11. Graders.-The papers shall be gathered up immediately after the close of the contest by the pronouncer and be delivered to the Director of Spelling, or person acting for him. He shall appoint competent judges to grade the spelling papers, none of whom shall be connected with any of the schools entered in the contest. 12. Team Grade.-The team grade is determined by deducting from 100 one point for each error made by each member of the team. 13. Winning Team.-The team making the highest grade is given first place; the team making next highest grade is given second place; and the team making next highest grade is given third place; and points are awarded according to schedule in Rule 14 of the Spring Meet Plan. It is the duty of the Director of Spelling to mail all papers graded 100% in the district meet to the State Office for re-grading and award. Only the 100% papers should be sent, and they must be sent within ten days after the district contest is concluded in order to be eligible for award, which consists of the League Certificate of Excellence in Spelling and Plain Writ­ing. In submitting these papers to the State Office, it is necessary for the Di­rector of Spelling to identify each paper by writing thereon the name and address of the contestant, the name of the school represented and the class and division in which the pupil competed. The Director of Spelling shall include his own name and address with papers sent to the State Office. Itis suggested that each child who has achieved 100% be instructed to write his complete name and home (mailing) address upon his paper. The State Office must have these in order to send each con­testant the Certificate which he has earned. 14. The Spelling List.-The publication referred to in these rules as ''The Spelling List" is The University of Texas Bulletin No. 5618 and is entitled "Word List for the Interscholastic League Spelling Contest." The price is 5 cents per copy, 50 cents per dozen, and $3.00 per hundred, post­paid. Instruction to Graders 1. The correct spelling of a word consists in writing legibly the letters which compose it in their proper order. 2. The first authority is the spelling list, which follows in nearly every case the first spelling given in the latest edition of Webster's International Dictionary. 3. In case any word is mispelled in any edition of the spelling list, that word is not to be considered in grading the spelling papers. 4. The following faults* in handwriting shall be considered errors: a. An undotted "i" or "j" or an uncrossed "t." (A "Parker" "r" is admissible if it passes legibility test; also "final t.") b. A looped "i" or an unlooped "e" or "l." c. An "n" or "m" not curved at the top. d. A small letter beginning a word which rises as high as the two or three·spaced letters in the word or which rises as much as one space above the other one-spaced letters in the word shall be con­sidered a capital. e. An "o" not closed, or looped at the top. f. Furthermore, any malformed lettert or illegible letter, if consid­ered out of its context, is considered a miss. A freakish affectation in writing, such as putting a circle instead of a dot over an "i" is considered a miss. [Note.-To determine whether or not a given letter is illegible, place a blank piece of paper on either side of it, thus separating it from its context, and then see whether or not the character may be identified.] 5. The misuse of an apostrophe or hyphen is considered a miss, and a mistake in capitalization is also considered a miss. 6. Words are to be pronounced in regular order in the lists furnished, and any word omitted is a miss. In cases where all papers omit the same word, it is considered evidence that the pronouncer failed to give this word, so it is not considered a miss. Number Sense Contest I. Divisions and Representation.-There shall be two divisions in this contest, one for grade schools and one for high schools. In Elementary School Meets, each school shall be permitted to enter two contestants. In district meets, each high school shall be permitted to enter two con­testants in its appropriate Conference. 2. Eligibility.-Each pupil entered in the Number Sense Contest must be eligible under the rules set forth in Article VIII of this Constitution. • This list of faults has been compiled from a study of thousands of papers submitted in the State contests in spelling, and insistence by teachers on students correcting these faults will do much, it is hoped, to improve the legibility of their pupils' writing. For illustration of these faults, see a special circular entitled "Writing Errors," copy of which is sent free on request. t For illustration of malformed letters which are considered errors, see "Writing Errors," a circular sent free on request. 3. Contest Problems.-The contest problems shall be furnished from the State Office to the Director General in a sealed envelope which shall not be opened until the contestants are assembled and ready to begin. The prob­lems shall be of the same general nature as those contained in the League Bulletin entitled "Developing Number Sense." 4. Conducting the Contest.-During the contest, only the Director of Number Sense, and a committee of three graders appointed by the Director General to grade the papers, shall be permitted to remain in the room. The Director in charge shall number the folded sheet, and keep memoranda of the name, address, and school of each contestant to correspond to the num­bers respectively assigned, so that the papers at the close of the test may be readily identified. The contestants shall be instructed not to unfold the test sheets until the signal is given for the contest to begin. After exactly ten minutes another signal shall be given, and each contestant shall then be re· quired to rise and fold his test sheet and be ready to deliver it to the person designated to collect the sheets. Each contestant shall be instructed to write his answer down immediately following the problem without attempting to solve the problem on paper, in accordance with instructions on the test sheet. This is a test in mental arithmetic, and only the results of calculations ar· rived at without the use of pencil and paper should be accepted. The director of the contest may disqualify a contestant for violating these instructions. 5. Determining the Winner.-At the close of the ten-minute period, all of the papers shall be collected and immediately placed in the hands of the graders, who shall carefully grade the papers, by the key, awarding each contestant five points for each problem solved correctly. The sum of the points thus awarded shall be considered the gross grade of the contestant. From the gross grade five points shall be deducted for each problem not solved correctly or skipped. Those problems occurring after the last prob· lem solved correctly or attempted are not considered skipped and hence no deduction for them is made. Only the answers to the problems should be written on the paper. No other writing is permitted. An answer once written must be allowed to stand. Do not cross out an answer. Erasures are not permitted. First place goes to the contestant making the highest net grade, second place to the contestant making the next highest net grade, third place to the next highest and so on. In case of a tie, a tie-breaker test shall be given as soon as possible. An illegible figure shall be considered an error, and the same test for determining legibility shall be applied as is prescribed in the Spelling Rules. (See "Note" to Instruction No. 4-F, page 73.) All fractions in test papers must be reduced to lowest terms. All improper fractions must be expressed as whole numbers plus proper fractions; for example, an answer of 40/ 6 must be written in the form of 6-2/ 3, and 64/ 20 must be written in the form 3.2 or 3-1/ 5. All teachers having entrants in the contests shall be permitted to examine papers before the final scores are announced. 6. Assistance.-The bulletin entitled "Developing Number Sense" may be ordered from the League Office. The bulletin contains a thousand or more number sense problems, which may be used in classroom drills. For price of the bulletin, see Official List of League Publications, Appendix IV. The League also furnishes practice test sheets, but no order will be filled for fewer than 10 sheets of a given test. Starred problems on test sheets require only approximate answers, i.e., they permit 5% error; unstarred problems require exact answers. 7. Gro.ders.-A committee of competent and unbiased graders shall be appointed by the Director General to grade the papers produced in the con­test and report the grades to the Director of the contest. 8. Qualification.-District winners in each Conference qualify for re­gional meets and regional winners for the State Meet in accordance with schedule provided in Rule 23 of the State Meet Plan. In district meet, in the event there is a tie for first, second or third highest score, the following rules will apply: a. The rule.s for computing points in the event of a tie shall apply. b. All contestants whose score equals the highest score achieved shall be certified for participation in the regional meet; if the total number of such contestants is smaller than three, then all contestants whose score equals the second highest score achieved shall be certified for par­ticipation in the regional meet; if fewer than three contestants have been thus certified, then all contestants whose score equals the third highest score achieved shall be certified to participate in the regional meet. Competition for the Elementary School Division closes with the Elemen­tary School Meet. Slide Rule Contest 1. Representation.-Each member high school in the University Inter­scholastic League is permitted to enter three contestants in the district meet slide rule contest in the particular conference to which the school belongs. 2. Eligibility.-In addition to satisfying the eligibility requirements for literary contestants as set forth in Article VIII of the Constitution and Rules, only pupils in the eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh grades in the eleven­grade school systems and only pupils in the ninth, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth grades in the twelve-grade school systems shall be permitted to enter this contest. 3. Contest Problems.-a. All regular contest and tie-breaking contest problems and corresponding answer-keys shall be provided by the State Office to the Director General in a sealed envelope which shall not be opened until after the contestants are assembled and are ready to begin the contest. b. The contests shall include all manner of problems involving only the following slide rule operations: multiplication, division, squares, cubes, square roots, cube roots, and placement of decimals. c. The regular contest shall consist of approximately seventy-five prob­lems of such difficulty that no individual is expected to complete them in the thirty minutes time allotted for the contest. On a given contest, the problems will be arranged such that there will be 15 problems that are simple, fol· lowed by 60 problems of any difficulty. As a contestant progresses to the regional and State meets, he may expect to encounter an increase in the degree of difficulty of problem. d. The tie-breaking contests shall consist of fifteen problems similar to those found in the regular contests. The time allotted for these tie-breaking contests is ten minutes. These tie-breaking contest problems automatically accompany the regular contest problem envelopes, exception, see Sq. 4. Slide Rules Permitted.-Any type of standard slide rule without special accessories is permitted in the contest, whether it is straight or circu­lar, wooden, plastic, or metallic. If the contestant desires, he may use more than one slide rule during the contest provided that each slide rule used is of standard make with no special accessories, such as additional indicators or special scales or markings. The use of any non-standard slide rule or non­standard equipment is prohibited. In the selection of a slide rule, let it be borne in mind that a quality instrument together with proficiency in its op­eration usually results in a winning combination, all other things being equal. 5. Conducting the Contest and Determining the Winners.-All slide rule contests shall be conducted under the following regulations: a. Contest graders in addition to the contest directors, shall be secured from competent and unbiased citizens. These should be chosen in advance of the meet to enable the graders to familiarize themselves with the contest rules and method of grading. In advance of the contest, "Instructions for Graders for the Slide Rule Contest" should be abtained from the University Interscholastic League, Bureau of Public School Service, The University of Texas, Austin 12, Texas. The sample test and its sample grading are in­cluded in these instructions which all graders should study and understand before the contest, in addition to reading the slide rule contest rules appear­ing in this Constitution and Rules. A copy of these instructions will accom­pany each set of slide rule contest papers to enable the graders to re-read the rules during the contest and have for ready reference during the grading of the contest papers. b. Since the performance of a slide rule contestant depends largely upon his comfort during the contest, care should be taken in the selection a a con­test room and its equipment. The contest room shall be adequate in size for the comfort of all contestants and shall he selected with quietness of location and excellence of lighting as prime factors. During the actual conduct of the slide rule contest, no other contest or other activity shall be permitted to t,ake place in the contest room. Tables or desks with accompanying armless chairs (not stools) are to be used, if at all available, for the contestants; these should not he of grade school size but should comfortably accommo­date high school contestants. Since a very small minority of the contestants prefer classroom armchairs to desks or tables, a few classroom armchairs should be provided in addition to the desks or tables. c. Subject to its availability, at a position easily seen by all contestants, an as-large-as-possible electrically-operated clock shall be provided to indicate silently the remaining time in the contest. No oral time warnings, blackboard indications, or any other type of remaining time notations shall be employed. If all the contestants agree to its absence, this clock may be omitted. d. At least thirty minutes before the actual beginning of the contest, the contestants, coaches, graders, and other interested individuals shall be gathered together in the contest room, and the rules shall be rehearsed. Free asking of questions shall be permitted to see that all concerned are agreed as to the manner of conducting the contest, the point system of grading, the method of breaking ties, and all other items concerning the contest. If a con­ference precedes a contest within 24 hours, and if the rules are rehearsed at this conference, a pre-contest rehearsal may be eliminated. However, a ques­tion period immediately preceding the contest shall be permitted. e. When the contest is about to begin, all individuals with the exception of the contestants, the Slide Rule Contest Director, and one grader shall be excluded from the contest room; throughout the actual contest, only these individuals last mentioned may remain in the contest room. The other graders (if there be any) or other individuals (if there he no available graders for this duty) shall he stationed outside the contest room to act as sergeants-at-arms to effect quietness throughout the actual conduct of the contest. f. The envelope containing the slide rule contest literature shall be opened and the sheet or sheets for tabulation of results shall be removed. These sheets provide a method of preserving the identity of the contestants. The contest director shall number the folded contest papers on the outside and keep memoranda on above mentioned result sheets of the name, address, and school of each contestant to correspond to the numbers respectively as· signed, so that at the close of the contest the papers may be identified readily. g. The contestants orally shall be given the following last-minute in­structions: (1) Write your answers in the dotted blanks provided to the right of each problem. (2) No oral time warnings or blackboard time tabulations shall be given; if you desire to see the amount of remaining time in the contest, you may refer to the large electric clock or to your own watch. ( 3) If you finish the contest before the end of the allotted time, re­main at your seat and retain your paper until told to do other­wise. You may use this time to check your answers if you desire. (4) Keep your papers folded at all times except when told to do otherwise; this is particularly important while the contest pa­pers are being distributed but before the signal to begin the contest has been given. (5) If you are in the process of actually writing down an answer when the quitting signal is given, you may complete writing down the digits of your answer; however, you will not be per­mitted to determine the decimal placement unless you already know its location before the quitting signal is given. ( 6) In solving combination problems involving successive steps, it is permissible for you to write down any successive results. In fact, you may place as many notations as you desire anywhere on the contest paper with the exception of the dotted line answer spaces which are reserved for answer only. You may not use any addi­tional scratch paper. (7) Use either the actual decimal point to indicate decimal place­ment or you may use powers of ten. Both methods may be used on the same paper. (8) Remember that if you skip a problem, you will be penalized one point. (9) During the contest proper, no questions may he asked or answered. h. Hand out the contest papers by orally calling out the serial numbers and having each contestant identify his. Warn the contestants that the con· test is about to begin. i. Give the signal starting the contest in a manner that is well understood by all contestants. In a clear voice announce, "The contest is about to begin. Get ready. Unfold your paper now and begin." j. Give the "Instructions for Graders for the Slide Rule Contests," en­closed in the contest package, to the grader in order that he may refresh himself concerning the grading of the contest. k. Exactly thirty minutes after the beginning signal has been given, give the signal ending the contest. Announce clearly, "Stop. Fold your pa· pers immediately and turn them in to me." 1. Answer no questions concerning the contest at this time. m. Exclude all individuals from the room with the exception of the Slide Rule Contest Director and the graders. This applies to contestants, coaches, parents, friends, and all other individuals. n. Remove the answer key from the contest envelope and proceed to grade the contest papers. Allow adequate time for careful, accurate grading of the papers; do not sacrifice accuracy for speed. Double check the grad­ing to he sure that no errors have been made. o. Record the net scores on the outside of each contest paper. p. First place goes to the contestant making the highest net grade; sec­ond place goes to the contestant making the next highest net grade; third place to the next highest and so on. q. In the event two or more contestants are tied for first, second, and/or third place in the regional or state meet, call into the room those contestants involved in the ties and give them the ten-minute tie-breaking contest pro­vided in the contest envelope. Follow items Sa through Sp listed above insofar as they apply to the tie-breaking contest, permitting each contestant to he identified by the same number as that which he used for the regular contest. In the event a tie still remains after the first tie-breaking contest has been given and graded, an additional tie-breaking contest shall he given to only those concerned with the remaining tie; the Slide Rule Con­test Director shall determine the fifteen additional problems to be given on this additional ten-minute tie-breaking contest; if he wishes, he may take fifteen problems from the regular thirty-minute contest for the ad­ditional tie-breaker. This process shall continue until no ties remain in the first three places of the contest. As a matter of interpretation, if two indi­viduals are tied for first place on the regular thirty-minute contest, the one rece1vmg the higher net grade on the tie-breaking contest receives first place and the other receives second place in the general contest. If two individuals are tied for third place on the general thirty-minute contest, after distribution of first and second place, either by no ties existing or by the results of the tie-breaking contest, the individual making the higher grade on the tie-breaking contest shall receive third place, and the other individual shall not place at all. No ties in first, second or third place shall be resolved in district competition. r. After all papers have been graded and no ties remain in the first three places, completely fill out the remaining blanks on the tabulation of results sheet. Prepare a list of winners and their schools. Exception see Rule Sq. s. Gather all contestants, graders, coaches, and other interested parties in the contest room and announce the winners of the contest, that is, the names of the contestants making the first three places and their net scores. Contestants should be permitted to examine their papers if they desire, but they are not permitted to retain them. Permit discussion concerning the con· test. If it is evident that any errors have been made, correct them and be sure that all contestants are informed of their correction. t. Gather all used contest papers so that none may be retained by the contestants, coaches, or other interested party; these shall be destroyed. u. All unused contest papers, keys and completed tests must be returned to the State Office of the University Interscholastic League. v. The instructions for graders shall be retained for future use of the slide rule coaches. w. The tabulation of results sheet and the list of winners and their schools shall be given to the Director General. 6. Grading the Contests.