THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MINERAL SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 5, DECEtv\BER, 1902. THE MINERALS AND ~IINERAL LOCAL­ ITIES OF TEXAS--sIMONDS. BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS, NO. 18. ISSUED SEMI-MONTHLY. ENTERED lN THE POSTOFFICE AT AUSTIN AS MAIL MATTER OF 'l'HE SECOND CLASS. DEAR Srn: I take pleasure in sending to you a copy of Bulletin No. 5 of the University of Texas Mineral Survey, entitled "The :Minerals and Mineral Localities of Texas." It is the fifth in a series of publications designed to set forth the mineral resources of the State. The other four Bulletins issued by the Survey since its organization, in l\Iay, 1901, are as follows: Bulletin Ko. 1. Texas Petroleum, July, 1901. Bulletin No. 2. Sulphur, Oil and Quicksilver in Trans-Pecos Texas, February, 1902. Bulletin No. 3. Coal, Lignite and Asphalt Rocks, May, 1902. Bulletin No. 4. The Quicksilver Deposits of Brewster County, Octo­ber, 1902. Inclusive of the special topographic map to accompany Bulletin No. 4 we have distributed 19,000 copies of our publications and the demand for them has been so active that we have now no more on hand. We have in view the preparation and publication of several other Bulletins in this series, viz. : Salt and the Salt Industry; Clays and the Pottery Industry; Cements and Cement Rocks; Building and Orna­mental Stones; the Ores of Copper, Silver and Lead; Artesian and Other Underground Waters and Irrigation; and on the Coal Measures of the Carboniferous. Very respectfully, WM. B. PHILLIPS, Dic~ctor. Austin, Texas, January, 1903. THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MINERAL SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 5, DECEMBER, 1902. THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCAL­ITIES OF TEXAS. FREDERIC W. SIMONDS, PH.D., PROll'ESSOR 011' GEOLOGY IN THE UNIVERSITY 011' TBXAa. BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS, NO. 18. ISSUED SEMI-MONTHLY. ENTERED IN THE POSTOFFICE AT AUSTIN AS MAIL MATTER OF THE SECO.SD CLASS. LE~rTER OF TRANSMITTAL. AusTIN, TEXAS, December, 1902. Hon. Wm. L. Prather, President, The University of Tercas. SIR: I beg to transmit, herewith, a report on "The Minerals and :Xlineral Localities of Texas," prepared by Dr. Frederic W. Simonds~ Professor of Geology in the University. It will form Bullettin No. 5 of The University of Texas Mineral Survey. In view of the deep interest now being shown in the mineral resources of the State, we have thought it advisable to issue a special publication dealing with the minerals and mineral localities. Dr. Simonds has been engaged upon this work for some time, and it is believed that the list he now presents covers the entire field as well as can be done at present. Very respectfully, WM. B. PHILLIPS. Director. INTRODUCTION. 'l'here has been, so far as I am aware, no attempt to list, in a complete form, the mineral species occurring in Texas. In the "Mineral Re­sources of the United States'' for 1882 (United States Geological Sur­vey; Washington, 1883), Professor John C. Smock, of the Geological Survey of New Jersey, who was charged with the preparation of the material illustrative of the "Eastern Division," published two tables for the purpose of showing the mineral resources of Texas. The first included "Ores, minerals, and mineral substances, which are at present mined," and the second "Ores, minerals, and mineral substances of industrial importance and known occurrence, but which are not at pres­ent mined." Of the former, eight are mentioned, of the latter, thirty­two (pp. 733-736). In the "Mineral Resources" for 1887 (Washington: 1888), the same tables, with slight modification, mainly in the matter of additional localities, are repeated (pp. 792-794). In the First Annual Report of the Geological Survey of Texas (Aus­tin: 1890) Mr. W. H. von Streeruwitz published a list of minerals, sixty­three in number, observed in the Trans-Pecos Region, but the details of occurrence were not given (pp. 225-226). In the same volume Dr. Theo. B. Comstock records one hundred and eleven minerals collected in the "Central Mineral Region"-the Llano Country. This "includes only those which occur as crystals or in special or rare situations,'' and is regarded by the author not as complete, but as affording a "preliminary list of localities" (pp. 379-391). A "list of those minerals and rocks of Trans-Pecos Texas which up to this time could be classified by their appearance, blowpipe tests, and laboratory work,'' constitutes Chapter IV of a "R€port of the Geology and Mineral Resources of Trans-Pecos Texas" bv W. H. von Streeruwitz (Second Annual Report of the Geological Sur~ey of Texas, 1890, pp. 710-713). It is, as the author states, "far from being complete, but it comprises a number of the more important and valuable minerals, build­ing stones and ores of West Texas, giving the localities where they are found." In his Second Annual Report as State Geologist, Mr. E. T. Dumble published a valuable statement of the "Mineral Resources of Texas," based, as he says, for .the greater part upon the work of himself and his associates (Second Annual Report of the Geological Survey of Texas, p. 35, et seq.). This I have found very helpful in the preparation of the following list. Unfortunately the State does not possess a collection of all the min­erals enumerat.ed herewith. conseq.uently the information concerning them has been m large measure derived from manv sources, viz. from a careful exa1!1ina~ion ~f the variou~ reports relating to the geology of the State, keepmg m mmd at all times the value, so far as it could be estimated, of the observer as an authorit_y. On the same basis the various scientific journals have been examined and the transactions of the differ­ent learned societies. It is especially due that mention should be made Qf the American Joumal of Science, the Engineer·ing and Mining Jour­nal (January, 1887-June, 1902), the Transactions•of the Texas Academy of Science and the Bulletins of the University of Texas '!Jineral Survey. Nor should I omit the valuable publications of the Umted States Geo­logical Survey, especially the volumes upon the "MiD:eral Resources ~f the United States,'' and of the Engineering and Mining Journ~l, enti­tled "The Mineral Industry." In some instances minerals or their local­ities have Leen inserted upon the statement of individuals, or as annnounced in the public press, but always with care. In preparing the list I have, for convenience, arranged it alphabetic­ally, my aim being to make it useful to the student, the prospector and the citizen. The name of the mineral species is first given, and, when possible, this is followed by the common name or synonym in general use, or both, together with the chemical name and formula. Following this list there is given a summary of the minerals of the State by counties. As supplementing the necssarily brief mineral descriptions, those interested in the subject are referred to some standard work on miner­alogy, such as "Dana's Manual of .Mineralogy and Petrography" ( ele­mentary) or "Dana's Text Book of Mineralogy" (advanced), from whi{!h much of the descriptive matter in the following pages has been taken. In compiling a work of this character one is, to a great degree, dependent upon the contributions of others, and so large has my indebt­edness become that individual acknowledgments are well nigh impossi­ble. As an exception, however, I would state that I have made free use of Dr. Comstock's ''List of Minerals Collected by the Survey from the Central Mineral Region,'' before mentioned, as a base upon which to build this enlarged list of the "Minerals and Mineral Localities of Texas." FREDERIC w. SIMONDS. School of Geology, University of Texas, November 1, 1902. Minerals from localities marked C are in the collection at the Uni­ versity. Localities in Comstock's List are marked *. Localities in von Streeruwitz's Lists are marked **. U. T. M. S.-The University of Texas Mineral Survey. H.-Hardness. G.-Specific Gravity. THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. ACTINOLITE. Calcium-magnesium-iron AmJphibole. Ca (Mg, Fe),. (Si 04) 3• A fibrous, bladed, columnar, or granular massive, light green mineral. Specific Gravity, 3-3.2. Hardness, 5-6. BURNET, COUNTY : White Eagle Mine, five miles west of Burnet. Lr.ANO COUNTY : King Mountains.• Riley Mountains.* Near Click, Glen and Sandy Gaps.* ADULARIA. A variety of Orthoclase. Potassium silicate, pure or impure. A white or "colorless subtransparent feldspar." Specific Gravity, 6.57. Hardness, 6. LLANO COUNTY: Barrillger Hill.* King Mountains.* Cold Creek, near county line.* Kothman's Water Gap.* MASON COUNTY: Martin Creek.* AGATE. Variegated Chalcedony. A variety of Quartz. Si 0 2• Three forms: 1. Banded with different colors as white, brown and blue. 2. Clouded. 3. Moss Agate, with dendritic inclusions of manganese oxide. Specific Gravity, 2.65-2.66. Hardness, 7. BREWSTER COUNTY: Chisos Mountains. C. BURNET COUNTY : Spring Creek.* McCULLOCH CouNTY: * Banded Chert and Flint. PECOS COUNTY: West of Glass Mountains. PRESIDIO COUNTY: Abundant between Marfa and Chinati Mountains. **C. "Agates can be gathered by the wagon load between the Davis and Chinati Mountains. They are the milky, cloudy, and banded varieties, from the size of peas to six, eight and occasionally even more inches in diameter, and might ,be cut into marbles, ornamental work, and mortars for chemical laboratories."-Von Streeruwitz. SAN PATRICIO COUNTY: Moss Agates in the vicinity of Mathis; not abundant. SAN SABA COUNTY:* Banded Chert and Flint. ALABASTER. See Gypsum. ALBITE. Soda Feldspar. Aluminum-sodilum Silicate. Na20. Al20 3• 6Si 02• One of the triclinic Feldspars. Thick tabular crystalline, granular massive, or lamellar. White, often bluish or gray, opalescent, also tinted at times with green or red. Specific Gravity, 2.62-2.65. Hard­ ness, 6-6.5. BURNET COUNTY: Clear Creek.* Spring Creek.* LLANO COUNTY: Barringer Hill.* "Albite is rare and occurs coating small cavities in the massive orthoclase. Crystals not above 1 inch in diameter were observed."­Hidden and Mackintosh, Amer. Jour. of Science, III, Vol. 38, p. 476. King Mountains.* Little Llano Creek below Lone Grove.* ALLANITE. Orthite. Composition complicated. A Silicate of Alum­inwm, Calcium, Iron and the rarer metals. A brittle brownish-black mineral with a resinous or submetallic lustre. Crystals, tabular or elongated, sometimes so elongated as to become acic­ ular. Massive and in grains. Specific Gravity, 3-4.2. Hardness, 5.5-6. LLANO COUNTY : Mexican Diggings, Babyhead Creek.* Barringer Hill, C. "Allanite has not yet been found very abundantly at this locality, and all of the ten kilos obtained was massive-nodular in form. Its surface alteration is very slight compared with that of the other allied minerals. Its color is shining pitchy-black. Powder and streak dull greenish-brown. Upon ignition it first turns red-brown, and then becomes coal-black. It is opaque, except in the very thinnest splin­ters, when a greenish-brown translucence is evident. Specific gravity =3.488. We have made no complete analysis as yet, but the specimen tested showed the presence of considerable quantities of the cerium­yttrium earths and of thoria, and we learned that it was completely solubue in acids with the separation of gelatinous silica, either before or after igniting the mineral (like the associated gadolinite). The better masses have been found quite isolated from the other occurring minerals."-Hidden and Mackintosh, Amer. Jour. of Science, HI, Vol. 38, p. 485. Analyse des Allanits (von Llano County, in Tewas}. Si 0 2 29.21 Fe2 03 •• ••••••••••••• • • • • • • · • • • • • • • • • • · • • 30.33 Gesammtceriterden . . ...... ... . .... .. .. . .. . 25.06* Al, Os .................... ......... ..... . 12.20 Ca 0 ............ .............. .... ..... . 3.69 100.49 *(Nd2 O., 4.76; Pr2 0., 2.31; La, 0,, Ce2 08.) W. Muthmann und L. Stiitzel : Beitrl!.ge zur Spectralanalyse von Neodym und Praseodym. [Mittheilung aus dem chemischen Laboratorium der kgl. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Miinchen.] Berichte der Deutschen Chemi­schen Gesellschaft, 32, Bd. III, S. 2677. 1899. Berlin : 1900. ALAMANDITE. Iron-aluminum Garnet. 3 Fe 0. Al20 3• 3Si 0 2• This species includes in part that which has been termed "common garnet" and in part that termed "precious garnet." Its color ranges from brownish red to black. Precious garnet is transparent. Specific Gravity, 3.9-4.2. Hardness, 6.5-7.5. BURNET COUNTY: Clear Creek. *C. "Near Shannon's Quarries in great variety of colors."* LLANO COUNTY: Mexican Diggings, Babyhead Creek.* ALUM. Hydrous Aluminum Sulphate. PRESIDIO COUNTY: Fresno Cail.on. AMAZON STONE. See Microcline. AMETHYST. Amethystine Quartz. Silica. Si 02• A violet or purple variety of Quartz. Specific Gravity, 2.65-2.66. Hardness, 7. BURNET COUNTY: In granite. C. EL PASO COUNTY: Sierra Blanca. C. LLANO COUNTY: In granite. AMPHIBOLE. Hornblende. Jfagnesium-calcium-iron-aluminu.m Sili­cafo. The colors of this mineral rang~ usually through various shades of green, especially dark green, to black. Specific Gravity, 2.9-3.4. Hard­ness, 5-6. BURNET COUNTY: White Eagle Mine, :five miles west of Burnet. EL PASO COUNTY: "Hornblende is found in the northern part of the Quitman Moun­tains, in the Sierra Carrizo, at the Rattle Snake tank, in a spur of the Van Horn Mountains, and in the Sierra Blanca group and its northwestern extension."-Von Streeruwi tz. * * LLANO COUNTY : Headwaters of Cold Creek.* Riley Mountain.* Near Click, Glen and Sandy Gaps.* ANDRADITE. Common Garnet, Black Garnet. Calcium-iron Garnet. 3Ca 0. Fe2 0 3• 3Si 0 2• Of various colors: yellow in different shades, green and greenish yel­low, dark green, brown, brownish red or yellow, gray-black, black. Spe­cific Gravity, 3.8-3.9. Hardness, 6.5-7.5. LLilro CoUNTY: Babyhead Mountain.* Babyhead Creek.