FOREIGN PRESS REVIEW
 DAILY SURVEY OF WORLD COMMENT ON THE WAR

 COMPILED FROM TELEGRAPHIC REPORTS RECEIVED BY THE MINISTRY OF INFORMATION




 6th March
No. 45. 1940



 INDIA: INDIGNATION AT DOMALA BOMBING.


 Great indignation is expressed today's Indian press at the bombing
 in

 by a German aeroplane of the British India liner Domala and some of the
 adjectives used to describe the Nazis' act are "barbarous,""brutal", and
 inhuman".


 The BOMBAY CHRONICLE writes: "The Nazis have gone mad. They are lost
 to all sense of reason and all instincts of humanity. The brutality of the
 Nazi airman is accentuated by the fact that the Indian victims are those
 the Germans had held as prisoners since the outbreak of war although it
 was decided to repatriate them later.



 "They were innocent. Not even Hitler's unilaterally-made 'International
 Law' possibly justify this revolting
 can
 inhumanity perpetrated upon them."


 Equally strong comment is contained in the INDIAN NATION


 This paper declares: "The tale of brutal inhumanity revealed by the
 survivors of the Domala and the circumstances in which the attack was made
 lends it the colour of being a premeditated one.




 "The sinking of the Domala is one of the series of Nazi acts of
 barbarous warfare at sea and in the air which puts the Nazi Regime in

 Germany completely outside the pale of civilised governments."


 "Many of us here hardly realise what war meant to millions of men and

 women in the war zone, "writes the AMRITA BAZAAR PATRIKA, a violent Congress
 paper. "Had we realised what war means we would have cried halt to our

 so contemptible do they appear by the side of the issues involved."


 The LAHORE TRIBUNE states: "Reports of the butchery done by the Germans

 have created a wave of anger in India. India will not forget this act of
 Nazi brutality."


 INQUILAS, a Muslim Vernacular daily, says that a strong wave of
 indignation and hatred against Germany over the Domala affair has spread
 throughout India, particularly in the Punjab and North West Frontier

 Province.


 "We hardly realised what war meant", concludes this journal.
6.3.40.
 2



 U.S.A: HERR HITLER’S "PREPOSTEROUS" TERMS.


 Herr Hitler’s interview with Mr. Sumner Welles has aroused wide-spread
discussion amongst U.S. editors and columnists, the majority of whom denounce

the Fuehrer's reported terms as "preposterous."


 Hopes of peace are regarded almost as non-existent and the Isolationists
continue to stress that both belligerents are equally intransigeant and that
America should keep out of the war.



 The BOSTON GLOBE wrote: "No one will imagine that, even were the extravagent
proposals realised in their fullest sense, Hitler's ambitions would halt there.
The National Anthem of Nazi Fascism is 'Today We Rule
 Germany -
 Tomorrow the
Whole World.'”


 "Hitler offered the world not a peace plan but an ultimatum," declared the
NEW YORK POST. "He blandly conveyed the impression that our relationship with
the Republics of Central and South America were comparable with Germany’s con-


quests of Austria, Czechoslovakia and Poland."



 Even stronger language was used by the ST. LOUIS GLOBE DEMOCRAT, which stated
"The terms are preposterous. It is but another of Hitler's vainglorious, mad

outbursts of defiance. This makes it clearer than ever that there is but one
 way
to bring peace to Europe, and that is to obliterate Hitler's power by military
force. While he maintains his supremacy, it is obvious that peace is impossible.”



 An article in the NEW YORK WORLD TELEGRAM, on Monday, declared that Herr
Hitler was not bluffing as regards the division of the British Empire with Signor
Mussolini and it was added: "Chafe as Mussolini does at being a prisoner in the
Mediterranean, he knows his stuff too well not to see that if Germany won the war,

Italy would merely change her jailors. The Duce is reliably reported to entertain
a secret fear that such a change would be far worse instead of better. He knows
that Italy has now little or nothing to fear from France and Britain, unless she
herself declares war against them, whereas there is no telling what Germany would

do if once Hitler became the master of Europe. The Duce knows that Hitler’s

promises mean absolutely nothing."

 The AKRON BEACON JOURNAL affirmed: "Britain’s arrogant use of its sea-power

and Hitler’s habitual bullying of Germany’s neighbours are both a nuisance
which we could all gladly do without."


 An article in the BALTIMORE SUN warned Mr. Chamberlain against a refusal
to deal with the Nazi rulers and said that the Kaiser never had such a fanatical

following as the Fuehrer. It was added: "Dictating to the Germans what kind
of Government they must have will unite the German people behind Hitler as


never before."


 "Ordinary be
 Ludwig Lore writing in the NEW YORK POST stated: mortals would

of the opinion that Mr. Welles should have left the Reich after his talk with
 Hitler. There was no valid reason for further conversations after its titular

leader had made his undebatable peace terms. Hitler 's reference to the Monroe

Doctrine was an unparalleled impertinence, proclaiming the Fuehrer’s right to
conquer and subjugate the nations of Central Europe. I believe Hitler meant every

word he said, I am not a defeatist and I am convinced that authoritarian aggress-
ion can be defeated if the people of the United States, recognising realities,
will urge their Government to support Britain and France with food and war
materials and particularly with planes, arms and munitions. The fight is not
their fight alone. It is ours as well.”
 6.3.40 3


 FRANCE: FRENCH VIEW OF COAL PROBLEM.




 The French Press, commenting on the Anglo-Italian coal question, has

adopted an attitude sympathetic with the British point of view.


 Writing in ORDRE, Pertinax stated: "In the first place, the Anglo-French
control of the seas, as now exercised, is simply a repetition of the system
employed in the War of 1914-18. It does not, indeed, go as far.... But a


quarter of a century ago Italy was on the side of the Allies to lay down the

way in which naval power should be exercised. She did not protest against
what is called the blockade and the economic war....