-Adequate time for careful, accurate grading shall be taken. Accuracy shall not be sacrificed for speed. The State Office of the University Interscholastic League will provide the graders with a list of the correct answers; this list shall he included with each regular contest and tie-breaking contest envelope. The grading of all papers and the deter­mination of the net grades shall be double-checked to reduce the possibility of errors. For the sake of uniformity and freedom of argument, all grading shall be done according to answers written on the answer key, unless the contest director desires to contact the State Slide Rule Chairman by telephone for a corrected answer. If the latter option is selected, the corrected answer must be received from the State Slide Rule Chairman as soon after the completion of the Slide Rule Contest as practical but in no case later than four hours after the completion of the contest. In the absence of a corrected answer from the State Slide Rule Chairman, all grading must he done according to the answer printed on the answer key, even in the case of an obviously in­correct answer if such ever is the case. Any telephone calls to the State Slide Rule Chairman will be made at neither his expense nor that of the Univer­sity Interscholastic League. ,The papers of all contestants in the district, regional, and state slide rule contests and in all tie-breaking contests shall be graded uniformly on the following basis: a. The first significant digit is defined as that digit other than zero which first occurs in the number. The first significant digit of 83.4 is 8. The first significant digit of 0.00428 is 4. b. Three significant digit accuracy shall be required on each problem. If the answer of a problem has just one or two significant digits, the addition of two or one zeros should be used to indicate accuracy to three significant figures. If the answer is 25, to indicate three significant figures it should be written as 25.0. If the answer is 0.04, to indicate three significant figures it should be written as 0.0400. c. The gross grade is the addition of positive points. The negative or subtractive grading system shall not be used except in the two cases men­tioned in Paragraphs 6e and 6m below. d. The maximum point value for any answer is 5 points; the maximum amount that can be subtracted for any one answer is 1 point as indicated in Paragraphs 6e and 6m below. e. If the first significant digit in the contestant's answer is incorrect ac­cording to the range of acceptable answers given in the answer key, no posi­tive credit shall be given for this problem; in this case 1 point shall be de­ducted from the contestant's gross grade. See Paragrap.h 6m below. f. If only the first significant digit in the answer is correct according to the range of acceptable answers given in the answer key and if the decimal point is placed correctly, a value of 3 points shall be given for the problem. g. If only the first two significant digits in the answer are correct accord­ing to the range of acceptable answers given in the answer key and if the decimal point is placed correctly, a value of 4 points shall be given for the problem. h. If each of the first three significant digits in the answer is correct ac­cording to the range of acceptable answers given in the answer key and if the decimal point is placed correctly, a value of 5 points shall be given for the problem. i. If only the first significant digit in the answer is correct according to ran~e of acceptable answers given in the answer key and if the decimal point is placed incorrectly or omitted entirely, a value of 1 point shall be given for the problem. j. If the first two significant digits in the answer are correct according to the range of acceptable answers given in the answer key and ifthe decimal point is placed incorrectly or omitted entirely, a value of 2 points shall be given for the problem. k. If each of the first three significant digits in the answer are correct according to the range of acceptable answers given in the answer key and if the decimal point is placed incorrectly or omitted entirely, a value of 3 points shall be given for the problem. I. An answer must be written in the space provided to the right of the problem before any credit shall be given for the problem; in this case where the answer has been written but in the incorrect place, the problem shall he counted as having been skipped; see Paragraph 6m below. m. The sum of the points awarded for each problem shall constitute the gross score of the contestant. From the gross score, 1 point shall he deducted for each problem skipped and 1 point shall he deducted for each answer in which the first significant digit is incorrect according to the range of answers given in the answer key; the latter previously had been mentioned in paragraph 6e. Those problems occurring after the last problem solved or attempted are not considered skipped, hence no deduction shall be made for them. In the case of Paragraph 6e where an attempt at a solution has been made or where the solution has been determined but neither the attempt nor the solution are written in the proper place for answer, the problem shall he considered skipped and one point shall he deducted. n. An illegible figure shall he counted as an incorrect digit. To deter· mine whether or not a figure is illegible, place a blank piece of white paper on either side of it, thus separating it from its context, and then ifthe grader cannot identify the figure, it shall be counted as an incorrect digit. 7. Qualification.-District winners in each conference qualify for re· gional meets and regional winners for the State Meet in acordance with the schedule provided in Rules 19 and 23 of the Spring Meet Plan. 8. Graders.-A committee of competent and unbiased graders shall be appointed by the Director General of the meet to grade the papers produced in the contest and to report grades to the contest director. This committee generally should have three members, but in cases of very small number of slide rule contestants in any one contest, one or two graders may he all that are necessary. In cases where there are large numbers of slide rule con· testants, more than three graders may he used. The contest director should choose the graders in advance of the meet and should use every effort to induce the graders to familiarize themselves with the rules. See Paragraph Sa. 9. Assistance.-a. Approximately sixty slide rule practice tests for use in teaching of slide rule operations and in preparing the contestants for the slide rule contests are available from the University Interscholastic League, Bureau of Public School Service, The University of Texas, Austin 12, Texas. Answer keys are available for each practice test. The cost of each test and its answer key is found in the League publication lists. It is contemplated that each year additional slide rule practice tests will become available. Write the University Interscholastic League for an index of and information con­cerning these practice tests. A school will be limited to one dozen from each set at the prices quoted. b. In addition to the manuals available from the manufacturers of slide rules, the following four publications are recommended for additional aid in slide rule instruction: Dana and Hillyard, "Engineering Problems Manual," fourth edition, 1947. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 330 West 42nd Street, New York 18, New York. This printed book contains approximately 29 pages of slide rule instruction in addition to approximately 384 additional pages of ele­mentary general engineering problems and tables. Leach and Beakley, "The SlUJe Rule," 1953, The Macmillan Company, New York. This book contains 44 pages of slide rule practice problems and instruction; 50 cents per copy. Machavina, "A Manual for the Slide Rule," first edition, 1950. McGraw­Hill Book Company, Inc., 330 West 42nd Street, New York 18, New York. This printed book contains 64 pages of slide rule instruction in addition to approximately 12 pages of slide rule practice problems. An excellent discus· sion of decimal placement appears in this book. Kreisle, "Beginner's Slide Rule Manual," Bulletin 5217, Sept. 1, 1952, Bureau of Public School Service, Extension Building 103, The University of Texas, Austin 12, Texas; 50 cents per copy, postpaid. This publication con­sists of 46 pages of slide rule instruction and practice problems. c. The use of slides and sound motion pictures is of great assistance in giving adequate slide rule instruction. The following two 16mm sound-on· film motion pictures are available from the Visual Instruction Bureau, The University of Texas, Austin 12, Texas: SO 1950 "The Slwe Rule," 25 minutes showing time, black and white; $2.50 rental charge. This film explains the parts and markings of a standard IO.inch straight slide rule as well as the use of the C and D scales for multi­plication, division, or a combination of the two. SO 1949 "The Slwe Rule," 21 minutes showing time, black and white; $2.00 rental charge. This film explains percentage, proportion, squares and square roots in the use of a standard 10-inch straight slide rule. d. Large scale demonstration slide rules frequently are available upon permanent loan or moderate charge from the following manufacturers of slide rules: Kueffel and Esser Company, Hoboken, New Jersey. Pickett and Eckel, Inc., 1111 South Fremont Avenue, Alhambra, Cali­fornia. Thompson, "The Standard Manual of the Slide Rule" second edition, August 1952. Van Nostrum Co., 250 4th Ave., New York 3, New York. Cost $2.75. This book contains 215 pages, illustrations, problems and an­swers. Johnson, "The Slide Rule," 1949. Van Nostrum Co., 250 4th Ave., New York 3, New York. Cost $3.00. This book contains 242 pages with many illustrations, problems with answers. Written by the Dean of the College of Engineering at Tulane University, this book offers a broad coverage of the C.D., CI, S.T., ST and L, scales. Arnold, "The Slide Rule," 1954. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N. J. Cost $3.40. This book offers a thorough coverage of the use of a modern slide rule for those interested in a more advanced text. Containing 206 pages with answers to odd numbered problems, the text has been written with engineering applications as illustrations. 10. Additional lnformation.-Any additional information concerning the slide rule contests may be obtained from the University Interscholastic League, Bureau of Public School Service, The University of Texas, Austin 12, Texas. Typing Contest The Commercial Teachers Section of the State Teachers Association at its meeting in November, 1925, passed a resolution requesting the University Interscholastic League to undertake district and State typewriting tourna­ments for high schools in Texas. In co-operation with the College of Business Administration of The Uni­versity of Texas, the League has conducted a series of county, district, and regional tournaments and a State Tournament each year since 1927. 1. Only Accredited Schools Eligible.-This contest is open only to schools accorded credit in typing, according to the current issue of the Texas Education Agency bulletin, entitled, "Standards and Activities of the Divi­sion of Supervision," and which follow the time-schedule required by the State Department, viz., single-or double-period five days per week for thirty­six weeks during the year. 2. Representation.-Each school entering the contest shall be required to enter two, as a minimum in the district meet. Schools having an enrollment of more than thirty in first year typing on January I shall add one additional pupil for every thirty or fraction thereof enrolled in excess of thirty, up to five entries. No school shall enter less than two or more than five contestants. Pupils having had regular instruction in typing prior to September I, and pupils who will be graduated at mid-term are not counted on this enrollment. (For "enrollment," see Art. VII, Sec. 19.) 3. Eligibility.-Only those pupils eligible under Article VIII of the Con­stitution shall be permitted to enter this contest, and only those who have had no regular instruction in typing prior to September l, last. Section 13, Arti­cle VIII, does not apply to typing contestants, provided the contestant is representing the high school nearest to his home accredited in typing. Each teacher entering a contestant must be certain that the contestant has had no typing instruction before September l, last. 4. Qualification.-District winners in each Conference qualify for re· gional meets and regional winners for the State Meet in accordance with schedule provided in Article IX, Sections 1-5. Individuals are qualified to enter the next higher meet. 5. State Meet.-Those individuals qualified as indicated in the foregoing paragraph meet for a state championship tournament during the State Meet of the League. Contestants must have their machines set up in Waggener Hall 216 by 4 o'clock the afternoon preceding the contest. The contestants, coach, or someone designated by either of them should check the machine to determine that it is in good working condition. The director of this tourna­ment is Miss Florence Stullken, of the College of Business Administration, The University of Texas. 6. General Rule.-The International Contest Rules for checking the errors are followed. The important points are herein set down and some· what clarified to fit our particular requirements. l'hese rules shall govern in all League typing meets. Every word omitted, inserted, misspelled, or in any way changed from the printed copy shall be penalized. (An error in the printed copy may be corrected or copied as printed.) Each error due to faulty machines is to be penalized. Where the space is wider between two letters in a word, thus shortening the space between words, if the letter is nearer (ascertained by applying the scale rule) the space in which it belongs-that is, beyond the middle space-no error should be counted. 7. Rewritten or Tra,nsposed Matter.-In rewritten or transposed matter not more than one error shall be charged for the rewriting or transposition, and one error shall be charged for each error in the rewritten material. 8. Contestants Numbered.-Each contestant shall be given a number and that number placed on his contest sheet, so that the identity of the individual is withheld from the judges until the awards are made. 9. Length of Test.-All tests must be exactly' 12 minutes in length. Typ­ing must cease at the closing signal, even if a word is not completed. No er­ror is counted for the incomplete word. If the contestant continues to write, his paper shall be penalized one error. 10. Computation by Strokes and Accuracy.-From the gross number of strokes of the printed test material deduct fifty strokes for each error made. The net number of words will be found by dividing the net number of strokes by 5 (the average number of strokes for each word). Divide the result by 12 (the number of minutes) to get the net rate per minute. OR, divide the gross number of strokes by 5. This will give you the gross number of words writ­ten. From this figure deduct the penalty-IO times the number of errors. Divide this result by 12 to get the net words per minute. 11. Final Rating.-The final rating, however, shall be based upon both speed and accuracy. To the net words per minute shall be added the per· centage of accuracy for the final score. To find the percentage of accuracy, divide the total words written into the total net words written. Example: The student writes 700 words with 3 errors; correct words written 670 (700 mi· nus 30), divided by total words, 700, equals .9571; move the decimal point two places to right-95.71, which is the percentage of accuracy. In this ex· ample the student's speed is 55.83 (670 divided by 12). The speed, 55.83, plus the percentage of accuracy, 95.71, equals the student's score, 151.54. The rankings must be based upon this score. 12. Size of Page.-A page 8112 x 14 inches shall be used. Write only on one side of each page. Contestant must furnish his own paper except at State Meet. 13. Spacing.-All work shall have double spacing. One error shall be counted for every line not properly spaced. 14. Length of Line.-Each line, except the last line in a paragraph, shall contain not less than 61 strokes nor more than 76. The space-counting of line­length begins with the first word in that line. Do not count a space after the last word of a line when measuring line-length-a good typist returns the carriage without making a thumb-space. One error shall be counted for each line not qualifying. The five spaces indented at the beginning of a paragraph cannot be counted in measuring the strokes of the line. 15. Paragraphing.-Paragraphs shall be indented five spaces. One error shall be counted for every irregularity. 16. Length of Page.-Each page, except the last, shall contain at least thirty-three lines of writing. Only one error is charged for a "short" page­not one error for each line the page is short. A contestant may use a warn­ing mark for the bottom of the page. 17. Marking of Errors.-Each error shall be indicated by drawing a circle around the error, but touching no part of it. 18. Spacing after Punctuation.-Two spaces follow all end punctuation marks. All other points have one space, except a dash, which has no space either before or after it. (A dash is made by two strokes of the hyphen.) Either one or two spaces may be used after the colon. Any error in punc­tuation shall be penalized unless the preceding word has already been penalized. 19. Faulty Shifting and Cut Letters.-1£ only a part of a letter is seen, an error shall be charged. A lightly struck letter or character is no error if the entire character is visible. Any letters so near the edge of the paper that the whole letter does not appear on the paper shall be penalized-one error for each word. 20. Strikeovers and Erasures.-A strikeover or an erasure is an error and shall be penalized. 21. Margin.-Any irregularity in the left-hand margin is an error and shall be penalized. 22. Division of Words at the End of a Line.-Any word wrongly divided at the end of a line shall be penalized. Any standard dictionary is an au­thority. This authority shall be presented to settle a dispute. 23. Crowding and Piling.-1£ a word occupies less than its proper num­ber of spaces, it shall be penalized one error. When two characters or a space and a character are so crowded that any portion of their bodies overlaps or would overlap were a character typed in the adjoining space, one error shall be deducted for this "piling." 24. Equipment.-Standard 11-inch carriage or portable machines may be used. Machine may have elite or pica type. Machine must have standard bell. A contestant may furnish his own table if he wishes to do so. 25. Starting Time.-All tests must start at the time set in the Official Pro­gram. Warming-up tests must he given, but just one official test may be counted in any meet. Definite signals for the beginning and the ending of the official test must he agreed upon and given. 26. Test.-AII contestants, regardless of classification of school, should take the same test at the same time. The official material must not be practiced before the test; this material must be opened in the presence of the contestants. 27. Graders.-lt is the responsibility of the contest director to get the papers graded, and he may select the graders he needs. The teachers who have contestants make the best graders. All teachers having entries and all contestants must be permitted to examine all papers--particularily their own papers-before the final scores are announced officially. 28. Directors.-Directors must read and follow all rules. They must re· £rain from exercising their personal opinions. The director of the contest may select assistants to help get ready for the tests. While the final warming­up test and the official test are given, only the director or one person ap· pointed by the director (not a teacher with an entry) shall remain in the room. The director of each contest or his appointee shall make a final review of papers before they are examined by the teachers and their contestants. If a teacher contests the grading of his student's paper, the director shall send that paper along with the five highest in rank to the State Director -before the official results are announced in a particular Conference. After official announcement of winners has been released, no changes can be made in the first five places. Directors will receive contest material from the Director General of the meet who receives it from League Headquarters, Austin. Shorthand Contest At the dinner of the Commercial Teachers of the State of Texas, on the evening of May l, 1936, at the Driskill Hotel, Austin, a resolution was passed requesting the University Interscholastic League to undertake district, regional, and State shorthand tournaments for high schools in Texas. 1. Only Accredited Schools Eligible.-This contest is open only to schools accorded credit in shorthand by the Texas Education Agency, and which follow the time schedule required by the Agency, viz., single-or double. period five days per week for thirty-six weeks during the year. 2. Representation.-Each school entering the contest shall be required to enter two, as a minimum. Schools having an enrollment of more than thirty in first-year shorthand on January 1 shall add one additional pupil for every thirty or fraction thereof enrolled in excess of thirty, provided not more than five are entered from any one school. Pupils having had regular instruction in shorthand prior to September l, and pupils who will he grad­uated at mid-term are not counted on this enrollment. (For "enrollment," see Art. VII, Sec. 19.) 3. Eligibility.-Only those pupils eligible under Article VIII of the Con­stitution shall he permitted to enter this contest, and only those who have had no regular instruction in shorthand prior to September 1, last. Section 13, Article VIII, does not apply to shorthand contestants, provided the con­testant is representing the high school nearest to his home accredited in shorthand. Only manual shorthand contestants are eligible to enter this contest. 4. Qualification.-District winners in each Conference qualify for re­gional meets and regional winners for the State Meet in accordance with schedule provided in rules 19 and 23 of the Spring Meet Plan. Individuals qualify to enter the next higher meet. 5. State Meet.-Those individuals qualified as indicated in paragraph 2 above, meet for a state championship tournament during the State Meet of the League. The director of this tournament is Miss Florence Stullken, of the College of Business Administration, The University of Texas. 6. General Rule.-The following points taken from the National Short­hand Reporters' Association rules for correcting shorthand contest transcrip­tion, are herein set down because they fit the particular requirements of the League shorthand meets: a. Every word omitted, inserted, or transposed, or in any way changed from the printed copy shall be penalized. b. All transcripts must be typewritten, double spaced, and on only one side of the sheet. Lines should be about 65 strokes-though no error is charged for the length of a line in the transcript. Extra spacing between words is permissible; but words written together constitute an error. c. Misspelled words shall be penalized. The contestant is urged to bring a standard dictionary to the transcription period. The omis­sion of an apostrophe constitutes a misspelled word. Any word wrongly divided at the end of a line shall be penalized. Any standard dictionary is an authority and this authority shall be presented in case of a dispute. d. Figures are counted as they are read-"38" is counted as two words. Figures may be spelled. A mistake on one of the figures, therefore, shall constitute but one error. "1923" (nineteen hun­dred twenty-three) is counted as four words. The writing of "1922" for "1923" should be one error only. The writing of "1823" for "1923" should be, similarly, one error. The writing of "1819" for "1923" should be three errors; and if every figure were wrong in the date, four errors should be charged. e. Errors are not charged both for the transcribing of wrong words and for the insertion of others on the same construction. For in­stance, the checker should count the number of words incorrectly transcribed and that will be the total of errors on that construc­tion; but if the number of incorrect words the student transcribes on a particular construction exceeds the number of those he should have transcribed, he is charged always with the greater number. For instance, if he wrote "Secretary of State" for "the State," he should be charged two errors. It will be seen that he has properly transcribed "State," the only errors being the transcription of "Secretary of" for "the," and he is charged with the greater number, which is two. £. Any pencil or pen insertion or correction are to be counted as errors. Errors must be neatly erased before the corrections are inserted. No strikeout is permissible. Inserts may be written be­tween lines by using the diagonal as an indicator. g. In case of a tie, the contestant finishing in the shorter time is ranked above the other with the same percentage of accuracy. Should there be a tie of both accuracy and time, the neater paper is ranked above the other. h. Contestant must furnish his own paper except at State Meet where paper will be furnished for transcribing. 7. Punctuation.-The following rules shall be observed in checking the transcripts: a. Commas will be dictated, and the contestant will be held re­sponsible for them. The word comma will be written into the dic­tation material, and the two syllables in the word will be counted in marking the copy for dictation. Since the comma after the complimentary close is optional, it will not be dictated. Either a colon or a comma may follow the salutation. The salutation may or may not be on a line by itself. b. Paragraphs will be dictated, and the contestant will be held re­sponsible for them. The word paragraph will be written into the dictation material, and the three syllables in the word will be counted in making the copy for dictation. c. Two words used together as an adjective shall be hyphenated only when followed by a noun. 8. Marking of Errors.-Words omitted should not be written; indicate omission by vertical lines between typed lines. Circle errors when possible -one or two words. 9. Contestants Numbered.-Each contestant shall be given a number and that number placed on his contest-sheet, so that the identity of the individual is withheld from the judges until the awards are made. 10. Length of Test.-All tests must be exactly 5 minutes in length. Warm­ing-up tests may be given, but just one official test may be counted in any district, regional, or in the State Meet. Official material must not be practiced before the test. The director must signify the beginning of the official test. 11. Computation.