* MASON COUNTY : Kothmann Tract, three miles southeast of Spiller Mine. "Two specimens of this variety of garnet from the Kothmann tract, fifteen miles northeast of the town of Mason, Mason county, have been analyzed. Both specimens are impure, as is shown by their physical features and by their variation from the true garnet ratio, but the1 probably approach the latter closely enough to be classed as garnets. It has been suggested by Dr. S. L. Penfield, who has kindly examined these analyses, that the minerals represent manganese varieties of andradite, which is a calcium-iron-garnet having the formula Ca, Fe. Sis Om and that they bear a resemblance to the variety from Franklin, New Jersey, called Polyadelphite by Thompson. * * • "The following analyses of the Texas specimens, made by R. N. Brackett, were not intended to be complete, but they show the import· ant constituents of the minerals. They were made of material dried at 110°-115° Centigrade: " (a) This is a massive or semi-crystalline mineral ; color, choco· late-brown; streak, light brown; lustre, resinous; translucent; frac­ture, uneven; hardness, 7-7.5; specific gravity, 3.57. The mineral fuses readily into a black glass; is only slightly attacked by hydro­chloric acid in the fresh state, but is readily decomposed with the separation of silica after fusion; with fluxes it gives manganese reac­tions. Analysis of .A:ndradite from Mason Oounty, Twas. Per cent. Ratio. Silica (Si 02) •••••• • • • •••• • • • • • • •• 37.24 0.621 3.16 Ferric Oxide (Fe. 01 ) . • • •• • •.. . ••• 31.17 0.195 0.98 .Alumina (Al, Os) ........ . .. .... . . . trace Manganese Protoxide (Mn 0) .... . . . 20.11 0.283} Lime (Ca 0) .... . ..... . . .. . ... . .. . 10.16 0.181 0.497 2.49 Difterence (Magnesia?) ........... . 1.32 0.033 100.00 .. .. * * • * "(b) This is a crystalline mineral; color, deep yellow; lustre, resinous to vitreous; translucent; fracture, uneven; hardness, 6; spe­cific gravity, 3.72. The mineral fuses readily into a black glass; is only slightly attacked by hydrochloric acid in the fresh state, but after fusion readily decomposes with the separation of silica; witlt. fluxes gives manganese reactions. .Analysis of .tlndradite from Mason County. Per cent. Ratio. Silica (Si 02) •••• • . . ••••••• • ••• ••• 36.24 0.605 3.02 Ferric Oxide (Fe. 01 ) • • ...•... .. . . . 15.91 0.100} Alumina (Al, Os) ..... . . . . . . . ... .. . 11 .23 0.110 0.210 1.05 :Manganese Protoxide (Mn 0) ...... . 30.72 0.434 ~ Lime (Ca 0) ..................... . 2.04 0.037 o.527 2.6a lriagnesia (Mg 0) ............ ..... . 2.22 0.056 Difference (Alkalies?) .. .... . . . .. . . 1.64 100.00" -R. A. F. Penrose, Jr., Annual Report of the Geological Sur­ny of Arkansas for 1890, Vol. I, pp. 435, 436. THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. ANKERITE. Calsium-magnesium-f errous Carbonate. 2Ca 003• Fe 003• Crystalline ( rhombohedral), crystalline granular or compact. White to gray in color or reddish. Specific Gravity, 2.95-3.1. BURNET COUNTY: Spring Creek.• High Point.• LLANO CoUNTY: Northwest of Long Mountain, near Sutton's.• ANTIMONY. A Native Element. Sb. EL PASO COUNTY: •• "Antimony is contained in the ores of the Quitman Mountains and the Sierra Diablo."-Von Streeruwitz. APATITE. Calcium Phosphate. CrystaVzes in hexagonal prisms; sometimes short and tabular. Occurs also in renif orm masses having fibrous structure; massive, granular to compact. Color green, blue, white; sometimes yellow, gray, etc. Streak white. Specific Gravity, 3.17-3.23. Hardness, 5. BURNET COUNTY: High Point.• Opposite Long Mountain (small green crystals in quartz).• LLANO COUNTY: Packsaddle Mountain (Cambrian).• ARAGONITE. Calcium Carbonate. Ca C03• Of various shapes-stalactitic, incrusting, globular, reniform, col­umnar, fibrous, etc.; crystals often acicular in radiating groups, ali:ri> twinning. Color white, gray, yellow, green, etc. Streak uncolored. Specific Gravity, 2.93-2.95. Hardness, 3.5-4. BREWSTER COUNTY: Terlingua. C. EL PASO COUNTY : Franklin Mountains. C. GILLESPIE COUNTY: Southeast of Enchanted Rock.• LLANO CoUNTY: !South of Llano.* MABON COUNTY: Caylor's Diggings.* SAN SABA COUNTY: Quarter mile northeast of Barton's.* Hinton Creek.* WILLIAMSON COUNTY. C. TBANS·PECOS REGION.** ARGENTITE. Silver Glance. Silver Sulphide. Ag2 S. Metallic; of a blackish lead-gray color and streak. Octahedral cry&­tals often in reticulated or arborescent forms. Sometimes filiform; massive. Specific Gravity, 7.20-7.36. Hardness, 2-2.5. TRANS-PEcos TEXAS.** EL PABO COUNTY : Hazel Mine, Sierra Diablo. C. ASBESTUS. A form of Amphibole. Fibrous. Of a white, green, or brown color. GILLESPIE COUNTY: Rare.* LLANO CoUNTY: Near Sandys-not abundant. ASPHALTUM. Asphalt. Mineral Pitch. A Mixture of different Hydrocarbons. Color black, brownish black. Lustre pitch-like. Easily melted. Grad­uates by degrees to petroleum, :from which, in many instan~s, it has been derived by the evaporation o:f the more volatile ingredients. ANDERSON COUNTY: "At a distance .of from ten to twelve and a half miles northeast of Palestine there is a deposit of a partially consolidated sandstone which is in many places impregnated with an oily or asphaltic resi­duum. The material seems to be more abundant in the sandstone making up part of the ridge between Still's and Squirrel Creeks. The asphaltic sand outcrops in the creek banks, and has been encountered in practically all the wells dug in the neighborhood. It has been asserted that the deposits are in some instances more than forty feet thick, in which case the asphaltic material must impregnate more than one stratum. Nor is this at all unlikely, considering the nature of the beds making up the section."-Bull. of the Univ. of Texas Min. Surv., No. 3, p. 86. Chapel Well. C. Hassell Well. C. Brule's Hole. C. Analyses of Bituminous Sandstone by Messrs. 0. H. Palm and EI. H. Worrell, A.~sistant Chemists, University of Tea;as Mineral Survey. After Hee.ting to 300 degrees F. Before Hee.ting. fol" 60 Minutes. Chapel Hassell Brule's Chapel Hassell Brule's Well. Well. Hole. Well. Well. Hole. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Percent. Per Cent. Asphaltene...................... 11.25 0.92 2.35 4.17 0.50 0.73 Petrolene......................... 12.09 16.52 5.82 13.46 12.37 4.92 Lime Carbonate.............. None 0.96 Trace. .................. .................. ·················· Silica................................. 76.71 81.60 91.83 ......0:26''"' .................. ......o:i7'..... Sulphur............................ 0.43 0.61 0.18 0.31 Total Bitumen.............. .. 23.34 17.14 8.17 17.89 12.87 5.65 Bulletin of the University of Texas Mineral Survey, No. 3, pp. 86-87. ANGELINA COUNTY: Spring on Miller League, near Windom. THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. BREWSTER COUNTY: Terlingua Creek. BURNET COUNTY: Post Mountain, near the town of Burnet. Asphaltic Limestone. Analyses by Messrs. 0. H. Palm and S. H. Worrell, Assistant Chem­ists, University of Te11Jas Mineral Survey. No. 1. No. 2. Per cent. Per Cent. Asphaltene ... ........................ ..... . 7.76 1.90 Petrolene ... . . ...... .... . . ... . .. . .. ... .. .. . 6.75 8.40 Lime Carbonate .. .. ... .. .. ....... . .. . ..... . 81.33 88.20 Silica .......... ................. ......... . 4.16 1.50 Sulphur ..... .... .............. ........... . 0.22 0.23 Total Bitumen ..... ............ ..... ...... . 14.51 10.30 -Bull. Univ. of Texas Min. Surv., No. 3, p. 97. COOKE COUNTY : At various localities in the area between Muenster and St. Jo. Asphaltic Sandstone. Abundant. Hoover's Place. C. HARDIN COUNTY: Near Saratoga and Sour Lake. HUNT COUNTY: Reported. J A.CK COUNTY : Reported. JASPER COUNTY: The "Tar Well," four and a half miles northeast of Rockland. Boykin Spring, three and a half miles northwest of the preceding. MARTIN COUNTY: Asphaltic Sands reported. MONTAGUE COUNTY: North and south of the town of St. Jo: Sampson Ridge, Gordon Moun­tain, etc. "Composition of the bituminous sandstone at the north point of Sampson Ridge, three and one-half miles east of north of St. Jo, Mon­tague county: First foot from bottom. Second foot. 2feet 8 inches. Percent. Per cent. Per cent. Asphaltene . . . . . . ... . .... . 1.35 1.46 1-58 Petrolene ... . . . .. ... ..... . 9.00 9.50 9.10 Lime Carbonate .. . . .. . . . . trace trace trace Silica ... .. .. . .. .. ..... .. . 89.65 89.04 89.32 Sulphur .... ...... . . . . . . . . 0.20 0.24 0.22 Total Bitumen .. . .. ...... . 10.35 10.96 10.68" -Bull. Univ. of Texas Min. Surv., No. 3, p. 81. NACOGDOCHES COUNTY: Reported. PANOLA. COUNTY: Near Tatum. PEcos CouNTY: Northeast of Fort Stockton fifteen miles. Asphaltic Limestone. SAN AUGUSTINE COUNTY : Reported. STEPHENS COUNTY : Near Crystal Falls. Asphaltic Sandstone. TBAVIS COUNTY: Near Watter's Station, north of Austin. (See Petroleum.) UVALDE COUNTY: Carbondale, six miles southeast of Cline. Bituminous Limestone. Turkey Creek. C. "The statement has been made (Mineral Resources of the United States, 1893, p. 637) that the rock contains from 15 to 33 per cent. of bitumen, and that the average was about 20 per cent. Numerous samples of this rock have been examined in the laboratory of the Sur­vey, but we have not been able to confirm this statement. In an excel­lent paper on 'The Asphalt Deposits of Western Texas,' by Mr. T. Wayland Vaughan (Mineral Resources of the United States, 1896· 1897), there are two analyses of this rock, given on the authority of Mr. R. T. Rokeby, vice-president of the Litho-Carbon Rubber Com­pany, in which the total bitumen is placed at 25.18 per cent. and 9.03 per cent., but Mr. Rokeby says that the average of the rock mined is from 15 to 16 per cent. of total bitumen. "The average of many analyses of this rock shows that it contains from 14 to 17 per cent. of total bitumen, i. e., asphaltene plus petro­lene, with 80-85 per cent. of carbonate of lime, with some iron and alumina, a very small percentage of silica, and sulphur up to one per cent."-Bull. Univ. of Texas Min. Surv., No. 3, pp. 92-93. Smyth-Nunn Ranch, twelve miles southeast of Cline. Bituminoui limestone carrying some silica. Mays's Ranch, Waxy Falls, thirteen miles southwest of Uvalde. Cal· ciferous bituminous sandstone. C. ATACAMITE. Hydrous Copper Chloride. Cu 012• 3Cu (OH) 2• Crystals slender and prismatic; striated vertically. Fibrous, granular, massive; sometimes as sand. Color: various shades of green. Strea~ apple green. Lustre, adamantine; vitreous. Specific Gravity, 3. 75-3. 77. Hardness, 3-3.5. TRANS-PECOS REGION.** AVENTURINE. A form of Quartz, Si 0 2, bespangled with scales of mica, hematite or other mineral. See Quartz. EL PASO COUNTY: Quitman Mountains.*" AZURITE. Blue Copper Carbonate. Hydrous Copper Carbonate. Basic Cupric Carbonate. 2Cu C03• Cu (OH) 2, or 3Cu0. 2C030 H 2.0. In short, thick, oblique, rhombic prisms; columnar, massive,stalactitic. Color blue, azure blue, Berlin blue. Streak blue. Vitreous lustre. Brit­tle. Specific Gravity, 3.77-3.83. Hardness, 3.5-4. BURNET COUNTY: White Eagle Mine, :five miles west of Burnet. EL PASO COUNTY: Sierra Diablo, Bromide Mine. C. Sancho Panza Mine. C. Carrizo Mountains. C. LLANO COUNTY: McGehee Place, head of Little Llano Creek.• Parkhill Ranch, four miles north of Llano. Mexican Diggings, Babyhead Creek.• Miller's Mine.• Babyhead Mountain. C. Pecan Creek. C. Near Yoakum Creek (granite with malachite and azurite).* TRANS-PECOS REGION.·· THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. BARITE. Heavy Spar. Barytes. Barium Sulphate. Ba S04• Crystals tabular or prismatic. When massive often lamellar with con­vergent or curved plates. Also fibrous, columnar, granular, compact. Of a white color tinted with yellow, brown, red, blue. Lustre vitreous or pearly. Specific Gravity, 4.3-4.6. Hardness, 2.5-3.5. Brittle. LLANO COUNTY. C. BAT GUANO. Of economic importance but not strictly within the province of descripti_ve mineralogy. Found in caves. See article by Wm. B. Phillips in Mines and Minerals, Scan.ton, Pa., May, 1901. BEXAR COUNTY. BLANCO COUNTY. BURNET COUNTY. Headwaters of Beaver Creek. COMAL COUNTY. EDWARDS COUNTY. GILLESPIE COUNTY. HAYS COUNTY. LAMPASAS COUNTY. LLANO COUNTY. SHELBY COUNTY. TRAVIS COUNTY. UVALDE COUNTY. WILLIAMSON COUNTY. BEAUXITE. Bauxite. Hydrous Aluminum Oxide. Al20 3• 2H20. Resembling clay, massive, oolitic. In color whitish, gray, yellow, brown. Specific Gravity, 2.55. Fe20 3 may be present, either replacing some of the Al20 3, or as an impurity. Si 0 2 and other substances may also be present as impuri­ ties. See W ocheinite. BURNET COUNTY: Silver Mine Hollow, Beaver Creek." LLANO COUNTY: King Mountains." Little Llano Creek, seven miles above Lone Grove.* Near Smoothing Iron Mountain." Near Sutton's, northwest of Long Mountain, in quartz.t Near head of Cold Creek." Near Field Creek." :MASON COUNTY: Little Bluff Creek.* North of Mason Mountain." McCULLOCH CouNTY: East and west of Yoca.• San Saba River at crossing of Camp San Saba and Voca road." BERYL. Aluminurm-beryllium Silicate. 3Be 0. Al203• 6Si 0 2• Lon"' hexagonal prisms, usually striated vertically. Columnar, granu­lar, m~ssive. Various shades of green, from emerald green to blue­green, blue, yellow, white. Brittle. Streak white. Specific Gravity, 2.63-2.80. Hardness, 7.5-8. GILLESPIE COUNTY:* Crab Apple Creek. C. West of Mt. Nebo. C. LLANO COUNTY: Not common. "Some very large beryls have been found in Gillespie county and occasionally in Llano county. They occur in Archrean situations sim­ilar to those in which garnets abound."-Comstock. BIOTITE. A ~lfagnesiu.m-iron Mica. Composition varying. Typical Biotite ( H,K) ~ (Mg,Fe) 2Al2 (Si 04 ) a· Crystals rhombic or hexagonal prisms, not common. Uusally found in scales or in masses composed of scales. Color green to black, brown, yellow, rarely white. Splendent lustre. Specific Gravity, 2.7-3.1. Hard­ness, 2.5-3. BUR..:."IBT COUNTY: In granite, Granite Mountain. Clear Creek.* Near Spring Creek.* Shannon's Quarries.