 "In order to resist totalitarian war, the Western Democracies have had to
increase their prerogative in
 regard to third parties. Needless to
 say, they
are far from imitating German initiative on the seas, they respect the life
of the neutrals and err rather on the side of circumspection, than of boldness.

Logically then, the Italian protest should have been addressed to Berlin, The

particular measure of which
 they complain only is a reply to the German Navy's
 "
magnetic mines which are in
 flagrent contradiction of International Law.



 Commenting on Mr. Sumner Welles' visit to Berlin, The TEMPS wrote:
"On the whole it would appear that Berlin attempted to impress Mr. Sumner

Welles by the
 argument of German strength and the unshakeable resolution of the
German Chancellor to pursue the war to the utmost limits,in the hope that such a
threat would induce Washington to attempt the impossible in order to persuade
the Allies to consider a
 compromised peace, which would preserve for the
Reich the profits of its repeated violations. This is the eternal method

of intimidation which has succeeded in reducing the small nations to
 impotence,
but which will not have the desired effect when Powers, whose strength is
equal to that of Germany, are concerned; Powers moreover, who, in the
economic and military sphere have the advantage oh their side. and have the

moral support of the entire world."


 DENMARK: SYMPATHY WITH BRITISH ACTION.



 Sympathy with the British action in detaining Italian ships carrying
German coal is expressed in today's Danish Press.

 A leading article in the BERLINGSKE AFTENAVIS refers to the Order in

Council of November 28, 1939 and adds: "This step was hardly surprising
since the Allies, including Italy, behaved in a smiliar manner during the

War of 1914-18. Their policy on that occasion was decided in an Order in

Council dated March 11, 1915
 "




 The article later, referring to the Italian note to London in which the

Italian Government forecasts the possible disturbance of Anglo-Italian econo-
mic and political relations, states: "Reference to this agreement was not

perhaps of the happiest possible character, otherwise one could, even in
serious times, find a glimpse of humour in this -
 especially if one reflects

 of what in Spain."
on this treaty and consequently happened

 FINLAND: GERMAN SEA LOSSES.


 The view that though the Allies are masters of the seas, they have not
been able to confine German ships to their own harbours, has been expressed
by the HELSINGIN SANOMAT.


 This added: "German submarines have had considerable victories
 paper
but, considering percentage figures, German losses have been quite as high
as the Allies'. Germany replied to the blockade by sinking, mining and

air and made the situation more difficult than during the Great War's
 war,

 periods.
 "
worst
 6.3.40. 4


 NORWAY: DICTATORS' SHIFTING VIEWPOINTS.


 The varying viewpoints of the totalitarian leaders have been commented upon
 in the Norwegian Press.



 AFTENPOSTEN last night quoted Lenin's words: "The Russian Socialist who

denies Finland freedom is a Chauvinist," and remarked: "The Dictators have
 indeed a surprising way of shifting their standpoints. Lenin's words in 1917
 and the Soviet action today show that, if people in their good faith accept a


new system, trusting all the promises and pronouncements its champions
 which

carry with them into the field, then they may come bitterly to repent their
good faith. That is not the case with Russia alone."


 An article in this referring to the "living space" theory, stated:
 "The lebensraum policy means hell on earth to those who are so unfortunate as

to come into it."



 DAGBLADET, criticising the opinion that Norway and Sweden "are in the same

boat" and should make a common stand, wrote: "Those who know Swedish conditions

declare, even now, that it is unthinkable that Sweden, in her final choice,
will risk going to war against Germany. Every Norwegian knows that it is perhaps
even more unthinkable that Norway should risk coming into conflict with the

Western Powers. In the main question of war and
 peace, Sweden and Norway stand
apart."


 TIDENS TEGN, commenting on M.Sandler's speech in Oslo, urged that Norway
and Sweden should immediately prepare common military defence plans in case of
unprovoked aggression.


 NATIONEN believed that Germany alone could bring about peace between Finland
and Russia and added: "Therefore in Scandinavia no effort must be spared which
may contribute to
 peace
 -

 primarily that peace which Germany is most certainly
trying to negotiate between Finland and Russia, If the guns still their loud

voices on this front, the way will be prepared for a fruitful mediation between
the Western Powers and Germany."


 ITALY: SUGGESTED SOLUTION OF COAL PROBLEM.


 P os sibi lity that the Anglo-Italian coal dispute will, after all, be

OBSERVATORE
settled by Italy's purchasing British coal has ROMANO.
 suggested, in the
 been


 This paper yesterday published the text of the Italian protest and in a
few lines at the end of a leading article suggested that the solution of the
problem would be
 the purchase of British coal if the method of payment could
be settled. The comment concluded with the words "the acquisition of
American Coal has been denied".


 Other Italian newspapers stressed British assurances of
 goodwill but
were doubtful whether the Italian viewpoint was understood in Britain.


 The
 POPOLO DI ROMA
 ,
 in a London
 despatch pointing out the reference in
the Italian note to the necessity of coal for Italian life and work expressed
the fear that "this is not understood by the British who tend to measure

everything in terms of dividends." The suggestion that the note’s reference
to the Anglo-Italian agreement might constitute a threat was dismissed as

absurd. paper added: "In London public opinion has been conquered by
 This

 I n Berlin there
the clear arguments of the Fascist Government's
 document. is
a full comprehension of Italian rights. In Paris there are fears of
eventual complications."


 Some
 papers gave the text of acts cited in the note and others emphasised.
American sympathy with Italy’s protest.
6. 3. 40. 5.


 BELGIUM; BRITISH AND GERMAN METHODS COMPARED.



 of Belgian aeroplane has continued
 The air incident involving the loss a

 and the
 to
 occupy the attention of the Belgian Press and LE PEUPLE VOORUIT,
 Left-wing newspapers yesterday speed contrasted the with which British
 Nivelles incident last
 apologies and material followed the less serious
 September with the 48 hours’ delay in the German reply.