-The percentage of accuracy is determined by divid­ing the total number of correct words by the total number of words dictated. (Example: if the dictation is given at 70 words a minute for five minutes, the total number of words dictated will be 350. If there are 14 errors in the tran­script, subtract 14 from 350, which will give 336 correct words; divide 336 by 350; this will give 96, the grade or the percentage of accuracy on this paper.) The time limit on the various transcription rates must be as follows: at 70 words, 45 minutes; at 80 words, 45 minutes; at 90 words, 55 minutes; at 100 words, 1 hour. The contestants may, however, turn in their tran­scriptions before this time limit has expired. Ifthere is a tie, the time element is considered in the final rating. For instance, one of the students may have needed 18 minutes to transcribe the material in the example given above, while another required only 14 minutes. The one finishing in the 14 minutes is ranked above the other. For this reason, close attention must be given to time; even seconds are important. 12. Seating Arrangement.-Two students from the same school shall not be allowed to sit next to or near each other during the transcription period. 13. Test.-AII contestants, regardless of classification of school, shall take the same test at the same time. After all papers are graded and rated, they should be sorted and ranked according to class. 14. Rate of Dictation.-The contest material shall be dictated in the re­spective meets and conferences at the following rates per minute: District meets held prior to and including March 16, 70 words per minute; District meets held prior to and including April 6, 80 words per minute; Regional meets, 90 words per minute; State Meet, 100 words per minute. 15. Graders.-College students who have been especially trained in checking and rating papers according to the "Constitution and Rules of the Interscholastic League" may help grade contest papers. Teachers with entries make good graders. All teachers having entries and all contestants must be permitted to examine all papers before the final scores are announced officially. 16. Dictators.-Every possible effort should be taken by directors to se­cure only experienced dictators for the contest. An experienced dictator is a shorthand teacher. The dictator should be permitted to read the dictation material through before starting the test. No teacher having entries in the contest shall be allowed to dictate the contest; nor are they permitted to re­main in the transcription room during the transcription period. Contestants should be told which are the warming-up drills and which is the contest proper. The material must be dictated evenly-that is, according to the desig­nated markings for each 15 seconds; however, a phrase should not be broken for the sake of exactness in timing. The dictator should be careful in the enunciation of word derivatives. 17. Directors.-Directors must read and follow all printed rules. They must refrain from exercising their personal opinions. Shorthand and typing contests must be scheduled at different times-at least one hour apart. It is advisable to have the typing contest precede the shorthand contest. Contests must be started at the time scheduled; late contestants forfeit the right to enter. Under no circumstances is a test to be delayed for a contestant who is scheduled in other contests at that same time. Before the contest, the director should get the names of all contestants entering and should provide adequate space for each contest; this place must be a quiet one. Two persons shall be appointed to check the dictator for variations in the printed copy. These may be teachers with entries. If a teacher contests the grading of his student's paper, the director shall send that paper along with the five highest in rank immediately to the State Director-be/ore the final, scores are announced in that particul,ar Confer· ence. Thus a more equitable over-all rating will be effected throughout the State. After the official announcement of winners has been released, no change can be made in the first five places. Directors will receive contest material from Director General who receives it from League Headquarters, Austin. Rules for Music Competition Introduction Rules and regulations for two types of music competition are outlined in this section. Each contest is designed as a culminating activity for a year's work in music instruction in the public schools. Instrumental and vocal competition for high schools and junior high schools will be conducted at Regional Music Competition-Festivals. All music competition for elementary schools will be conducted at area grade school music meets. Administrators and music teachers are encouraged to read these sections carefully to determine the value which may be received from motivating music instruction through competition. The State Director of Music Activities for the Interscholastic League is anxious to be of assistance to the music teachers in providing teaching aids and suggestions which will make musical instruction more effective. Music competition will be organized, promoted and administered in the same manner as are other phases of the League program. Amendments and changes to the plan may be made from time to time upon the recommendation of such changes through the regular legislative machinery of the League. Member-schools desiring major changes in the plan will submit their proposals to the Legislative Advisory Council of the League for study. For legislative procedure, see Article IV, Section 5, and Article XIV and XV of the Constitution and Rules. General Regulations CODE: Participation in the League Competition-Festival implies that each member-school shall observe all the implications of fair play, courtesy and sportsmanship. Achieving the ultimate in excellence of a performance shall be the goal instead of winning. The competition is designed to mo­tivate music education throughout the year rather than to prepare for a contest. Directors shall use the Competition-Festival to encourage and teach music appreciation, technical ability, stage deportment, audience deportment and good citizenship in general. Competition-Festivals should assume and maintain a regular position as an agency for education and character build­ing in the general educational philosophy of the Public Schools. 1. Participation.-No school shall participate in the Interscholastic League Competition-Festivals whose acceptance card is not on file in the League office by December l, and whose membership dues are not paid for the current year. Each individual school unit of a system must file an ac­ceptance card in order to become eligible for participation. Article III, Sec­tion 1, defines eligibility for League membership. Cards acknowledging receipt of acceptance cards will be sent out by the State Office. If you do not receive such a card within a reasonable time, con· tact the State Office. Note: Schools which have filed an acceptance card the preceding Decem· her are eligible to participate in marching contests held in the fall. New schools intending to enter marching contests may become eligible by notify. ing the State Office by letter prior to the contest. 2. Classification.-Participating schools shall be assigned to conferences for competition for a two-year period on the basis of average membership in the unit during the year preceding assignment as follows: AAAA.-High schools with an average membership of 845 or more stu· dents in Grades 9-10-11-12. AAA.-High schools with an average membership of 370-844 students, inclusive, in Grades 9-10-11-12. AA.-High schools with an average membership of 200-369 students, inclusive, in Grades 9-10-11-12. A.-High schools with an average membership of 120-199 students, in­clusive, in Grades 9-10-11-12. B.-High schools with an average membership of 119 or less students in Grades 9-10-11-12. CC.-Junor high schools with an enrollment of 500 or more students in Grade 9 and below at the time of application for membership. C.-Junior high schools with an enrollment of 499 or less students in Grade 9 and below at the time of application for membership; and, school units composed of Grade 8 and below regardless of enrollment. Note 1: Assignment to conferences as outlined in this section is mandatory and schools must participate in the conferences to which they are assigned in all events. Note 2: The addition of students resulting from the use of composite groups as provided for in Section 12 will not affect classification in any way. Note 3: Second bands, orchestras and choral groups may participate in the competition and will be assigned to conferences upon application to the state office. 3. Regions.-Texas shall be divided into Regions for Competition as follows: Region I-Yoakum, Terry, Lynn, Garza, Cochran, Dickens, King, Cottle, Bailey, Lamb, Hale, Floyd, Motley, and all counties enclosed. Region II-Borden, Mitchell, Sterling, Irion, Schleicher, Sutton, Kimble, Mason, San Saba, Mills, Hamilton, Erath, Palo Pinto, Stephens, Throckmorton, Haskell, Stone· wall, Kent, and all counties enclosed. Region III-Hood, Somervell, Bosque, Coryell, Lampasas, Bell, Williamson, Milam, Robertson, Limestone, Freestone, Navarro, Ellis, Johnson, Burleson, and all counties enclosed. Region IV-Kaufman, Van Zandt, Henderson, Anderson, Cherokee, Nacogdoches, Pa­nola, Harrison, Gregg, Shelby, Smith, and Rusk counties. Region V-Houston, Leon, Brazos, Washington, Austin, Colorado, Wharton, Mata­gorda, Brazoria, Galveston, Harris, Montgomery, Walker and all counties enclosed. Region VI-Val Verde, Edwards, Kerr, Gillespie, Llano, Burnet, Travis, Lee, Fayette, Gonzales, Karnes, Atascosa, LaSalle, Dimmit, Maverick, Kinney, and all counties enclosed. Region VII-McMullen, Live Oak, San Patricio, Nueces, Kle'berg, Kenedy, Brooks, Jim Hogg, Webb, Duval, and Jim Wells counties. Region VIII-Gaines, Dawson, Howard, Glasscock, Reagan, Crockett, Terrell, Brew­ster, Presidio, Jeff Davis, Reeves, Loving, and all counties enclosed. Region IX-Zapata, Willacy, Cameron, Hidalgo, and Starr counties. Region X-Parker, Tarrant, Dallas, Collin, Rockwall, Grayson, Cooke, Wise, and Denton counties. Region XI-Parmer, Castro, Swisher, Briscoe, Hall, Childress, and all counties north. Region XII-Sabine, San Augustine, Angelina, Trinity, San Jacinto, Polk, Tyler, Liberty, Hardin, Orange, Jefferson, Chambers, Jasper and Newton counties. Region XIII-El Paso, Hudspeth, and Culberson counties. Region XIV-Hardeman, Foard, Knox, Baylor, Wilbarger, Wichita, Archer, Young, Clay, Jack, and Montague counties. Region XV-Fannin, Hunt, Rains, Wood, Upshur, Marion, and all counties north and east. Region XVI-Lavaca, DeWitt, Jackson, Victoria, Calhoun, Goliad, Refugio, Aransas, and Bee counties. Competition-Festivals shall be held in each Region and organizations and individuals shall compete in Regions to which they are assigned. The State Executive Committee shall appoint in each Region an Executive Committee composed of seven school administrators. These members shall serve three year overlapping terms. Each committee shall elect its own chairman who shall serve a one-year term but may be re­ elected. 4. Duties of Regional Executive Committee.-The Regional Executive Committee shall have general charge of the organization and management of the regional Competition-Festivals. It shall be the duty of this committee: a. To appoint a Band Contest Chairman, a Vocal Contest Chairman and an Orchestra Contest Chairman. b. To make all arrangements for the Regional Competition-Festival rela­tive to place, time, judges, entries, and finance. c. To enforce all rules and regulations, to settle all disputes and all questions of eligibility arising inside the region. There shall be no appeal from any decision rendered by this committee. d. To investigate and check the eligibility of contestants. e. To canvass schools for entries and to co-operate with schools in effecting and promoting Regional Competition-Festivals. £. To correspond with the State Office with regard to the interests of the work. g. To work in general toward making the Regional Competition-Festivals worth while in and by themselves. h. To certify to the State Office all ratings awarded at the Regional Com­petition-Festivals. i. To distribute all awards, ratings and judges comments to the par­ticipating schools. j. To file a complete financial report with the State Office. 5. Expenses of the Regional Committee.-The Regional Executive Com­mittee has authority to outline and put into operation a plan for financing its own meetings. 6. Duties of Contest Chairmen.-It shall be the duty of the vocal contest chairman, the orchestra contest chairman and the band contest chairman to submit recommendations to the Regional Executive Committee relative to the place, time, judges, entries, financing and general plans for the Re­gional Competition-Festival; and, to conduct the Competition-Festival ac­cording to plan and schedule. 7. Eligibility.-All eligibility regulations outlined in Article VIII of the Constitution of the Interscholastic League shall apply to League Music Competition-Festivals. Superintendents or principals shall certify the con­testants at the time of their entry into the Regional Competition-Festival. (Note: Article VIII, Section 8, Section 11, Section 12, and Section 14 apply only to the specific contests stated therein.) 8. Regional F ees.-Each Regional Executive Committee shall have the authority to assess and collect such fees as are decided advisable for the operation of the Regional Competition. Proper officers may be designated by the Executive Committee to receive and dispense these fees. 9. Rebate to the Regional Meet.-All funds collected by the Executive Committee from concessions, admissions and fees at the Regional Com­petition-Festivals in excess of the amount necessary to defray the incidental expenses of the meet may be prorated up to 100 per cent to the participating schools on the basis of 10 cents per mile both ways. 10. Selection of /udges.-Each Regional Executive Committee shall have the authority to select and contact judges for the regional competitions. The Executive Committee shall set the amount of fee paid to any judge. 11. fudging Standards.-All Regions shall be guided by the Bulletin, Standards of Adjudication, published by the National Interscholastic Music Activities Commission in establishing basic standards of judging. Each competing soloist, ensemble or organization shall he assigned a rating desig· nating the excellence of its performance as follows: Division I, Superior. The best conceivable performance for the event and the class of participants being judged; worthy of the distinction of being recognized as a first-place winner. This rating might be compared to a percentage grade of 95--100. Division II, Excellent. An unusual performance in many respects but not worthy of the highest rating due to minor defects in performance or ineffective interpretation. A performance of distinctive quality. This rating might be compared to a grade of 87-94. Division III, Good. A good performance, but not outstanding. Showing accomplish­ment and marked promise, but lacking in one or more essential qualities. This rating might be compared to a grade of 80-86. Division IV, Fafr. An average performance, but not worthy of a higher rating because of basic weaknesses in most of the fundamental factors listed on the score sheet. Com­parable to a grade of 75--79. Division V, Below Average. Much room for improvement. The Director should check his methods, instrnmentation, etc, with those of more mature organizations. Definition of Points Judged Interpretation: Adherence to the traditional interpretation of the com· position, inclusive of tonal balance and precision, phrasing, rate of speed or tempo, expressional features, etc. Tone: Beauty of tonal quality of the various instruments, or voices and of the organization as a whole. Intonation: Correctness of pitch, or playing in tune. General Effect: A general rating as to the artistic effectiveness of the per­ formance. A performance may he very effective though contrary to tradition as to interpretation, or a traditional interpretation may lack life or spirit, or physical features may detract, such as poor position of performer or con­ ductor. Chart for Computing Ratings Three Judges ­ Five Ratings Rating I Rating II Rating III Rating IV Rating V 1-1-1 1-2-2 1-3-3 1-4-4 1-5-5 1-1-2 1-2-3 1-3-4 1-4-5 2-5-5 1-1-3 1-2-4 1-3-5 2-4-4 3-5-5 1-1-4 1-2-5 2-3-3 2-4-5 4-5-5 1-1-5 2-2-2 2-3-4 3-4-4 5-5-5 2-2-3 2-3-5 3-4-5 2-2-4 3-3-3 4--4-4 2-2-5 3-3-4 4-4-5 3-3-5 12. Composite Groups.-When students from grades lower than the high school are combined with high-school students to form a competing high­school unit (Conferences AAA, AA, A and B); or, when students from grades lower than the junior high school are combined with the junior high­school students to form a competing junior high-school unit( Conferences CC and C), the resulting group is known as a composite group. The following statements shall govern the use of composite groups: a. Composite bands are permitted in Conferences AAA, AA, A, B, CC and C, only. b. Composite choral groups are permitted in Conferences AAA, AA, A, B, CC and C, only. c. Composite orchestras and string orchestras are permitted in all conferences. d. Combined orchestras and string orchestras, i.e., orchestras and string orchestras from similar school units ... two or more junior high schools or two or more schools composed of the eighth grade and below from the same school system ... are permitted in Con­ferences CC and C, only. e. No student may be permitted to perform in an organization classed lower than his school classification, i.e., a high-school student may not perform in a junior high-school group, etc. f. No student shall compete in two bands, two orchestras or two choral groups of the same type. 13. Additional Competition.-Member organizations may enter a maxi­mum of two competitions in addition to The University Interscholastic League Regional Competition-Festival. A competition is defined as any contest or festival where one organization is rated or judged in comparison with another group or with a standard of performance. 14. Observe Rules.-Each school shall observe faithfully all rules con­tained in Article VIII of the Constitution and Rules. In case an ineligible contestant is used in any Competition-Festival, knowingly or unknowingly, the minimum penalty shall be forfeiture of the rating. 15. Protests.-All protests must be made to the proper committee within twenty-four hours after the organization performs, except that a protest based on the alleged ineligibility of a contestant may be made at any time; provided, it is made immediately upon discovery of the facts on which the protest is based. Protests must be made in writing and signed by a superin­tendent or principal. A protest based on a judge's decision will not be con­sidered. 16. Entries.-All entries must be made in duplicate and both the original and the duplicate must be postmarked no later than 21 days preceding the announced date of the event. Original entries, with fees attached, must be mailed to the Regional Contest Director and duplicate entries are mailed to the State Office. The State Office will not certify entries which were post­marked later than 21 days prior to the announced date of the event. 17. Awards.-The following schedule of awards is recommended as the standard to be used in Regional Competition-Festivals: The Special Award may be presented to any band, orchestra or choral group which achieves a Division I rating in sightreading and concert per­formances. Any group not qualifying for the Special Award but earning a Division I rating in any organization event may be presented an Event Award. Any organization achieving a Division II rating in any event is eligible to receive an Organization Certificate. These certificates will be furnished free of charge to the Regions by the State Office. A Gold Medal may be presented to a Class I soloist or a member of a Class I ensemble who earns a Division I rating. Any student conductor, vocal or instrumental soloist or member of a vocal or instrumental ensemble earning a Division I rating in Class II competition may be given a Silver Medal. Bronze Medals may be presented to any student from a Conference C or CC organization who achieves a Division I rating in Class III instrumental or vocal solos or ensembles. Individual Certificates may be presented to any soloist or member of an ensemble of any class who achieves a Division II rating in any event. These certificates may be secured by the Contest Chairman from the State Office at no cost. Special Rules Governing Solo Competition 18. Qualification.-Any soloist who meets the eligibility requirements referred to in Rule 7 and complies with the specific regulations in this sec­tion may be entered in solo competition in the Regional Competition·Festi· val. All soloists must compete for ratings. 19. Membership.-All soloists competing in approved solo events Num­ber 1 through 29 listed in Rule 25 must be members of a currently compet­ing concert band or orchestra. Soloists entering approved solo events Num­ber 30 through 36 must be members of a currently competing choral group. Twirling soloists, event Number 37, must be members of a currently com· peting marching band. Piano soloists and student conductors, events 38 and 39 must be members of either a competing band, orchestra or choral group. (Exception: Where there is no organized parent group in the school pro· viding a place for a particular soloist as listed previously, that student may enter the competition provided a music acceptance card has been filed, mem­bership fees have been paid and provided an affidavit is executed by the Prin­cipal or Superintendent stating that there is no parent organization in the school. This affidavit must be attached to the duplicate of the official entry blank.) 20. Classification.-Solo events will grouped in four divisions, band, orchestra, vocal and miscellaneous. Three classes of competition will be held in the band, orchestra and vocal divisions and for piano in the mis­cellaneous division: Class I competition may be entered by any student. Selections to be per· formed must be taken from the prescribed lists for Class I competition. No other numbers will be permitted. Class II competition may be entered by any student who has not previously earned a Division I Rating in this class of competition. Selections to be per­formed must be taken from the prescribed lists for Class II competition. Class III competition is reserved for students who are enrolled in Grade 9 or below. Class III contestants must perform selections prescribed for this class of competition. There will be only two classes of competition in twirling, (1) High School and (2) Junior High School. Student Conducting will be confined to Class I competition. 21. Entry.-Duplicate entry blanks shall be prepared for all solo entries in Regional Competition-Festivals. The original shall be mailed to the Re­gional Contest Director accompanied by a check covering the prescribed entry fees. Duplicates of the entry shall be mailed to the State office. All entries must be postmarked no later than twenty-one days preceding the announced date of the competition. The State Office will check all entries and delete all soloists who do not comply with all regulations. Regional Contest Directors are instructed not to make official entry of any soloists until certifications are received from the State Office. 22. Selections.-The required selections to be performed by all classes of soloists will be published in the early fall preceding the Competition­Festivals. Students who do not perform numbers appearing on the prescribed lists will be prohibited from entering the competition. Percussion, twirling and student conductor competition will be conducted in accordance with requirements listed under special sections in this bulletin. 23. Limitation.-Each student may enter a maximum of seven solo or small ensemble events as listed below. a. Two instrumental events which may be: (1) Two solos provided they are on different instruments, OR (2) Two ensembles provided they are different events. i.e., a trio a quartet and a quintet, or a trio and a sextet, etc. {3) An ensemble and a solo. b. Two vocal events which may consist of: {l) A vocal solo and a vocal ensemble, OR (2) Two vocal ensembles provided they are different events, i.e., a quartet and a quintet, or a trio and a sextet, etc .. c. Two twirling events which may be: {l) A twirling solo and a twirling ensemble, OR (2) Two twirling ensembles provided they are different events, i.e., a trio and a quartet, or a quintet and a trio, etc. d. One entry in student conducting. 24. Performance Regulations.-All soloists shall conform with the fol. lowing miscellaneous requirements: a. Scores.-Each soloist shall supply the judge with one score of his se· lection with measures numbered. The judge is instructed not to permit per· formance to begin until he has received this score. b. Memory.-All soloists must perform their selections from memory. Judges must be supplied with copies of the music. c. Repetition.