* 'Vhite Eagle Copper Mine, five miles west of Burnet. LLANO CollNTY: Barringer Hill.* Johnson Creek.* King Mountain.* Near Garner ( ? ) Crossing of Llano River northwest of Gainsville· (in graphic granite) . * Near Lone Grove.* North of Lone Grove, Fishe,r and Miller Survey.* North Sharp's Mountain (in granite).* Miller's Mine.* Rabb's Pasture.* South of Field Creek, Panther Creek.* MASON CorNrY: Honey Creek, near Menardville road.* North of Mason Mountain.* McCULLOCH COUNTY: Southeast of Camp San Saba.* BORNITE. Purple Copper Ore. Variegated Copper Ore. Erubescite. Copper-iron Sulphide. A sulphide of copper and iron in varying proportions. A typical form 3Cu2S. Fe2S3• Usually massive, granular, compact. Crystalline faces, when present, often rough or curved. Color copper-red to brown. Iridescent from tarnish. Streak grayish black. Brittle. Lustre metallic. Specific Grav­ity, 4.9-5.4. Hardness, 3. EL PASO COUNTY : Hazel Mine, Diablo Mountains, ten miles north of Allamore. C. LLANO COUNTY: McGehee property, head of Little Llano Creek.* Parkhill Ranch, four miles north of Llano. Crystals octahedrons. Massive. Brown-black to steel-gray in color, and streak. Submetallic lustre. Brittle. Specific Gravity, 4.75-4.82. Hardness, 6-6.5. LLANO COUNTY: Chaney's Diggings, south of Packsaddle Mountain.* Riley Mountain.* BRICK OLAYS OR EARTHS. Clays or earths that can be used in the manufacture of bricks are of common occurrence in the State. Excellent red brick are manufactured at many places. At Austin a light cream-colored brick, resembling the Milwau:kee brick, is burned. The Quaternary clays of the Colo­rado Coal Field are said to be excellently adapted for brick-making. See also Pottery clays. BASTROP COUNTY: Elgin. BEXAR COUNTY: Twelve miles north of San Antonio. BOWIE COUNTY: Texarkana. BRAZORIA COUNTY : Velasco. BRAZOS COUNTY : Bryan. CALDWELL COUNTY: Between J,ockhart and Luling. CHEROKEE COUNTY : Rusk. New Birmingham. DALLAS COUNTY : Dallas. EL PASO COUNTY : Banks of the Rio Grande. GRIMES COUNTY: Anderson. Navasota. HOUSTON COUNTY : Crockett. MCLENNAN COUNTY : Waco. PALO PINTO COUNTY: Gordon. ROBERTSON COUNTY: Calvert. Hearne. TRAVIS COUNTY: Austin. BROMYRITE. Silve,r Bromide. Ag Br. In small concretions. Color bright yellow to amber-yellow, greenish. Specific Gravity, 5.8-6. Hardness, 2-3. TRANS-PECOS REGION:** Reported from Chisos Mountains. BRONZI'l'E. Ferriferous Enstatite. (M:g, Fe) Si 0 8• In color grayish, green, olive green, brown. Named from the bronze­like lustre of the cleavage surfaces, which are also at times pearly. Spe­cific Gravity, 3.1-3.3. Hardness, 5-5.5. Buro."El' CoUNTY : Head of Clear Creek.• LLANO COUNTY: Llano River, nen.r Gainsville. • H CALAMINE. Smithsonite. Hydrous Zinc Silicate. 2Zn 0. Si 0 2, 2 0. Crystals tabular or prismatic, implanted, often forming drusy sur­ faces. Fibrous, granular, massive, stalactitic, white, bluish or greenish white, yellow, brown. tle. Streak white. Specific Gravity, 3.4-3.5. botryoidal, etc. Lustre vitreous. Hardness, 4.5-5. Color Brit­ TRANs-PEcos REGION.** CALCITE. Cale Spar. Many varieties. When clear and transparent, Iceland Spar. Carbonate of Lime. Ca C03• Crystallization various, from tabular to elongated prismatic. Fibrous, granular, stalactitic, nodular, etc. Of many colors ranging from color­less to white, blue, red, yellow, brown and black. Lustre vitreous to earthy. Streak white to gray. Specific Gravity, 2.71, in pure crystals, varying according to the impurities present. Hardness, 3; earthy forms 1toft. ANDERSON CoUNTY: In seams near the Saline, six miles west of Palestine. :BREWSTER COUNTY: Terlingua District, associated with cinnabar. l3URNET COUNTY: Burnet, from a well. C. Hoover Valley. C. Sherrard's Place. Rhombehedrons in Bat CaTe.-Dana. GILLESPIE COUNTY: Willow Creek. C. Mormon Creek. C. LLANO COUNTY: East Prong of Packsaddle Mountain.• MASON COUNTY: Caylor's Diggings." On San Saba River below Five Mile Creek.* SAN SABA COUNTY: Hinton Creek.* TBAVIS COUNTY: In fissures in limestone; calcified fossils, Barton Creek and Deep E~dy Bluff on the Colorado. TBANs-PEcos REGION.** CALOl\IEL. Horn Quicksilver. Mercurous Chloride. Hg2Cl2 • Crystals tabular, pyramidal, often complex. White, gray, yellowish, THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. brown. Lustre adamantine. Translucent-subtranslucent. Hardness, 1-2. Specific Gravity, 6.48. BREWSTER COUNTY: Terlingua District. CARNELIAN. Sard. A variety of Quartz. Defined as "a clear red chalcedony, pale to deep in shade; also brown­ish red to brown."-Dana. EL PASO COUNTY: Near Van Horn. LLANO COUNTY: Long Mountain.* Pennington Creek.* Sandy Creek.* CARNOT. See Kaolinite. CASSITERITE. Tin Stone. Tin Ore. Tin Dioxide. Sn 0 2• Crystals pyramidal; prismatic with acute terminations. Twins com­mon. In grains, massive, reni£orm, fibrous. Color brown or black, sometimes reddish, grayish, yellow or even white. Lustre adamantine. Streak white to brown, Brittle. Specific Gravity, 6.8-7.1. Hard­ness, 6-7. BURNET COUNTY: Beaver Creek District. "Sparingly."-Dana. EL P ABO COUNTY: Quitman Mountains.** East Flank of Franklin Mountains, ten miles north of EI Paso. LLANO COUNTY. MASON CoUNTY. "The most favorable points, judging from the knowledge thus far acquired, are in the region about Barringer Hill and westward in Llano county, and in the country about the headquarters of Herman and Willow Creeks, in Mason county."-Comstock. Herman Creek. C. CELESTITE. Coelestino. Strontium Sulphate. Sr SO,. When crystalline, tabular or prismatic; sometimes pyramidal; aloe fibrous, radiated, granular. In color white or bluish, hence its name. Lustre vitreous or pearly. Streak white. Specific Gravity, 3.95-3.fl7. Hardness, 3-3.5. BURNET COUNTY: Strickling. C. LAHPASAS COU1"TY : "Celestite crystals, sometimes of gigantic 11ize."-Dana. Five miles north of Lampasas. C. TBAVIS COUNTY : At Mt. Bonnell, on the Colorado River above Austin. ~min CERARGYRITE. Horn Silver. Silvm· Chloride .. Ag. CL Crystals small, of the Isometric System, i. e., following the octahedron,. cube, rhombic dodecahedron or some related form; sometimes columnar; generally massive and wax-like; incrusting. Color gray, white or green,. }'ellowish, occasionally blue. Streak gray. Lustre adamantine, resinous. Specific Gravity, 5.55. Hardness, 1-1.5. TRANS-PECOS REGION.** BREWSTER COvNTY: Reported from Chisos Mountains. CEROLITE. See K erolite. CERUSSITE. White Lead Ore. Lead Carbonate. Pb 003• Crystals, often in clusters, tabular, prismatic, pyramidal; twins com­mon; six-rayed groups. Massive, compact; also "in long silky bundles.', White, gray, grayish-black. Lustre adamantine to pearly. Brittle. Spe­cific Gravity, 6.46-6.5'1. Hardness, 3-3.5. Brittle. TRANS-PECOS REGION.** CHALCEDONY. A. Gryptocrystalline variety of Quartz. Si 02• Of various colors, of which white, gray, blue, brown and black are the most prominent. Waxy in lustre. In many forms, botryoidal, mamil­lary, etc.; often forming the lining of or filling cavities. Specific Gr::n­ity, 2.59-2.64. Hardness, 7. PREsrn10 Cot:NTY: Near Van Horn. SAN SABA COUNTY: Northeast of Barton's on Hinton Creek.* Deep Creek Region.* TRAns CovNTY: "Some fine specimens of chalcedony have been found in Travis county in the neighborhood of the disturbances caused by the Pilot Knob eruption."-E. T. Dumble. CHALCOCITE. Copper Glance. Vitreous Copper. Re.druthite. Cop­per Sulphide. Cu2S. Occurs both in crystals and massive. In the latter for:rn granular to compact. Color blackish to lead gray, dull; from tarnish sometimes blue or green. Streak like color. Brittle. Specific Gravity, 5.5-5.8. Hardness, 2.5-3. "NORTHWESTERN PART OF THE STATE." ARCHER COUNTY. C. EL PASO COUNTY: Carrizo. forty miles ea.st of El Paso, with copper pyrites and copper carbonates carrying silver. Hazel Mine.** LLANO COUNTY: Ba.bvhead :Mountain. C. Parkhill .Ranch, four miles north of Llano. STONEWAI,L COUNTY. THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. 19 CHALCOPYRITE. Copper Pyrites. Yellow Copper Ore. Copper· iron Sulphide. Cu Fe S2• In tetrahedral or octahedral crystals or massive. Of a yellow, especi­ally a brass-yellow color; often iridescent. Streak greenish black. Lus­tre metallic. Specific Gravity, 4.1-4.3. Hardness, 3.5-4. BURNET COUNTY. C. EI. PABO COUNTY:** Near Carrizo. Quitman Mountains. C. ** Carrizo Mountains.** Between Sierra Blanca and Hueco Range.** LLANO COUNTY: Miller Mine, with malachite and azurite.* Mexican Diggings, Babyhead Creek.* "Elsewhere over the Central Mineral Region, but nowhere abundant."* CHERT. A Cryptocrystalline variety of Quartz. Hornstone. Si O". BURNET COUNTY: In Silurian Beds.* GILLESPIE COUNTY : In Silurian Beds.* KIMBLE COUNTY: In Silurian Beds.* LLANO COUNTY: In Silurian Beds.* MASON COUNTY: "In the Cretaceous of Mason Mountain and other districts." McCm.LocH CouNTY: In Silurian Beds.* SAN SAHA COUNTY: In Silurian Beds.* CHLORITE GROUP. Silicates of a green color in which ferrous iron is a prominent ingredi­ent. Closely related to the micas. "Chemically considered, the chlorites are silicates of aluminum with ferrous iron and magnesium chemically combined with water. Ferrie iron may be present replacing the aluminum in small amount; chro· mium enters similarly in some forms, which are then usually of a pink irn1tead of the more common green color. Manganese replaces the ferrous iron in a few cases. Calcium and the alkalies--character­istic of all true micas-are conspicuously absent, or present only in small amount."-Dana's Text-Book of .Mineralogy, New Ed., p. 472. CHLORITE. Hydrov_.c; Magnesium-ferrous-aluminum-silicate 1s re­corded as occurrrng rn GILLESPIE COUNTY: South of Enchanted Rock.* LLANO COUNTY: Little Llano Creek.* Honey Creek.* CHLOROPAL. A Hydro'Us-ferric Silicate. Aluminum may be preti­ent. Fe20 3• 3Si 0 2• 5H2 0. :Massive and opal-like, with conchoidal fracture, or earthy. Of t\ greenish yellow color. Specific Gravity, 1.72-1.87. Hardness, 2.5-4.5. LLANO COUNTY: Johnson's Creek.* CHRISTOPHITE. A variety of Sphaleritlt. Black 8phalerite. TRANS-PECOS REGION.** EL PASO COUNTY: Quitman Mountains. CHRYSOCOLLA. Hydrous CoJ'per Silicate. Cu Si 03• 2H20. Encrusting or botryoidal, in seams, opal or emanel-like in appf'arance. In color various shades of blue and green; dark when impure. Brittle. Fracture conchoidal. Lustre vitreous to earthy. Streak white. Spe­cific Gravity, 2-2.23. Hardness, 2.4. EL PASO COUNTY: Foothills of the Sierra Diablo.** CINNABAR. Mercuric Sulphide. Hg S. Crystals six-sided prisms or thick tabular. At times acicular, incrust­ing, granular, massive. Often impure from the presence of clay, oxide of iron, bitumen, etc. Color bright red, brownish-red, gray. Hardness, 2-2.5. Specific Gravity, 8.9-8.2. Streak bright red. Liver ore or brown cinnabar has a brown streak. BREWSTER COUNTY: Terlingua and vicinity, in Blocks Gl2 and G4. COAL. As distinguished from the Lignites (Tertiary), the coals of Texas are of the Carboniferous (Bituminous) and Cretaceous (Semi-bituminous) Ages. In the list of counties following this distinction will, as far as possi­ ble, be observed. First are given those in which Carboniferous coals are known to occur, or in which they are mined; second, those in which Cre­ taceous coals occur or are mined. For analyses of Texas coals by Messrs. Palm and Worrell, see Bulletin of the University of Texas Mineral Survey, No. 3, p. 52-53. I. Carboniferous Coals. ARCHER COUNTY: Southwest part. BROWN CoUNTY: Northwest part. Pecan Bayou, near Byrd's Store. COLEMAN COUNTY: Outcropg approximRtely on a line from Waldrip, in McCulloch county, to Jim Ned Creek, near the Brown county line. Four miles ea!'t of Santa Anna. On Home Creek, six miles west of Trickham. Twenty-eight inches thick. On Bull Creek, Gibson Shaft, northeast of Waldrip. rwenty-four inches thick. THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. 21 EASTLAND COUNTY: Western part. Near Cisco. Smith-Lee Mine (upper bench, one foot one inch. Smith-Lee Mine (lower bench), one foot three and three quarter inches.-U. T. M. S. ERATH COUNTY: Northwestern part. Thurber-extensively mined. Twenty-eight to thirty inches, witk shale partings. Oomposition of Ooal. Texas & Pacific Ooal Oompany's Mine. (U.· T. M. S.): I. Proximate Analysis-Natural Oondition. Moisture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.36 Volatile and combustible matter... . .. . . . . . .. . .. . ........ . ....31.91 Fixed Carbon .. . . ... .... . ............ .. . ... . . .... .. . .. . ....43.03 Ash ........ .... .. ... . .......... . .... . ... ................ .. 19.70 Sulphur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.04 Proximate Analysis-On Dry Basis. Volatile and combustible matter............................. 33. 72 Fixed Carbon .. .......... . .......... .. ...... . ... . . ... ..... .45.47 Ash ................. .. . . ..... .. .. . ... . . . . . ... . .. . .........20.81 Sulphur ......... .. .. .... .. .... ................ . ..... .. .. .. 2.16 II. Proximate Analysis-Natural Condition. Moisture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.46 Volatile and combustible matter.... ............ ........ ......35.66 Fixed Carbon .... . .... ... ... ..... .. . ... ... .. ..... . ........ .49.17 Ash ......................................... ............... 9.71 Sulphur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.61 Proximate Analysis-On Dry Basis. Volatile and combustible matter... . . . ...... . ............ . ....37.72 Fixed Carbon ...................... .. . ...... . . .. . . .. . .... .. 52.01 Ash .. ............... . ...... . . ... . ... .. .... ............ .... 10.27 Sulphur .. . .... ..... .. .. ..... . . . ... . ......... . . . .... . ...... 1.71 -Bull. Univ. of Texas Min. Surv., No. 3, p. 52. Johnson Mine. C. JACK CoUNTY: Northern and northwestern parts. On West Fork of Trinity River. Antelope, eight to eighteen inches. Gertrude. Eastern part of the county. McCULLOCH CouNTY: Milburn. Few inches thick. Near Vlaldrip. Finks Mine, twenty-eight inches. MONTAGUE COUNTY: Southwestern .part. Near Bowie. Max Elser Mine, four miles west. PALO PINTO COUNTY: Outcrop runs southwest from Keeler to Thurber. Keeler, ten inches thick.