 INDEPENDANCE BELGE showed scepticism towards the German excuses stating:
 "It could give but it is difficult to
 is the only explanation the Germans
 to
 attach much credit to it. If Germany really wants the Belgian people
 believe in the sincerity of her regrets, let her publish what sanctions she
 has taken against aviators who showed such a lack of sangfroid."

 the METROPOLE , the
 The STANDAARD, the Flemish Catholic newspaper and
 Right-wing organ, appeared satisfied with the German apology and especially
 with the promise that orders not to fly over Belgian territory would be
 reinforced. The GAZETTE DE CHARLEROI the Liberal journal, however pointed
 doubt to
 out that such a promise was
 easy to give but expressed some
 as


 whether it would be carried out.



 The Liberal paper LA showed in the Belgian General
 MEUSE, some anxiety case


 Staff had decided to evacuate the balloon provinces to enemy invasion, and
 added: "In the Eastern districts great anxiety reigns. Will we be defended

 if the war breaks out? After the Government’s legitimate exhortations to
 all citizens to combine their labours all have an equal right to an answer
 to the
 questions which trouble us."


 SWITZERLAND: ITALIAN COAL QUESTION.


 The Swiss Press has shown a disinclination to take a serious view of the

 Anglo-Italian coal question though the possibility that graver developments
 might arise has been mooted.


 DER BUND, the Radical Democratic organ, wrote yesterday: "One must not

 exaggerate the tension but in these troubled times the matter cannot be
 regarded as a mere bagatelle. A solution will probably be found.


 A Rome dispatch to the NEUE ZUERCHER ZEITUNG, also a Radical Democratic

 journal, stated: "Italy will defend her rights* as a State not at war, with all
 the means she commands."


 The NATIONAL ZEITUNG stated that Britain wished to test the strength of
 the Rome-Berlin axis.


 EGYPT: ARABS AND ’MEIN KAMPF’.


 Some outspoken comments on Nazi principles appeared in yesterday’s AL

 BALAGH.


 This
 paper, referring to an article by Wacyfgh Ali Pasha, stated: "For
 the use of the Eastern peoples Hitler purged ’Mein Kampf’ but other editions
 contain the most humiliating attacks on Arabs. It is fortunate that these
 A r abs find a
 personality like Wacyfgh Ali to defend their value and refute
 Hitler’s lies regarding a superior race. A abs and Moslems will not forget
 r

 these lies especially when
 Hitler tries to butter them up by propaganda
 broadcasts."



 Discussing Indian AL MASRI
 Nationalism WAFD wrote: "The most prominent
 facts are revealed -


 firstly the British Governments' prudence and extremely
 generous conduct in giving full liberty to the Press and secondly, the fidelity
 and sincerity of the Indian people 's leaders in supporting the cause of

 democracy."

 After stating that Indians wished to solve the question of their national

 status by peaceful negotiations this
 paper concluded: "All these facts are


 worth recording."
 6. 3. 50. 6


 Referring to the international situation in the periodical AL SIASSA.
 Heikal Pasha stated: "We do not believe peace moves have positive results. The

 war will continue until Germany yields .. Mankind's security cannot remain at

 the mercy of a single nation."

 PANAMA: COLONEL LINDBERGH CRITICISED.


 Colonel Lindbergh's magazine article representing war as not involving a

 struggle between right and wrong but as between two sides fighting for selfish
 interests has aroused criticism in the P anama
 newspaper STAR AND HERALD.



 A leader in this paper asked: "What about the rights of small nations?
 Leaving out the element of selfishness inherent in every nation, the present war

 centres around the question whether the small nations shall be gobbled up
 by their powerful neighbours or whether a halt should be called to this ruthless

 procedure."


 ESTRELLA DE PANAMA, in a leader describing the fate of Poland, drew the
 conclusion that the Allied policy, as recently stressed by Mr. Chamberlain

 was "assuredly justified."


 BRAZIL: AMERICAN PAPERS IRRITATED.


 The German attitude to Mr. Sumner Welles's mission is irritating to the

 American papers, according to the CORREIO DA MANHA.



 This paper added yesterday: "South American opinion is not impressed by
 the German outcry against British I mperialism which was proclaimed necessary
 by Hitler a year ago."


 0 JORNAL commented on the traditional friendship between Britain and Italy
 and did not expect serious difficulties to arise as a result of the Italian
 any
coal question.

 LEBANON: WHY MOSLEM JOURNALIST WANTS ALLIES TO WIN.



 Continuing its plebiscite on "Why Arabs should support the Allies"
ANNAHAR published a statement by Muhyiddin Nusouli, a former Deputy and a
well-known Moslem politician and journalist.

 "I want the Allies to van the war because I believe that authority should be
in the hands of the community and not the individual", the statement ran. "The
nations should not be divided into masters and slaves. The principles of right
and justice should supercede those of Nietsche and Machiavelli, which have

inspired Nazi activities during the last three years.


 "The democracies' struggle might last a few years against aggressive forces,
but the bright and happy future which awaits humanity when the Allies win the
war is worth all these precious sacrifices, and the Arabs will certainly share

 the fruits of victory and the happy future.

 PORTUGAL: NEUTRALS BENEFITING GERMANY?


 "The
 neutrals, especially the S candinavian countries, have benefited
G e rmany by weakening the efficacy of the British blockade". This comment was

made by 0 COMMERCIO DO PORTO in a leading article yesterday. The paper added:
"Britain however is sure of victory and has envisaged a new Europe where
 every
nation great or small will see aspirations and needs realised.
 their natural
Britain throws to the world the three voices of reason of yesterday, of today -




and of tomorrow, but the echoes do not reflect the same voices."
6. 3.40. 7




 ARGENTINA: PESSIMISM AT U.S. ENVOY'S MISSION.



 has generally taken the view that little can be hoped
 The Argentine Press
for from Mr. Sumner Welles' mission to Europe.