-A soloist shall not repeat a number used by him during any previous three years. d. Time.-Playing or singing time shall not exceed 6 minutes. Judges may stop the performance and judge on the portion performed. e. Accompaniment.-All solos shall be accompanied and shall be ac­companied by piano only. Directors should limit the number of soloists one accompanist may assist. 25. Approved Solo Events.­ Band L Piccolo 13. Bass Saxophone 2. F1ute 14. Cornet· Trumpet 3. Oboe 15. French Horn 4. English Horn 16. Mellophone 5. Bassoon 17. Trombone 6. B-Flat Clarinet 18. Baritone 7. &Flat Clarinet 19. Tuba 8. Alto Clarinet 20. Xylophone-Marimba 9. Bass Clarinet 21. Snare Drum 10. E-F1at Alto Saxophone 22. Vibra-Harp-Vibra-Celeste 11. B-Flat Tenor Saxophone 23. Bell-Lyre 12. Baritone Saxophone 24. E-F1at Alto Horn Orchestra 25. Violin 28. Double Bass 26. Viola 29. Harp 27. Violoncello Vocal 30. Girls High Voice 34. Boys Medium Voice 31. Girls Medium Voice 35. Boys Low Voice 32. Girls Low Voice 36. Boys Unchanged Voice 33. Boys High Voice Miscellaneous Competition 37. Twirling 39. Student Conductors 38. Piano Special Rules Governing Ensemble Competition 26. Definition.-An instrumental ensemble shall consist of from three to eight performers. A vocal ensemble shall consist of from three to sixteen performers. A twirling ensemble shall consist of from three to six per­formers. Duets are not permitted in any event. 27. Qualification.-Any ensemble, the members of which meet the eligibility rc:quirements listed in Rule 7, and comply with the specific reg­ulations of this division, may be entered direct in the Regional Ensemble Competition. All ensembles shall compete for ratings. 28. Membership.-All members of ensembles competing in events Num­ber 1 through 24 listed in Rule 34 must be members of a currently com· peting concert band or orchestra. Members of ensembles entering approved events Number 25-26-27 must be members of a currently competing choral group. Members of twirling ensembles, event Number 28, must be mem· hers of a currently competing marching band. 29. Classification.-Ensemble events shall be grouped in four Divisions: band, orchestra, vocal and miscellaneous. Three classes of competition will be l;.ield in the first three divisions: Class I competition may be entered by any ensemble. Selections to be per· formed must be taken from the prescribed list for Class I competition. No other numbers will be permitted. Class II ensemble competition may be entered by any ensemble the ma­jority of whose members have not previously participated in a Class II en­semble which earned a Division I rating. Selections to be performed must be taken from the prescribed list for Class II competition. Class III ensemble competition may be entered by students who are en· rolled in Grade 9 or below. Class III ensembles must perform selections prescribed for this class of competition. There will be only two classes of Twirling Ensembles: (1) High School and (2) Junior High School. These ensembles must be trios, quartets, quin­tets, or sextets. Duets are not permitted. 30. Entry in Regional Ensemble Competition.-Schools entering en­sembles in Regional Ensemble Competition will prepare duplicate entry blanks. The original copy will be mailed to the Regional Contest Director accompanied by a check covering the prescribed entry fees. This blank must be postmarked no later than twenty-one days preceding the date announced for the competition. Duplicate ensemble entry blanks must be mailed to the State Office at the same time originals are mailed to Regional headquarters. No checks will accompany the duplicate blanks to the State Office. After the State Office has checked duplicate entry blanks, a certification and state­ment of eligibility on each entry will be mailed to the Regional Contest Di­rector. Regional Contest Directors are instructed not to enter any ensemble if a certification has not been received from the State Office. 31. Selection.-The required selections to be performed by all classes of ensembles will be published in the early fall preceding the Competition­Festivals. Groups which do not perform numbers appearing on the pre­scribed lists will be prohibited from participating in the competition. 32. Limitation.-Each student may enter a maximum of seven solo or small ensemble events as listed below: a. Two instrumental events which may be: (1) Two solos provided they are on different instruments, OR (2) Two ensembles provided they are different events, i.e., a trio and a quartet, or a quintet, or a quintet and a sextet, etc., OR (3) An ensemble and a solo. b. Two vocal events which may consist of: (1) A vocal solo and a vocal ensemble, OR (2) Two vocal ensembles provided they are different events, i.e., a quartet and a quintet, or a trio and a sextet, etc. c. Two twirling events which may be: (1) A twirling solo and a twirling ensemble, OR (2) Two twirling ensembles provided they are different events, i.e., a trio and a quartet, or a quintet and a trio, etc. d. One entry in student conducting. 33. Performance Regulations.-All ensembles must conform with the following miscellaneous requirements: a. Scores.-Directors shall supply to the judge one conductor's score with measures numbered. The judge is instructed not to permit performance to begin until he has been supplied with such score. b. Time.-Playing or singing time shall not exceed 6 minutes. Judges may' stop the performance and judge on the portion rendered. c. Memory.-AII ensembles may use scores. d. Repetition.-An ensemble may not play or sing a selection which hai. been used as a contest selection by a similar ensemble from the same school in the previous year, unless half the members of the group did not participate in the ensemble the previous year. e. Direction.-Ensembles shall perform without direction by either an adult or a student director. f. Accompaniment.-Accompaniment is not required hut must he by piano when used. 34. Approved Ensemble Events.­ Band I. Woodwind Trio 11. French Horn Quartet 2. Woodwind Quartet 12. Brass Quartet 3. Flute Quartet 13. Brass Quintet 4. Mixed Clarinet Quartet 14. Brass Sextet 5. B-Flat Clarinet Quartet 15. Trumpet Quartet-Trio 6. Woodwind Quintet (with or without acc.) 7. Misc. Woodwind Ensemble 16. Misc. Brass Ensemble 8. Saxophone Quartet 17. Xylophone-Marimba 9. Saxophone Sextet 18. Drum Ensemble 10. Trombone Quartet Orchestra 19. String Trio (Violin, 22. String Sextet Cello and Piano) 23. Mixed-String Trio 20. String Quartet 24. Mixed-String Quartet 21. String Quintet (with or without piano acc.) Vocal 25. Mixed Ensemble 27. Boys Ensemble 26. Girls Ensemble Miscellaneous Competition 28. Baton Twirling (Trios, quartets, quintets and sextets only.) Special Rules Governing Organization Events 35. Number of Events.-Competition will be organized at each Regional Competition-Festival in the following organization events: a. Band d. Boys' Chorus b. Orchestra e. Girls' Chorus c. Mixed Choru.s f. String Orchestra 36. Qualification.-Any band, orchestra or choir from a school unit which is a paid member of the League and which has filed a music acceptance card with the State Office prior to December 1 of the year of competition may be entered directly in the Regional Competition-Festival. All members of the competing organization must be eligible under the requirements listed in Rule 7 of this bulletin. 37. Entry in Regional Competition.-Schools entering organizations in the Regional Competition-Festival will prepare duplicate entry blanks. The original copy will be mailed to the Regional Contest Director accompanied by a check covering the prescribed entry fees. This blank must be postmarked no later than twenty-one days preceding the announced date for the com­petition. Duplicate entry blanks must be mailed to the State Office at the same time originals are mailed to Regional headquarters. No check will accompany duplicate blanks to the State Office. These regulations apply to all organizational entries including marching competition which may be held in the Fall of the year. After the State Office has checked duplicate entry blanks a certification on each entry will be mailed to the Regional Contest Chairman. Regional Contest Direct6rs are instructed not to enter any organization if a certifi· cation has not been received from the State Office. 38. Performance Regulations.-All organizations must perform for rat­ings and conform with the following miscellaneous requirements: a. Program.­ ( I) Band: Each band entering a Competition-Festival shall perform any two numbers appearing on the lists prescribed for the classification chosen. The band shall also perform a march of the director's own selection. All organizations shall be required to sight read. (2) Orchestra: Each orchestra entering a Competition-Festival is to per­form any two numbers appearing on the list prescribed for the classification chosen plus a third number for string orchestra selected from any source. All organizations shall be required to sight read. ( 3) Vocal: Each choral group entering a meet is to perform any two numbers prescribed for the classification chosen to enter plus a third number of the director's selection from any source. One of the three numbers must be performed without accompaniment and all three may be. All numbers must be sung from memory. All choral groups are required to sight read one number. This number shall be read twice, first with the accompaniment and second without accompaniment. The director and ac· companist will not be permitted to sing with the group unless they are eligible under Article VIII of the Constitution and Rules. b. Required Music.-Prescribed lists from which required numbers are to be taken will be constructed by appointed committees of music instructors prior to and at called meetings to be held during the summer months. The prescribed lists will be available in the early fall preceding the Com· petition-Festival. An organization may not perform a number used by that group during the preceding three years. Organizations which do not conform to music requirements shall be pro· hibited from participating in Competition-Festivals. c. Sight Reading.-All organizations will be required to enter a sight read­ing contest. Ratings received in sight reading will be published as a separate contest and will not affect the ratings received in the concert performance. Information concerning the acquisition and cost of the sight reading music will be sent to the Contest and Regional Executive Chairmen prior to the competition. Sight reading will be judged on accuracy of reading and flexibility in fol­lowing the director. All choral groups shall read the sight reading selection two times, first with the accompaniment and second without accompaniment. The procedures for conducting sight reading contests as outlined in the bulletin, Sight Reading Contests published by the National Interscholastic Music Activities Association shall be followed in conducting Regional con­tests. d. Performing Time.-The total performing time for orchestras and bands shall not exceed 30 minutes including time required to set up and clear the stage. Choruses shall not consume more than 15 minutes including entering and clearing the stage. e. Scores.-Directors shall supply each judge with a conductor's score of the numbers to be performed with the measures numbered. Judges are directed to delay the performance until such scores have been supplied. £. lnstrumentation.-While judges shall be instructed to criticize instru­mentation only in so far as it affects the balance and general effect of the performance, schools are encouraged to begin building their organizations to conform as closely as possible with accepted standards of instrumentation. The following patterns are suggested: Orchestra 16 14 First Violins Second Violins 8 2 String Basses Flutes 10 8 2 2 4 Violas Violoncellos Oarinets Bassoons French Horns 2 1 4 1 Oboes Tuba (perferably BB­F1at) Percussion (including timpani) Harp (where called for in score) 2 3 Trumpets or Cornets Trombones 79 Band 8 Flute (one or two interchangeable with piccolo) 1 E-Flat Clarinet (may be replaced by an E-Flat Flute or an additional C-Flute) 24 B-Flat Oarinets 4 Alto Clarinets 4 Bass Clarinets 1 Contra-Bass Clarinet 2 Oboes 4 Bassoons 8 Saxophones (including 4 altos, 2 tenor and 2 baritone) 8 Comets 2 Trumpets 8 French Horns 4 Baritones 9 Trombones (Third trombones may be Bass) 2 E-Flat Tubas 4 BB-Flat Tubas 1 Timpani 3 Other Percussion 1 Harp (if called for in score) 1 String Bass 99 Rules for Special Contests 39. Marching Contest.­ a. Marching contests will be held in each Region. (While bands are not required to enter, they are encouraged to do so in order to promote a well­balanced program of band activity.) b. The time for the marching contest will be set by the Regional Executive Committee. c. Each member-school will be allowed one entry of the designated classi­fication in the marching contest. d. Each organization must perform the required movements and special formations within 8 minutes from the time of entering the parade field. It shall be the duty of the contest chairman to provide an adequate warning signal at the end of 7 minutes. Any band failing to be off the parade space at the end of 8 minutes shall be penalized one rating. e. Required Movements.­I) Forward march-step off 2) Halt while playing; continue to play 3) Either: column right, or column left-while playing 4) Counter march-while playing 5) Increase front-while playing from standard band formation maintaining forward motion. (This maneuver has been defined as increasing the distance between files of marchers rather than in· creasing the number of marchers in a rank.) 6) Decrease front-while playing from standard band formation maintaining forward motion. (This maneuver has been defined as decreasing the distance between files of marchers rather than de­creasing the number of marchers in a rank.) 7) Either: Right Oblique and Left Oblique while playing, or Right Flank and Left Flank while playing 8) Start and cease playing-while marching. (The basic step of the band should not be less than 227'2 inches . . . eight steps to five yards.) f. Special Formations.-Each organization may perform such formations or drill as it selects provided it does not exceed the maximum time allowed for performance. g. lnspection.-lnspection will be made a part of the Marching Contest and will be held immediately preceding entry to the parade field. Bands will be inspected for: 1) Neatness and uniformity of dress. (No jewelry except rin~. watches, medals.) 2) Condition of instrument 3) Accomplishment of stationary commands to include: (a) Right Face (c) About Face (e) Rest (b) Left Face (d) At Ease (f) Attention 4) Alertness to instructions. 40. Snare Drum Competition.­ a. Competition for snare drum shall be offered for both soloists and ensembles. An ensemble shall consist of from three to eight performers. Three classes of competition shall be held in both divisions, Class I, Class II and Class III. For a definition of these classes see Rule 20. b. To be eligible to participate in solo or ensemble competition in the Regional Competition-Festival, students must comply with Rules 18-25 of the Music Section. c. The required selections to be performed by all classes of soloists and ensembles will be published in the early fall preceding the District Au· ditions. Students who fail to perform one of the numbers appearing on the prescribed lists will be prohibited from entering the Regional Competition. Festival. The required work for this contest shall be based on the first thirteen of the twenty-six essential rudiments of the National Association of Rudimental Drummers' examination requirements. Required rudiments shall consist of any five of these which may be selected by the judge. In addition to these requirements, the soloist or ensemble shall be judged on the following points: ( 1) Interpretation and execution of the selected solo. (2) Proper position of drummer, drum and sticks; and the proper technique of drumming. (3) Performance of a short sight.reading exercise. 41. Twirling Competition.­ a. Competition in twirling shall be offered for both soloists and en­sembles. An ensemble shall consist of trios, quartets, quintets and sextets. Only two classes of competition will be held in twirling: (1) High School and (2) Junior High School. b. To be eligible to participate in twirling solo or ensemble competition, students must ·~omply with Rules 18-25 of the Music Section; conform to the special rules in this section and be a member of a currently competing marching band. c. Performance time for this event shall be limited to six minutes. d. Each contestant sha!~ perform each of the following movements: a. Beating time. b. Wrist twirl (both hands). c. Figure eight twirl (waist high, both hands). d. Cart wheel. e. Finger twirl (both hands, four fingers either continuous or inter­rupted). f. ,Two-handed twirl. g. Pass around back. h. Aerial work (as selected). i. Special work (as selected). j. Salute. 42. Student Conductor Competition.­ a. Student conductor competition may be conducted for students in band, orchestra or choir. It is most frequently confined to band competition. b. Student conductors shall be prepared to conduct all or any part of one number. The prescribed number to be used by band student conductors is selected by the band music selection committee and appears in the bulletin which contains the prescribed lists of music. Choral and orchestra student conductors may select their own numbers. c. The student conductor shall be prepared to conduct: (1). 2-4 Rhythm (2). 3-4 Rhythm ( 3) . 4-4 Rhythm (4). 6-8 Rhythm ( 5) . Sub-divided beats d. Entry in this event is limited to two students per competing organiza· ti on. e. The time, place and manner of conducting this contest will be deter­mined by the Regional Contest Chairman. Elementary School Area Music Meets As a method of avoiding the confusion which has resulted from sponsor­ing similar music competition for elementary schools in different locations at about the same time of year, The University Interscholastic League has chosen to set up all music competition for elementary schools at an area elementary school music meet. All phases of music competition formerly classified as Conference Eat the Regional Music Competition-Festival, band, orchestra, chorus, instrumental and vocal solos and ensembles, and twirling, will be offered in essentially the same form at the area elementary school music meet. Choral Singing and Music Appreciation contests formerly held in con­junction with the county grade school meet will be offered only at the area elementary school music meet. Schools will be assigned to areas according to the membership rolls of The University Interscholastic League. Only elementary schools which have registered as members of the League prior to January 15 will be eligible to participate in this music competition. A special bulletin outlining the rules of competition and suggested plan of organization plus the prescribed lists of music for organization events will be sent to registered schools on request. Address your request to Music, Box 8028, University Station, Austin 12, Texas. Rules for Athletic Contests The first high-school athletic contest to be held under the supervision of The University of Texas was an invitation track and field meet held on April 29, 1905. Through the leadership of the athletic staff of the Uni­versity this event became an annual affair. On May 6, 1911, principals and superintendents met in Austin at the annual track and field meet and offi­cially organized the University Interscholastic Athletic Association. The purpose of the Association as stated in the Constitution was as follows: "The object of the Association shall be the promotion, improvement and regulation of athletic sports in the secondary schools of Texas." On May 3, 1913, the Debating and Declamation League of Texas Schools, a literary organization sponsored by The University of Texas, which had been organized December, 1910, and The University Interscholastic Athletic Association, were merged to form The University Interscholastic League of Texas. The purpose of the athletic program as it is now sponsored by The University of Texas Interscholastic League is as follows: 1. To assist, advise and aid the public schools in organizing and con­ducting inter-school athletic contests. 2. To devise and prepare eligibility rules that will equalize and stimulate wholesome competition between schools of similar rank, and reinforce the curricular program. 3. To equalize and regulate competition so that the pupils, schools and communities may secure the greatest social, educational and rec­reational returns from the contests. 4. To help the schools make athletics an integral part of the educational program. 5. To preserve the game for the contestant and not sacrifice the contestant to the game. 6. To promote the spirit of sportsmanship and fair play in all contests. 7. To promote among the players, schools and communities a spirit of friendly rivalry and a respect for the rules of the contests. The League is vitally interested in the welfare of every boy and girl par­ticipating in the athletic contests. To protect the physical well-being of the contestants it is being urged that every contestant be given a thorough medi­cal examination by his family physician before participating in the athletic gamea and contests of the League. The Athletic Benefit Plan In accordance with the recommendations of the State Meeting of Delegates at the annual meeting on May 4, 1940, the State Executive Committee has incorporated into the athletic section of the Constitution and Rules an Ath­letic Benefit Plan. The purpose of the Benefit Plan is to assist League members, who have athletic teams participating in interscholastic athletics, to meet the costs of injuries incurred by team members injured during practice or games spon­sored by the school. It is also believed that the inauguration of the insurance program will lead to the development of a safer game for the reason that it will cause coaches and administrators to become "safety minded." The Athletic Benefit Plan is available to all member-schools on the basis of the provisions and rates incorporated into the insurance contract. Schools purchase the policy from the "Home Office" of the insurance company and not from the Office of the League. The insurin~ company has set up the general regulations governing the settlement of claims and payment of benefits. These provisions are a part of the insurance policy and schools insuring with the company should familiarize themselves with all details of the contract. The State Executive Committee examined the several contracts submitted by insurance companies, and after careful investigation selected the policy prepared by Security Life & Accident Insurance Company of Denver, Colorado, for the 1956-57 school year. The schedule of benefits in the policy was prepared bv a committee of Texas public school men. The committee of Texas school men studied the various state plans in operation throughout the Nation and finally adopted the accident fee schedule outlined in the policy. The benefits of the League plan are as liberal as those of other states and in line with the fees that are necessary to meet the costs of injuries in Texas. 1. A school must be a member of The University Interscholastic League, and dues for the current year be paid in accordance with Article III, Sec­tion 2. 2. In order to be eligible for the Athletic Accident Benefits a pupil must be regularly enrolled in a school which is a member of the League. 3. All benefit checks will be paid in accordance with the provisions in the insurance contract. 4. The Benefit Plan is entirely voluntary. 5. Each pupil insured under the Plan should have a thorough physical examination before participating in a practice or a game. 6. It must he clearly understood by pupils, parents or guardians and member-schools that participation in the Athletic Benefit Plan shall not he construed as an acknowledgment by schools themselves or The University Interscholastic League of liability for injuries incurred in athletic com· petition by pupils participating in the Plan. 7. A sample copy of the insurance policy may he secured by writing to Security Life and Accident Insurance Company of Denver, Colorado. Football Plan The Football Code.