-U. T. M. S. Strawn, one foot eleven and a half inches.-U. T. M. 8. Palo Pinto Mine. C. Gordon. p ARKER COUNTY: \vestern part. Near Millsap. Rock Creek Mines, one and a half to two feet and over. STEPnENS COUNTY: Northwestern part. Crystal Falls. Wizeart Mine, two and a half feet with four-inch part­ ing.Albert Sidney Johnston Mine, six miles west of Crystal Falls--coal formerly used by the government troops at Fort Griffin. WISE COUNTY : Western part.Near Bridgeport, on both sides of Trinity River, one and a half to two feet. YOUNG COUNTY: Outcrop runs diagonally from northeast to southwest. Flat 'fop, eight miles northeast of Graham, twenty inches. Coal Bank Branch, five miles west of Flat 'fop, twenty-four inches. Salt Creek. Near the mouth of Coal Creek, two feet. At and near Belknap. Near Wagon Timber Creek. Jones Mine, forty-two inches with four­ inch parting. II. Cretaceous Coals. BREWSTER COUNTY: East and south sides of Chisos Mountains. "On the east and south side of the Chisos Mountains there are extensive areas of the Montana formation in which there are coal beds of unknown value."-R. T. Hill, Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv., No. 164, p. 86. See also Bull. No. 4, Univ. of Texas Min. Surv., p. 73. Between Alpine and Paisano Pass. EL PASO COUNTY: Eagle Springs, Eagle Mountains. (Age doubtful.) Between Sierra Barda and the Rio Grande. (Age doubtful.) See W. H. von Streeruwitz, Geol. Surv. of Texas, Vol. IV, Pt. I, p. 175, 1893. MAVERICK COUNTY: Eagle Pass Coal Field: Old Hartz Mine, five miles northwest of Eagle Pass. Coal four and a half to five feet thick, not counting the partings. Maverick County Coal Company's Mine, four miles north of Eagle Pass. Thirty-eight inches of coal separated by two partings each two inches thick. A foot and a half below this, one foot four inches of coal. Oomporition of OoaZ. (U. T. M. 8.) : Proa!imate Analysis-Natural Condition. Moisture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.40 Volatile and combustible matter... . . .. . . . . . . . .... . .... .. ... ..33.08 Fixed Carbon .............. ..................... ...... ..... 40.09 Ash ................... ..... ......... .......... .......... .. 17.43 Sulphur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.28 Proa:imatc Analysis-On Dry Basis. Volatile and combustible matter.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... 36.52 Fixed Carbon ........................ ........ .... ......... .44.16 .Ash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... .... 19.22 Sulphur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.42 -Bull. Univ. of Texas Min. Surv, No. 3, p. 52. THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. 23 Dolch and Company's (now the Rio Bravo Coal Company's) Mine, one mile south of the preceding. Coal cut by several partings. Onion Creek. C. Olmus Creek Bottom, seven miles north of Eagle Pass. 0. P. Hector's Place, two and a half miles below Eagle Pass. "The [Eagle Pass] coal is dark, does not air slack, is lustrous or brownish black, has a brown streak and subcubical cleavage. Usually no woody structure is apparent."-T. \Yayland Vaughan, "Reconnois­sance of the Rio Grande Coal Fields of Texas," Bull. of the U. S. Geol. Surv., No. 164, p. 60. The :Maverick-Zavala Boundary, four miles north of the Dimmit county line. PRESIDIO COUNTY : San Carlos Coal Field. ZAVALA COUNTY: Two or three miles from the mouth of Mula Creek. Poor CLAY IRON STONE. Carbonate of Iron. See Siderite. CLAYS. See Brick Clay, Fire Clay, Pottery Clay. COL UMBITE. Iron-manganese-niobium-tantalate. (Fe, Mn) (Nb, Ta)2 06• A black, brownish-black or grayish mineral. Often iridescent. Streak reddish to black. Lustre submetallic, subresinous, sometimes shining. Specific Gravity, 5-6. Hardness, 6-6.85. LLANO COUNTY: Barringer Hill. On the authority of Dr. Edgar Everhari.. COPPER, NATIVE. An element. Cu. Often arborescent, filiform and wire-like. Also massive and in sheet:>. Crystals when present frequently distorted. Of a copper-red color. Hardness, 2.5-3. Specific Gravity, 8-8.9. Both ductile and malleable. EL PASO COUNTY: Hazel District, north of Van Horn. COPPER ORES, PERMIAN. "The existence of copper ores in the Permian measures of Texas has long been known, and these ores have been, from time to time, the object of geological researches and mining developments. * * * "The ore appears principally in two zones of the Permian rocks, namely, the Red River zone in the counties of Archer, Wichita, Mon­tague, Hardeman and Wilbarger, and the Brazos River zone in the counties of Haskell, Baylor, Stonewall and Knox. * * "The Permian copper-ores appear in several horizons, and there exist two such horizons in each of the above mentioned zones. In the Red River district, the lower horizon is reported near Belcher, in Montague county. It belongs to the lowest Permian, and lies not much above the line of contact with the underlying Coal-Measures. The upper horizon of the Red River district is represented in Archer and Wichita counties, etc. "The lower copper-horizon of the Brazos River zone appears in the counties of Haskell and Baylor, and the upper horizon in Stonewall eounty, etc. * * * * * * "* * * The occurrences of copper-ores are scattered over a large area of . .Archer and Wichita counties, and the ore of .Archer county appears principally in the marls and clay-slates as pseudomorph after wood ( cuprified branches of trees, to a thickness of several inches in diameter), and as larger or smaller nodules (up to 4 or 6 inches in diameter), most or all of which a:r.e of fossiliferous origin. "Copper-ore is found also in irregular amorphous masses, inter­mixed with and impregnating the marl and clay-slate. In a third form it occurs 'as numerous small pebbles in a hardened cupriferous conglomerate.' .And, finally I found such nodules of copper-ore seated in hard clay-slate and even in sandstone. "The copper-ore consists principally of green, blue and dark silicates and carbonates of highly varying percentage. The cuprified wood runs mostly high in copper, generally between 20 and 60 per cent., and the same is true of the nodules. When impregnating or inter­mixed with the clay and marl, the ore mostly contains less than 20 per cent. of copper; so does the conglomerate, etc."-E. J. Schmitz, Trans. .American Institute of Mining Engineers, Vol. 26, p. 97, et seq., 1897. CREDNERITE. Copper-manganese Oxide. Foliated. 30u 0. 2Mn20 3• Iron black to steel gray. Foliated. Metallie lustre. Streak black­brown. Specific Gravity, 4.9-5.1. Hardness, 4.5. EL PASO COUNTY: West of the Sierra Blanca.** Hunter District, Quitman Mountains.** OUPRITE. Red Copper Ore. Cu20. Crystals in the form of octahedrons, cubes and dodecahedrorts and their modifications. Massive, granular, earthy. Of a red color-some­times dark. Streak brownish red of different shades. Specific Gravity, 5.85-6.15. Hardness, 3.5-4. Brittle; fracture conchoidal. BURNET COUNTY: V\Thite Eagle Mine, five miles west of Burnet. TRA:'ii'S-PECOS REGION.** EL PASO COUNTY: Boracho Mountains.** Big Gulch District, Quitman Mountains.** CUPRO-DESOLOISITE. A massive variety of Descloisite in the form of crusts, reniform masses, etc., with 6.5-9 per cent of copper. TRANS-PECOS REGION.** OYANOTRICHITE. Lettsomite. 40u 0. Al20 3, S03• 8H20.-Genth. "Occurs in velvet-like druses of short capillary crystals; sometimes in spherical globules."-Dana's System. Color bright blue. TRANS-PECOS REGION."* THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. CYPRINE. A blue variety of Vesuvianite or Idocrase, which with salt of phosphorus gives a copper reaction. LLANO COUNTY: "Babyhead Region (with idocrase and copper ore)."* CYRTOLITE. Hydrous-zirconium Silicate, often with uranium, yttrium, etc. Crystals resembling rhombic dodecahedrons. Color brownish red. Lustre adamantine. Specific Gravity, 3.98-4.04. Hardness, 5.55. LLANO COUNTY: Barringer Hill.* C. "Cyrtolite has been found abundantly in both massive form and in good crystallizations. One hundred kilos have thus fai: been collected while mining the yttria minerals. * * * This mineral here occurs in thick plates attached to the biotite and also constituting veins in the coarse pegmatite. It is often the matrix of the thoro-gummite and fergusonite. Specific gravity=3.G52. It occurs in tetragonal forms with all the planes rounded, and polysynthetic groupings of crystals are very common. Its color ranges from dull gray, through various shades of brown to deep brown and almost black. Hardness about 5."-Hidden and Mackintosh, Amer. Jour. of Science, III, Vol. 38, pp. 485, 486. At Hiram Castner's, I m. s.-Dana. DIHYDRITE. See Pseudomalachite. C DOLOMITE. Pearl Spar. Calcium Magnesium Carbonate. Ca Mg 2 0 6=Ca C03• Mg C03• Crystallization rhombohedral. Curved faces common. Granular mas­sive like marble. Of various colors from white to black, gray, reddish, brown, green. Lustre vitreous to pearly. Specific Gravity, 2.8-2.9. Hardness, 3.5-4. CENTRAL MINERAL REGION: "Very common as rock masses, occasionally crystalline, in the Silu­rian and Cambrian systems."-Comstock. LI.ANO COUNTY: Little Llano Creek. TRANS-PECOS REGION.** ENSTATITE. Magnesium Siz.icate. Mg Si 0 3 =Mg 0. Si 0 2• Crystals not common. Lamellar, also fibrous or massive. Color yel­lowish, greenish white, gray. Specific Gravity, 3.1-3.3. Hardness, 5.rl. Brittle with an uneven fracture. BURNET COUNTY: Head of Clear Creek.* LLANO COUNTY: North Base of Long Mountain.* EPIDOTE. Pistacite. Hydrous Aluminum-ferric-calcium Silicate. H Ca2 (Al, Fe)3 Si3 013=H2 0. 4Ca 0. 3 (Al, Fe3)2 03• 6Si 0 2• Crystals prismatic, passing into acicular and fibrous forms. Granular massive. Color pistachio green (a peculiar yellowish green) varying from light to dark, the latter becoming black. Hed and yellow :forms 11.re known and sometimes grayish white and colorless. Lustre vitreous. Specific Gravity, 3.25-3.5. Hardness, 6-7. BURNET COUNTY : At "Capitol Rock." At Dupre's.-Dana. LLANO COUNTY : On Cherokee Road, one-half mile from Babyhead Postoffice.* C. Johnson's Creek.* Riley Mountains, near Click, Glen and Sandy Gaps.* Miller's Mine.* Oatman Creek, one and a half miles from Llano.* MASON COUNTY : Comanche Creek, three miles west of north from Mason.* Flemming Postoffice. * Near Fly Gap.* One-half mile from Llano on branch of Oatman Creek.* TRA.Ns-PEcos REGION.** EPSOMITE. Epsom Salt. Hydrous Magnesium Sulphate. Mg so. +7H20. In masses and crusts and especially as efflorescences on rocks. With 11. bitter saline taste. BROWN CoUNTY: Occurs in large quantities and of a purity sufficient to make it the source of an exceedingly cheap commercial product. Analysis by Dr. H. W. Harper: Water ..................... ......... .......... .. 40.0i 40.00 Silica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.-075 21.43 Alumina and Iron Oxides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.20 2.21 Magnesium Oxide ................. ...... ......... 12.381 12.38 Calcium Oxide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . trace Sulphur Trioxide ........ ....... .............. ... 24.014 24.01 99.74 100.03 Calculated to contain 76.13 per cent. MgSO., 7 H20. "A series of experiments demonstrated that the material yields crys­talized MgSO. within one or two per cent. of the analytical results."­Dr. Henry Winston Harper, Trans. Texas Academy of Science, Vol. II, Pt. 2, pp. 91-92, 1899. ESSONITE. See Grossularite. FASSAITE. A variety of Augite. "Includes the pa le to dark, sometimes deep green crystals, or pistachio green and thus resembling epidote."-Dana. BURNET COUNTY : From well on branch of Spring Creek.* FELDSPAR. See Orthoclase. THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF .LEXAS. 27 FELDSPAR, LABRADOR. See Labradorite. FERGUSONITE. Tyrite. Bragite. "Essentially a metaniobiate (and tantalate) of yttrium with erbium cerium, uranium, etc., in varying amounts; also iron, calcium, etc."­Dana. "l''ergusonite, mono-hydrated.-Specifi.c gravity=5.67. Hardness, 6-6.5, form tetragonal, with acute octahedral terminations, a zirconoid plane hemihedrally developed and, rarely, the basal pinacoid. The crys­tals are rough and dull gray exteriorly, but with a bronzy sub-metallic appearance on the surface of fracture, which is small conchoidal and brilliant. Thin splinters show a yellowish-brown translucence. Color, bronzy hair-brown. Streak and powder dull brown. It is infusible, but on ignition the powdered mineral changes to a pale olive-green color, and a momentary glow creeps over the mass at the point of redness. Fragments decrepitate violently when heated. With a microscope a pe­culiar light brown muddiness is noticed, and the mineral is filled with minute streaks and spots of a darker shade, all of which may indicate incipient alteration. "Crystals often have a thin coating of, or are otherwise partly altered to, the tri-hydrated variety next described. It is decomposed when in fine powder by hydrochloric acid, with separation of columbic acid. The analytical results are as follows : Analysis. Oxygen ratio. Cb;_ 0 3 ••• •••.•••..•.....•...•.•.••.•••.•.•. 46.27% 86.30 u u....................................... ... l.54 Vi9 Th 0 9 ................ ...... .. .. . ........... 3.38 2.56 ~!: 8::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: &gg 0.27 Atomic weights, 1.83 (A) Y 2 0 3 *.... ................... ......... 23.95 110.55 26.70 (B) Y 2 0 3 * ................................ 18.38 113.3 20.07 !>2.65 Pb 0........... ............................. 1.43 0.64 Zn 0 ............. ........................... 0.24 0.30 Cao.................... ..................... 0.10 0.18 Mg 0 ......... ... ........................... 0.04 0.10 Ignition Ha 0........ ...... ............ 1.98 11.00} 110° 0. H 9 0........ ..................... 0.04 15.W F .............................................. 