 EL DIA and LIBERTAD AVELLANEDA reiterated that peace would impossible be


 LIBERTAD AVELLANEDA declared that Mr. Welles' mission
with the Nazi regime.
 it added, the Allies made a similar
was to form an anti-Soviet bloc, but, was

 into the alliance with Germany.
mistake at Munich, thus driving Russia


 stated "The worthlessness of Hitler's word
 NOTICIAS GRAFICAS yesterday:
 Mr. Welles’ visit may result in an arrangement
makes proposals impossible.
 the war, at first favour-
 the equilibrium of the European powers as
maintaining
 with her Russian alliance.
able to the Allies, now favours Germany


 question and several papers,
 Prominence was given to the Anglo-Italian coal
 rupture with Britain
 that Italy would avoid
 as
including EL MUNDO, considered a

 that the
 decisive German victory. LA PRENSA thought
she did not wish for
 would not be cancelled and EL DIA considered that
Anglo-Italian trade agreement
the affair would be settled satisfactorily.


 the constructive nature of Mr. Chamberlain’s speech
 VANGUARDIA applauded
 in accordance with the ideals
and La PRENSA said that the Premier’s speech was


of American States.


 took the view that British bombers are superior to
 The Press, in general,
 considered that the R.A.F.'s flights over Berlin
German machines and EL PAIS

were of great moral ue.


 LIBERDAD AVELLANEDA disapproved of the principle of Imperialism, but
 Mr. Ghandi’s moderation, the downfall of the British Empire would
approved
 as


mean "brutal German hegemony."


 SWEDEN: EXTENSION OF WAR AREA?



 Speculation as to a possible intervention in the Finnish war is contained
 in today’s Swedish Press.

 STOCKHOLMS TIDNINGEN considers it vital for Swedish interests to keep the
Finnish war and the Anglo-French-German war apart, but believes there are


 signs that at desires
 least one belligerent party in the Anglo-French-German war

 the merging of the two wars.




 This paper adds: "No-one doubts that the feeling entertained by the

Western Powers for heroic Finland is genuine and that they see in the Finnish

fight against Red Imperialism a defence also of those interests and ideals for

which they are striving as Democratic nations. But to the desire to help small
nations in difficulties is added the wish to transfer the war to an area where

there are greater possibilities of attacking enemies."


 SOCIAL DEMOKRATEN refers to the German communique issued to foreign
 journalists on the arrival in Berlin of Mr. Sumner Welles and quotes the para-

graph stating that if Great Britain succeeds in compelling the neutrals to

join her cause, this is more than counteracted by the pact with Russia "which
will ensure Germany’s victory." The
 paper goes on to remark on this tremendous
confidence in Russian capacity and support and refers to an article by Dr.

Ruprecht which shows that it will be many years before Russian production is
suffuciently developed to do more than cover her home needs of many products.

 SOCIAL DEMOKRATEN also refers to an article by Niedemayer in the MILITAR
WISSENSCHAFTLICHE RUNDSCHAU and concludes: "Can Russia, which has her own war


aims, support Hitler without becoming involved in the Great War? Can Russia
continue a policy which, if the Western Powers were defeated, would make Germany
a tremendously powerful neighbour?"
6.3.40 8




 VOLKESDAGBLADET does not express surprise that Sweden's failure to
help Finland results in the latter turning to the Western Powers but

declares that Allied interest in Finland is by no means selfless and is

very dangerous for Scandinavia. This paper adds that it is vital for
Swedish and Finnish interests that Finland should not conclude a pact
with the Western Powers.


 J. Wickman in DAGENS NYHE reviewing Stechert's book "In the

footsteps of Czarism", says: "One must admit that the German troops'
spiritual welfare is thoroughly attended to; they read in their daily
papers of the gangsters and plutocratic scum in England and of their kind
faithful friend Stalin. And then they hear what the Fuhrer advises in

the pocket bible 'Mein Kampf' which explains that they shall strive for
peace with England and conquer new territory from Russia. They are
astonished at the expression - 'never to forget that the present Russian

leaders are bloodstained criminals and the scum of humanity'."

 Wickman points out that a meeting of the Communist International

last October violently criticised Nazism and continues; "So the two
friends behave as though they expect their affection
 may soon become the
reverse".



 Wickman, summarising the contents of the book, concludes: "Germany
has lost the credit for being the rk against Bolshevism. Sumner
We lles is the first distinguished foreigner whom Hitler has not looked
straight in the eyes while-declaring that he was protecting Europe from
the Moscow gangsters."
 6/3/40 -
 No.l.




 FRENCH OFFICIAL COMMUNIQUE


 (MORNING)




Paris, Wednesday March 6, 1940.



 The following official communique was issued this


morning from French G.H.Q:-



 LOCAL ARTILLERY ACTION YESTERDAY TOWARDS THE END


OF THE AFTERNOON. PATROL ACTIVITY DURING THE NIGHT.
 6.3.40 - No. 2.


 AIR RAID PROTECTION FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN.


 PUBLIC SHELTERS ONLY TO BE USED IN EXCEPTIONAL
 CIRCUMSTANCES.




 Public Air Raid shelters should only be treated as



suitable for school children during school hours in exceptional


circumstances states the Board of Education in a Circular just

issued to Inspectors of Schools, The policy of the Board is


to provide shelter for all children attending schools in the


danger areas, either in the school or in households nearby,

at which they are likely to arrive in greater safety than they

would at a public shelter.



 Where, however, there are difficulties in providing

shelter for the children by these means and there is a public

shelter close at hand, the Local Education Authority may, with


the agreement of the Air Raid Precautions Authority, arrange


for those children who cannot be otherwise provided with


shelter to go to the public shelter. In such cases the


Local Education Authorities must make themselves responsible


for with the help of the Air Raid Precautions
 organising,


Authority, a proper service of guards through the Air Raid



Wardens, etc.