-The football code means to play' the game in the spirit of fairness and clean sportsmanship; to observe all rules and not attempt to hold, "heat the ball," or coach from the side lines because it can be done without the knowledge of the referee, or to resort to trickery in equipping or preparing players. It means to accept decisions of officials without protest; to see that officials are extended protection and courtesy by players, school personnel, and laymen; to treat your opponents as your guests, and to put clean play and real sportsmanship above victories. It means the ability to win without boasting and to lose without grudge. "Vic­tory is no great matter. The important thing in sport is the manly striving to excel and the good feeling it fosters between those who play fair and have no excuse when they lose." The development and recreative aspects of football should he strongly emphasized in all contests. It shall he considered dishonorable and contrary to good sportsmanship to withhold evidence against any' player or school without presenting the same to the pr6per committee or to the school ad­ministration concerned. 1. Eligible Schools.-Only Senior High Schools are eligible in football. No school shall participate in League football unless its acceptance of this plan is on file in the State Office by September 10. The application for membership in the Football Plan by the superintendent or principal shall be authorized and approved by the local school board of trustees. A school which does not participate in football after signing the accept­ance card may be suspended in this activity for a period of one year, unless sufficient justification is shown for not entering a team. A school which participates in another state high school league in football shall be sus­pended in this activity for a period of one year. A non-participating school the preceding year desiring to participate shall so notify the State Office one year in advance. Effective with the 1956-57 school year, any school assigned to a football district must complete their district schedule and compete for district honors. Schools participating in football for the first time may be assigned their first season to a district on a non-honor basis. 2. Employment of Football Coaches.-A school is not eligible for Inter­scholastic League football competition, (1) Whose head coach or whose assistant coach is not a full-time em­ployee (this rule shall not affect the status of a coach on a leave of absence attending college) of the school board of tl].e school which the team repre­sents. "Full-time" means full-time for the whole scholastic or calendar year; or (2) Which contracts to pay its football coach out of gate receipts, or which draws its contract with its coach in such a way as to make it to the immediate financial advantage of a coach to win games. a. It would be against the rule for a contract to be based upon a per­centage of the gate receipts. b. It would be desirable for the salary to be fixed at the beginning of the year, and to include no provision for bonus. c. The salary of the coach should be pai,d from funds under the complete control of the school board, and disbursed to the coach in the regular way in which the other salaries are disbursed. d. Any contract which makes it to the immediate financial interest of a coach to win a game would be in violation at least of the spirit of the rule which has been adopted. 3. Conferences.-Participating high schools shall be divided into con­ ferences for the 1956-57 and 1957-58 school years as follows: Conference AAAA ------------------------------------------845 and up Conference AAA ------------------------------------------·-370 to 845 Conference AA ................................................ 200 to 370 Conference A ........................... ....................... 120 to 200 Conference B .............................................. 119 and under A high school with less than 100 may enter a team in Six-Man Football. High schools must play in the conference for which their "average mem­bership" qualifies them and there shall be no exceptions to this procedure. Member-schools shall be classified for competition in football on the basis of the number enrolled in the last four grades in high school as de­termined by the figures given in "Average Membership" of the Superin­tendent's Annual Report, and there shall be no exception to this procedure. The 1954.--55 "Average Membership" shall be used for assigning schools for the 1956--57 and 1957-58 school years. Schools shall be assigned for a period of two years in the same district and conference in football and these assignments shall commence on even numbered years. Only newly created schools and consolidated schools can be assigned to a conference on a one-year basis during odd numbered years. 4. Districts.-The State shall he divided into districts for Conferences AAAA, AAA, AA, and A, and competition shall include a State Champion­ship. Announcements concerning the arrangement of all Conferences having State Championship run-offs will he issued during the season. Conference B and Six-Man football districts will be arranged for a regional play-off but competition shall not extend further than a regional championship. Usually five to eight schools compose a district. Schools are assigned to districts by the State Office. The list of district chairmen, their addresses and district numbers, will be mailed out to member-schools during the early part of September of each year. It shall be the duty of the superintendent, principal, or coach in each school com· peting under this plan, to inform himself regarding the district chairman, time of meeting, etc. If the chairman moves from the district without calling a meeting, each school in the district has a responsibility to notify the State Office so that another chair· man may be named. 5. District Organization (Conferences AAAA, AAA, AA, A, and B and Six-Man Football) .-The Chairman of the old District Executive Com­mittee shall serve as temporary chairman for the district and he shall call a meeting of all participating schools in the district, preferably in the spring but in any case not later than Saturday following the third Monday in Sep­tember. (The State Executive Committee urges the District Chairman to call his organization meeting in the spring.) At this meeting a District Execu· tive Committee shall be created composed of superintendents or principals from participating schools. Each participating school present shall have one vote. At least two alternates (must be superintendent or principal) should be elected to serve in case members of the committee are disqualified. If only one member is disqualified the first-named alternate should serve. A mem­ber of the committee shall be disqualified to act in a case in which his school is one of the two involved. In each new district, and in case of vacancies, a temporary chairman shall be appointed by the State Office. It shall be the duty of the Chairman to call the organization meeting. 6. Duties of District Executive Committee.-lt shall be the duty of the District Executive Committee: a. To enforce all rules and regulations, to settle all disputes and all question of eligibility arising inside the district. There shall be no appeal from any decision rendered by this committee. b. To certify to the State Office an eligible district champion not later than the date prescribed on the League Calendar for such certification, after which the committee's functions cease. In case of dispute, certification to the State Office shall be in the form of a written notice naming the eligible school and must be signed by a majority of the members of the District Executive Com­mittee; provided the State Committee shall have the authority to reject for inter-district competition any football team whose District Committee has adopted any rule or regulation limiting the eligibility of players beyond the requirement set forth in the Constitution and Rules and the Football Plan. The District Ex­ecutive Committee must certify an eligible champion without any conditions attached to this certification. c. To arrange a round-robin schedule in the district to close not later than the date designated in the 1956--57 League Calendar for each respective conference. In districts that have more than ten participating schools sub-districts shall be created, in which case round-robin schedules shall be arranged in the sub-districts to close in sufficient time to schedule an elimination game or series so that the district championship may be determined by the proper time. Districts with fewer than ten schools may be sub· divided. The subdivisions of a district shall contain an equal number of teams, or as nearly equal as can be; e.g., a district having seven teams shall be divided on a 3-4 basis. d. To investigate and check the eligibility of players in the district and to furnish to member-schools in the district a list of eligible players submitted by each school and to investigate transfers with a view to determining whether or not transfers are bona fide. In case the transfer is not considered bona fide by the District Committee, it shall have the power to declare the contestant in question ineligible for football. e. To uphold the principle that high-school football is worth while in the school as an educational force when properly controlled. Efforts on the part of any school official or local "fan" to recruit players shall be considered a violation of this principle and shall subject the school at fault to disqualification. Disqualification may be made by the committee after the school concerned has been given an opportunity to be heard in its own defense. When a school is disqualified it shall remain on the disqualified list until the superintendent has convinced the committee that the errors complained of have been removed and that he, the superin· tendent, can guarantee the proper conduct of football in his school. 7. Expenses of District Committee.-The District Executive Committee has authority to outline and put into operation a plan for financing its meetings under the following restriction: if the assessment plan is used the assessment for any school shall not exceed one-half of its regular League membership fee. The failure of a school promptly to pay its assessment, after having been notified, shall subject it to a penalty of elimination from consideration for district honors. If a school refuses or fails to pay its assess­ment after the close of the season, it may be debarred from participation the following year or until the amount is paid. At the close of the season the District Executive Committee shall furnish each participating school in the district a financial statement showing all receipts and disbursements for the season. 8. District Disqua/,ification.-A district shall be disqualified in the Re­gional or State race, if its committee certifies to the State Office a team which has used an ineligible player in any game that counted on League standing, such disqualification to be made only upon presentation of evi­dence to the State Executive Committee. If a football team is certified as district champion which has used a contestant not eligible under Interscholastic League rules the State Executive Committee has juris· diction under Rule 8 of the Football Plan to re-determine questions of eligibility, Rule 6a of the Football Plan having applicability only to intradistrict competition. 9. Eliminations.-Conferences AAAA, AAA, AA, and A district cham· pions are bracketed for elimination play to a State Championship on a weekly schedule beginning the first week-end after the specified date for determining district champions. State elimination games may not be sched­uled earlier than the first week-end after the certification date for district champions. Conference B district champions are bracketed for a regional championship to be concluded not later than the second week-end after dis· trict championships are determined. Six-man district champions are bracketed for a regional championship to be concluded not later than the second week-end after district champion­ships are determined. 10. Jurisdiction of Inter-district Disputes.-The State Executive Com· mittee shall have jurisdiction in all disputes arising between district winners that have been duly certified. 11. Number of Games.-Between September 14 and November 24, inclusive, in Conferences AAAA and AAA no boy shall participate in more than ten games and, in addition, he shall not be permitted to take part in more than one game during any given period of five days. Between Sep· tember 7 and November 17, inclusive, in Conferences AA, A, B and Six· Man football, no boy shall participate in more than ten games and, in addition, he shall not be permitted to take part in more than one game during any given period of five days. The five-day period is considered as being within five calendar days. 12. Games That Count on Percentage.-Interconference or inter-district games between participating schools shall not count on a team's percentage. A defeat by a non-participating Texas high school, except by a junior high school or dormitory school, regardless of size or date, shall eliminate from the District, State, or Regional race. A defeat by a school not eligible to membership in the League shall not count. 13. A Practice Scrimmage.-A scrimmage or practice period to which no admission is charged, which is not on an announced schedule and which is not regularly conducted by an official or officials shall not count as a game. 14. Tie Games.-In inter-district elimination contests a team shall re· ceive one point for each time it penetrates its opponent's 20-yard line. In the meaning of this provision, a team has penetrated its opponent's 20-yard line when the ball has been declared dead legally in its possession inside the opponent's 20-yard line. It is understood that only one penetration may be counted during one continuous possession of the ball. A play from outside the 20-yard line which results in a touchdown shall count one penetration. If this plan shall fail to determine a winner, the team that has made the greater number of first downs shall proceed in the race. A first down shall be counted when the required distance has been made. If the two teams are still tied after counting first downs, the one that has gained the most net yardage from scrimmage shall be declared winner. For most purposes the 20-yard penetration rule merely shortens the field and creates a second goal line. Whenever a ball is declared dead, legally in the possession of a team behind the goal line, that team is awarded points. The same principle should be followed in awarding points for penetrating the 20-yard line. Whenever a team has penetrated its opponent's 20-yard goal line and the ball has been declared dead, legally in its possession inside the 20-yard line, that team is entitled to one point. A penetration on the fourth down shall be counted provided the team has legal possession of the ball at the time it is declared dead by the referee inside the 20-yard line. It shall be the duty' of the referee of the game to interpret and enforce this rule and his decision is final. The game officials are to keep a record of the number of penetrations, first downs, and yardage from scrimmage and make a report to each school in case of a tie. Points thus made are, of course, not considered unless the game results in a tie. It is simply a method of breaking a tie, not in any sense a new method of scoring. Unless mutually agreeable otherwise in advance of the game, this rule shall apply in the Regional and State Championship games. 15. Breaking Contracts.-A game cancelled after contract has been signed, unless both parties agree to the cancellation, shall be forfeited to the team not at fault. The District Executive Committee may recommend to the State Executive Committee the suspension of a school for canceling regularly scheduled conference games for the purpose of playing non·conference or out-of-dis­trict games, and the State Committee may suspend a school for such can­cellation. 16. Reports.-Each team shall make a complete report (forms furnished by the League) of every game in duplicate immediately after the game. One report shall be sent to the State Office and one to the Chairman of the District Committee. The District Committee may disqualify a team for its failure promptly to report its games. It will be noticed that this rule gives the District Committee authority to interpret the word "promptly." 17. Observe Rules.-Only male students satisfying all the requirements of Article VIII of this Constitution are eligible in football. In case an in­eligible man is used in any League game, knowingly or unknowingly, the minimum penalty shall be forfeiture of the game. 18. Football Code.-By accepting this plan, the coach and other officials of each school pledge themselves to act in the spirit of the "Football Code" and to foster this spirit among the players. It is recommended that the home team provide four deputized men to be placed in each corner of the playing field for the purpose of helping insure proper conduct of fens and of providing an escort for the game officials while they are serving in an official capacity. Also, that each member-school construct a fence around the playing field to restrain the crowd and to keep them from moving out on the field. Further, that the public address system at the game be used to explain to the fans the meaning of the Football Code and the fact that the Code binds the fans of both insti­tutions to abide by the decisions of officials; that at the beginning of each game the officials be introduced as guests of both teams. 19. Eligibility Blanks and Season Report.-Each school shall fill out an eligibility blank in duplicate furnished by the League, these blanks to be signed by superintendent or principal, one mailed to the State Office, and one filed with the Chairman of the District Executive Committee, before the school is allowed to take part in any game. Failure to furnish correct and complete information shall constitute grounds for suspension. At the end of the season the superintendent or principal of each school shall send to the State Office a list of all players who have participated in football during the season as representatives of the school. Failure to submit a correct and complete list shall constitute grounds for suspension. 20. Guarantees.-The visiting team always has the right to demand a guarantee sufficient to cover all expenses and in addition 50 per cent of the net gate receipts of the contest. A demand of a flat guarantee which is clearly in excess of expenses, shall upon action of the State or District Executive Committee, disqualify of· fending team for further participation. [Note.-In this connection, expenses of visiting teams, officials, adver· tising, labor, services, and printing incident to the contest, shall be con­sidered as expenses of the game. These expenses shall be itemized with sup­porting bills, properly' receipted. Number of men allowed upon expense account shall be agreed upon by coaches or managers of teams involved. Unless mutually agreeable otherwise, the home team shall furnish a playing field without cost to the visiting school.] Proceeds from the sal,e vf season tickets are considered a part of the receipts of the game. 21. Officials.-All officials must be satisfactory to both parties and agreed upon in advance. Teams are urged always to secure outside officials. The visiting team should insist upon an agreement on officials prior to the day of the game. A school that refuses to play a game because the officials agreed upon have not been secured shall not be considered as breaking its contract. The responsibility to engage satisfactory officials is upon the home school. Beginning a game with an official constitutes agreement. 22. Place of Game.-Unless mutually agreeable otherwise, the place for playing a game within the district shall be determined on the "home and home" basis for the past six years, except in a State or Regional elimination game the place shall be determined on the basis of the last game (within six years) between the two schools which counted on League standing. The team that was the visiting team the last time the two teams met on a home field may insist upon the game being played upon its home field, except as pro­vided above. The home team may designate the day for the game. Starting time of the game shall be by mutual consent, or in case ·of disagreement by the decision of the District Executive Committee. In case of disagreement between two teams that have had no football re· lations during the past six years, the place shall be decided by tossing a coin. The State Executive Committee, in December, 1940, ruled that the word "years" in this rule should be taken to mean football seasons. In other words, games are to be settled on a home and home basis within the past six "football seasons." For illustration: any game played prior to the 1935 season has no bearing upon this rule since it is outside of the last six football seasons. Seasons are counted as follows: 1940-1, 1939-2, 1938-3, 1937--4,193~. 1935--6. In 1935 Teani A and Team B were in the same football district. Team A played Team B on Team B's home field. The following year Team A and Team B were placed in separate districts. In 1940 Team A and Team B won their respective district champion· ships. The Committee ruled that next game should be played on Team A's field. 23. Seven and One-half Per Cent Inter-district Receipts.-Seven and one­half per cent of the gross receipts of inter-district games in the State Cham­pionship races shall be paid to the State Office to maintain a fund for investi­gating eligibility questions and to supplement printing, salary, office ap­propriations relating to football, rebates to State Meets and for the purchase of medals, trophies and awards in Interscholastic League State Meets. The radio broadcast receipts and the telecasting receipts are to be considered a part of the game receipts in all inter-district games. 24. Protests.-All protests must be made to the proper committee within twenty-four hours after the game is played, except that a protest based on the alleged ineligibility of a player may be made at any time; provided, it is made immediately upon discovery of the facts on which the protest is based. Protests must be made in writing and signed by superintendent or principal. A protest based on an official's decision will not be considered. In passing upon eligibility of players the District Committee acts in a judicial capacity. A proper judicial approach involves reasonable notice (i.e., sufficient to permit an answer to charges made or issues raised), an opportunity for a fair hearing, and an unbiased decision based upon the evidence presented. 25. School Authorities Responsible.-Responsibility for the proper con­duct of football in a school system shall rest with the superintendent. All contracts and arrangements for games shall be made between superintend­ents and principals. The control and management of all games shall be under the supervision of the superintendent or principal. 26. Trophy for State Champion.-A regulation-size silver football will be awarded to the school that wins the State Championship under this plan; and a smaller trophy for the runner-up. 27. No Inter-school Spring Scrimmage or Football Games.-No member­school shall play any football game, practice, or scrimmage with another high school after February 1. The penalty for violation of this rule shall be assessed by the State Executive Committee. 28. Schedule of Maximum Fees for Officials.-The following are the maximum amounts that may be paid to any one official as a fee for officiating in a League game: Receipts Fee Ifup to $100 --------------------------------------------------------·-$ 7.50 If $100 to $200 --------·--·--------------------------··---------------10.00 If $200 to $500 -------------------------------------------------------15.00 If $500 to $1,000 ··-------------------·------------------------------20.00 If$1,000 to $2,000 -------------------------------------------------25.00 If$2,000 to $3,000 --------------------------------------------------30.00 If $3,000 to $4,000 ----------------------------------------------·· 35.00 If$4,000 to $5,000 --------------------·-----------------------------40.00 If$5,000 to $10,000 -----------------------------------------------45.00 If $10,000 or above ----·---------------------------------------·· 50.00 The District Executive Committee may in emergency cases modify the provisions of this section for application inside its district on an individual game basis. It is recommended that four officials be assigned for all games which count on League standing. Allowable Maximum Expenses for Officiating For one official 6c a mile for total mileage; for two officials traveling to­gether by automobile 7c a mile; for three officials traveling together by automobile 8c a mile. Expenses for local entertainment, defined as follows: Taxi fare to and from ball field, if used; local meals as agreed upon and as arranged for by school authorities; hotel room, if required, to be secured and paid for by local school authorities. No other items are to be included in an expense account of officials, and neither fees nor expenses for officials shall be supplemented from any source. Violation of the rules governing the employment and pay of football officials shall carry the same penalty as the violation of any eligibility rule; that is, forfeiture of the game. In emergency cases, if the rules in regard to fees of officials are violated by a member-school, the facts shall be reported to the District Executive Committee at a meeting to be called as soon as possible after the game to decide on the merits of the case and to apply the penalty; or, ifan emergency is proved, to waive the penalty. T,b.e District Committee may declare that, in its judgment, an emergency' arose, and, therefore, waive the penalty. 