0.91 Atomic ratio, 4.79 99.33 Less 0=.I!'..... .......... ... ......... ...... 0.38 98.95 *Total Y 2 0 3 etc., and Ce earths=42.33". "Fergusonite, tri-hydrated.-Specifi.c gravity=4.36-4.48, hardness about 5. Color deep brown, almost black, thin edges show a yellowish­brown translucence. Form and exterior appearance same as the species previously described. Streak and powder pale greenish-gray. On igni­tion turns light brown, but doP.s not glow nor decrepitate like ferguson­ite. I s decomposed by hydrochloric with separation of columbic acid. A.nalysis. Oxygen ratio. Ob1 0 5 .............•..••.••.•.••.••..•.•.•... 42.79 79.59 U08 ••• .•••••••.••••••.••.•.•••••••••••••• 3.12 3.24 U02 •••••••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 3.93 ·"'J'h o•......................······......... 0.83 0.62 2.901 .A.1 8 0 3 •.•••••.••••••••• ••• • ••••••••••••.••• 0.85 2.49 Fe s 0 3 •••••...•••••..••..•.••••• .•••••••• 3.75 Atomic weight, 7.03 51.08 Y1 0 3 etc.............................. . 31.36 -121.77 32.28 PbO........................... .......... . 1.94 0.87 Cao..................................... . 2.74 4.89 Ignition H 2 0 ....................... . 7.57 42.05}110° 0. H 1 0 .......................... . 0.62 -44.69 F-............................... ············ 0.502 Atomic ratio, 2.64 100.002 Less 0= F.............................. 0.206 99.796 -William Earle Hidden and J. B. Mackintosh. A.merican Journal of Science, III, Vol. 38, Dec., 1889, pp. 483 and 484. Also Trans. Texas Academy of Science .. Vol. III, pp. 139-140. LLANO COUNTY: Barringer Hill.* C. FERRO-CALCITE. LA.. variety of Calcite containing Fe C03• Calcium­iron Carbonate. BURNET COUNTY: Silver Mine Hollow.* LLANO COUNTY: Little Llano Creek, near Lone Grove.* Foot of Point Peak.* FIBROLITE. Sillimanite. Aluminum Silicate. Al2 0 3• Si 0 2• Crystals long and slender and often :flattened rhombic prisms; also in fibrous masses. In color brown, grayish brown, or pale green. Lustre vitreous. Specific Gravity, 3.23-3.24. Hardness, 6-7. BURNET COUNTY: Garnet Diggings, Clear Creek.* LLANO COUNTY: Honey Creek.* MASON COUNTY: Head of Elm Creek.* FIRE CLAY. A product of rock decay capable of resi.sting high tem­peratures. FAYETTE COUNTY. HARBISON COUNTY: Marshall. HENDERSON COUNTY: Athens. LIMESTONE COUNTY. In general associated with coal. See Coal for localities. THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. 29 FLINT. A variety of Quartz. Si02• In color gray, brown, brownish black, opalescent, pink. Lustre sub­vitreous. Fracture conchoidal-easily chipped, leaving a sharp edge. CENTRAL MINERAL REGION:* "In Silurian and Cretaceous limestones; somewhat common."-Com· stock. COMANCHE COUNTY: "Opalescent with fossil nuclei."-Hill. TRAVIS COUNTY: Barton's Creek. Taylor's Quarries, west of Austin. Deep Eddy Bluff, on the Colorado. "\Vhere these chalky limestones form the mesas of extensive pla· teaus, such as the remnants of the Grand Prairie west and southwest of Austin, the flints are left in great quantities as a residuum (the softer chalk being more readily decomposed into soils and washed away), and they cover large areas of country."-R. T. Hill. TRANS-PECOS REGION.** FLUORITE. Fluorspar. Calc-ium Fluoride. Ca F2• Crystals in the form of cubes, octahedrons, dodecahedrons, etc., with combinations. Cubes common. Also granular, coarse or fine, compact, massive. Of many colors-white, blue, green, yellow, red. The last not common. With a vitreous lustre and white streak. BREWSTER CoUNTY: In association with cinnabar. GILLESPIE COUNTY : Near Enchanted Rock. C. LLANO COUNTY: Barringer Hill.* "Fluorite occurs in some abundance. Masses of a pale greenish kind were found weighing fifty pounds tightly imbedded in the peg· matite. Purple and white shades have also been found. A very opaque dark purple kind has been found in small masses."-Hidden and Mackintosh, Amer. Jour. of Science, III, Vol. 38, p. 489. FRANKLINITE. (Fe, Zn, Mn) 0. (Fe, Mn) 2 0 3 • Crystals octahedrons or dodecahedrons, often modified so as to form grains. Granular massive, compact. Iron black. Reddish brown to black streak. J,ustre metallic, at times dull. Specific Gravity, 5.07­ 5.22. Hardness, li.5. Slightly affected by the magnet. TRANS-PECOS REGION.** GADOLINITE. Be2 Fe Y2 Si2 010.=Be2 Fe (Y 0)2 (Si 04) 2• "Gadolinite. In the fall of the year 1888, Dr. A. E. Foote sent me for identification a shining black mineral from Burnet County, Texas*. A preliminary examination, which I made, proved it to be Gadolinite, which excepting that from Colorado, described and analyzed by Mr. L. G. Eakins of the U. S. Geological Survey, had never been observed in *It is probable that Dr. Foote's specimens came from Llano county. this country. Since it became known that the mineral brought from Texas by Dr. Foote was gadolinite, large quantities have been obtained, some in crystals, weighing from seven to eleven pounds. I am indebted to Mr. W. Earl Hidden for some from Llano County, Texas, and give in the following the results of my analyses of this, as well as that re­ceived from Dr. Foote. "It has a black color; in thin splinters it is translucent with a dark bottle-green color; the fine powder is greenish-gray; fracture conchoidal to splintery. Specific gravity=4.201 (Burnet Co.) to 4.254 (Llano Co.)." Analyses: I. BURNET COUNTY. II. LLANO COUNTY. a b a b Si 0 2 •• . . . . . . . ..... ....... ..... •••• • •••.•••••• Al 2 0 3............... . ........... .. .. ..... ... Ce2 0 3 t)......... ........................... (Di, Lah 0 3 .. . .. ..... .. .. .......... ...... (Y, Er)2 0 3 •• ............ .. ............... Mn 0.... .... .. .. .. .. . . .. .. .... .. . . . ... .... ... 22.87*) · 0.28 2.65 5.22 44.35 0.22 23.40*) 0.33 2.76 5.17 44.65 not det. 22.80 0.31 2.66 5.01 44.45 0.18 22.92 0.29 2.85 5.33 44.30 not.det. Fe 0......... ...... ............. .... .. ....... Be 0..... ....... ...... ... . .. .. .. . . . .. .... . . ... 13.69*) 9.24 13.58 9.32 12.93 9.19 13.03 9.34 Mg 0.. .. .. .. .. .... ... .. .. .. ... .. . . .. .. .. .. ... Ca 0... .. . . .. .. . ... ...... ........ ..... . ...... 0.07 0.64 0.08 0.54 O.ll 0.71 not det. 0.78 Na8 0............. ........................... 0.20 not det.}K2 0........ ...... .. ....... .. .... ............ 0.15 not. det. Ignition.................................... 0.72 not det. lnsoluhle in dil. H 2 So•..... ...... not det. not det. 0.23 0.12 0.79 0.93 not det. not det. not det. 0.92 100.30 100.42 " *Includes the Fe20a and SiO., insoluble in dilute sulphuric acid. "tMr. L. G. Eakins informed me that he had found Th 0 2 in the Texas gado­linite. As I had not tested for it, I examined the eerie oxide, left from the four analyses, and found it to contain 3.22 per cent. of Th O,c " DECOMPOSED GADOLINITE FROM LLANO COUNTY. Spec. grav. . ............ .............. ......... ....... ............ . 3.592 Ignition ...... .... ................ ......... ........ ........... · ·. · · 9.30 Quartz ........................ .......... ............. ......... ... . l.03 Si o, ........................... .... ............................. . 22.11 (Ce, Di, La, Y, Er) 2 0, ... . ....... ... ...... . ... . . .. . . ... . ... ....... . 39.20 Fe2 03 •••••.••..••.••..•.•• .•• .•.••..••.•..•..•• •• · · • • · • • · · · • · · • • • · 14.53 Be 0 ....... .......... ....... ........... ........ ............ ...... . 6.03 Mn 0 ············· ...... .......... .......... .............. ....... . 0.22 Ca 0 .. ..................... ....... ........... ... .... ........ ..... . 5.58" F. A. Genth, "Contributions to ~!ineralogy, No. 44." Amer. Jour. of Science, III. Vol. 38, pp. 198-200, Sept., 1889. THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. 31 GADOLONITE, LLANO COUNTY, TEXAS. Sp. gr.==4.329.* Oxygen Ratio. ~ "Si 0 2.. •••. ..•••••••••••••• ••• .•.••••••••• •••••••••••••. •••• ••••. 23.79 79.30 Th 0 8... ••.• ••••••••..•••.••.•. ....• ...................... ...... 0.58 0.44 Mn 0... .......................................................... trace Fe 0....................................................... ...... 12.42 17.25 ~ GI 0....... ............................ .... ..... ....... ......... 11.33 45.18 Ca 0.......................................... .................. 0.74 1.32 63.75 MgO.......... ...... ...... ......... ................. ............. ~ Ka 0 ......................................................... ... traces 121.13 Na8 0 ................. ... ................................. .. . Al8 0 8••••.•••..••••••••..••••••••••••••..•.•.••.••.••••••..•..• } Fe8 0 3• •• ••• • ••• .. • ••• .. • •• . .• ••••. •• •• •••• ••• .• ••••• •• •• • • ••. . • 0.96 1.80 Cei 0 8• .. •••• ••• ... ... .. .. . • ••• •• •. •• ••• •• •. •• •• . .. . .. .•••• .• . .. 2.62 2.4_3 56.94 (Di, La)i 0 8 ........................_. •• •• • . ••••• •• • •• .. •• .• •••• 5.22 4.77 t (Y, Er), 0 0 ....... . .... ... ... . . . . . . .......................... 41.55 47.94 t ~ H 8 0.......... ................................................... 1.03 P. OG............................ ............................... 0.05 Insoluble ...................... ............................... 100.29" "*At 17° C. tDidymium spectrum very strong. tMolecular weight=260. §Erbium spectrum weak." L. G. Eakins. (Analysis of Gadolinite from Llano County, Texas.) See Hidden, W. E., and Mackintosh, J. B. A Description of Several Yttria ·and Thoria Minerals from Llano County, Texas. Amer. Jour. of Science, III, Vol. 38, pp. 474-486. December, 1889. This analysis was privately communicated to the authors of the above p!J.per by Professor E. W. Clarke. "History.-In July, 1886, the first piece of gadolinite (a mass of about 1! lbs.) was accidentally discovered, by Mr. J. J. Barringer, in Llano County, Texas. It was noticed projecting from an outcropping of granite and was detached therefrom and preserved merely because of its peculiar appearance. Later Mr. Barringer commenced digging at the locality, and in a short time unearthed a pocket of huge crystals and masses of this rare mineral aggregating not less than 500 kilos. This remarkable quantity was obtained by digging with a pick and shovel, in the partly decomposed surface rock and all came from a space not over 4 feet deep, 3 feet wide and 8 feet long. Until August, 1888, the true nature of the mineral remained unknown and meanwhile it received such local names as 'tin ore,' 'black jack zinc,' 'volcanic··glass,' etc. Later the name 'samarskite' was given to it and as such it was known until Mr. Barringer, upon sending it to New York in an endeavor to obtain 11 market for it. received the information that it was gadolinite:" W. E. Hidden and J. B. Mackintosh, "A Description of Several Yttria and Thoria Minerals from Llano County, Texas. A.mer. Jou.r. of Sci­ence, III. Vol. 38 p. 474, Dec. 1889. .LLANO COUNTY: Barringer Hill, five miles south of Bluffton" on the west bank of the Colorado River.* C. GALENA. Galenite. Lead Glance. Lead Sulphide. Pb S. Crystallizes in cubes and octahedrons and their combinations. Mas­sive, granular and sometimes fibrous. Color lead gray. Metallic. Spe­cific Gravity, 7.4-7.6. Hardness, 2.5-2.75. Galena often contains sil­ver. It is then termed Argentiferous Galena. BURNET COUNTY: Silver Mine Hollow, Beaver Creek." EL PASO COUNTY: Quitman Mountains:** Bonanza Mine. C. Alice Ray Mine. C.** Barlow Mine. C. Carrizo Mountains. C. Mt. Ord Range. C. Eagle 1\!fountains. ** GILLESPIE COUNTY: Iron Creek. C. LLANO COGNTY: Miller Mine, Babyhead Mountain. C. Mexican Diggin~rs, Babyhead Creek.* Mexican House, Baby head Creek.• Cold Creek.* Beaver Creek.* C. Riley Mountains.-Dumble. MASON COUNTY: Caylor's Diggings.* MONTAGUE COUNTY: "Small amounts taken from wells in westerD part of county."--Cum­mins. PRESIDIO COUNTY: Presidio Mine. C. Chinati Mountains.** C. Shafter Mine.** C. GARNET. See .Almandite, .Andradite, and GrosS'Ularile. GAS, NATURAL. .ANGELINA COUNTY: Burke. ATASCOSA COUNTY: Twenty miles southeast of Pleasanton. BEXAR COUNTY: Near San Antonio. Twelve miles southwest of San Antonio. BRAZORIA COUNTY: Near Alvin, Bryan Heights, near Velasco. Near West Columbia. Damon Mound. BROWN COUNTY:: Brownwood, in connection with salt water. COLEMAN COUNTY: Trickham and vicinity. THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. 33 COLORADO COUNTY: Rock Island. Near Columbus. COOKE COUNTY: Near St. Jo. DUVAL COUNTY: At Piedras Pintas, near Benavides. EL PASO COUNTY: South of Delaware Creek. ERATH COUNTY: Thurber. FAYETTE COUNTY: Five miles south of La Grange. The Cervanke Well. GRIMES COUNTY: Eighteen miles northeast of Navasota, near Lamb's Springs. HARDIN COUNTY: Sour Lake. HARIUS COUNTY: Taylor Place, seven miles from Houston. JACKSON COUNTY: Red Bluff. JEFFERSON COUNTY : Beaumont Oil Field. LAVACA COUNTY: Moulton. LIBERTY COUNTY: Six and a: half miles north of Dayton. LIMESTONE COUNTY: Kosse. Near Groesbeek. LIVE OAK COUNTY: Near Ramirena. MATAGORDA COUNTY: Big Hill. McCULLOCH COUNTY: Three miles south of Waldrip, on the Kellett Place. McMULLEN CouNTY: Crowther. NACOGDOCHES COUNTY: Bog Prairie. NAVARIW COUNTY: Corsicana Oil Field. NUECES COUNTY : Piedras Pintas. PALO PINTO COUNTY: Gordon. Five miles north of Palo Pinto. PECOS COUNTY: Fourteen miles northeast of Fort Stockton. RED RIVER COUNTY: Clarksville. TOM GREEN COUNTY: Four miles south of San Angelo. UVALDE COUNTY: Near Uvalde. VVASHINGTON COUNTY: Greenvine. 3-mln GIBBSITE. Hydrargillite. Al2 0 3• 3H2 0. Tabular crystals. Also in incrusting, mamillary, stalactitic and con­cretionary forms. In color white, grayish, greenish, reddish. Lustre pearly-vitreous. Specific Gravity, 2.3-2.4. Hardness, 2.5-3.5. SAN SABA COUNTY: Hinton Creek.* GLAUCONITE. Hydro·us iron potassium silica-te of a green color. CENTRAL MINERAL REGION: "Abundant as greensands of Cambrian period, and in grains in Cam­brian green limestones."-Comstock. EAST TEXAS: Disseminated in the strata associated with Tertiary Iron Ores. TRANS·PEcos REGION.