 Where the construction of shelter has begun in a




school but has not been completed, public shelter within



5 minutes of the school may, with the concurrence of the



Air Raid Precautions Authority, be treated as available shelter



as an interim measure until the shelter in the school and the



arrangements for dispersal to households in the vicinity have


been completed.




BOARD OF EDUCATION,
 6/3/40 - No.3.




 WORK OF THE CONTRABAND CONTROL BASES.


Statement given to correspondents at
Ministry of Economic Warfare
March at 3 p.m.




 On 5th March there were 21 neutral ships in the


 Contraband Control bases in the United Kingdom, of which 15

 had been there for 4 days or less. This total included:-


 12 Dutch for
 (10 4 days or
 less)
 6 Norwegian (3 " " " " "
 )
 2 Belgian ( 1 " " " " ")

 Also there was 1 Swedish ship which had been detained under


 4 days.


 During the week ending 2nd March the Contraband


 Committee considered the cargoes of 105 ships which had


 arrived since 24th February and 36 outstanding cargoes from


 the previous week. The combined total of
 included ships the


 following nationalities:-


 37 Dutch

 31 Italian

 29 Norwegian
 9 United States
 8 Danish
 7 Swedish
 6 Belgian
 5 Greek


 In 73 cases entire cargoes were released, either on




 first consideration or after enquiries.

 The system under which advance copies of manifests of



 cargoes are received and considered before the ships' arrival



 at ports in this country resulted, during the week under



 review, in 72 cases being so dealt with, and in 45 cases of



 the ships concerned being released by the Committee, subject


 merely to the formal checking of the original manifests on




 their arrival at the Control Bases.




 Ministry of Economic Warfare.
 6th March, 1940 No. 4.
 M.A.F. 165




 MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE ANNOUNCEMENT.




 ADAPTING THE SEED TO THE SOIL.



 Choice of Variety May Mean Success or Failure.



 The varieties of the three cereals, wheat, oats

and barley differ widely from one another. Some give
high yields only on soils of good productive capacity,
others are better suited to soils of low cropping power.


 These are facts of which most farmers are aware.

Their main difficulty is to know which of the many
varieties now on the market are most suitable to fields of

differing character, and what are the chief characteristics
of the varieties. Success or failure may depend upon
this knowledge.


 The Ministry of Agriculture has therefore
published a leaflet, ”Growmore No. 18", on this subject.
Single copies are free on application to the Ministry at
10 Whitehall Place, S.W.1. Varieties of seed in
relation to type of soil are closely dealt with and a

considerable amount of information is given as to the
characteristics of the crop that may be expected.


 The ploughing up campaign has made demands on

many farmers no longer accustomed to corn-growing and for
their benefit particulars are also given on such

matters as preparation of the seed bed, seed treatment
and. rate of seeding. Special reference is made to

Wales and the West Country in this leaflet.
 6/3/40. -
 No. 5.




 PRESS NOTICE.




 The Ministry of Information have arranged, with the


co-operation of the Admiralty, to provide all neutral ships

at British Contraband Control Bases with a free supply of


up-to-date British newspapers.


 Complaints have been made by passengers on neutral vessels



that, while they are detained at these bases for examination,

the time passes slowly and there is nothing to do in their



state of isolation. A special ground of complaint was the



inability to obtain any newspapers.




MINISTRY OF INFORMATION
 6/3/40. -

 No. 13.




 The Board of Education requests the following

correction in Lord De la Warr' s broadcast speech "Back


to School in the Towns" issued to-day*



 In paragraph six page two of full text


 and paragraph 4 of the summary please


 read:-


 "To-day that figure has been reduced


 by 70,000” instead of 40,000.
 6/3/40 -
 No. 6.




 Released for publication
 after 9.30 p.m. this
 (Wednesday) Evening, 6th
 March, 1940.
 MEMO TO SUB-EDITORS.
 This summary is issued in
 advance, but should be checked
 against actual broadcast at
 9.20 p.m. on 391 or 449 metres
 tonight.




 FULL TEXT WILL LATER BE AVAILABLE, FOR

 THOSE WHO DESIRE IT, IN ROOM 8.



 BACK TO SCHOOL


 BROADCAST TALK BY LORD DE LA WARR.




 In a Broadcast talk this evening (Wednesday) Lord De La Warr,
President of the Board of Education stated that he was aiming at
the restoration of full-time education for every child of every age
in every type of area. At the present time out of a total of nearly
5 million school children well over 31/2 million were receiving
full-time education. Nearly 700,000 half-time and a great many of

the rest were receiving home service teaching.


 In the reception areas there were 2 million local children and
 cent
over 400,000 evacuees. A ago between 80
 month and 90 per
were receiving full-time education. To-day the figure was 96 per cent.

 A month ago about 95 per cent of the children in the neutral
areas were in school the majority full-time. Since then the number

receiving full-time education had increased by at least 47,000 and
the position was still improving.

 In the evacuation areas the numbers not in school had been
reduced by 40,000 dur ing the last few weeks and next month should
show a very much bigger reduction. The position varied in different
localities. In London schools were now available for all children
over 11
 years of age. By April 1st children over 8 would be
included and the rest, down to 5 years of age would follow in due

course. In two cases -
 Smethwick and part of Lancashire -
 full-
time education for all children had already been achieved, and 16
other authorities expected to attain that goal by the end of the
month. In addition Walsall, Wimbledon, Oldbury and Acton had
already more than three-quarters of the children in school
full-time.


 This picture, said Lord De La Warr, is not one which justifies
complacency but it does show real progress against real difficulties.
I am sometimes asked, why not bring still more pressure to hear on

laggard Authorities, as by stopping their grant if need be? Well,
I rule out nothing. My cirterion will be the result achieved by
April Ist. But, for the moment, waving the big stick at those who
are struggling to attain a goal against appalling odds would hinder
rather than help.




BOARD OF EDUCATION.
 6.3.40 No 8




 The wa r Office issues the following Communique from



 Q.H.Q., B.E.F., France.