29. Playing Rules.-"The 1956 National Collegiate Athletic Association Football Rules" with the 1952 NCAA Substitution Rule, shall govern all League football games. 30. Football Practice Periods.-ln Conferences AAAA and AAA spring football practice or training shall be limited to twenty-one consecutive cal­endar days, and there shall be no football practice or training, and no foot­ball equipment issued, from the close of the spring training period until fall practice. Fall football practice may not begin earlier than one week prior to the first Friday in September but in no instance shall an interschool game be played until the second week end after the beginning of fall practice. In Conferences AA, A, B, and Six-man, no member-school shall permit any football practice or scrimmage after the close of the district schedule except as incident to the football championship play-offs. Fall football prac­tice may not begin earlier than the second Monday prior to the first Friday in September. No interschool game shall be played until the second week end after the beginning of the fall practice period. Football practice or training is interpreted to mean any organized in­struction, drills in calisthenics, or conditioning periods conducted prior to the opening date for fall practice. Football equipment is interpreted to mean the issuing of football shoulder pads, shoes, headgear, football trousers, or any other equipment used primarily for organized football practice. The State Executive Committee on May 24, 1950, discussed the wording <>/ Rule 30 and adopted the following interpretation: that participation in the summer public recreation program by high-school boys wauld not be construed as a violatian of the Football Practice Rule, provided the summer programs are not conducted as condition· ing period for football players; and provided there is no football equipment issued, such as is described in Rule 30 of the Football Plan. A specific grouping of high-school athletes, such as football players, /fir the purpose of conditioning these boys for foot­ball practice would be construed as a violation of the abave desipiated rule. 31. Post-season Games.-No school may engage in any post-season game other than in regular inter-district play-offs scheduled by the League. A post-season football game in Conferences AAAA and AAA is one played between two schools after November 24. A post-season game in Conferences AA, A, B, and Six-man football is one played between two schools after November 17. The penalty for infraction of this rule shall be assessed by the State Executive Committee. 32. Radiobroadcasting and T elecasting.-A Radio Committee appointed in 1939 worked out the plan for broadcasting quarter-final, semi-final and final games. Since that time, a yearly contract has been negotiated by the State Committee, on the basis of competitive bids for the broadcasting and telecasting rights to these games. The broadcasting and telecasting rights granted to the successful bidder are for both "live" and delayed broadcasts and "live" and film telecasts of the games. The contract for broadcasting the football games for the 1956 football season applies only to Conferences AAA and AAAA. Schools in Confer· ences AA, A, B, and Six-man football make their own arrangements for football broadcasts in accordance with the provisions of the contract forms supplied by the State Office. The money received from the broadcasting rights shall be distributed to the eligible participating schools on the following basis: 40 per cent of the total amount is to be distributed equally among the eight teams in quarter· finals; 40 per cent of the total amount to be distributed equally among the four teams in semi-finals; 20 per cent of the total amount to be distributed equally between the two teams in the final game. Telecasting receipts shall be distributed to participating teams on a per· game basis on the same plan as is used for distributing broadcasting receipts. 33. Location of Training Camps.-The football training period shall be held on the campus of the local school or on a site controlled by the school board and lying within the boundaries of the school district. In the judgment of the State Executive Committee it was not the purpose of this rule to prevent occasional scrimmages between neighboring teams which do not involve overnight housing for either team outside its own school district. 34. All-Star Games.-No athletic director, coach, teacher, administrator or school district of a member-school shall at any time assist either directly or indirectly with the coaching, management, direction, selection of players promotion, officiating, or allow public school facilities or equipment to be utilized in any all-star game (exception, Texas Hig4 School Coaches Asso· ciation game), in which one or more of the competing teams is composed of a player or players who, during the previous school year, were members of a high-school football team. Any member high school violating the provisions of this all-star contest rule shall be subject to probation or suspension. Boys' Basketball Plan The Basketball Code.-The basketball code means to play the game in the spirit of fairness and clean sportsmanship; to observe all rules and not attempt to hold, "beat the ball," or coach from the side lines because it can be done without the knowledge of the referee, or to resort to trickery in equipping or preparing players. It means to accept decisions of officials with­out protest and to see that proper precautions are taken for their protection and safety; to treat your opponents as your guests, and to put clean play and real sportsmanship above victories. It means the ability to win without boasting and to lose without grudge. "Victory is no great matter. The im­portant thing in sport is the manly striving to excel and the good feeling it fosters between those who play fair and have no excuse when they lose." 1. Eligible Schools.-No school shall participate in League basketball unless its acceptance of this plan is on file in the State Office by October 15 and the fees are paid by January 15. The application for membership in the Basketball Plan by the Superin­tendent or Principal shall be authorized and approved by the local school board of trustees. A school which does not participate in basketball after signing the ac­ceptance card may be suspended in this activity for a period of one year, unless sufficient justification is shown for not entering a team. A school which participates in another state high-school boys' basketball championship tournament or league shall not be eligible for League mem­bership in boys' basketball for the succeeding year. A non-participating school the preceding year desiring to participate shall so notify the State Office one year in advance. 2. Employment of Basketball Coaches.-A school is not eligible for Interscholastic League basketball competition, (1) Whose head coach or whose assistant coach is not a full-time em­ployee (this rule shall not affect the status of a coach on a leave of absence attending college) of the school board of the school which the team repre· sents. "Full-time" means full-time for the whole scholastic or calendar year; or (2) Which contracts to pay its basketball coach out of gate·receipts, or which draws its contract with its coach in such a way as to make it to the immediate financial advantage of a coach to win games. (See Interpretation under "Rule 2, Football Plan.") 3. Con/erences.-Participating high schools shall be divided into con· ferences as provided in Football Plan, Rule 3. Member schools shall be classified for competition in basketball on the basis of "Average Member­ship" for the last four grades as found in the Superintendent's Annual Re­port, and there shall be no exception to this procedure. 4. Districts.-The State shall be divided into districts for Conferences AAAA, AAA, AA, A, and B, and competition shall include a State Cham· pionship. Announcement concerning the arrangement of all Conference eliminations will be issued during the season. Usually five to eight schools compose a district. Schools are assigned to districts by the State Office. The regional winners in Conferences AAAA and AAA and the regional champions in Conferences AA, A, and B are eligible to compete in the State Championship Basketball Tournament at Austin. Any conference champion that engages in basketball competition with another high school after winning the State Championship shall he sus­pended from the League for the next basketball season. 5. District Organization.-The temporary chairman for the district shall call a meeting of all participating schools in the district, preferably in the early part of September, but in any case not later than Saturday fol­lowing the first Monday in October. At this meeting a District Executive Committee shall be created composed of school superintendents or prin­cipals from participating schools. Each participating school present shall have one vote. At least two alternates should be elected to serve in case members of the committee are disqualified. If only one member is dis­qualified the first-named alternate should serve. A member of the committee shall be disqualified to act in a case in which his school is one of the two involved. In each new district, and in case of vacancies, a temporary chairman shall he appointed by the State Office. It shall be the duty of the chairman to call the organization meeting It shall be the duty of the superintendent, principal, or coach in each school com­peting under this plan, to inform himself regarding the district chairman, time of meeting, etc. If the chairman moves from the district without calling a meeting, each school in the district has a responsibility to notify the State Office so that another chairman may be named. 6. Duties of District Executive Committee.-It shall he the duty of the District Executive Committee: a. To enforce all rules and regulations, to settle all disputes and all questions of eligibility arising inside the district. There shall be no appeal from any decision rendered by this committee. h. To certify to the State Office an eligible district champion on the date set for each respective conference, after which the commit­tee's functions cease. In case of dispute, certification to the State Office shall be in the form of a written notice naming the eligible school and must be signed by a majority of the members of the District Executive Committee; provided the State Committee shall have the authority to reject for inter-district competition any basketball team whose District Committee has adopted any rule or regulation limiting the eligibility of players beyond the re­quirements set forth in the Constitution and Rules and the Basket­ball Plan. c. To arrange a schedule in the district to close not later than the date set for a conference champion to be certified. District games may not be played prior to December 15, 1956, except by unan­imous consent of all district members. It is recommended that when feasible the district schedule be set up on a double round­robin basis. In districts that have more than ten participating schools sub-districts shall be created, in which case schedules shall be arranged in the sub-districts to close in sufficient time to schedule an elimination game or series so that the district cham­pionship may be determined by the proper time. Districts with fewer than ten schools may be subdivided. The subdivisions of a district shall contain an equal number of teams, or as nearly equal as can be; e.g., a district having seven teams shall be divided on a 3-4 basis. d. To investigate and check the eligibility of players in the district and to furnish to member-schools in the district a list of eligible players submitted by each school and to investigate transfers with a view to determining whether or not transfers are bona fide. In case the transfer is not considered bona fide by the District Committee, it shall have the power to declare the contestant in question ineligible for basketball. e. To uphold the principle that high-school basketball is worth while in the school as an educational force when properly controlled. Efforts on the part of any school official or local "fan" to recruit players shall be considered a violation of this principle and shall subject the school at fault to disqualification. Disqualification may be made by the committee after the school concerned has been given an opportunity to be heard in its own defense. When a school is disqualified it shall remain on the disqualified list until the superintendent has convinced the committee that the errors com­plained of have been removed and that he, the superintendent, can guarantee the proper conduct of basketball in his school. 7. Expenses of District Committee.-The District Executive Committee has authority to outline and put into operation a plan for financing its meetings under the following restriction: if the assessment plan is used the assessment for any school shall not exceed one-half of its regular League membership fee. The failure of a school promptly to pay its assessment, after having been notified, shall subject it to a penalty of elimination from con­sideration for district honors. Ifa school refuses or fails to pay its assessment after the close of the season, it may be debarred from participation the fol­lowing year or until the amount is paid. At the close of the season the District Executive Committees shall furnish each participating school in the district a financial statement showing all receipts and disbursements for the season. 8. District Disqualification.-A district shall be disqualified in the State race, if its Committee certifies to the State Office a team which has used an ineligible player in any game that counted on League standing, such dis­qualification to be made only upon presentation of evidence to the State Executive Committee. 9. Eliminations.-District championships in the respective conferences shall be determined by the following dates: Conference AAAA -------------·-·-------·----------·---February 23 Conference AAA ·---··--··· . _ --·· ··-------··--·--­February 23 Conference AA --·---------·-----·----·-·---·--·-·-·----February 23 Conference A ······--·-·---··------··---·------·--· _____ _ February 23 Conference B ·------------·-------·---·---------------___ February 23 Conferences AAAA, AAA, AA, A, and B shall determine a Regional win­ner by March 2. The regional champions in each conference are eligible to compete in the State Championship Basketball Tournament March 7, 8, and 9. A double elimination tournament shall not be used in any League meet except by unanimous consent of participating schools. 10. Jurisdiction of Inter-district Disputes.-The State Executive Com­mittee shall have jurisdiction in all disputes arising between district winners that have been duly certified. 11. Number of Games and Tournaments.-No high-school team shall be eligible for district honors that has violated any portion of this rule. (For definition of a "high-school team" see Article VII, Section 23.) A team which did not win district honors this current year shall be ineligible for district honors for the next basketball season if they violate any section of this rule. (1) No team shall be allowed to enter more than three invitational tournaments prior to the last day for certification of a district champion. (2) No team or boy shall play more than two inter-school basket­ball games per calendar day. 12. Games ThoJ, Count on Percentage.-lnter-conference or inter-district games between participating schools shall not count on a team's percentage. A defeat by a non-participating Texas high school, except by a junior high school or dormitory school, regardless of size or date, shall eliminate from the District, State or Regional race. A defeat by a school not eligible to mem· bership in the League shall not count. 13. A Practice Scrimmage.-A scrimmage or practice period to which no admission is charged, which is not on an announced schedule and which is not regularly conducted by an official or officials shall not count as a game. 14. Regional, Elimination Contests.-Plans for regional play-offs will be issued during the season. All regional games leading to the State series shall be played on a regulation size indoor court and cannot be scheduled prior to dates listed by State Office. In case there is a dispute regarding the site or time of a game it shall be settled by the flip of a coin. Before agreeing on the time and place of the game, schools should decide on the officials to be used and the expenses that are to be allowed each team in putting on the game. 15. Breaking Contracts.-A game cancelled after contract has been signed, unless both parties agree to the cancellation, shall be forfeited to the team not at fault. 16. Observe Rules.-Each school shall observe faithfully all rules con­tained in Article VIII of the Constitution and Rules. In case an ineligible man is used in any League game, knowingly or unknowingly, the minimum pena/,ty shall be forfeiture of the game. 17. Basketball Code.-By accepting this plan, the coach and other offi­cials of each school pledge themselves to act in the spirit of the "Basketball Code" and to foster this spirit among the players. 18. Eligibility Blanks and Season Report.-Each school shall fill out an eligibility blank in duplicate furnished by the League, these blanks to be signed by superintendent or principal, one mailed to the State Office, and one filed with the Chairman of the District Executive Committee, before the school is allowed to take part in any game. Failure to furnish correct and complete information shall constitute grounds for suspension. At the end of the season the superintendent or principal of each school shall send to the State Office a list of all players who have participated in basketball during the season as representatives of the school. Failure to submit a correct and complete list shall constitute grounds for suspension. 19. Guarantees.-The visiting team always has the right to demand a guarantee sufficient to cover all expenses and in addition 50 per cent of the net gate receipts of the contest. A demand of a flat guarantee which is clearly in excess of expenses, shall upon action of the State or District Executive Committee, disqualify offending team for further participation. [NoTE.-ln this connection, expenses of visiting teams, officials, advertis­ing, labor, services, and printing incident to the contest, shall be considered as expenses of the game. Number of men allowed upon expense account shall be agreed upon by coaches or managers of teams involved. Unless mutually agreeable otherwise, the home team shall furnish a playing court without cost to the visiting school.] 20. Ofjicials.-All officials must be satisfactory to both parties and agreed upon in advance. Teams are urged always to secure outside officials. The visiting team should insist upon an agreement on officials prior to the day of the game. A school that refuses to play a game because the officials agreed upon have not been secured shall not be considered as breaking its contract. The responsibility to engage satisfactory officials is upon the home school. Beginning a game with an official constitutes agreement. 21. Place of Game.-The District Executive Committee in arranging a schedule within the district shall determine the place of games in case of disagreement between two teams. 22. Protests.-All protests must be made to the proper committee within twenty-four hours after the game is played, except that a protest based on the alleged ineligibility of a player may be made at any time, provided it is made immediately upon discovery of the facts on which the protest is based. Protests must be made in writing and signed by superintendent or principal. A protest based on an official's decision will not be considered. In passing upon eligibility of players the District Committee acts in a ju­dicial capacity. A proper judicial approach involves reasonable notice (i.e., sufficient to permit an answer to charges made or issues raised), an opportunity for a fair hearing, and an unbiased decision based upon the evidence presented. 23. School Authorities Responsible.-Responsibility for the proper con· duct of basketball in a school system shall rest with the superintendent. All contracts and arrangements for games shall be made between superintend­ents and principals. The control and management of all games shall be under the supervision of the superintendent or principal. 24. Awards for State Tournament.-In the State Tournament a silver trophy is provided for the winning team, a cup for the runner-up, and a shield for the third place team, as well as medals as follows: ten gold medals for the winning team, ten silver medals for the runner-up and ten bronze medals for the third place team. 25. Rebate to the Regional and State T ournaments.-All funds collected from concessions and admissions at the Regional and State Tournaments in excess of the amount necessary to defray the incidental expenses of the meet shall be prorated up to 100 per cent to the contesting teams on the basis of 10 cents per mile, both ways. If after rebate on expenses there is a balance in the fund received from gate receipts and concessions, this balance shall be equally divided among the schools participating in the tournament. 26. State Tournament.-The "draw" for the State Tournament shall be made by the Athletic Director of the League in the presence of witnesses, as soon as regional champions have been determined and reported to the State Office. 27. Breach of Contract.-Any school which qualifies for a District, Re­gional or State play-off in basketball and fails to participate or complete the official schedule of games, unless excused for valid reasons by the State Executive Committee, shall be guilty of a breach of contract. Schools violat­ing the provisions of this rule shall lose all rebate privileges for said tourna­ment and shall be suspended from basketball for a period of not to exceed one calendar year. 28. Number of Games.-No high-school team shall be eligible for dis· trict honors which during any basketball season has competed in more than 24 basketball games, exclusive of games allowed in three invitation basket· ball tournaments and games that count on League standing. 29. Post-Season Participants.-No member of a high-school basketball team shall be allowed to participate as a player on a non-school basketball team following the close of a school's regular season schedule. 30. Radiobroadcasting and Telecasting.-A Radio Committee appointed in 1939 worked out the plan for broadcasting the State Basketball Touma· ment. Since that time, a yearly contract has been negotiated by the State Committee, on the basis of competitive bids for the broadcasting and tele· casting rights to these games. The broadcasting and telecasting rights granted to the successful bidder are for both "live" and delayed broadcasts and "live" and film telecasts of the games. 31. Schedule of Fees.-The following are the maximum amounts that may be paid to any one official as a fee for officiating in a League game. Ifup to $50 One game $ 7.50 Two games 10.00 If $50 to $125 One game 12.50 Two games 15.00 If $125 to $250 One game 15.00 Two games 20.00 If $250 to $500 One game 20.00 Two games 25.00 If $500 to $1,000 One game 30.00 Two games 35.00 If over $1,000 One game 35.00 Two games 40.00 The District Executive Committee may in emergency cases modify the provisions of this section for application inside its district on an individual game basis. It is recommended that two officials be assigned for all games which count on League standing. Allowable Maximum Expenses for Officiating For one official 6c a mile for total mileage; for two officials traveling to­gether by automobile 7c a mile; for three officials traveling together by automobile 8c a mile. Expenses for local entertainment, defined as follows: Taxi fare to and from gymnasium, if used; local meals as agreed upon and as arranged for by school authorities; hotel room, if required, to be secured and paid for by local school authorities. No other items are to be included in an expense account of officials, and neither fees nor expenses for officials shall be supplemented from any source. Violation of the rules governing the employment and pay of basketball officials shall carry the same penalty as the violation of any eligibility rule; that is, forfeiture of the game. In emergency cases, if the rules in regard to fees of officials are violated by a member-school, the facts shall be reported to the District Executive Committee at a meeting to be called as soon as possible after the game to decide on the merits of the case and to apply the penalty; or, if an emergency is proved, to waive the penalty. The District Committee may declare that, in its judgment, an emergency arose, and, therefore, waive the penalty. 