** GOETHITE. Hydrous Ferric Oxide. Fe2 03• H2 0. Prisms showing vertical stri\l,tion often flattened. At times fibrous, radiating, concentric. Also in reniform and stalactitic masses. Color yellowish to blackish brown. Streak yellowish brown. Specific Gravity, 4-4.4. Hardness, 5-5.5. LLANO COUNTY: Little Llano Region.* TRANS-PECOS REGION.** GOLD. A Nati·ve Element. Au. Crystals often elongated and strung together in arborescent shapes; also occurs in nuggets, plates, scales and grains. Color golden yellow to silver white; sometimes red. Hardness, 2.5-3. Specific Gravity, 15.6­ 19.3. Malleable and ductile; not brittle as is Pyrite which is often mistaken for it. Streak the same as color; that of Pyrite is greenish­black. EI, PASO COUNTY: Franklin Mountains.** C. Quitman Mountains.** C. Carrizo Mountains. C. Sierra Blanca. C. Sierra Diablo, Sancho Panza Mine. C. In grawl hills near the Rio Grande between the Eagle and Quitman Mountains.** In float north of Finlay.** GILLESPIE CorNTY: * In small amounts. LLANO COUNTY:* Headwaters of Little Llano Creek and Babvhead Creek associated with silver-or copper-bearing minerals. · Big Sandy Creek, in alluvial deposits. Pecan Creek, placer sands. C. L'YALDE COUNTY: Chatfield's Switch. THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. 35 WILLIAMSON COUNTY : Twenty miles north of Georgetown. See paper "On the Occurrence of Gold in Williamson County, Texas," by Professor Charles A. Schaeffer, Transactions of the American Institute of Mining Engineers, Vol. XI, p. 318 et seq., 1882-83. Some specimens of limestone are quite rich in gold, but the occur­rence is apparently of no commercial importance. GRAHAMITE. Related to Asphaltum. Pitch black. Specific Gravity. 1-1.45. Hard­ness, 2. FAYETTE COUNTY: Buckner and O'Quinn Creeks. In very small quantities.-Dumble. Analyses of Fayette Oownty Gra,hamite, by L. /IJ. Magnenat. PROXIMATE ANALYSIS. ULTIMATE ANALYSIS. S1lpbur. Carbon...................................................... 76.19 Moisture.., ......... , ................. , .. None. None. Hydrogen................................................. 6.61 Volatile Matter..................... 57.90 2.50 0.39 Fixed llarbon......................... :i1.70 4.71 ~~t;~~~~:.-::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::·:·::: ::::::::::: 5.15 Ash......................................... 4.4-0 0.24 7.45 ~~bP.~~.~·:: ::::::::: ·::::::::: ::: :::··:.::::::::·:::::::::·. 4.21 100.00 Total Sulphur.................................... 7.45 I00.00 WEBB COUNTY: Webb Bluff on the Rio Grande. In small amounts associated with gypsum and sulphur.-:i;>umble. Analyses of Fayette County Grahamite, by L. E. Magnenat. PROXIMATE ANALYSIS. ULTIMATE ANALYSIS. Moisture.................................................. 0.30 Carbon..................... .............................. . 78.65 Volatile Matter.......................... ............ «.oo 7.50 Fixed Carbon......... ........ ......... ............... 52.80 ~It~~~~~~.::::::::::::::..:' :::::::::::::::::::::::·:::::: 0.15 Ash........................................................... 2.90 Oxygen........... ........................................ .. 5.08 Sulphur................................................. .. 5.42 100.00 Ash .......................................... ................ 2.90 Total Sulphur.................................... 5.42 Water ..................................................... o.ao 100.00 See note on the "Occurrence of Grahamite in Texas," by E. T. Dum­ble, TI'ans. American Inst. Mining Engineers, Vol. XX!, pp. 601-605. Summary in Trans. Texas Acad. of Science, Vol. III, pp. 95-96. GRAPHITK Plumbago. Black Lead. Carbon (C). Crystals tabular, six-sided. In foliated, scaly, granular, or compact masses. Sometimes columnar. In color gray to black. Greasy to the touch. Metallic lustre. Specific Gravity, 2.09-2.23. Hardness, 1-2. BREWSTER COUNTY. C. CENTRAL MINERAL REGION: Impure.' LLANO COUNTY: Near Graphite and Bessemer, flag stations on the Austin Division of the H. & T. C. R. R. Base of Long Mountain.* Public Pen Creek.* Near Sandy Mountain.* Cat Mountain.* East of Packsaddle Mountain.* Morley's Mine.* North, south, east and west of Llano.* :MASON COUNTY: Honey Creek Crossing of the Menardville Road.* Headwaters of Honey Creek." Caylor's Diggings.* GRAY COPPER ORE. See Tetrahedrite. GROSSULARITE. Hessonite. Calcium aluminum Garnet. Ca3 AI2 (Si 04) 3• Bmt.~ET COt;NTY: "Near Clear Creek."-Dana. EL PASO COUNTY : ** Quitman Mountains.** MASON CoUNTY : Martin Creek, near Fleming. : * GUM:MITE. "An alteration-product of uraninite of doubtful composition. la rounded or :flattened pieces looking much like gum. Specific Gravity= 3.9-4.20. Lustre greasy. Color reddish yellow to orange-red, reddish brown."-Dana. LLANO COUNTY: Barringer Hill.* GYPSUM. Hydrous calcium Sulphate. Ca S04+2H2 0. Crystals flattened, prismatic, or acicular. Massive and foliated lame1­lar-ste11ate; granular. Color white, gray, brown, brownish-red, yellow and other colors. Glistening to earthy. Specific Gravity, 2.314-2.328. Hardness, 1.5-2. Varieties: Selenite. Transparent and colorles8. Jn crystals or foliated masses. Radiated or Plumose Gypsum. Fibrous or Satin Spar. Compact massive Gypsum or Alabaster. Snowy Gypsum. Earthy or Rock Gypsum. "'Gypsite," the "overburden" of disintegrated gypsum . .ARMSTRONG COUNTY : Palo Duro Canon. C. BASTROP COUNTY: !Jrystals in clay. Colorado River below Bomb-Shell Bluff. HBAZOBIA COUNTY : Damon Mound. BREWSTER COUNTY : T,erlingua, and many other localities. EL PASO COUNTY: Quitman Mountains, granular. C. Northeast part, associated with sulphur. Ji'AYETTE COUNTY: "Chalk Bluff on the Colorado River, twelve miles above J,a Grange."­Penrose. THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. GRAYSON COUNTY: Selenite crystals, Iron Ore Creek valley, near the west Sherman-Den­ison road. HARDEMAN COUNTY: "Selenite. Head of Canal Creek."-Cummins. Commercial Deposits. At Acme Station, near Quanah. KENT COUNTY: "Satin Spar. Near Salt .Fork of the Brazos."-Cummins. Alabaster. Many places along the Salt Fork. Massive Gypsum. KING COUNTY: "In crystals. West of Eight Ranch."-Cummins. NOLAN COUNTY: Rose Gypsum, Sweetwater. Rosette Gypsum. C. RUNNELS COUNTY: Runnels. C. STONEWALL COUNTY: Fibrous Gypsum, Kiowa Peak. C. Salt Fork of the Brazos River. C. Double Mountain. C. TRAVIS COUNTY : Selenite in Del Rio Shales. Austin: Shoal Creek; also bluff near the mouth of Barton Creek. VAN ZANDT COUNTY: In Crystals 5-6 inches long. Burnet Creek, one mile east of Wills Point_ WEBB COUNTY: "Bluff fifteen miles above Laredo."-Penrose. TRANS-PECOS REGION:** Alabaster.** HEMATI'fE. Red Hematite. Iron Sesquioxide. Fe2 03• Crystals tabular. Common in a massive gra_nular state; also botry­oidal, stalactitic, lamellar, micaceous. In color steel-gray to iron-black giving a red streak or powder. Red earthy variety-Red Ochre. Lustre of crystals splendent. Specific Gravity, 4_9_5_3_ Hardness. 5.:'i-andy Mountain.* Davis Gap, King Mountain, in quartz. C. King Mountains.* Barringer Hill. "Magnetite is quite abundant, both massive and crystalized. It is always associated and intermixed with biotite. Octahedral crystals with planes of the cube, rhombic-dodecahedron and of the trapezo­hedron were found abundantly, though superficially they were coated with a thin micaceous layer and some uranium hydrate."-Hidden and Mackintosh, Amer. Journal of Science, III, Vol. 38, p. 476. Analyses of Llano County Magnetite, Iron Mountain, by 0. H. Palm a.nd S. H. Worrell, Assistant Chemists, U. T. M. S.: Metallic Iron . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.33 64.40 64.40 Silica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.38 6.52 6.54 Alumina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.69 trace trace Lime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . none none none Magnesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . none none none Sulphur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.44 trace trace Phosphorus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.032 0.048 0.045 Analysis of Magnetic Iron Ore from Bader Mine, South of Iron Moun­tain, Llano County, by Andrew M cOreath, Harrisburg, Pa.: Metallic Iron .................. . ... . . . ....... .. .......... 64.15 Silica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 .28 Titanic Acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.38 Phosphorus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.014 Average of five Analyses of Llano Oounty Magnetites by J. H. Hern­don and L. Magnenat: Metallic Iron .... ............................. .... ..... · · 63.31 Silica ... ....... .................... ...... · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 4.67 Alumina ......... ..... .............................. ·. · · 5.74 Lime ...... ......... ... .... ........ .... ..... ·· ········ ··· 0.57 J\1agnesia ................................ .......... ... · · · trace Sulphur .................... ...................... ... · .. · 0.092 Phosphorus .... ............. ... ............ ............ · · 0.064 -"The Iron Resources of Texas," by Wm. B. Phillips, Proceed· ings of Engineers' Society of Western Pennsylvania, March, 1902. MASON COUNTY: Near Pontotoc.* vVest of Pontotoc.* Bode Peak Region.* North of Fly Gap.* Kothmann Gap, near Fleming.* Gaylor's Diggings.* For an account of the Magnetites in the Central Mineral Region, see the following reports by Dr. Theo. B. Comstock: "Preliminary Report on the Geology of the Central Mineral Region," First .Ann. Rept. of the Geological Survey of Texas, 1889, p. 347 et seq. ; "Report on the Geology and Mineral Resources of the Central Mineral Region of Texas," etc., Second Ann. Rept. of the Geological Survey of Texas, 1890, p. 611 et seq. p ANOLA COUNTY: Magnetite Sands. PRESIDIO COUNTY: Chinati Mountains, siliceous.** TRANS-PECOS REGION.** MALACHITE. Green Copper Carbonate. Hydrous Copper Carbonate. 2Cu 0. C02• H20. Crystals circular and grouped. Usually occurs massive or as encrusta­tions. Surface stalactitic or botryoidal. Of a light green color and streak. Specific Gravity, 3.9-4.03. Hardness, 3.5-4. ARCHER COUNTY. C. BURNET COUNTY: vVhite Eagle Mine, five miles west of Burnet. EL p ASO COUNTY: Quitman Mountains,** Hunter Mine. C. Sierra Diablo,** Sancho Panza Mine, C ; King Bee Mine, C; Schlei­ cher Mine, C; Butler Mine, C. Sierra Blanca Mountains. C. Near Sierra Blanca.** C. Franklin Mountains. C. Carrizo Mountains.** C. van Horn Mountains.** HARDEMAN COUNTY. C. LLANO COUNTY: About three and a half miles east of Valley Springs.* Yoakum Creek.* Babyhead Region.* H. & T. C. R. R. lands, Little Llano Creek.* Miller's Mine.* C. \Volf and Pecan Creek waters.* THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. Pecan Creek. C. McGehee Place, head of Little Llano Creek.* Little Llano Creek. C. Parkhill Ranch, four miles north of Llano. .MASON COUNTY: On Comanche Creek, one mile west of Kooch ville.* Bauer Mine. C. Pontotoc. C. MONTAGUE COUNTY: In clay. PRESIDIO COUNTY : Chinati Mountains.** STONEWALL COUNTY: Paint Creek, in sandstone. Kiowa Park. TAYLOR COUNTY: Near Abilene. C. TRANS-PECOS REGION.** MANGANESE MINERALS. See Andradite; Psilomelane; Pyrolusite; Spessartite; Tephroite; Wad. "The manganese ores of Texas occur in the central part of the State, mostly in Mason, Llano and San Saba counties. The different deposits are from forty to sixty miles from railway transportation, and no ore has yet been shipped from any of them. Several places, however, liave been prospected, espcially the Spiller Mine and the Kothmann tract in Mason county, and, to a lesser degree, Horse :.\lountain, in Llano county. "The ores are associated with quartzites and gneisses, though mica­ceous and garnetiferous schists are frequently found in the neighbor­hood. The rocks are much disturbed and dip at various angles, some­times standing vertically. They are supposed to be of pre-Cambrian age. "The manganese minerals of the Central Texas region occur in the forms of oxides and silicates. The latter, so far as yet determined, generally represent manganiferous varieties of garnet, though the pro­toxide silicate of manganese known as tephroite has also been found. "The oxides of mangane;;e occur in either a. massive form or as a granular crystalline aggregate, the two being more or Jess intimately associated. The massive variety has a black color, a smooth con­choidal fracture, and a hardness of 6 to 7. The crystalline variety is black and often very soft, in which condition it represents pyrolu­site. The oxides are generally associated with more or less silica, which sometimes amounts to from 15 to 25 per cent., and makes the true mineralogical nature of the ores doubtful. Dr. T. B. Comstock notes the existence of psilomelane, pyrolusite, and wad in the Central Texas region."-R. A. F. Penrose, Jr., Geol. Surv. of Arkansas, Rept. for 1890, Vol. 1, pp. 432-433. "MODE OF OCCURRENCE OF MANGANESE ORES. Both the oxides and the silicates of manganese oceur, so far as observed, as lenticular layers in the quartzites and gneisses. They ha·;e not been seen anywhere to cut across the enclosing beds, but, OD the contrary, appear to follow the strike of the country rocks through­out their folds. They are not confined to one kind of roc:k, but have been observed in at least two different associations: at the Spiller Mine they are in quartzite, while at the Kothmann property and on Horse Mountain they are in gneiss. Though the manganese deposits are probably lenticular, alternately thinning out and appearing again beyond, they are often traceable for considerable distances, in some places for half a mile or more. They vary from a few inches to several feet in thickness and crop out along the summits and slopes of the mountains. They frequently contain lenticular strata of a si1!1i· Jar nature to the enclosing rocks."-R. A. F. Penrose, Jr., Zoe. cnt., p. 441. MARCASITE. White Iron Pyrites. Iron D-isulphide. Fe S2• See Pyrite. H MARGARITE. H ydrous-alwminum-calcium Silicate. 