 6th March 1940,

 The raid on 5th March on a British Post in the Maginot


Line Sector took place under cover of a barrage, mortar, and


machine gun fire at dawn.


 The enemy succeeded in entering the post which was held



by part of a platoon of Infantry.


 The Platoon Sergeant Major was killed.


 The Germans left one dead in the Post and suffered


casualties during their withdrawal from Artillery and


machine gun fire.


 Several of our men are missing.




The War Office,
Whitehall, S.W.l,
6th March 1940.
 6,3.40 No 8




 The wa r Office issues the following Communique from


G.H.Q., B.E.F., France.




 6th March 1940.

 The raid on 5th March on a British Post in the Maginot

Line Sector took place under cover of a barrage, mortar, and


machine gun fire at dawn.


 The enemy succeeded in entering the post which was held


by part of a platoon of Infantry.


 The Platoon Sergeant Major was killed.


 The Germans left one dead in the Post and suffered


casualties during their withdrawal from Artillery and


machine gun fire.


 Several of our men are missing.




The War Office,

Whitehall, S.W.l.
6th March 1940,
 6.3.40. No. 9.


 VETERANS’ SERVICE IN SOUTH AFRICA.




 South Africa’s Essential Services Protection Corps,


comprising fit men who are over 45 years of age, is being


extended by the formation of two new companies. The Corps

was created under Government authority shortly after the


outbreak of and has been engaged duty at Cape
 d

 war on guar


Town, Durban, Port Elizabeth and East London.


 The new units will comprise a Roads Company, commanded


by Colonel P.I. Roogenhout, Chairman of the National Roads


Board, and a Railway Company. In addition to guard duty

at tho coast, the Essential Services Protection Corps, which

is under the command of Colonel C.R. Blaine, Secretary for

Defence, will guard bridges and other important points on




the Union’s far-flung network of roads and railways.




EMPIRE AFFAIRS
 6/3/40 -
 No. 10.




 CEREBRO-SPINAL FEVER.




 In view of the encouraging results which have recently

been obtained by chemotherapy in the treatment of cerebro-


spinal fever, a memorandum on the disease (memorandum
 Med)

has been issued by the Ministry of Health to medical officers


of health, and is published by H.M, Stationery Office to-day


price 2d.



 The memorandum summarises briefly the modern views


on treatment of cerebro-spinal fever and includes observations


on the epidemiology of the disease, the part played by the


healthy "carrier” in its spread, the control of contacts,


diagnosis and the general measures of prevention.

 While the memorandum has been designed primarily

for the use of medical officers of health, it should also


be of assistance and interest to medical practitioners

who may be called upon to diagnose and treat the disease.




MINISTRY OF HEALTH.
 6/3/40. -
 No. 11.




 SOUTH AFRICA'S COASTAL LIGHTS,



 All lighthouses, radio beams, foghorns and similar aids


to navigation along the coast of the Union and South West


Africa are functioning again after a lapse of several months.


 Instructions to extinguish coastal lights and other aids


to shipping were issued shortly after the outbreak of war as




a measure of public safety, as it was known at that time that



enemy raiders were abroad in southern waters.



 The restoration of normal conditions has now been found



practicable and is proving of considerable benefit to shipping.




EMPIRE AFFAIRS.
Thefollowing is issued to the 6.3.40 No.12.

Press by Naval Affairs for such

use as they may wish to make of it.


 THE SINKING OF THE "TOGIMO".


 At an interview this morning with Skipper James Gale, D.S.C.,
further details came to light of the sinking of his trawler, the

 "Togimo", by a German submarine seventy miles south-west
 some of

 Cape Clear, Ireland, on the early morning of February 11th.


 The weather was fine, with a light southerly breeze, a heavy
ground swell from the south-west, and a clear starry sky but other-
wise pitch dark, when at 500 a .m. all hands were on deck standing
by to shoot the trawl which had been hauled about an hour before.

All the "Togimo ’s" deck lights were burning.

 The skipper was below in his cabin taking a sounding with the
 echometer when he heard the report of a gun. Returning to the

bridge he realised he was being attacked by U-boat,
 an so gave orders

for all lights put to be out and for full speed ahead, in the hope
 of making his escape. Almost simultaneously he saw a flash from
about five hundred yards away on the starboard beam. A shell burst
in the chartroom, just below the whoelhouse,setting the ship on


fire, smashing windows, splintering doors and bulkheads, and filling
 the whole place with fumes.


 The "Togimo" stopped, clearly visible in the light of her

own flames, while the U-boat fired shell after shell at point-blank
range, Skipper Gale gave orders for the ship to be abandoned, so
the boat was hoisted out over the port quarter. One man, a fireman,
had already been killed. Of the ten others, seven got into the

boat, leaving the skipper, the mate and a deckhand with a badly
lacerated arm (which afterwards had to be amputated) on board the

"Togimo", which was now blazing furiously.


 Circling round, the submarine continued her fire, approaching
to within 150 yards, A shell hit the trawler's bridge and blew
it to pieces. Another burst close to the stern of the boat lying
alongside the
 "Togimo's" port quarter, fragments wounding the its
chief engineer and several others, A third projectile narrowly
missed the boat’s bows.


 The wounded nut down into the
 man was boat, followed by the
mate and the skipper. They cast and used their
 off, oars to back
astern. A few minutes later the "Togimo" sank. The U-boat after-
 wards approached within fifteen yards, and then steamed off into the
 distance, leaving the ten fishermen to their fate. Several of them
 wounded, and their boat, hit by many splinters,
 were was leaking
badly. They had about one gallon of water and about two dozen bis-
cuits.


 The boat lay to until dawn, and through the ensuing day rowed
 to the north-east, towards land. At sunset the wind backed to the
 south-east and started to freshen. It became bitterly cold.
During the night they sighted several trawlers and lit red flares
to attract their attention; but without success. The wind freshened
 still further,
 and the sea increased. What with the rowing and
constant baling to keep the boat afloat, the crew were utterly
 exhausted, so once more they lay to during darkness. "It was the
 longest night I ever spent," said Skipper Gale.