32. Playing Rules.-The National Basketball Committee "Official Basketball Rules" govern League basketball. 33. All-Star Games.-No athletic director, coach, teacher, admini­strator, or school district of a member-school shall at any time assist either directly or indirectly with the coaching, management, direction, selection of players, promotion, officiating, or allow public school facilities or equip· ment to be utilized in any all-star game (exception, Texas High School Coaches Association Games and regularly scheduled church and recre­ational league games) in which one or more of the oornpeting teams is composed of a player or players who, during the current school "term" were members of a high-player basketball team. Any member high school violating the provisions of this all-star contest rule shall be subject to pro­bation or suspension. 34. Dates for lnterschool Games and Scrimmages.-In Conferences A, AA, AAA, and AAAA, there shall be no interschool basketball games or scrimmages allowed prior to November 1, 1956 or after March 16, 1957. In Conference B, there shall be no interschool basketball games or scrim­mages allowed prior to October 15, 1956, or after March 16, 1957. Girls' Basketball Plan The Basketball Code.-The basketball code means to play the game in the spirit of fairness and clean sportsmanship; to observe all rules and not attempt to hold, "beat the ball," or coach from the side lines because it can be done without the knowledge of the referee, or to resort to trickery in equipping or preparing players. It means to accept decisions of officials without protest and to see that proper precautions are taken for their protec· tion and safety; to treat your opponents as your guests, and to put clean play and real sportsmanship above victories. It means the ability to win with­out boasting and to lose without grudge. "Victory is no great matter. Theim· port ant thing in sport is the striving to excel and the good feeling it fosters between those who play fair and have no excuse when they lose." L Eligible Schools.-No school shall participate in League basketball unless its acceptance of this plan is on file in the State Office by October 15 and fees are paid by January 15. The application for membership in the girls' basketball plan by the superintendent or principal shall be authorized and approved by the local board of trustees. A school which does not participate in basketball after signing the accept· ance card may be suspended in this activity for a period of one year unless sufficient justification is shown for not entering a team. A school which participates in another state high-school girls' basketball championship tournament or league shall not be eligible for League mem­bership in girls' basketball for the succeeding year. A non-participating school the preceding year desiring to participate shall so notify the State Office one year in advance. 2. Employment of Basketball Coaches.-A school is not eligible for In­terscholastic League basketball competition, ( 1) Whose head coach or whose assistant coach is not a full-time em­ployee (this rule shall not affect the status of a coach on a leave of absence attending college) of the school board of the school which the team repre­sents. "Full-time" means full-time for the whole scholastic or calender year; or (2) Which contracts to pay its basketball coach out of gate-receipts, or which draws its contract with its coach in such a way as to make it to the immediate financial advantage of a coach to win games. (See Interpretation under "Rule 2, Football Plan.") 3. Conferences.-Participating high schools shall be divided into Con· ferences as provided in the Football Plan, Rule 3, except that schools hav­ing over 370 students in high school shall be assigned to Conference AA. Member-schools shall be classified for competition in basketball on the basis of "Average Membership" for the last four grades as found in the Superintendent's Annual Report, and there shall be no exception to this procedure. 4. Districts.-Conferences AA, A, and B districts will be arranged and competition shall extend to a State Championship. A school that has won its district championship is eligible to enter the Regional Tournament which will be held under the direction of the regional athletic director not later than one week prior to the State Tournament. Conferences AA and A shall be merged into one tournament at the regional meet. The regional champions are eligible to compete in the State Championship Basketball Tournament at Austin. Any conference champion that engages in basketball competition with another high school after winning the State Championship shall be sus­pended from the League for the next basketball season. 5. District Organization.-The temporary chairman for the district shall call a meeting of all participating schools in the district, preferably in the early part of September, but in any case not later than Saturday following the first Monday in October. At this meeting a District Executive Committee shall be created composed of school superintendents or principals from participating schools. Each participating school present shall have one vote. At least two alternates should be elected to serve in case members of the committee are disqualified. If only one member is disqualified the first­named alternate should serve. A member of the committee shall be dis­qualified to act in the case in which his school is one of the two involved. In each new district, and in case of vacancies a temporary chairman shall be appointed by the State Office. It shall be the duty of the chairman to call the organization meeting. It shall be the duty of the superintendent, principal, or coach in each school competing under this plan, to inform himself regarding the district chairman, time of meeting, etc. If the chairman moves from the district without calling a meeting, each school in the district has a responsibility to notify the State Office so that another chairman may be named. 6. Duties of District Executive Committee.-lt shall be the duty of the District Executive Committee: a. To enforce all rules and regulations; to settle all disputes and all questions of eligibility arising inside the district. There shall be no appeal from any decision rendered by this committee. b. To certify to the State Office an eligible district champion on the date set for each respective conference, after which the commit­tee's functions cease. In case of dispute, certification to the State Office shall be in the form of a written notice naming the eligible school and must be signed by a majority of the members of the District Executive Committee; provided the State Committee shall have the authority to reject for inter-district competition any basketball team whose district committee has adopted any rule or regulation limiting the eligibility of players beyond the re­quirements set forth in the Constitution and Rules and the Basket­ball Plan. c. To prepare a schedule in the district to close not later than the date set for a conference champion to be certified. It is recom­mended that when feasible the district schedule be set up on a double round-robin basis. In districts that have more than ten participating schools sub-districts shall be created, in which case schedules shall be arranged in the sub-districts to close in suffi­cient time to schedule an elimination game or series so that the district championship may be determined by the proper time. Districts with fewer than ten schools may be subdivided. The subdivision of a district shall contain an equal number of teams, or as nearly equal as can be; e.g., a district having seven teams shall be divided on a 3-4 basis. d. To investigate and check the eligibility of players in the district and to furnish to member-schools in the district a list of eligibl!' players submitted by each school and to investigate transfers with a view to determining whether or not transfers are bona fide. In case the transfer is not considered bona fide by the District Com­mittee, it shall have the power to declare the contestant in ques­tion ineligible for basketball. e. To uphold the principle that high-school basketball is worth while in the school as an educational force when properly controlled. Efforts on the part of any school official or local "fan" to recruit players shall be considered a violation of this principle and shall subject the school at fault to disqualification. Disqualification may be made by the committee after the school concerned has been given an opportunity to be heard in its own defense. When a school is disqualified it shall remain on the disqualified list until the superintendent has convinced the committee that the errors complained of have been removed and that he, the super­intendent, can guarantee the proper conduct of basketball in his school. 7. Expenses of District Committee.-The District Executive Committee has authority to outline and put into operation a plan for financing its meetings under the following restriction: i£ the assessment plan is used the assessment for any school shall not exceed one-half of its regular League membership fee. The failure of a school promptly to pay its assessment, after having been notified, shall subject it to a penalty of elimination from consideration for district honors. If a school refuses or fails to pay its assessment after the close of the season, it may be debarred from participa­tion the following year or until the amount is paid. At the close of the season the District Executive Committee shall furnish each participating school in the district a financial statement showing all receipts and disbursements for the season. 8. District Disqualification.-A district shall be disqualified in the State race if its committee certifies to the State Office a team which has used an ineligible player in any game that counted on League standing, such dis­qualification to be made only upon presentation of evidence to the State Executive Committee. 9. Eliminations.-District championships in the respective conferences shall be determined by the following dates: Conference AA ---·-····-······-·-----·-------···----··--···-··--March 2 Conference A ······-·----·--···-·--·····-··--·-----------···-···· March 2 Conference B ---··--·---·------------·-----------------------···· March 2 Conference AA, A, and B shall determine a regional winner by March 9. The regional champions in each conference are eligible to compete in the State Championship Basketball Tournament March 14, 15, and 16. A double elimination tournament shall not be used in any League meet except by unanimous consent of participating schools. 10. Jurisdiction of Inter-district Disputes.-The State Executive Com­mittee shall have jurisdiction in all disputes arising between district win­ners that have been duly certified. 11. Number of Games and Tournaments.-No high-school team shall be eligible for district honors that has violated any portion of this rule. (For definition of a "high-school team" see Article VII, Section 23.) A team which did not win district honors this current year shall be ineligible for district honors for the next basketball season if they violate any section of this rule. (1) No member-school competing for League honors shall play more than 36 games in a season up to the certifying of the district champion. This shall be all-inclusive and shall include non-district games, invitational tournaments and district games both matched and tournament. The for­feiting of district games in order to play non-district games shall render a school ineligible for district honors. (2) No team shall play more than two matched (as distinguished from tournament) games per week and no team shall be allowed to enter more than three invitational tournaments per season. (3) No team or girl shall play in more than two games per day with at least six hours between the end of the first game and the beginning of the second game. ( 4) No team or girl shall play in a game against a boys' team. 12. Games That Count on Percentage.-lnter-conference or inter-district games between participating schools shall not count on a team's percentage. A defeat by a non-participating Texas high school, except by a junior high school or dormitory school, regardless of size or date, shall eliminate the school so defeated from the District, State or Regional race. A defeat by a school not eligible to membership in the League shall not count. 13. A Practice Scrimmage.-A scrimmage or practice period to which no admission is charged, which is not on an announced schedule and which is not regularly conducted by an official or officials shall not count as a game. 14. Regional Elimination Contests.-Plans for regional play-offs will be issued during the season. All regional games leading to the State series shall be played on a regulation size indoor court and cannot be scheduled prior to dates listed by State Office. In case there is a dispute regarding the site or time of a game it shall be settled by the flip of a coin. Before agreeing on the time and place of the game, schools should decide on the officials to be used and the expenses that are to be allowed each team in putting on the game. 15. Breaking Contracts.-A game cancelled after contract has been signed unless both parties agree to the cancellation, shall be forfeited to the team not at fault. 16. Observe Rules.-Each school shall observe faithfully all rules con­tained in Article VIII of the Constitution and Rules. In case an ineligible girl is used in any league game, knowingly or unknowingly, the minimum penalty shall be forfeiture of the game. 17. Basketball Code.-By accepting this plan, the coach and other offi­cials of each school pledge themselves to act in the spirit of the "Basket­ball Code" and to foster this spirit among the players. 18. Eligibility Blanks and Season Report.-Each school shall fill out an eligibility blank in duplicate furnished by the League, these blanks to be signed by superintendent or principal, one mailed to the State Office, and one filed with the Chairman of the District Executive Committee, before the school is allowed to take part in any game. Failure to furnish correct and complete information shall constitute grounds for suspension. At the end of the season the superintendent or principal of each school shall send to the State Office a list of all players who have participated in basketball during the season as representatives of the school. Failure to submit a correct and complete list shall constitute grounds for suspension. 19. Guarantees.-The visiting team always has the right to demand a guarantee sufficient to cover all expenses and in addition 50 per cent of the net gate receipts of the contest. A demand of a flat guarantee which is clearly in excess of expenses, shall upon action of the State or District Executive Committee, disqualify offending team for further participation. [Note.-ln this connection, expenses of visiting teams, officials, adver­tising, labor, services, and printing incident to the contest, shall be con­sidered as expenses of the game. Number of men allowed upon expense account shall be agreed upon by coaches or managers of teams involved. Unless mutually agreeable otherwise, the home team shall furnish a play­ing court without cost to the visiting school.] 20. Officials.-All officials must be satisfactory to both parties and agreed upon in advance. Teams are urged always to secure outside officials. The visiting team should insist upon an agreement on officials prior to the day of the game. A school that refuses to play a game because the officials agreed upon have not been secured shall not be considered as breaking its contract. The responsibility to engage satisfactory officials is upon the home school. Beginning a game with an official constitutes agreement. 21. Place of Game.-The District Executive Committee in arranging a schedule within the district shall determine the place of games in case of disagreement between two teams. 22. Protests.-All protests must be made to the proper committee within twenty-four hours after the game is played, except that a protest based on the alleged ineligibility of a player may be made at any time; provided, it is made immediately upon discovery of the facts on which the protest is based. Protests must be made in writing and signed by the superintendent or principal. A protest based on an official's decision will not be considered. In passing upon eligibility of players the District Committee acts in a judicial capacity. A proper judicial approach involves reasonable notice (i.e., sufficient to permit an answer to charges made or issues raised), an opportunity for a fair hearing, and an unbiased decision based upon the evidence presented. 23. School Authorities Responsible.-Responsibility for the proper con· duct of basketball in a school system shall rest with the superintendent. All contracts and arrangements for games shall be made between superintend· ents and principals. The control and management of all games shall be under the supervision of the superintendent or principal. 24. Awards for State Tournament.-ln the State Tournament a silver trophy is provided for the winning team, a cup for the runner-up and a shield for the third place team as well as medals as follows: ten gold medals for the winning team, ten silver medals for the runner-up and ten bronze medals for the third place team. 25. Rebate to the Regional and State Tournaments.-All funds collected from concessions and admissions at the Regional and State Tournaments in excess of the amount necessary to defray the incidental expenses of the meet shall be prorated up to 100 per cent to the contesting teams on the basis of 10 cents per mile, both ways. If after rebate on expenses there is a balance in the fund received from gate receipts and concessions, this balance shall be equally divided among the schools participating in the tournament. 26. State Tournament.-The "draw" for the State Tournament shall be made by the Athletic Director of the League in the presence of witnesses, as soon as the regional champions have been determined and reported to the State Office. 27. Breach of Contract.-Any school which qualifies for a District, Re­gional or State play-off in basketball and fails to participate or complete the official schedule of games, unless excused for valid reasons by the State Executive Committee, shall be guilty of a breach of contract. Schools vio· lating the provisions of this rule shall lose all rebate privileges for said tournament and shall be suspended from basketball for a period of not to exceed one calendar year. 28. Medical Certificate.-There shall be on file in each school a medical certificate and a permit from the girl's parents or guardian granting their permission for her to play, for each girl who participates in any game which counts on League standing. 29. Chaperonage.-lt is recommended that in the case of a male coach a woman appointed by school officials be assigned to accompany the team on all trips and at games. 30. Post·Season Participation.-No member of a high-school basketball team shall be allowed to participate as a player on a non-school basketball team following the close of a school's regular schedule. 31. Schedule of Fees.-The schedule of fees as found in the boys' bas­ketball plan, Rule 31, shall be applicable to girls' basketball. 32. Playing Rules.-The NSGWS Official Basketball Rules with modifi­cations approved by the Girls' Basketball Committee shall govern League girls' basketball. Copies of the Official Rules with modifications m,ay be secured from the League office for 35c per copy. 33. All-Star Games.-No athletic director, coach, teacher, admini­strator, or school district of a member school shall at any time assist either directly or indirectly with the coaching, management, direction, selection of players, promotion, officiating, or allow public school facilities or equip· ment to be utilized in any all-star game (exception, Texas High School Coaches Association Games and regularly scheduled church and recre­ational league games) in which one or more of the competing teams is com­posed of a player or players who, during the current school "term" were members of a high school basketball team. Any member high school vio­lating the provisions of this all-star contest rule shall be subject to pro­bation or suspension. 34. Dates for lnterschool Games and Scrimmages.-In Conferences A, AA, AAA, and AAAA, there shall be no interschool basketball games or scrimmages allowed prior to November 1, 1956, or after March 16, 1957. In Conference B, there shall be no interschool basketball games or scrim· mages allowed prior to October 15, 1956, or after March 16, 1957. Tennis 1. Eligibility.-The eligibility rules laid down in Article VIII of the Constitution shall be strictly observed in all tennis contests in this League. 2. Divisions.-There shall he the following divisions in the respective conferences (only juniors in Grade-School meets): (1) Senior boys, singles and doubles; (2) Senior girls, singles and doubles; (3) Junior boys, singles and doubles; (4) Junior girls, singles and doubles. 3. Juniors' Choice.-Juniors may elect to enter the senior division but may not enter both junior and senior divisions. 4. Regional Contests.-The senior winners of first places in district con­tests, singles and doubles, boys and girls, are eligible to enter the regional contests. (See Rule 15 below.) 5. State Contests.-The winning contestants in the regional contests in Conferences B, A, and AA may enter the final State contest. 6. Number of Sets.-ln all matches except the finals in the district, re­gional, and State contests, the best two out of three sets shall determine the winners; in all final matches for boys the best three out of five sets shall determine the winners. In all girls' matches the best two out of three sets shall determine the winners. No player or team shall he required to play more than two matches per day and there shall be a minimum of one hour rest for a team or player between the close of one contest and the beginning of another. 7. How to Enter.-lt shall be the duty of each school desiring to enter the district meets to notify the district athletic director, giving names of the players and a certificate of their eligibility signed by the principal or superintendent, at least ten days before the time of such contest. Further­more, each winning school in a district, or regional contest shall at once notify the athletic director of the next higher meet at least five days prior to the time of such contest, sending names and eligibility certificates of the players. 8. Officials.-The athletic director in each contest shall provide a man­ager and the proper number of umpires for such contests; and in all tourna­ments the director in charge shall have authority to arrange for officials subject to the approval of the appropriate executive committee. 9. Foot Faults.-This rule will he strictly enforced at the State Meet, and should be in the district, and regional meets. 10. Contestants.-If possible, enter contestants who are not in other contests. 11. Participation Limited.-No boy or girl shall he allowed to com­pete in both singles and doubles. 12. Awards.-ln the State Meet a suitable trophy is awarded first place in boys' singles, boys' doubles, girls' singles, and girls' doubles. 13. No Cheering or R,azzing in Tennis.-Tennis etiquette does not per­mit cheering or razzing during the match. Applauding a good play is always in order. Applauding an error is never in order. A tennis audience has always been a discreet and refined one. Any person who takes it upon him­self to berate the officials or makes himself conspicuous by razzing the teams should be requested to leave the court. 14. Substitution Rule.-The local school authorities may make a sub­stitution to fill a vacancy in tennis doubles but not in tennis singles. (Ex­ception : in tennis singles for girls the school authorities may make a sub­stitution.) After a given tournament has begun no substitution on a team which began the tournament shall be allowed. Please refer to Rule 11 of the Spring Meet plan. 15. Qualification in Tennis.-District winners in each conference qualify for regional meets and regional winners for the State Meets in accordance with schedule provided in Rules 19 and 23 of the Spring Meet Plan. Volleyball 1. Eligibility.