2 Ca Al4 Si2 012• Foliated; with mica-like cleavage but brittle laminae. l.Jolor grayish, white, pink, reddish, yellow. Lustre pearly to vitreous. Specific Grav­ity, 2.99-3.08. Hardness, 3.5-4.5. LLANO COlTNTY: Waters Creek, east of Riley Mountain.* Honey Creek (in white quartz).* MASON COUNTY: West of Fly Gap, on road to Pontotoc.* MARGARODITE A Form of Hydro-Mica. A Variety of Muscovite. In scales, talc-like. "'Margarodite, as originally named, was the talc-like mica of Mount Greiner in Zillerthal; granular to scaly in structure, lustre pearly, color grayish white."-Dana. GILLESPIE AND LLANO COUNTIES.* MARMATITE. Ferriferous Blende. See Sphalerite (Zinc Blende). ~fARTITE. An Isometric Form of Hematite. Ferric Oxide. Fe2 0 3• Crystals in cubes or octahedrons, probably pseudomorphous after mag­netite or pyrites. Of an iron black color having a bronze tarnish, but with a reddish or purplish brown streak. Specific Gravity, 4.8-5.3. Hardness, 6-7. LLANO COUNTY: Barringer Hill.* "Martite was very common, being an alteration from the magne· tite. Crystals having a black color interiorly and preserving the cleav­ages of magnetite, but having no magnetite properties were very com· monl:v observed."-Hidden and Mackintosh, Amer. Journal of Science, III, Vol. 38, p. 476, 1889. MASSICOT. Lead Monoxide. Pb 0. "Massive, scaly, earthy. Color yellowish, reddish."-Dana. Specific 'Gravity, 7.83-9.36. Hardness, 2. TRANS-PECOS REGION.** THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. 55 MELACONITE. A Variety of Tenorite. Black Copper. Cupric Oxide. Cu 0. Black; massive. TRANS·PECOS REGION.** EL PASO COUNTY: Foothills of Sierra Diablo.** MELANITE. A Variety of Andradite, the Calcium and Iron Garnet, which includes in part the Black Garnet. IJLANO COUNTY: Little Llano Creek, near Lone Grove, in float.* MELANTERITE. Copperas. Green Vitriol. Iron Vitriol. Hydrous Ferrous Sulphate. Fe S0,+7H2 0. "Usually capillary, fibrous, stalactitic, and concretionary; also massive, pul verulent." Green of different shades to white in color; yellowish, especially on ex­posure. Lustre vitreous. Translucent. Hardness, 2. Specific Gravity, 1.89-1.90. Brittle. BASTROP COUNTY: Elgin. CORYELL COUNTY: Copperas Cove. UVALDE COUNTY. l\fENACCANITE. Sec Ilmenite. MERCURY. Quicksilver. A Native Element. Hg. In bright metallic globules. Of a tin-white color. Specific Gravity, 13.596. BREWSTER COUNTY: Near ·rerlingua. "Found in its native state filling cavities in the limestone and as globules in crevices of rocks impregnated with cinnabar,"-E. P. Spalding, Engineering and Mining Journal, Vol. 71, June 15, 1901, p. 750. See also Bull. No. 4, Univ. Tex. Min. Surv., October, 1902. METACINNABARITE. Mercuric Sulphide. Hg S. (See Cinnabar, which is of the same composition.) "Occurs in black tetrahedral crystals; also massive." Specific Grav­ity, 7.8. BREWSTER COUNTY: Terlingua District in small amounts; amorphous. METAGADOLINITE. A mineral substance covering Gadolinite. Original description: "The material enveloping the Gadolinite seems to be amorphous; dull, with an uneven fracture and brittle; its color is grayish brown; streak red, when powdered bright red. "It was found necessary to float off the suspended part in water from another portion which was not decomposable by hydrochloric acid, and this was repeated until a sample was wholly decomposable by that acid. The sHica did not gelantinize. "Hardness=3. Sp. gr.=3.494, "Not fusible before the blow-pipe. The fluxes indicated iron; heated in a tube it gave water. Heated with carb. soda upon charcoal it afforded a dark brown slag. "The analysis indicated great complexity of ·mixture: Si 0 2 ••••• • •••• • ••• • • 18.145 per cent. 0= 9.676 Ce3 0 4 ••••••••••••••• 20.662 per cent. 0=16.773 Fe2 0 3 ••• • •• • • • •••••• 26.026 per cent. 0= 7.807 Y 0 ..... ... ....... . . 21.854 per cent. 0= 4.500 Ca 0 .... . ..... . ...... 3.642 per cent. 0= 1.040 Mg 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.214 per cent. 0= 0.085 H 2 0 .. . ........ . .... 9.761 per cent. 0= 8.676 * * * * * * "I am not aware that this material over the Gadolinite has been named. I propose for it the name M etagadolinite." E. Goldsmith, Proc. Acad. of Nat. Sciences, Phila., May-Sept. 1889. p. 165. LLANO COUNTY: Barringer Hill.* METEORIC IRON. Native Iron found in Iron Meteorites and as grains or scales in Siderolites and Meteoric Stones. It is difficult to establish with precision the localities of the early dis­coveries of Meteoric Iron in Texas. BOSQl}E COUNTY: Five or six miles southwest of Iredell. "IREDELL METEORITE." Analysis by J. Edward Whitfield. Iron .. . .... . ..... . .......... . . .... . ... . ... . .... . ..... . .. 93.75 Nickel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.51 Cobalt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52 Phosphorus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Sulphur .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .06 100.04 -A.mer. Jour. of Science, IV, Vol. 8, p. 416, 1899. DENTON COUNTY: ..4.nalysis by Professor W. P. Riddell. Residue insoluble in NO. [H N08] • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 0.32814 Iron (mean of three determinations) . . . . . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. 94.02466 Nickel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.42982 Cobalt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a trace 99.78262 Specific gravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 .6698 -Transactions of the Academy of Science of St. Louis, Vol. I, No. 4, p. 624, 1860. THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. FAYETTE COUNTY: Bluff. "FAYETTE COUNTY l\IETEOBITE." Analysis by Chemical Laboratory U. 8. Geological 8uroey. Silica (SiO,) .. ... ............. . ........... . .. .. . . ....... 37.70 Metallic Iron (Fe) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.47 Protoxide of Iron (FeO) ...... ..... ......... .. ... . ..... ... 23.82 Alumina (Al201) •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 2.17 Phosphoric Acid (P20.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Lime ( CaO) . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . 2.20 Protoxide of Manganese ( MnO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 Magnesia (MgO) ..... . ................. ......... ....... . 25.94 Oxide of Nickel (NiO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.59 Metallic Nickel (Ni) .. . . . . .. . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .65 Oxide of Cobalt (CoO).. . ................................. .16 Metallic Cobalt (Co).. .. ........... ... ................ . .. .09 Sulphur (S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.30 99.79 Less 0 for S,=. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 99.14 Specific gravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.510 -A.mer. Jour. of Science, III, Vol. 36, p. 115, 1888. HAMILTON COUNTY: Northern part. "HAMILTON COUNTY METEOBITE." A.nalyaia by L. G. Eakins. Iron (Fe) ...... ... . . ..... . . .. . . ... .. ............. ..... . 86.54 Nickel (Ni) ....................................... . . ... . 12.77 Cobalt (Co) .............................. . .. . .. .. . . .... . 0.63 Copper (Cu) . ... . .......... ........... . ............. ... . 0.02 Phosphorus (P) ......... .. ... .. ... ... . ... .. ..... . ...... . 0.16 Sulphur (S) .............................. .......... ... . 0.03 Carbon (C) ...... .. ... .... . .... . . . ... ......... . ... .. .. . . 0.11 100.26 -A.mer. Jour. of Science, III, Vol. 40, p. 224, 1890. JOHNSON COUNTY: "THE RED RIVER METEORITE," 1836. Nickel (Ni) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.46 McLENNAN CouNTY: Mart. MONTAGUE COUNTY. MAVERICK COUNTY: Near Fort Duncan. Found June 10, 1882. "THE MAVERICK COUNTY METEORITE." Analysis by J. B. Mackintosh. Iron (Fe) .. ............ .. ..... .... ... ..... ....... .. . .. . . 94.90 Phosphorus (P) . . ......... ... ... .. ................ ...·. . . 0.23 Nickel and Cobalt (Ni and Co) ........ .. .. ... . . . .. . ...... . 4.87 Sulphur (S) ........................................... . trace Carbon (C) . ... . .. ........ .............. . ..... . .. ... ... . trace 100.00 Specific gravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.522 -A.mer. Jour. of Science, III, Vol. 32, p. 306, 1886. TOM: GREEN COUNTY: Seven miles south of San Angelo. "SAN ANGELO METEORITE." Analysis by Mariner and Hoskins, Ohioago, Ill. Iron (Fe) .. .......... ............ .. ...... .............. . 91.958 Nickel (Ni) .............................. .... .......... . 7.860 Cobalt (Co) .. . ..... . .... . ... .... ... . .. .. .. .. . . ... . .. ... . trace Copper (Cu) ... .. .. ..... . .... . ... . .......... . . .... .... . . 0.040 Phosphorus (P) ... .. ..... . . .. .. . .. ... . . . .. ..... . .... . .. . 0.099 Sulphur ( S) ..................... ...................... . 0.032 Manganese (Mn) .. . ........ . ........ . ......... .... ..... . trace! Silicon (Si) ................................. ........... . 0.011 Carbon (C) ........................................... ... . trace 100.000 Specific gravity ..... .. .. ...... ... .... ... .. .. .. .. .. . . . 7.7 -A.mer. Jour. of Science, IV, Vol. 5, p. 272, 1898. Specimen of this fall is in the collection of the University of Texas. WICHITA COUNTY : "WICHITA COUNTY METEORITE." "Long held by the Comanches as an object of worship. Removed to Fort Belknap in 1858 ('59?) by Maj. Neighbors." Analysis by Dr. J. W. Mallet. Iron (Fe) ....................... ........... ............ . 90.769 Nickel (Ni) .. ......... ................................. . 8.342 Cobalt (Co) .......... ........... ........... .... ..... ... . .265 Manganese (Mn) ...... .............. .............. .... .. . trace Copper (Cu) ..................... ...... ............ .... . .018 Tin (Sn) ...... ... .......... ............. .... ........... . .004 *Phosphorus (P) ............ .............. .............. . .141 *Sulphur (S) ............... ........... ........ .... ..... . .016 Graphitic Carbon ...... .............. ....... ............ . .190 .132 ~;~~ o~~~0·~Fe.O.) ~ · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 91.877 Specific gravity ......... ... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.841 *Both variable with the distribution of schreibersite and troilite. -Amer. Jour. of Science, Ill, Vol. 28, p. 287, 1884. The larger part of this fall is in the collection of the University of Texas. !HCA. See Biotite and Muscovite. MICROCLINE. Potash Feldspar. Green Variety=Amazon Stone. Resembles Orthoclase but the cleavage angle falls a few minutes short of 90°. Cleavage surface may be finely striated. Color white, red or green. Lustre vitreous to pearly. Specific Gravity, 2.54-2.57. Hard­ness, 6-6.5. LLANO COUNTY: Upper Ford of Llano River.• MASON COUNTY: Hermann Creek. C. THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. TRANS-PECOS REGION : As float south of Pena Colorado."-Von Streeruwitz. MOLYBDENITE. Molybdenum Disulphide. Mo S2• Crystals hexagonal; tabular or prismatic. Usually in foliated masses resembling Graphite. Also in scales or granules. Color lead gray. Greasy. Specific Gravity, 4.7-4.8. Hardness, 1-1.5. BURNET COUNTY: In granite, Granite Mountain. LI,ANo CouN·ry: Barringer Hill.* "Molybdenite occurs sparingly in quite large folia, and in hexag­onal tables, with cyrtolite and fergusonite."-Hidden and Mackin­tosh, Amer. Jour. of Science, III, Vol. 38, p. 485. MOLYBDITE. Molybdenum Trioxide. Mo 0 3• "In capillary tufted forms and earthy. Color straw-yellow."-Dana. EL PASO COUNTY: Sparingly north of Van Horn in Sierra Diablo."-Phillips. LI-ANO COUNTY: Barringer Hill.* "Molybdite was noticed in the cavities once occupied by molyb­denite and it often yet retained the plate-like form of the mineral from which it was derived by alteration. Its color was from white to greenish-white. Specific gravity=4.004. On two specimens indis­tinct crystals have been found, having a light apple-green color and almost perfect transparency. Qualitative tests have shown the absence of any large amounts of anything but molybdic acid."-Hid­den and Mackintosh, A.mer. Jour. of Science, III, Vol. 38, p. 485. MUSCOVITE. Potash Mica. Common Mica. Aluminum Potassium Silicate. H 2 K Al3 (Si 0 4) 3• Crystals tabular, usually six-sided. Commonly occurs in plates and scales. Laminae elastic. Color variou:>: white (or colorless), gray, yel­low, brown, and less frequently reddish, violet, greenish. Lustre vitreous (micaceous) . Specific Gravity, 2.76-3. Hardness, 2.2-5. Transparent; translucent. LLANO COUNTY: Head of Rocky Creek, east of Riley Mountain.* Johnson Creek.* Mexican Diggings, Babyhead Mountain.* Near 8andy Mountain Postoffice. * Near Smoothing Iron Mountain.* Little Llano Creek, below Lone Grove.* North of Lone Grove.* MASON COUNTY: North of Fly Gap, on the road to Pontotoc.* King Mountain. C. MANY OTHER LOCALITIES.* NICKEL. EL PASO COUNTY:** ''Nickel exists in the ores of the Hunter and Quitman Mountains. Bona prospects, and probably with the material of most of the Quit­man Mountain prospects."-Von Streeruwitz. NITRE. Saltpetre. Potassium Nitrate. KN 03• In tufts, masses or incrustations. Cave deposits. White, gray, yellow. Specific Gravity, 2. Hardness, 2. EL PASO COUNTY : North of Van Horn.-E. M. Skeats. SAN SABA COUNTY. NIVENITE. A Va·riety of Uraninite. A Hydrated Thorium-Yttrium­Lead U ranate. "This mineral we found intimately associated with fergusonite and thorogummite. It is as yet a rare mineral at the locality. Its specific gravity is 8.01, H.=5.5. It is velvet-black in color, and when powdered becomes brown-black. After ignition it turns blue-black. As yet only massive pieces have been found, but some of these suggest that the spe­cies may be isometric in crystallization. It is easily soluble in nitric and sulphuric acid, and some slight effervescence was noticed upon dissolving the mineral. The analysis gave the following results: Oxygen Ratio. U 0 3 ...... . ... . ...... . ..... .... .... .. u 02.............................. .. . Th 0 2 .................. .. .. .... .... 