 The badly wounded in which they could do little
 man was
 agony
 to alleviate. They gave him of
 sips water, and at midnight served
 out a biscuit to all hands. At dawn on February 12th, they once
more started to to the north-east in the teeth of wind and
 row
 the
 the rapidly rising Baling continued, the water
 sea.
 scooped up
from the bottom of the boat reddened
 being by the blood of the
wounded.


 /The skipper
 2




 The skipper was just making up his mind to rig a sea
anchor when, at 8.30 a.m. , a vessel was sighted to leeward
Steaming in their direction. To attract her attention they
improvised a flag from a cook’s apron tied to a boathook.


 The steamer, a Spaniard, came close past the boat and
then stopped. The "Togimo's" survivors were rescued, well
cared for, and landed a few hours later at a port in Ireland.


 Thus does Germany make war
 upon unarmed and inoffensive
fishermen. If there was any excuse for sinking the "Togimo"
herself, there was none whatever for the deliberate shelling
which killed one man and wounded several more, or of leaving
the survivors in their boat with a slender chance of reaching
land.




NAVAL AFFAIRS
 The War Office,


 London, S.W.l.


 6th March, 1940.


 GALLANTRY IN PALESTINE.



 Details have now come to hand describing how the



following decorations for gallantry in Palestine were won.




 THE MILITARY MEDAL.


 Warrant Officer Class I. (Regimental Sergeant Major).
 Eric Vincent Marriott,
 1st the Royal Dragoons.



 On the morning of the 17th December, 1939, in



operations at UMM AL FAHM, Palestine, a cordon was




established around some armed gangsters. A determined effort


was being made to break the cordon when Sergeant Major


Marriott personally led a part of the Light Machine Gun



Troop to fill the gap. His party came under heavy fire at


very close range, yet he handled them with such skill that


they suffered no casualties and killed and wounded a number


of the enemy, including the well-known gang leader YUSEF


HAMDAN.


 None of the gang succeeded in breaking through the



cordon, though they made repeated desperate efforts to do so.



 Sergeant Major Marriott showed great bravery and


determination.


 THE MILITARY MEDAL.


 Corporal Richard Whiley, 1st the Royal Dragoons.



 On the morning of the 17th December 1939, at UMM


AL FAHM, Palestine, a cordon was established round some




armed gangsters. A determined effort was being made to


break the cordon when Corporal Whiley's section was included


 in a /
 2.




in a party sent off under the Regimental Sergeant Major to


fill the gap.


 Corporal Whiley handled his section with great


skill under very heavy fire at close range, and although the


country was densely wooded, no gangsters got through the


cordon, and several were killed or wounded.



 Corporal Whiley himself shot and killed the well-


known gang leader YUSEF HAMDAM at very close range. He


showed great bravery and determination in a hard fight

against a desperate enemy.


 THE MILITARY MEDAL.


 Corporal Alexander McCartney, The Argyll and
 Sutherland Highlanders, (Princess Louise’s).

 On the 17th December, 1939, a close cordon was




established round the village of UMM AL FAHM, Palestine,

and Corporal McCartney’s section got into touch with a




gang under YUSEF HAMDAH. Whilst engaging this party at long

range Corporal McCartney saw them run into a post of the



ROYALS whose fire turned them back.


 He quickly realised that the gang would cross his


front, closed with them, and with-holding his fire until


they were within 300 yards, scattered the gang -
 killing


at least three of them.


 This non-commissioned officer's determined action


and quick grasp of the situation initiated an action which


ended in the extermination of the gang concerned.


 He dispalyed initiative and great coolness through-

out the action.
 The War Office,


 London, S.W.1.


 6th March, 1940.



 OFFICERS' CAPS.


Correct names of the various kinds worn, in the Army.




 Owing to so many new tailors coming into the



military trade, and the large number of officers being


gazetted, there is some doubt as to the correct names for


the various caps worn. When officers order caps and badges


by post, they are sometimes vague in their discriptions

of these caps, thereby causing confusion and delay.

 The correct designations of the various head-dresses


is as follows:-


Service Dress Cap. Khaki peaked cap, worn with Service
 dress.


Forage Cap. Blue (or other colour) peaked cap,
 normally worn by Household Troops with
 Service dress and by other troops with
 undress.


Drab field Service Khaki side cap, worn with battle dress.

Cap.

Coloured Field Service

Cap. Coloured variety of above worn on

 informal occasions.

Scottish troops and the R.T.R. do not wear a forage cap.
 The War Office,


 London, S.W.l.


 6th March, 1940.


 OFFICIAL WAR ARTISTS.




 The War Office announces that the following gentlemen

have accepted an officer of employment as Official War


Artists
 R.G.Eves, R. A.,
 Edward Bawden.
 Barnett Freedman.




 One further offer of employment to a serving soldier,


Edward Ardizzone, is still outstanding.

 The appointments were made on the recommendation of


the Artists’ Advisory Committee of which Sir Kenneth Clark


is Chairman.


 The artists will be employed on the depiction of the



effort of the British Army from every angle and in every medium,


and will rank as Official Correspondents.

 All work executed during the period of their



appointments will belong to the Crown, and will form part of


exhibitions which the Artists’ Advisory Committee hope to



organise at a later date.
 6/3/40 No 17
 CANADIAN JEWRY BUY WAR BONDS.

 BONDS AGAINST BONDAGE.



 "An investment in freedom -
 a bond against bondage",

 In these words the President of the Canadian Jewish
Congress, Samuel Bronfman, referred to the Canadian War Loan

when urging Canadian Jewry to subscribe.


 Subscriptions to the War Loan would, he said, "help
build aMaginot Line on the economic front."