-The rules laid down in Article VIII of the Constitution shall be strictly observed in this contest. 2. Divisions.-There shall be the following divisions in each district (including Elementary School Meets) : (1) boys; ( 2) girls. 3. Representation.-Each member-school may be represented in the dis­trict meet by one team in each division. 4. Official Rules.-Unless mutually agreeable otherwise, all games shall be played under the Official Volleyball Rules (Men's Rules) adopted by the United States Volleyball Association. The official rules are well adapted for elimination play, such as is required in the League. Unless mutually agreeable otherwise, the height of the net shall be 7 feet 6 inches in the center of the court in High School Meets, and 6 feet 6 inches in Elementary School Meets. Also in the Elementary School Meet the court may be 50 by 25 feet. If the larger court (60 by 30) is used, the serving dis­tance shall be 25 feet. 5. Number of Matches.-No team shall play more than two matches in one day. There shall be a minimum of one hour rest between the close of one match and the beginning of another. Track and Field for Junior Boys 1. Eligibility.-The rules laid down in Article VIII of the Constitution shall be strictly observed in this contest. These events are open only to boys of junior age. 2. Representation.-Each member-school may be represented in the dis­trict meet by a team of junior boys subject to the following rules: a. No school shall be allowed more than three boys in each event except the relay, which requires four. b. No boy shall be allowed to participate in more than three track events, including the relay, and in not over five events altogether. c. A junior boy entered in the high-school meet is not eligible for the junior meet. 3. Events.-The events with the order in which they shall be conducted follow: Track Field 1. 50-yard dash. 1. Pull up (chinning bar) . 2. 100-yard dash. 2. Running high jump. 3. 75-yard dash. 3. Running broad jump. 4. 440-yard relay. 4. 8-pound shot put. 4. Points.-The first four places in each event count, respectively, five, three, two, and one. If less than five participate in any one event no points shall be allowed for the last place. The school that scores the greatest number of points by this method shall be declared winner; next highest, runner-up; and the next highest, third place. For points towards all-round championship, see Rule 14 of the Spring Meet Plan. Playground Baseball 1. Eligibility.-The rules laid down in Article VIII of the Constitution shall be strictly observed in this contest. 2. Divisions.-There shall be the following divisions in the respective districts (only juniors in Elementary School Meets): (1) senior boys; (2) senior girls; ( 3) junior boys; ( 4) junior girls; ahd each school is entitled to enter a team in each division. Juniors in high school may elect to play on the senior or the junior high· school team. However, they cannot play on both the junior and the senior high-school teams. 3. Playing Rules.-The official Softball Rules as adopted by joint Rules Committee of Softball and Amateur Softball Association, shall apply in all playground baseball games in this League with the following exceptions for juniors: a. The Diamond.-The bases, except the home plate, shall be 11/z feet square. The home plate shall be 1 foot square. Each side of the diamond shall measure 45 feet. The pitchin; distance shall be 35 feet. b. Spiked shoes shall not he worn by any player. c. Ground rules are to he agreed upon by the schools before each contest. These rules are not provided for in the rule hook. Some of the more important rules to he agreed on are: (1) How many bases are to he allowed on an overthrow? (2) Shall the hatter he declared out on the last strike if the catcher misses the hall? ( 3) Can a runner score on a passed hall at home? The playing grounds and playing conditions may make it neces· sary to provide for these contingencies. d. No team shall play more than two games in one day. There shall be a minimum of one hour rest between the close of one game and the beginning of another. High-School Track and Field (For detailed rules regarding track and field events, follow the National Collegiate Athletic Association Official Rules.) 1. Eligibility.-The rules laid down in Article VIII of the Constitution shall he strictly observed in this contest. Notice that this is not designated a "senior" contest. These events are open to boys of senior or junior age. A hoy entered in the junior track and field meet is not eligible for this meet. 2. Representation.-Each member-school may enter a team in the district meet, advancing to regional and State meets as provided in Rules 19 and 23 of the Spring Meet Plan. It shall he the duty of each school desiring to enter the district or regional meet to notify the district or regional athletic director, giving the names of the players and a certificate of their eligibility signed by the principal or superintendent, at least five days before the time of such contest. A school may enter in the next higher meet as many indi­viduals as qualified in the preceding meet. These individuals may or may not he the same individuals. In the relay event, qualification is by school and not individual. Individ· uals qualifying only as a member of the relay team may not enter any other event in next higher meet. 3. Points.-In all track meets held by the League except the State Meet, the first four places in each event count, respectively, five, three, two, and one point. If less than five participate in any event no points shall be allowed for the last place. In the State Meet points shall be given in the events as follows: first place 10 points, second place 8 points, third place 6 points, fourth place 4 points, fifth place 2 points, sixth place 1 point; except in the relays the points shall he as follows: first place 16 points, second place 10 points, third place 6 points, fourth place 4 points, fifth place 2 points, sixth place I point. In computing individual honors a man's record on the relay team shall also be counted; for instance, each man on the winning team shall receive four points for individual honors, etc. 4. Events.-The events, with the order in which they shall be held, are as follows: TRACK 1. I20-yard high hurdles 5. 440-yard relay 2. IOO-yard dash 6. 880-yard dash 3. 440-yard dash 7. 220-yard dash 4. 180-yard low hurdles 8. I-mile run 9. I-mile relay FIELD I. Pole vault 3. 12-pound shot put 2. Running high jump 4. Running broad jump 5. Discus throw In meets where semifinals are necessary the mile run may be included in the semifinals. 5. Preliminaries and Finals.-The preliminaries and finals for the State Meet shall be held acording to the Official Program of the meet. 6. Number in Each Event.-Each school having a sufficient number of qualified men shall be allowed not over three men in each event, excepting the relay, which requires four men. Only one relay team per school may be entered. 7. Number of Events One May Enter.-No contestant shall be allowed to compete in more than three track events, including the relays, and in not over five events altogether; and no contestant shall be allowed to enter more than one of the following events: 440-yard run, 880-yard run, mile run. This does not debar a 440, mile or half -mile man from the relay. 8. Entries for Final Meet.-At least ten days before the first day of the final meet, each school having qualified men and desiring to compete in said final meet shall send to the Director of Interscholastic Athletics, University of Texas, Austin I2, Texas, by registered mail, a list of entries, showing each event for which each man is entered. This list shall be signed by the princi­pal or other acting head of the school. Official entry blanks are furnished by the League for the convenience of member-schools and may be secured from the State Office or from the Regional Director of Athletics. 9. Closing of Entries.-No entries shall be allowed for said final meet which are not mailed to the director on or before the tenth day before the first day of the meet. 10. No Changes in Entries Allowed.-No changes in the entry list as sent in, as per Rule 8 above, shall be allowed except that a man may be substi­tuted for another in an event, provided the substitute is otherwise eligible and already entered in the meet. One alternate may be entered for each relay team qualified, but no alternates are allowed for individual entries. An alternate cannot participate in any event except the relay unless he is certified as an individual entry. 11. Must Qualify in Preliminaries.-No contestant shall be allowed to compete in the finals in any individual event who did not compete in the preliminaries and semifinals of that event. Substitutions may be made in the semifinals or finals of the relays provided that the substitute shall have been qualified in another event for the meet. 12. Must Be on Hand at Time Announced.-The Director of the meet shall see that the preliminaries and the finals start at the time announced for them. No excuse shall be accepted for failure of a team or contestant to appear at the time announced for the meet to start, and any contestant who fails for any reason to be on hand at the time of the preliminaries shall for­feit his right to compete either in the preliminaries or the finals. 13. Officials.-The Interscholastic League Athletic Director shall have general charge of the final meet, and the district, and regional athletic di­rectors shall have charge of the district, and regional meets, respectively. It shall be the duty of such directors to provide officials, secure entries, ar­range programs, and attend to such matters as may be required for the proper conduct of the meets. Each meet shall be under the direction of: The director of athletics, one referee, two or more inspectors, three or more field judges, four or more judges at the finish, three or more timekeepers, one starter, one clerk of the course, one scorer, one clerk of the field, one marshal, one announcer, and such assistants to these officials as may be necessary. 14. Protests.-( See Article XII). 15. Coach Not Allowed on Field.-At the final State Meet coaches and other school officials will not be allowed on the field. 16. No Extra Trials for Record.-Winners in the shot put, discus throw, and running broad jump at the State Meet will nol be allowed extra trials for a State record. Those who qualify for the finals will be allowed three addi­tional trials, and the contestant will be credited with his best performance whether it was made in the preliminaries or in the finals. 17. Observe Rules.-Each team shall observe faithfully all rules con· tained in Article VIII of the Constitution and Rules. In case an ineligible man is used in any League meet, knowingly or unknowingly, the minimum penalty shall be the disqualification of the track team. 18. Eligibility Blanks.-Each school shall fill out eligibility blanks furnished by the League for each track and field contestant, one blank to be filed with the conference director general, and one to be sent to the State Office. These blanks are to be filled out and sent in before a contestant is allowed to participate in a League meet. 19. Qualification.-District winners in each conference qualify for re· gional meets and regional winners for the State Meet in accordance with schedule provided in Rules 19 and 23 of the Spring Meet Plan. Only two con­testants can qualify for the State Meet from the Regional Meet in the Pole Vault and High Jump. Contestants tied in these contests must draw for the two positions at the State Meet. 20. Starting Blocks.-Contestants will be required to use starting blocks at the State Track Meet, and no exception to this rule will be made. 21. Track Coaches Must Be Employees of School Board.-A track team is not eligible in the Interscholastic League whose head coach or whose as· sistant coach is not a full-time employee of the school board of the school which the team represents. CAUTION All directors are reminded that certain events such as the discus and shot are dangerous and proper precautions should be taken. To avoid accidents spectators should be kept off the field and contestants, not actually com· peting, should remain in their assigned quarters. Baseball Plan The Baseball Code.-The baseball code means to play the game in the spirit of fairness and clean sportsmanship; to observe all rules and not at· tempt to take unfair advantage of the other team. It means to accept decisions of officials without protest; to treat your opponents as your guests, and to put clean play and real sportsmanship above victories. It means the ability to win without boasting and to lose without grudge. "Victory is no great matter. The important thing in sport is the manly striving to excel and the good feeling it fosters between those who play fair and have no excuse when they lose." 1. Eligible Schools.-No school shall participate in League baseball unless its acceptance of this plan is on file in the State Office by February 15 and its fees are paid for the present school year. A school which does not participate in baseball after signing the acceptance card may be suspended in this activity for a period of one year, unless sufficient justification is shown for not entering a team. A non-participating school the preceding year de­siring to participate shall so notify the State Office one year in advance. The application for membership in the Baseball Plan by the superintend· ent or principal shall he authorized and approved by the local school board of trustees. 2. Baseball Coaches Must Be Employees of School Board.-A baseball team is not eligible in the Interscholastic League whose head coach or whose assistant coach is not a full-time employee of the school board of the school which the team represents. 3. Districts and Conferences.-The State shall be divided into districts and conferences, and competition will extend to a State championship in Conferences AAAA and AAA, to a regional championship in AA and A, and to a bi-district championship in Conference B. Schools are assigned to con­£erences by the State Office on the following schedule: Conference AAAA ------------------------------------------845 and up Conference AAA --------------------------------------------370 to 845 Conference AA ------------------------------------------------200 to 370 Conference A --------------------------------------------------120 to 200 Conference B ____ _____________ __ __ ____ __ _____ _____ _ ___ __ _119 and under The State Office shall have authority to determine the dates for deciding district, bi-district, regional and State championships. It is planned to have all regional and State championships after the close of the school in order not to conflict with final examinations and activities associated with the closing of school. If feasible, it is planned later to extend the baseball pro· gram on into the summer. 4. Playing Rules.-The "Official Baseball Rules" published by the C. C. Spink Company of St. Louis, Missouri, under the auspices of The Sporting News governs League baseball. 5. District Organizations.-The temporary chairman for the district shall call a meeting of all participating schools in the district, preferably in the early part of February but in any case not later than March 5. At this meeting a District Executive Committee shall be created composed of school superintendents or principals from participating schools. Each participating school present shall have one vote. At lease two alternates should be elected to serve in case members of the committee are disqualified. Ifonly one mem­ber is disqualified the first-named alternate should serve. A member of the committee shall be disqualified to act in a case in which his school is one of the two involved. In each new district, and in case of vacancies, a temporary chairman shall be appointed by the State Office. It shall be the duty of the chairman to call the organization meeting. It shall be the duty of the superintendent, principal, or coach in each school competing under thi& plan, to inform himself regarding the district chairman, time of meeting, etc. If the chairman moves from the district without calling a meeting, each school in the district has a responsibility to notify the State Office so that another chairman may be named. 6. Duties of District Executive Committee.-It shall be the duty of the District Executive Committee: a. To enforce all rules and regulations, to settle all disputes and all questions of eligibility arising inside the district. There shall be no appeal from any decision rendered by this committee. b. To certify to the State Office an eligible district champion on the date set for each respective conference, after which the committee's functions cease. In case of dispute, certification to the State Office shall be in the form of a written notice naming the eligible school and must be signed by a majority of members of the Executive Committee; provided the State Committee shall have the authority to reject any district champion whose District Committee has adopted any rule or regulation limiting the eligibility of players beyond the requirements set forth in the Constitution and Rules and the Baseball Plan. c. In districts that have more than ten participating schools sub­districts may be created, in which case schedules shall be arranged in the sub-districts to close in sufficient time to schedule an elim­ination game or series so that the district championship may be determined. Districts with fewer than ten schools may be sub­divided. The subdivision of a district shall contain an equal number of teams, or as nearly equal as can be; e.g., a district having seven teams shall be divided on a 3-4 basis. d. To investigate and check the eligibility of players in the district and to furnish to member-schools in the districts a list of eligible players submitted by each school and to investigate transfers with a view to determining whether or not transfers are bona fide. In case the transfer is not considered bona fide by the District Com­mittee, it shall have the power to declare the contestant in question ineligible for baseball. e. To uphold the principle that high-school baseball is worth while in the school as an educational force when properly controlled. Efforts on the part of any school official or local "fan" to recruit players shall be considered a violation of this principle and shall subject the school at fault to disqualification. Disqualification may be made by the committee after the school concerned has been given an opportunity to be heard in its own defense. When a school is disqualified it shall remain on the disqualified list until the superintendent has convinced the committee that the errors com­plained of have been removed and that he, the superintendent, can guarantee the proper conduct of baseball in his school. 7. Expenses of District Committee.-The District Executive Committee has authority to outline and put into operation a plan for financing its meet· in gs under the following restriction: If the assessment plan is used the assess­ment for any school shall not exceed one-half of its regular League member· ship fee. The failure of a school promptly to pay its assessment, after having been notified, shall subject it to a penalty of elimination from consideration for district honors. If a school refuses or fails to pay its assessment after the close of the season, it may be debarred from participation the following year or until the amount is paid. At the close of the season the District Executive Committee shall furnish each participating school in the district a financial statement showing all receipts and disbursements for the season. 8. Games That Count on Percentage.-Inter-conference or inter-district games between participating schools shall not count on a team's percentage. A defeat by a nonparticipating Texas high school, except by a junior high school or dormitory school, regardless of size or date. shall eliminate a school so defeated from the district race. A defeat by a school not eligible to membership in the League shall not count. 9. A Practice Game.-A practice game to which no admission is charged which is not on an announced schedule and which is not regularly conducted by an official or officials shall not count as a game. 10. Breaking Contracts.-A game cancelled after contract has been signed, unless both parties agree to the cancellation, shall be forfeited to the team not at fault. 11. Observe Rules.-Each school shall observe faithfully all rules con­tained in Article VIII of the Constitution and Rules, except that Section 2 shall not disqualify a contestant during the baseball season, who is eligible in all other respects at the time of spring graduation. This exception refers only to contestants whose district competition extends into the summer from the end of school. In case an ineligible man is used in any League game, knowingly or unknowingly, the minimum penalty shall be forfeiture of the game. 12. Baseball Code.-By accepting this plan, the coach and other officials of each school pledge themselves to act in the spirit of the baseball code, and to foster this spirit among the players. 13. Eligibility Blanks.-Each school shall fill out an eligibility blank in duplicate furnished by the League, these blanks to be signed by superin­tendent or principal, one mailed to the State Office, and one filed with the Chairman of the District Executive Committee, before the school is allowed to take part in any game. Failure to furnish correct and complete informa­tion shall constitute grounds for suspension. 14. Guarantees.-The visiting team always has the right to demand a guarantee sufficient to cover all expenses and in addition 50 per cent of the net gate receipts of the contest. A demand of a flat guarantee which is clearly in excess of expenses, shall upon action of the State or District Executive Committee, disqualify offending team for further participation. [Note.-In this connection, expenses of visiting teams, officials, advertis­ing, labor, services, and printing incident to the contest, shall be considered as expenses of the game. Number of men allowed upon expense account shall be agreed upon by coaches or managers of teams involved. Unless mutually agreeable otherwise, the home team shall furnish a playing field without cost to the visiting school.] 15. Officials.-All officials must be satisfactory to both parties and agreed upon in advance. Teams are urged always to secure outside officials. The visiting team should insist upon an agreement on officials prior to the day of the game. A school that refuses to play a game because the officials agreed upon have not been secured shall not be considered as breaking its contract. The responsibility to engage satisfactory officials is upon the home school. Beginning a game with an official constitutes agreement. 16. Place of Game.-The District Executive Committee in arranging a schedule within the district shall determine the place of games in case of disagreement between two teams. All inter·district and intra·district games shall consist of seven innings (unless tied). By mutual consent they may play nine-inning games. Bi.district and regional championships shall be determined by playing the best two out of three games unless mutually agreeable to play one game. In case there is a dispute regarding the site or time of a game it shall be settled by the flip of a coin. No member of this League shall play any game on Sunday. 17. Protests.-All protests must be made to the proper committee within twenty.four hours after the game is played, except that a protest based on the alleged ineligibility of a player may be made at any time; provided, it is made immediately upon discovery of the facts on which the protest is based. Protests must be made in writing and signed by superintendent or principal. A protest based on an official's decision will not be considered. 18. Sclwol Autlwrities Responsible.-Responsibility for the proper con· duct of baseball in a school system shall rest with the superintendent. All contracts and arrangements for games shall he made between superintend­ents and principals. The control and management of all games shall he under the supervision .of the superintendent or principal. 19. Breach of Contract.-Any school which qualifies for a regional or State tournament in baseball and fails to participate or complete the official schedule of games, unless excused for valid reasons by the regional com­mittee or the State Executive Committee, respectively, shall he guilty of a breach of contract. Schools violating the provisions of this rule shall lose all rebate privileges for said tournament and shall he suspended from base· ball for a period of not to exceed one calendar year. 20. Rebate to the Regional and St