4ti.75 19.89 7.57 14.62 } 5.74 48.69=12. Y 2 0 3 Ptc.. .... ................... . Fe2 0 3 ... ...... ................... .. Pb 0 ....................... ....... . 11.22 Atomic weight 124.2 0.58 10.16 11.34 1.08 4.55 37.33= 9.20 (Ignition) loss H 2 0 .......... Insoluble ......................... . 2.54 1.22 14.11= 3.48 99.93 Hidden and Mackintosh, Amer. Jour. of Science, III, Vol. 38, p. 481. LLANO COUNTY : Barringer Hill.* OCHRE, RED. An earthy variety of Hematite. CHEROKEE COUNTY. MILAM COUNTY. C. PANOLA COUNTY: "Nuclei in limonite on the Wesley Gooden Headright."-J. B. Wal· ker, Second Ann. Rept. Geol. Surv. of Texas, p. 231. OCHRE, YELLOW. An earthy variety of Limonite. BASTROP COUN'l.'Y: Two miles south of Elgin. PANOLA COUNTY : "In geodes of limonite in northwestern part of county."-\Valker, Sec. Ann. Rept. Geol. Surv. of Texas, p. 231. OIL. See Petroleum. OLIGOCLASE. Soda-Lime Feldspar. Crystals rare. Usually in cleavable masses. White, gray, green, red­dish. Specific Gravity, 2.65-2.67. Hardness, 6-6.5. THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. 61 BURNET COUNTY: Granite Mountain.* LLANO COUNTY: Little Llano Region.* ONYX. A variety of Quartz. Si 0 2• Banded like Agate. Layers white, black, red, etc. PRESIDIO COUNTY: "Between Davis and Chinati Mountains."-Von Streeruwitz. TRANS-PECOS REGION.** OPAL. Amorphous Silica. Si 0 2+water. Massive, rcniform, stalactitic, etc. White, gray, yellow, red, brown, blue, etc. The precious variety shows a beautiful play of color. Spe. cific Gravity, 1.9-2.3. Hardness, 5.5-6.5. Lustre vitreous to pearly. EL PASO COUNTY: Van Horn Wells. LLANO COUNTY: Long Mountain (grains in felsite porphyry).* Float, Little Llano Creek Rgion. OPAL, WOOD. Opalized Petrified Wood. Si 02• WASHINGTON COUNTY. C. ORTHOCLASE. Common Feldspar. Potash Feldspar. Aluminum­Potassium Silicate. K Al Si3 08• The members of the Feldspar Group crystallize after two systems, the monoclinic and the triclinic. Orthoclase is monoclinic. Crystals usually prismatic. This mineral often well exemplifies twin­ning as for example in the "Carlsbad Twins." Also massive and cleava­ble; cleavage angle 90°. Color white, gray, yellow, flesh-red, greenish. Specific Gravity, 2.57. Hardness, 6. BURNET COUNTY: Headwaters of Clear Creek.* Clear Creek, near High Point.* Granite Mountain, large crystals. Headwaters of Clear Creek.* Hoover Valley.* Near Niggerhead Mountain.* Shannon's Quarry, in quartz.* Spring Creek Region, in granite.* LLANO COUNTY: Barringer Hill. "Orthoclase occurs massive and finely crystallized and in great variety of form. Twin crystals, of curious complexity, and simple forms are very common. Crystals of huge dimensions, a foot or more in length, more or less perfect, and smaller sizes abound, especially are they abundant on th~ contact of the vein wit~ the granite wall­ing."-Hidden and Mackmtosh, Amer. Jour. of Science, III, Vol. 38, p. 476. Cold Creek Region.* East of Dancer Peak.* Hickory Creek, Little Llano Region.* Johnson Creek.* Long Mountain.* Little Llano Creek.* Lockhart Mountain.* Mexican Diggings, Baby head Mountain.* Parker Place, west of Llano.* On Brady Road, west of Bauman's, Cold Creek Region.* Near Castell, on Chr. Sneider's place.* Nunneley's Mine.* Streeruwitz Mine.* Twin Mountains.* Upper Ford of Llano River.* MASON COUNTY: Kothmann's Water Gap, near Fleming.* North of Fly Gap.* West of Enchanted Rock.* West of King Mountain three miles. C. PEARLS. Of economic interest but not strictly within the province of descriptive mineralogy. Found in Unios, or Fresh Water Mussels in many of the streams of Texas. "O:f single pearls, one from Montpelier, Vt., valued at $300; one from Waynesville, Ohio, valued at $200; one from Boston, Texas, valued at $250; one pink pearl, 19-! grains, from Murfreesborough, Tenn., valued at $80; and another at $150; one from Llano, 'l'exas, valued at $95, have been sold in New York. G. F. Kunz, Gems and Precious Stones, 2nd Edition, p. 231. New York, 1892. PENNINITE. Pennine. Chlorite in part. Hydrous-magnesiwm­alu.niinum-ferric Silicate. Cleavage mica-like. Crystals tabular, steep rhombohedral or tapering six-sided pyramids. Occurs also in scaly masses or compact. Green in various shades, greenish red, pink, violet, yellow, white. Laminae flex­ible; inelastic. Specific Gravity, 2.6-2.85. Hardness, 2-2.5. LLANO COUNTY : Mexican Diggings, Babyhead Mountain,* PETROLEUM. Rocle Oil. Mineral Oil. A complex native hydrocarbon compound, having a disagreeable odor, of colors varying from black to brown, brownish-yellow and greenish­brown. Some varieties are thin and flow readily, others thick and more or less viscid . .ANDERSON COUNTY: New Palestine. Sand impregnation. BASTROP COUNTY: Near Elgin. BELL COUNTY: Western part. Small quantities near Belton. BEXAR COUNTY: Dulnig Place, seven miles south of San Antonio. J. Linn Survey, ten miles south of San Antonio. BRAZORIA COUNTY: Kaiser Mound, near Columbia. BREWSTER COUNTY: Six miles east of Terlingua, in bituminous shale. BROWN COUNTY: Brownwood. BURLESON COUNTY: Near Rita. CALDWELL COUNTY: Near Lockhart. CLAY COUNTY: Two miles from Hurnville, north of Henrietta. COLEMAN COUNTY: Near Trickham. COOKE COUNTY: Muenster, west. CORYELL COUNTY: Gatesville. DENTON COUNTY: Reported six miles from Denton. DUVAL COUNTY: Piedras Pintas, near Benavides. EDWARDS COUNTY : Reported near Rock Springs. EL PASO COUNTY: Twenty miles north of Van Horn, in small amounts. GONZALES COUNTY: Near Ottine. GRIMES COUNTY: Near Keith. Lamb Springs neighborhood. HARDIN COUNTY: Saratoga. Sour Lake. JACK COUNTY: Ten miles north of Jacksboro. JEFFERSON COUNTY: Tlie Beaumont Field. Analysis of Upper Oil (875-899 feet), Lu,cas Well, by Dr. E. P. Schoch, of the School of Ohemistry, Unwersity of Temas. Specific gravity at 60° F., 0.9218 ( 22° B.). Fractions, ordinary distillation. Scarcely any distillate up to 212° F. Degrees F. 212-320 .... ,., , ..... ,. ,, .. " ............... ········ ·· 320-410 ............................ , ................. 410-464 ................... ........ ······ ...... ····· 464-500.......... ......... ,, ............. ........... . 500-680 ..... ................. ........................ Above 680 ......................................... . Residue .............. ............................. . Loss .............. ....................... ........... . Per cent. of yield by Vol. 1.96 5.07 14.60 8.02 26,08 37.08 3.33 3.86 100.00 Color. Clear white. Light straw yellow. Deeper straw yellow. Deep yellow. Light red brown. Dark brown; fluorescent. Analysis of Lower Oil (Commercial Crude Petroleum, 1120-1139 feet), Lucas Well, by Dr. E. P. Schoch. Specific gravity at 60° F., 0.916 (23° B.). DegreesF. 212-230 ....... ········ ······························ 230-410.......... .................. .................. 410-464 ....... ...................................... . 464-500... ............... ........................ .. . 5(}()...680....... ............. ..... .............. ....... Above 680........................................ . Residue ............................................ Loss ................................................ . Percent. of yield by Vol. 1.78 6.41 6.88 12.14 18.65 44.134 4.24 5.26 100.00 Color. Clear white. Light straw yellow. Deeper straw yellow. Deep yellow. Light red brown. Dark brown; fluorescent. NOTE.-At 311° F., a white sublimate appeared in th" condenser, probably sulphur. At 338° F., sulphuretted hydrogen fumes were quite strong. From 572°-662° F., scarcely any distillate.-Bulletin of the University of Texas Mineral Survey, No. 1, pp. 71-72. LivE OAK COUNTY: Atascosa Creek, twelve miles north of Oakville. McCULLOCH CoUNTY: Near Milburn. McLENNAN CouNTY : Near Waco. McMULLEN COUNTY : Crowther. MEDINA COUNTY : Near Dulnay. MONTAGUE COUNTY: St. Jo, east. NACOGDOCHES COUNTY: Oil Spring, six miles south of Melrose. Chireno. NAVARRO CoUNTY: The Corsicana Field. Analysis of Corsicana Oil by Dr. Henry Winston Harper, Professor of Chemistry in the University of Tea;as. Color, very dark brown, almost black; opaque except in thin layers; greenish fluorescence. Viscosity, not determined; but the oil is very mobile at 32° F. Sediment, none. Water, none. Flash point, 73° F. Specific gravity, 63.5° F., 0.8586, equivalent to 33° Beaum~. THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. Percentage. Fractions. Specificgra.vity. Color. By Vol. By weight. 77°-203° F. 203°-230°..... 230°-248°..... 248°-302°..... 302°-347°..... 347°-392°.. ... 392°-428°..... 428°-437° .. ... 437°-482°..... 482°-536° .. ... 536°-592°..... Residue ...... Total ...... 1.6 1.28 9.9 8.37 6.14 5.48 7.14 6.65 9.32 8.8 5.56 5.29 15.36 14.51 8.U 7.M 13.0 12.36 8.7 8.45 2.0 2.18 ........... ... 9.2 86.72 90.11 0.6912 0.7265 0.7650 0.800:~ 0.8107 0.8211 0.8115 0.8095 0.8012 0.834) 0.9393 .............. ·----------·­ Colorless. Colorless. Colorless. Colorless. Pale yellow. Pale yellow. Straw; blue fluorescence. Light brown; blue fluorescence. Light brown; blue fluorescence. Brown; blue fluorescence. Brown; solid at ordinary tempera­ ture. NoTE.-The yield of the fraction 77°-203° was greater than 1.6 per cent., but a portion of it was unfortunately lost before the entire amount was measured.-Bulletin of the University of Texas Mineral Survey, No. 1, pp. 48-49. The Powell Field. Frost. NUECES COUNTY: Puerto-Richard King's Ranch. PAW PINTO COUNTY: Near Strawn. One mile north of Mineral Wells. PEcos COUNTY: Fifteen miles northeast of Fort Stockton. Twenty-two miles north of Fort Stockton. REEVES COUNTY: Pecos Valley, above and below Pecos City. Nine miles north of Toyah. SAN AUGUSTINE COUNTY: San Augustine. SIIELBY COUNTY: Near Timpson. TARRANT COUNTY: Near Fort Worth. TRAVIS COUNTY: Walnut Creek, nine miles north of Austin. WILSON COUNTY: Sutherland Springs. PHLOGOPITE. A magnesium Mica. (K2 Mg Al)2 Si 04• Crystals often large, coarse and prismatic, usually 6-sided. Occurs also in plates and scales which are elastic. In color yellowish brown or reddish brown, with a copper-like reflection, or it may be colo:i:.less, white and sometimes green. Specific Gravity, 2.78-2.85. Hardness, 2.5-3. Resembles Biotite. 5-mln LLANO COUNTY: Barringer Hill.* (Of doubtful occurrence, but announced on the authority of Dr. Edgar Everhart.) PLATINUM. A Native Element. Pt. In grains and scales, crystals unusual. White to steel gray in color and streak. Lustre metallic. Malleable and ductile. Specific Gravity, 14­19 native; 21-22 when chemically pure. Hardness, 4.-4.5. EL PASO COUNTY: Traces on the west side of the Quitman Mountains.** POTTERY CLAY. A product of rock decay suitable for the manu­facture of vessels, tiling, etc . .ANDERSON COUNTY: Palestine. AUSTIN COUNTY: New Ulm. BASTROP COUNTY: Bastrop. Elgin. McDade. Smithville. BELL COUNTY: . Belton. Little River. BEXAR COUNTY: Atascosa. Elmendorf. San Antonio. BOWIE COUNTY: Texarkana. BRAZORIA COUNTY: Brazoria. BURLESON COUNTY: Caldwell. CAMERON Col'NTY: Brownsville. CAMP COUNTY: Pittsburg. CASS COUNTY: Atlanta. COLLIN COUNTY: Clear Lake. COLORADO COUNTY: Eagle Lake. COOKE COUNTY: Gainesville. DAL:U.S COUNTY: Dallas. DELTA COUNTY: Cooper. THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. DENTON COUNTY: Denton. Lewisville. Lloyd. DE WITT COUNTY: Yoakum. Eu.ls COUNTY: Ferris. EL PASO COUNTY: El Paso. Vinton. White Spur. ERATH COUNTY: Thurber. FALLS COUNTY: Denny. Lott. Marlin. Reagan. Viesca. FANNIN COUNTY: Bonham. Ector. Ladonia. Lamasco. Randolph. FORT BEND COUNTY: Duke. FREESTONE CoUNTY: Wortham. GoNZALES COUNTY: Gonzales. GRAYSON COUNTY: Collinsville. Denison. Sherman. Whitesboro. GREGG CoUNTY : Longview. GRIMES COUNTY. GUADALUPE COUNTY: Seguin. HALE CoUNTY : Progress. HARRIS COUNTY : Buffalo Bayou. Cedar Bayou. Harrisburg. Houston. HARRISON COUNTY: Marshall. HENDERSON CouNTY: Athens. HIDALGO COUNTY: Hidalgo. HOPKINS COUNTY: Cumby. Pine Forest. Sulphur Springs. HOUSTON COUNTY: Crockett. Percilla. HUNT COUNTY: Caddo Mills. Campbell. Greenville. Lone Oak. Wolfe City. JACKSON COUNTY: Edna. JEFFERSON COUNTY: Beaumont. Port Arthur. JOHNSON COUNTY: Cleburne. Grandview. KARNES COUNTY: Hobson. KAUFMAN COUNTY: Terrell. LAMAR COUNTY: Blossom. Paris. LAVACA COUNTY: Hallettsville. LEE COUNTY: Giddings. Lexington. LEoN COUNTY: Buffalo. Centerville. Jewett. LIMESTONE COUNTY: Groesbeck. Kosse. Thornton. LLANO COUNTY: Llano. MARION COUNTY: Amiens. Jefferson. MABON COUNTY: Mason. McLENNAN CouNTY: WR<'O. West. MEDTNA Cm'NTY: D'Himnis. MONTAGUE COUNTY: Bowie. THE MINERALS AND MINERAL LOCALITIES OF TEXAS. 69 NACOGDOCHES COUNTY: Chireno. Garrison. NAVARRO COUNTY: Corsicana. PARKER COUNTY: Lakota. Weatherford. RAINS COUNTY: Point. ROBERTSON COUNTY: Calvert. Franklin. Hearne. RUSK COUNTY: Henderson. Wherry. SHELBY COUNTY: Center. Tenaha. SMITH COUNTY : .Arp. Lindale. Troup. Tyler. STARR COUNTY: Roma. TARRANT COUNTY: .Arlington. Kennedale. TAYLOR COUNTY: .Abilene. TITUS COUNTY: Winfield. TRAVIS COUNTY: .Austin. TRINITY COUNTY: Trinity. TYLER COUNTY : Colmesneil. UPSHUR COUNTY: Asbury. Big Sandy. Gilmer. VAN ZANDT COUNTY: C:mton. Edgewood. Grand Saline. Myrtle Springs. Stone Point. Wills Point. VICTORIA COUNTY: Victoria. WASHINGTON COUNTY: Burton. WEBB COUNTY: Laredo. WHARTON COUNTY: Wharton. WICHITA COUNTY: Wichita Falls. WILLIAMSON COUNTY: Taylor. WILSON COUNTY: Calaveras. Fairview. Saspamco. Sutherland Springs. Woon COUNTY: Alba. Golden. Mineola. Winnsboro. PITCH BLENDE. Uranpecherz. A massive variety of Uraninite. Black or dark brown. The rare earths are not presrnt. Specific Grav­ity, 6.4-8. Hardness, 5.5. EL PASO COUNTY: Hunu"'" District, Quitman Mountains.** PRIBRAMITE. A Cadmiferous Zinc Ble11,de or Sphalerite. TRANS-PECOS REGION.** PSEUDOMALACHITE. A Phosphate of Copper. In part Cu3 P2 0 8• 3Cu (OH)2· "Usually massive, reniform, and botyoidal, with a radiating fibroUl> structure. H.=4.5-5. G.=3.4-4.4. I..iustre vitreous. Color dark