 The Bronfman interests and those of B.Aaron of Montreal
had already subscribed for 500,000 dollars worth of war

bonds.




EMPIRE AFFAIRS
 6/3/40 -
 No. 18.




 WINNING THE PEACE.



 South Africa's Finance Minister's Appeal



 Mr. J.H. Hofmeyr, South African Finance Minister, in a

speech at a banquet at Port Elizabeth last night stated that
the War would have been fought in vain if it merely ended in
the destruction of Naziism.


 "The issue of this War" he said, "is whether the
dominant ideal in the world is to be individual freedom and

good will among all peoples or a condition where people shall
be mere pawns in a game to be shifted about to the dictates
of a State. The issue is whether humanity is to fall back or

to realise its divine destiny. We must carry on the fight.
We are not only thinking of the defeat of Germany by winning
the War but also of winning the peace. I believe we are
destined in these days to see the powers of darkness put to

flight. We won the last War, but we did not win the peace,
and the brave new world we all hoped for did not emerge from

the struggle. This time we have also got to win the peace.
 That is not going to depend on any peace settlement at the
end of the War, but on the spirit that prevails after the War
 in the hearts of men".


 Recalling General Smuts' words, that humanity had
struck its tents and was once again on the march, Mr. Hofmeyr
said:


 "If this time we win the peace as well as the War
what is needed is a spiritual revelation in the hearts of
men -
 the right attitude of one man towards his brother men.

I believe it possible that the spirit of our common humanity
will prevail in international relations and I hope you will
join with me in expressing the hope and uttering the prayer
that it will be so".




EMPIRE AFFAIR
 6/3/40. - No. 19.

 GIFT FROM THE RAJA OF PERLIS.


 £6,000 TOWARDS WAR COSTS.




(Not to be published in this or in any other country until the

 morning (G.M.T, of Thursday, March 7.)

(Not to he 'broadcast before 7 a.m. (G.M.T.) Thursday
March 7. )




 His Highness the Raja of Perlis has offered the sum

of $ 50,000 (some £6,000) to His Majesty’s Government as a war

contribution from his State. In intimating the grateful
acceptance of this gift by His Majesty’s Government, the

Secretary of State for the Colonies has asked the High
Commissioner for the Malay States to convey to His Highness
"their sincere and deep appreciation of this further generou
contribution by Perlis to the common efforf".


 The Raja, Syed Alwi, K.B.E., C.M.G., has reigned
since 1905, and last May he gave £3,000 towards the cost of
Imperial Defence.


 (Perlis, the smallest of the Malay States, is in
the extreme north of the peninsula, bordering on Siam (Thailand).
It is little more than 300 miles in area, its annual revenue

less than £82,000. The population of 55,000 includes only
eight Europeans.

 The inhabitants are mainly Malay farmers, owning their
homes and
 engaged in rice growing. A certain amount of tin
is exported from the State. The deposits occur in deep
underground caves in limestone hills, where the ore has been
lodged by subterranean streams. Extraction is peculiarly
difficult, miners having to blast their way along miles of

underground water courses for months and even years before

reaching the pockets of tin.)



EMPIRE AFFAIRS.
FOR PRESS AND BROADCAST 6/3 /40 No 20




 PRESS NOTICE




 The Minister of Home Security has appointed


Colonel C.W.G. Walker, C.M.G., D.S.O., to be Principal

Officer of the Southern Civil Defence Region in place of



Mr.G. Ismay, C.B., who has been withdrawn for special duty

at H.M. Treasury.




MINISTRY OF HOME SECURITY.
 6/3/40 - No. 21.

 GERMAN COAL EXPORTS.


 THE ITALIAN SHIP "LOASSO" RELEASES.




 The Enemy Exports Committee at their meeting this


evening ordered the detention in prize of the cargoes of



coal carried in eight out of the nine Italian vessels at


present lying in the Downs.



 The ninth ship, the "Loasso", was released as it


was established that she had sailed on March 1st and had


subsequently been delayed by engine trouble.




MINISTRY OF ECONOMIC WARFARE
 6/3/40 - No. 22.




 FRENCH OFFICIAL COMMUNIQUE.


 (EVENING)




Paris, March 6, 1940 .




 The following official communique was issued


this evening from French G.H.Q:-



 NOTHING OF IMPORTANCE TO REPORT.
 6/3/40 -
 No.23.


NOT TO BE QUOTED AS AN AIR MINISTRY ANNOUNCEMENT.




 R. A. F. SAVES NEUTRAL SHIP




 An 8,000 tons Dutch merchant vessel the STADSHIEDAM, was

saved from destruction by mines yestersay in the North Sea.



 An aircraft of the R.A.F. Coastal Command, leaving on a
long patrol, sighted drifting mines, and reported their position
by wireless.


 Another Coastal Command aircraft was sent out to keep watch
on the danger area.



 A minute or two after locating the mines, the pilot observed
the STADSHIEDAM standing into danger. The mines lay directly
in her path.


 Flying over the Dutch ship the pilot flashed a warning by
lamp, and told her to heave to or alter course at once, Again and
again he went round the vessel in tight circles, repeating the

warning and orders.


 The STADSHIEDAM paid no heed, and continued on the same

course. Obviously, the lamp signals had not been understood.


 Only a short distance now separated the ship from the mines.
In the pilot’s phrase -
 "the position was becoming desperate”.
He next fired a number of coloured lights into the sea, immediately
ahead of the STADSHIEDAM, hoping that, by this method, the crew
 would realise their imminent peril. Still the vessel did not change
course.




 When the STADSHIEDAM was quite close to one of the mines, the
aircraft pilot took other
 From close he opened
 measures. quarters
fire with his front machine gun across her bows. These tactics
were successful. At once the STADSHIEDAM swung hard to port, away
from the danger which was immediately confronting her.


 But the Dutch crew remained unaware of their narrow escape
until a British naval vessel was called and destroyed the mines.




AIR AFFAIRS.